JuRa’Z -Enhance Your Commerce Skills With Us

PROFESSIONAL BUSINESS
SKILLS
Notes
MODULE I – PROFESSIONALISM
Meaning:
Professionalism is the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or
mark a profession or a professional person.

Professional Characteristics:
1. Professional appearance
Professionals should always strive for a professional appearance,
including appropriate attire and proper hygiene and grooming.

2. Reliable
Professionals are dependable and keep their commitments.
They do what they say they will do and don't overpromise.
3. Ethical behaviour
Embodying professionalism also means to be committed to doing the
right thing. Honesty, open disclosure and sincerity are all
characteristics of ethical behaviour.

4. Professional Code of Ethics

A professional keeps their workspace neat and organized so that
they can easily find items when they need them.
5. Accountable
Just as a professional accepts credit for having completed a task or
achieved a goal, they also are accountable for their actions when
they fail.

6. Professional language
People who behave with professionalism monitor every area of their
behavior, including how they talk.

7. Separates personal and professional

Professionals understand the importance of separating their
personal lives from their professional lives.

8. Positive attitude
Part of being a professional means maintaining a positive, can-do
attitude while working.

9. Emotional control
Emotional control is another key characteristic of professionalism.

10. Effective time management

An employee who knows how to manage their time well is viewed by
their peers as a professional.

11. Focused
A professional is clear about their goals and understands what they
need to accomplish to achieve them.

12. Poised
Professionals should demonstrate poise, a calm and confident state
of being.

13. Respectful of others

Professionals always treat others with respect.
14. Strong communicator
A professional must have strong communication skills.
15. Possesses soft skills
Soft skills are personal attributes that allow someone to interact
effectively with others.

Professionalism in Communication

Professional communication means written, oral, visual and digital

communication within a workplace.

Objectives of making a professional presentation:

1. Conveying good news

2. Conveying bad news
3. Proposing
4. Persuading
5. Informing
6. Brand building
7. Updating
8. Introducing
9. Instructing
10. Motivating
11. Damage control

Different Presentation Postures

1. Facial expressions
2. Eye contact
3. Posture
4. Gestures
5. Position and movement
Email
Emails are a form of computer –mediated Communication in the
form of mails that are sent over internet, to one –or-many recipients.

The importance of emails in business

1. E-mail is used for online communication in business.

2. It can be used in all kinds of businesses and professions.

3. Used to access any kind of public application on the internet.

4. Used to verify people when they subscribed to the news later or

want to download eBooks.

5. E-mail communication is used by businesses to promote products

and services.

6. E-mail is helpful to manage communication in the business

network.

7. Sharing and collaboration can be done through email.

8. Notification and important updates are informed by business to its

customers.

9. Emails are the prime operators for online stores and internet
marketing companies.

10. E-mail marketing is one of the popular digital marketing practices

for business.

11. Private and recorded communication.

E-mail Etiquette

The Dos and Don’ts of Email Communication

The Dos:
a) Double –check the recipient’s email addresses
b) Proofread the email before pressing the “Send” button
c) Use small paragraphs instead of one large paragraph
d) Keep your sentences short and to the point.
e) Request the recipient, if you may, for an acknowledgement mail.
f) Include the original message thread when replying to messages
g) Protect yourself from viruses, spams and e-mails frauds
h) Scan attachments for viruses before sending and/or opening.
i) Include a suitable opening and closing.

The Don’ts:
a) Do NOT use ALL CAPS when composing an email, for CAPITALIZED
text is verbal equivalent of shouting and will offend your reader.
b) Do NOT send confidential data over email. Remember, email
communication are not private.
c) Do NOT use “Request Read Receipt” unless necessary.
d) Do NOT reply to an email when angry. Give yourself a “cooling-off”
period before you compose a reply to an email.
e) Do NOT use complex acronyms and sms language to compose the
email.
f) Do NOT use official email for personal use.
g) Do NOT use weird colours and fancy fonts. Stick to the
conventional when sending formal emails.
h) Do NOT use the “Reply All” feature to congratulate individuals.
i) Do NOT use Bcc too often as it is sneaky old habit and may cause
mistrust.
 MODULE II- E LEARNING

Meaning:
E-learning is a type of learning through internet. It means that
learning that is enabled electronically.

BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS OF E-LEARNING

Benefits;

1. Greater flexibility
E-learning offers greater flexibility when compared with the
conventional way of learning in a traditional classroom
setting. This is because a set schedule is not necessary.

2. 24-hour access
Students can easily access the course content at any
time.

3. Adaptation to the learning pace

Online courses have a duration that is broad enough for students to
be able to finish training at whatever pace they like.

4. Unlimited virtual resources

The majority of online courses have a virtual platform, also known as
a Virtual Campus, where the students have access to all the training
content, where they can get in touch with tutors and mates, where
they can upload their work, etc.

5. Up-to-date content
Course content can be updated immediately. In e-learning
courses, any change can be made at any time so that
students can access information that is always up to date.
6. Reduction of cost
This is true for both the school and for the student.

Disadvantages of E-Learning:

 Online student feedback is limited

 E-Learning can cause social Isolation
 E-Learning requires strong self-motivation and time
management skills
 Lack of communicational skill development in online students
 Cheating prevention during online assessments is complicated
 Online instructors tend to focus on theory rather than practice
 E-Learning lacks face-to-face communication
 E-Learning is limited to certain disciplines
 Online learning is inaccessible to the computer illiterate
population
 Lack of accreditation & quality assurance in online education.

ONLINE EDUCATION
Online education is a form of education which is delivered and
administered using the internet.

KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES ON INTERNET

-E-books
An eBook is an electronic version of a traditional print book
that can be read by using a personal computer or by using
an eBook reader.

-Audio
Anything related to sound in terms of receiving,
transmitting or reproducing or its specific frequency.

-Video
E-learning videos help educators take their courses to the
next level.

E-CONTENT

E-content refers to the content or information delivered over

network based electronic devices.

Features Of E-Content

1. E-content is technologically friendly.

2. E-content is having learner friendly for easy navigation.

3. E-content is learner centric, it is useful in self-instructional model.

4. E-content is also teachers friendly, it is used in various teaching

learning methods such as classroom, lecturing to a group, lab
session.

ONLINE LIBRARIES

Online library simply refers to online data base of digital objects. It

includes images, audio, video, documents etc. It is also known as
digital library, internet library, digital collection etc.

Advantages of Online Libraries:

1. Wide variety of content.
2. Latest and update.
3. 24 hour services.
4. Multiple and simultaneous access.
5. Library management automation.
6. Real time interactions.
7. Save knowledge for future generations.
8. Allow readers to access material on demand.
MOOC

A massive open online course (MOOC) is an online course with the

option of free and open registration, a publicly-shared curriculum,
and open-ended outcomes.

MAJOR TECHNOLOGIES USED IN E-LEARNING

1. Computers, tablets and mobile devices

Computers and tablets allow students and teachers’ access to
websites and other programs, such as Microsoft Word, PowerPoint,
Excel, PDF files, and images. These tools help learners to express
their ideas.

2. Blogging
A blog is a discussion or informational site published on the World
Wide Web.

3. Webcams
A webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams its image in real
time to or through computer network.

4. Whiteboards
A whiteboard is a name for any glossy, usually white surface for non-
permanent markings.

5. Screen casting
A screencast is a digital recording of computer screen output, also
known as a video screen capture.

MODULE III- BUSINESS DATA ANALYSIS

Features of New Generation Computers

Ist Generation: (1940 -1956)
 Vacuum tubes were used in circuits
 These computers are very large in size
 They require a large amount of electricity
 They produce more heat
 They are less revival
 Ex: ENIAC, UNIVAC

IInd Generation: (1940 -1956)

 Vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors in circuits

 Small size as compared to Ist Generation computers
 Less amount of heat Generation
 Less electricity consumption
 Ex.: IBM 350

IIIrd Generation: (1963 -1972)

 Transistors were replaced by I.C. in circuits.

 Small size as compared to IInd Generation computer
 Less amount of heat as compared to IInd Generation computer
 Less electricity consumption
 Faster and more accurate than IInd Generation computer
 Ex.: IBM 360/370

IVth Generation: (1963 -1972)

 LSI and LSVI technologies are used

 LSI- Large scale integration
 LSVI – Very large integration
 Microprocessors are developed
 Apple-II, STAR 1000

Vth Generation: (Present & Beyond)

 It is based on the technique of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
 Computer can understand spoken words
 Scientist are constantly working to increase the processing power
of computers
 They are trying to create a computer with real IQ with the help of
advanced programming and technologies
 Ex.: IBM Watson

Business Data Analysis

Business Data Analysis is the process by which businesses use
statistical methods and technologies for analyzing historical data in
order to gain new insight and improve strategic decision-making.

Data Analyst
Data Analysts are professionals who translate numbers, statistics, and
figures, into understandable values.

Big Data Analysis

Big data analysis is a process of examine large amount of data to
uncover hidden patterns.

Data Mining
It is a process used by companies to turn raw data into useful
information.

Data Modelling
It is a process of analysing the data objects and their relationship to
the other objects.

Structured Data
It means searchable type of data and it is quantitative and it is stored
in data warehouse.

Unstructured Data
It means unsearchable type of data. It is qualitative and it is stored in
data lakes.

Difference between Structured data and unstructured Data:

Structured Data Unstructured Data
1. It is a searchable type of data. 1. It is a native format.
2. It is quantitative. 2. It is qualitative.
3. It is stored in data warehouse. 3. It is stored in data lakes.
4. It is easy to search and 4. It requires more work to
analyse. process and understand.
5. It is predefined format. 5. It is in variety of formats.

Data Quality
The term data quality refers to trustworthiness of data being used.

Components of data quality:

1. Accuracy
2. Completeness
3. Consistency
4. Timeliness.
5. Validity
6. Uniqueness

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence process

by machines, especially computer systems.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in e-business

AI can help businesses

1. To increase sales,
2. To detect fraud,
3. To improve customer experience,
4. To automate work processes
5. To provide predictive analysis. ...
6. Financial services can benefit from AI-based process automation
and fraud detection.
7. Logistics companies can use AI for better inventory and delivery
management.

MODULE IV – SOCIO -CYBER INFORMATICS

IT AND SOCIETY
Information technology is the use of any computers, storage,
networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes
to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic
data. Typically, IT used in the context of business operations as
opposed to technology used for personal or entertainment purpose.
The commercial use of IT encompasses both computer technology
and telecommunication.

Social and Ethical Issues of IT

1. Privacy and freedom.
2. Internet and privacy.
3. Information system and intellectual property.
4. Accountability, liability and control.
5. The quality of time.
6. Health problems.
7. Computer crime.
8. Computer abuse.
9. Security of information.
10. System quality and related issues.

Digital Divide
The digital divide refers to the gap between those who benefits from
the digital age and those who don’t.

Factors that contribute to the digital divide:

1. Gender
2. Age
3. Family structure
4. Physical disability.
5. Physical access.
6. Lack of IT skill and support.
7. Motivation.
8. Relevant content.

Effects of digital Divide

1. Economical inequality.
2. Effect on education.
3. Democracy.
4. Economic growth.
5. Social mobility.

Digital Native
A person born or brought up in the age of digital technology.

Cyber space
It refers to a concept describing a widespread interconnected digital
technology.

Cyber Ethics
It is a philosophic study of ethics pertaining to computers.

Some of the major issues that led to the concept of cyber

ethics include:

 Copyrighting or Downloading
 Crime and Punishment
 Internet Hacking
 Cyberbullying

CYBER-CRIMES
Cybercrime is criminal activity that either targets or uses a computer,
a computer network or a networked device.

Types of Cyber Crimes

1. Email and internet fraud.

2. Identity fraud
3. Theft of financial or card payment data.
4. Theft and sale of corporate data.
5. Cyberextortion (demanding money to prevent a threatened
attack).
6. Cyberespionage (where hackers access government or company
data).

Examples of cybercrime

1. Malware attacks
A malware attack is where a computer system or network
is infected with a computer virus or other type of
malware.

2. Phishing
It is a fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from
reputable companies.

3. Distributed DoS attacks

Distributed DoS attacks (DDoS) are a type of cybercrime
attack that cybercriminals use to bring down a system or
network.

Cyber Law:
Cyber Law is any law that applies to the internet and internet related
technologies. Cyber law is the one of the newest area of the legal
system. Cyber law has also been referred to as the law of internet.

Objectives of Information Technology Act:

1. To provide legal recognition for all e-transactions

2. To give legal recognition to digital signatures.
3. To give legal recognition to keeping accounting books in electronic
form by bankers as well as other organizations
4. Protection of online privacy and stopping cybercrimes.
5. To give legal sanction for electronic transfer of fund between
banks.
6. Facilitate the electronic filing of documents.
7. Facilitate electronic storage of data.

Cyber Addiction

It is a growing problem. It means excessive computer use. It is also

known as internet addiction.

Information overload

It means excess of information available to a person aiming to

complete a task or make a decision.

Health Issues of Cyber addiction:

Physical Problems

1. Repetitive Strain Injury:

2. Computer Vision Syndrome:
3. Radiation
4. Sleeping Disorders and Decrease in Productivity
5. Loss of Attention and Stress
6. Computers And Printers Problems Due To
Inactivity.

Psychological Problems:

1. Fear of technology
2. Computer anxiety
3. Internet addiction

Green Computing:

It is the environmentally responsible and eco-friendly use of

computer and their resources.

E-Waste

It is the electronic product that are unwanted, not working, and

nearing or at the end of their useful life.

E-Governance

E-Governance is defined as the usage of information and

communication technology by the government to provide
government services.

Types of Government Interaction in e-governance

1. G2G: Government to Government
2. G2B: Government to Business
3. G2C: Government to Citizen
4. G2E: Government to Employee.

MODULE V – DIGITAL MARKETING

Meaning:
Digital marketing is the component of marketing that uses internet
and online based digital technologies for marketing.

Advantages of digital marketing:

1. Global reach - a website allows you to find new markets and trade
globally for only a small investment.
2. Lower cost - a properly planned and well targeted digital
marketing campaign can reach the right customers at a much lower
cost than traditional marketing methods.
3. Track able, measurable results - measuring your online marketing
with web analytics and other online metric tools makes it easier to
establish how effective your campaign has been.
4. Personalization - if your customer database is linked to your
website, then whenever someone visits the site, you can greet them
with targeted offers.
5. Openness - by getting involved with social media and managing it
carefully, you can build customer loyalty and create a reputation for
being easy to engage with.
6. Social currency - digital marketing lets you create engaging
campaigns using content marketing tactics.
7. Improved conversion rates - if you have a website, then your
customers are only ever a few clicks away from making a purchase.

Disadvantage of digital Marketing:

1. Skills and training - You will need to ensure that your staff have
the right knowledge and expertise to carry out digital marketing with
success.
2. Time consuming - tasks such as optimising online advertising
campaigns and creating marketing content can take up a lot of time.
3. High competition - while you can reach a global audience with
digital marketing, you are also up against global competition.
4. Complaints and feedback - any negative feedback or criticism of
your brand is can be visible to your audience through social media
and review websites.
5. Security and privacy issues - there are a number of legal
considerations around collecting and using customer data for digital
marketing purposes.

Business models in digital marketing (Sure Essay)

1. B2B
2. B2C
3. C2C
4. B2E
5. B2G

1) Business to Business (B2B)

Business-to-business – “B2B” – refers to commerce between two
businesses rather than to commerce between a business and an
individual consumer.

2) Business to Customer (B2C)

B2C is an acronym for "business-to-consumer." A B2C
business is one that sells products or services directly to the
consumer.

3) Customer to Customer (C2C)

C2C, customer to customer, or consumer to consumer, is a
business model that facilitates the transaction of products or services
between customers. Consumer to consumer, or C2C, is the business
model that facilitates commerce between private individuals.

4) Business to Employees (B2E)

An approach in which the focus of business is the employee, rather
than the consumer or other businesses. The B2E approach grew out
of the ongoing shortage of information technology (IT) workers.
5) Business to Government (B2G)
A business model that refers to businesses selling products, services
or information to governments or government agencies. B2G
networks or models provide a way for businesses to bid on
government projects or products that governments might purchase
or need for their organizations.

Online Advertising:

Online advertising simply refers to the advertising through electronic

devices or internet.

Types of Online Advertising:

1. Native Advertising: This term is associated with more

unconventional online advertising. In other words, it uses a strategy
which shies away from banner formats or sponsored content in an
attempt to win a user’s trust by offering them solutions to their
problems.

2. SEM (Search Engine Marketing): With this type of campaign, the

goal is to achieve increased brand awareness in a very short amount
of time.

3. Display Advertising: Among the more ‘visual’online advertising

formats are display ads. They are called this because they, generally,
contain images or videos and are published on designated places
within any given website.

4. Mobile Advertising: It means advertising through mobile

platforms.

5. Social Ads: Social media is an incredibly important part our

everyday lives; it is made up of channels through when people
connect multiple times a day and where they frequently
communicate, share and give opinions. Creating ad campaigns on
these platforms, therefore, is necessary for generating brand
awareness and for acquiring potential new clients.

6. Retargeting and Remarketing: Reminding repeat customers/users

who have shown interest in your company is a solid strategy for
making conversions. Remarketing works to make banner appear on
the whichever website those who have previously visited the website
are actively visiting.

7. Email Marketing: This format of marketing isn’t anything new but

it has resurfaced with a renewed potency.

8. Digital Signage:
To put a definition with the name, we could say that this is the
technological evolution of traditional outdoor advertising.

9. Videos Marketing: Video content is an incredibly entertaining

resource for users.
PPC (PAY PER CLICK) ADVERTISING
PPC is an online advertising model in which advertisers pay each time
a user clicks on one of their online ads.

SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNELS AND ADS

Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms to
connect with your audience to build your brand, increase sales, and
drive website traffic.

All THE BEST

Prepared by: Jubair Majeed Poyilil

Rahul Murali