FAIRFIELD INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM LAB

PACTICAL FILE

SUBJECT CODE- BCA(176)

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-

MS. JYOTI CHANDAN KUMAR

ASST. PROFESSOR JHA
IT DEPARTMENT
FIMT
 1. Give description about E-R diagram with all terminology in pictorial form.

2. Write queries to execute following DDL commands :

 CREATE

 ALTER.

 DROP
3. Write queries to execute following DML commands :

 INSERT: Insert five records in each table.

 UPDATE

 DELETE
4. Write the queries to execute DCL commands.

5. Create table using following integrity constraints:

 Primary Key

 Unique Key

 Not Null

 Foreign Key
6. Write queries to execute following Aggregate functions

 Sum, Avg, Count, Minimum and Maximum

7. Write the queries to execute following clauses:

 Group By

 Having
8. Differentiate IS NULL and IS NOT NULL by applying onto table.

9. Apply following logical operators onto the table:

 BETWEEN, IN, AND, OR and NOT

10. Take two tables and show following results:

 Intersection

 Union

 Set Difference
11. Apply Selection and Projection relational operation on table and generate output.

12. Retrieve data from more than one table using inner join, left outer, right outer and
 full outer Joins.
13. Create index and View on a table in DBMS.

1: Give description about E-R diagram with all terminology in pictorial form.
+------------------+ +--------------+

| Student | | Course |

+------------------+ +--------------+

| Student ID (PK) | | Course ID |

| Name | | Title |

| Age | | Credits |

+------------------+ +--------------+

| |

| |

| +---------------------+ |

+---| Enrollment |---+

+---------------------+

| Enroll ID (PK) |

| Student ID (FK) |

| Course ID (FK) |

+---------------------+

2. Write queries to execute following DDL commands :

 CREATE

 ALTER.

 DROP
 Create:

CREATE TABLE company.employees (

id INT,

name VARCHAR(50),

age INT

);

Alter:

ALTER TABLE company.employees

ADD salary DECIMAL(10,2);

Drop:

DROP TABLE company.employees;

3: Write queries to execute following DML commands : • INSERT: Insert five records
in each table. • UPDATE • DELETE
INSERT:

INSERT INTO employees (id, name, age)

VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 30),

(2, 'Jane Smith', 28),

(3, 'Michael Johnson', 35),

(4, 'Emily Davis', 32),

(5, 'Robert Brown', 29);

UPDATE:

UPDATE employees

SET age = 31

WHERE id = 1;
 DELETE:

DELETE FROM employees

WHERE id = 3;

4: Write the queries to execute DCL commands

GRANT:

GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON employees TO user1;

REVOKE:

REVOKE SELECT ON employees FROM user1;

5 : Create table using following integrity constraints: • Primary Key • Unique Key •
Not Null • Foreign Key

PRIMARY KEY:

CREATE TABLE employees (

id INT PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR(50),

age INT

);

UNIQUE KEY:

CREATE TABLE students (

student_id INT UNIQUE,

name VARCHAR(50),

age INT

);
 NOT NULL KEY:

CREATE TABLE products (

id INT,

name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,

price DECIMAL(10,2)

);

FOREIGN KEY:

CREATE TABLE customers (

customer_id INT PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR(50),

email VARCHAR(50)

);

CREATE TABLE orders (

order_id INT PRIMARY KEY,

order_date DATE,

customer_id INT,

FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(customer_id)

);

6 : Write queries to execute following Aggregate functions • Sum, Avg, Count,

Minimum and Maximum
SUM:

SELECT SUM(quantity) AS total_quantity

FROM sales;

AVG:
 SELECT AVG(price) AS average_price

FROM products;

COUNT:

SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_customers

FROM customers;

MINIMUM:

SELECT MIN(age) AS min_age

FROM employees;

MAXIMUM:

SELECT MAX(salary) AS max_salary

FROM employees;

7 : Write the queries to execute following clauses: • Group By • Having

GROUP BY:

SELECT category, SUM(quantity) AS total_quantity

FROM sales

GROUP BY category;

HAVING:

SELECT category, SUM(quantity) AS total_quantity

FROM sales

GROUP BY category

HAVING SUM(quantity) > 100;

8 : Differentiate IS NULL and IS NOT NULL by applying onto table.

name Salary

John 3000

Mary null

adam 5000
 IS NULL:

SELECT *

FROM employees

WHERE salary IS NULL;

IS NOT NULL:

SELECT *

FROM employees

WHERE salary IS NOT NULL;

9 : Apply following logical operators onto the table: • BETWEEN, IN, AND, OR and
NOT

id name price

1 Laptop 1000

2 Phone 500

3 Tablet 800

4 Tv 1500

5 headphone 100
 BETWEEN:

SELECT *

FROM products

WHERE price BETWEEN 500 AND 1000;

IN:

SELECT *

FROM products

WHERE name IN ('Laptop', 'Phone');

AND:

SELECT *

FROM products

WHERE price > 800 AND name = 'Tablet';

OR:

SELECT *

FROM products

WHERE price < 200 OR name = 'TV';

NOT:

SELECT *

FROM products

WHERE price <> 100;

10 : Take two tables and show following results .Intersection • Union • Set
Difference
 Id name

1 John

2 Mary

3 Adam

4 Emily

id name

3 Adam

4 Emily

5 Sarah

6 Michael

INTERSECTION:

SELECT *

FROM table1

INTERSECT

SELECT *

FROM table2;

id name

3 Adam

4 Emily

UNION:

SELECT *

FROM table1

UNION

SELECT *
 FROM table2;

id name

1 John

2 Mary

3 Adam

4 Emily

5 Sarah

6 Michael

SET DIFFERENCE:

SELECT *

FROM table1

EXCEPT

SELECT *

FROM table2;

id name

1 John

2 Mary

11 : Apply Selection and Projection relational operation on table and generate

output.
Employee First name Last department salary
id name

1 john smith engineering 5000

2 Mary Johnson hr 4000

3 David miller engineering 6000

4 Sarah Davis sales 4500

 SELECTION:

SELECT *

FROM employees

WHERE department = 'Engineering';

Employee id Fist name Last name department salary

1 john smith engineering 5000

3 David miller engineering 6000

PROJECTION:

SELECT first_name, salary

FROM employees;

First name salary

John 5000

Mary 4000

David 6000

Sarah 4500

12 : Retrieve data from more than one table using inner join, left outer, right outer
and full outer Joins.
id name city

1 John smith New York

2 Mary Johnson London

3 David miller Sydney

Order id customer total

1001 1 500
1002 2 700

1003 1 300

1004 3 900

INNER JOIN:

SELECT customers.Name, orders.OrderID, orders.Total

FROM customers

INNER JOIN orders ON customers.ID = orders.Customer;

name Oder id total

John smith 1001 500

Mary Johnson 1002 700

John smith 1003 300

David miller 1004 900

LEFT OUTER JOIN:

SELECT customers.Name, orders.OrderID, orders.Total

FROM customers

LEFT JOIN orders ON customers.ID = orders.Customer;

name Oder id total

John smith 1001 500

Mary Johnson 1002 700

John smith 1003 300

David miller 1004 900

 RIGHT OUTER JOIN:

SELECT customers.Name, orders.OrderID, orders.Total

FROM customers

RIGHT JOIN orders ON customers.ID = orders.Customer;

Name

13 :Create index and View on a table in DBMS.

CREATING AN INDX:

CREATE INDEX index_name

ON table_name (column_name);

CREATE INDEX idx_customers_city

ON customers (City);

CREATING A VIEW:

CREATE VIEW view_name AS

SELECT column1, column2, ...

FROM table_name

WHERE condition;

CREATE VIEW view_customers AS

SELECT ID, Name, City

FROM customers;