HAWASSA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NATURAL AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS
Max. point: 50%
Time Allowed:2hrs

Introduction to Probability Final Exam for 3rd Mathematics Education Students.

Name: _____________________________________

ID. Number: ________________ Section: _______

General Instructions

 First of all, write your name and identification number before passing to the
next page.
 Try to check whether your exam paper contains 10 pages or not, including
cover page.
 Any type of cheating during the exam will results “F” grade, so restrict
yourself from cheating.
 Switch off your mobile.
 Using Mobile for calculation propose is not allowed
 If the space provided is not enough, you can use the back page of the paper.

Part I Part II Part Part Part Part Total

III IV V VI (70%)

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PART I: WRITE TRUE OR FALSE IN THE BLANK SPACE PROVIDED (5pts)

__________1. If p XY ( x , y ) is the joint probability distribution of two discrete random variable X

and Y, the ∑ p XY (x , y ) gives the marginal probability distribution of the random variable X.
x

__________2. E ( cX +d ) =cE( x), where c and d are constants and X is a discrete random
variable.

__________ 3. If f XY (x , y) is the joint probability distribution of two continuous random

∞

variable X and Y, the ∫ f ( x , y ) dy gives the marginal probability density function of the random
−∞

variable X.

__________ 4. Let X and Y be independent random variables. Then, Cov (X, Y) = 0.

__________5.Classical probability is uses the sample space to determine the numerical

probability that an event will happen.

PART II: Match Each Statement in Column “A ” From the Letter of the Expression in
Column “B” for Which the Expression is the Best Answer(8 pts)

A B
___ _ 1. The result of a single trial of a random experiment A. Equally likely event

_ _ _ 2. Set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment. B. Tree Diagram

__ __3. One or more outcome of a probability Experiment C. Outcome

__ _4.All the events in the sample space except D. Mutually Exclusive

the given events Event

____5. Two events which cannot happen at the same time. E. Range Space

____ 6. Events that have the same probability of occurring. F. Sample Space

____ 7. To list the outcomes of the sequence of events, G. Complement event

a useful device H. Independent Event

____ 8.The set of all possible values of the random variable X I. Event

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 J. Random Variable

Part III: Fill the following blank spaces by appropriate words/ sentences(6pts)

1. __________________________is a sample space which consists of a finite number of

elements.
2. ___________________________is a formula, a table, a graph or other devices used to
specify all possible values of the discrete random variable X along with their respective
probabilities.
3. ___________________ Function that associates a real number with each element in the
sample space.
4. In order to calculate probabilities, we have to know:
_____________________________ and ______________________
5. Let X and Y be two random variables defined on the sample space S , then the function
( X , Y ) that assigns a point in (R2=R x R), is called______________________
6. __________________________can be used to find the probability of two or more
events that occur in sequence.

PART IV: Attempt all the questions with legible hand writing.

1. Explain and give example about the following

a. Deterministic and Non deterministic model(3pts)

b. Discrete and Continuous random Variable(3pts)

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2. State at least two properties of cumulative distribution function of one dimensional
random variable(1.5pts)

3. Write at least three Properties of correlation(1.5pts)

4. Write Limitation of classical approach(1.5pts)

5. Axioms of Probability(3pts)

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PART V: Choose a correct alternative for the following questions and Put your answers in
the respective blacken rectangle. (5pts)

1) Suppose that random variable Y has E(Y ) = 2 and E(Y 2) = 5.6, then Var (Y )will be
_______
A. 3.6 B. 1.6 C. 7.6 D. 2.6 E. Impossible to compute

2) For a continuous random variable X the probability of the random variable at a single
value is __________
A. 1 B. 0 C. 0.5 D. none
3) F XY (∞ , ∞) =__________ A. 1 B. 0 C. ∞ D. None

4) If X ∧Y are independent ,then what is E ( XY ) ? __________

A. XE(Y) B. YE(X) C. E(X)E(Y) D. None

5) F XY (−∞ , Y )= __________ A. 1 B. 0 C. ∞ D. -∞

Part VI. Work out (Show all necessary steps)

1. If a test consists of ten multiple choice questions with each permitting four possible
answers, how many ways are there in which a student give his answers? Out of these how
many ways are there in which all the answers will be correct?(3pts)

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2. Suppose that a large number of containers of candy are made up of two types, say A and B.
Type A contains 70% sweet and 30% sour ones while for type those percent’s are reversed.
Furthermore, suppose that 60% of all candy jars are of type A, while the remain are of type
B. If you are given a jar of unknown type and draw one pieces of candy;(3pts)
a. What is the probability that it is type A given that it sweet?

b. What is the probability that it is type B given that it sweet?

3. A sample space describing a three children family is as follows:

S = {bbb, bbg, bgb, gbb, bgg, gbg, ggb, ggg}, and assume that all eight outcomes are
equally likely to occur. Next, let X be the random variable denoting the number of girls in
such a family. Then: (3 pts)
i) Determine the set of all possible values of X.

ii) Determine the p m f of X.

iii) Calculate the probabilities: P(X ≥ 2), P(X ≤ 2).

iv) Find the cdf of X.

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4. Let X be a random variable with the cumulative distribution function given below.
Find its probability density function. (2pts)

{
0 , x <0
2 5
F ( x )= x + x , 0 ≤ x <1
2
1,x ≥1

5. Let X be a continuous random variable with pdf :

{
(1/2) x , 0≤ x <1
1 /2 , 1≤ x <2
f ( x )= −1
( )2
3
x + , 2 ≤ x <3
2
0 ,otherwise

a) Determine F ( x ) , the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of X(2pts)

6. Suppose X is a continuous random variable with p d f (4pts)

{
f ( x )= 2 x , 0< x <1
0 , otherwise

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 Let Y=H(x)=2x+1. Find the p d f of Y = H(X)

Let H(x)=e− x. Find the p d f of Y=e− x.

7. Suppose the point probability density function (PDF) is given by

{
6
f ( x , y )= 5
( x + y 2 ) ; 0 ≤ x ≤1 , 0 ≤ y ≤ 1
0 ,other wise
a. Obtain the marginal PDF of X and Y (2pts)
b. Find the conditional distribution of Y given X. (1.5pts)
1 1
c. p(Y > ∨X = ) (1.5pts)
2 2

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8. The joint probability mass function of (X,Y) is given by (1.5pts each)
p ( x , y )=K ( 3 x +3 y ) ; x=0 ,1 , 2 , y =1, 2 , 3
a. Find the value of K
b. Find the marginal probability distribution of X.
c. Find the marginal probability distribution of Y
d. Find the conditional distribution of X given Y = 2
e. Find the conditional distribution of Y given X=1

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9. Let the random variable X and Y have the following joint probability density function
f ( x , y )=2−x − y ; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , 0≤ y ≤1
a. Find E ( x )∧E( y) (2pts)
b. Find Var ( x )∧Var ( y )(2pts)
c. Find cov (x , y) (2pts)
d. Find the correlation coefficient of X and Y and interpret the result(2pts)

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