MT/CS/10001/24 CSE 1ST SEM INTRODUCTION Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services such as storage, processing power, and software over the internet, allowing users to access and manage data and applications from anywhere, without the need for local hardware or infrastructure. It offers scalable, on-demand resources, enabling businesses and individuals to store, process, and analyze large amounts of data efficiently and cost-effectively. Key benefits include flexibility, scalability, and reduced IT overhead, making it a critical technology for modern digital solutions. RESOURCE POOLING Resource Pooling is a key characteristic of cloud computing where multiple clients share a pool of computing resources such as CPU, memory, storage, and network bandwidth. These resources are dynamically allocated and reassigned based on demand. The cloud provider uses multi-tenant models, ensuring that each user has isolated access while optimizing resource utilization. This enables scalability, cost efficiency, and flexibility, as resources are allocated based on real-time requirements, reducing the need for dedicated infrastructure. ON-DEMAND SELF-SERVICES It allows users to provision and manage computing resources (such as servers, storage, and networks) automatically, without requiring human intervention from the service provider. Users can scale up or down based on their needs, ensuring flexibility and cost- efficiency. This characteristic empowers businesses and individuals to quickly deploy and adjust their infrastructure without delays. EASY MAINTAINANCE Cloud computing offers easy maintenance by ensuring that software updates, security patches, and system upgrades are automatically managed by cloud service providers. This reduces the burden on users, allowing them to focus on their core business activities while the provider handles the upkeep of infrastructure, applications, and data. Additionally, cloud platforms enable seamless scalability and fault tolerance, ensuring minimal downtime and continuous availability. LARGE NETWORK ACCESS It allows users to access cloud resources over a broad network, typically the internet, from anywhere. This enables seamless connectivity across various devices—desktops, laptops, smartphones—making cloud services available on- demand and accessible globally. AVAILABILITY Availability refers to the ability of cloud services to be accessible and operational whenever required. Cloud providers ensure high availability through redundancy, failover mechanisms, and geographically distributed data centers, allowing continuous access and minimizing downtime. This characteristic ensures that users can access their applications and data from anywhere at any time, fostering reliability and seamless business operations. AUTOMATIC SYSTEM An automatic system in cloud computing enables seamless management, scaling, and maintenance of resources without human intervention. Through automation, the cloud dynamically monitors and adjusts resources based on demand, ensuring optimal performance and resource efficiency. This self-managing capability enhances reliability and reduces operational overhead, allowing users to focus on applications rather than infrastructure. ECONOMICAL Cloud computing reduces the need for organizations to invest in expensive hardware and infrastructure. By using a pay-as-you-go model, it allows businesses to only pay for the resources they use, leading to significant cost savings and optimized spending. This flexibility makes cloud services more affordable and accessible, especially for smaller organizations. SECURITY Security in cloud computing ensures data protection, compliance, and user trust. Providers offer data encryption, identity and access management, and threat detection. Compliance with standards like GDPR is maintained through audits, while physical security measures and continuous monitoring help protect against breaches. A shared responsibility model further strengthens resilience and security. PAY AS YOU GO It is enabling users to pay only for the resources they actually consume. This model avoids upfront infrastructure costs and allows for cost- effective scaling, as users can adjust resources based on current demand. Charges are typically calculated by usage metrics like CPU hours, storage space, or network bandwidth, providing flexibility and transparency in resource management. MEASURED SERVICE In cloud computing, "Measured Service" refers to the ability to track and monitor the usage of cloud resources. It allows for resource consumption to be metered and billed based on usage, similar to a pay- as-you-go model. This characteristic ensures that customers only pay for what they use, optimizing cost and scalability. It supports dynamic resource allocation, allowing services to automatically scale up or down based on demand. THANK YOU