FABRICATION OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM 2023-24

ABSTRACT

Air conditioning units or the air conditioners are used in everyday life to cool the air around us.
They are a very common consumer electronic device. Inside the air conditioner, refrigeration of
some special gases takes place to give out cool air, much like in refrigerators. The air conditioner
uses the simple principle that while changing from liquid state to gaseous state, the substance gives
out heat. To send out, cold air, the air conditioner has special substance which is used as a
refrigerant. This substance is evaporated and condensed continuously to give out cool air. This
process takes place in the closed condition inside the unit.

There is a proper mechanism to pass the heat generated during this process out of the machine
from the other end. In centralized air conditioners, there is a duct system to channel hot air away
and keep the system from heating inside. The fan is also provided for the same reason. A
compressor is also fitted inside the machine to convert the gas back to liquid. The compressor
basically creates high pressure and converts the gas back to liquid so that the process continues
and the temperature remains controlled. Thus, the refrigerant constantly maintains the indoor
temperature and the inside temperature of the system is also controlled.

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Contents
CERTIFICATE ...............................................................................................................................................
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................................
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER-1 .................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................3
1.2 TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM .............................................................................4
1.3 PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ..........................................................................6
CHAPTER-2 .................................................................................................................................................8
LITERATURE SURVEY .............................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER-3 ...............................................................................................................................................11
FABRICATION OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ..............................................................................11
3.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE ............................................................................................................11
CHAPTER-4 ...............................................................................................................................................13
4.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ..............................................................................................13
4.2 UTILITIES REQURIED ...........................................................................................................14
4.3 PROCEDURE............................................................................................................................14
4.4 OBSERVATION .......................................................................................................................15
4.6 CALCULATION ........................................................................................................................16
4.7 RESULT ..................................................................................................................................17
4.8 PROBABLE RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS .......................................................................17
CHAPTER-5 ...............................................................................................................................................18
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER-6 ...............................................................................................................................................19
6.1 ADVANTAGES ..........................................................................................................................19
6.2 DISADVANTAGES.....................................................................................................................20
6.3 APPLICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................20
CHAPTER-7 ...............................................................................................................................................24
CONCLUSIONS .........................................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................25

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CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
HVAC stands for “heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.” A HVAC system may do
all these tasks or primarily focus on doing one of them. These systems are designed to create
optimal indoor temperature and improved air quality, creating environments that are
comfortable to work, live, and play in. Installing and maintaining these systems is vital for
buildings to be safe and energy efficient.

One of the main reasons why HVAC systems are so important, particularly for building
managers, is that heating/cooling costs are likely to be one of the biggest ongoing costs for any
building. This means having inefficient systems that are wasting energy, or alternatively,
having complex features that are unnecessary can mean buildings aren’t optimized for what
they need.

Air conditioning is the process of removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied
space to improve the comfort of occupants. Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and
commercial environments. This process is most commonly used to achieve a more comfortable
interior environment, typically for humans.

1.1 HVAC SYSTEM

Nowadays, the supermarket is a high-volume food sales outlet with maximum storage
turnover. Most food products need to be kept under certain ambient temperature and relative
humidity during operation hours. These foods are displayed in highly particular and flexible
refrigerated display cabinets. Most of the retail food can be spoiled unless refrigerated.
These foods include meat, dairy products, frozen food, ice-cream and frozen desserts, and
different individual items such as bakery and deli products and cooked meals. When a
refrigerated display case operates in the supermarket environment, it exchanges heat and
moisture within its environment.
The moisture exchange between the display case and the store environment is the most
troublesome part of this event due to an increase in energy requirement to maintain a
satisfactory temperature within the display case. Nevertheless, maintaining a low relative
humidity in the store environment requires an air-conditioning system with satisfactory
performance characteristics.

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This may be quite expensive with high operating cost. On the other hand, the operating cost of
the display cases will be lower due to less latent load on the refrigeration coil, fewer defrosts
to be required and less anti-sweat heater operation.
Higher store relative humidity will result in lower operating cost of the air- conditioning
equipment resulting in higher condensation on the display case walls, products and further frost
on the evaporator coils.

1.2 TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Different types of air conditioning systems are explained below:

A. Window Air Conditioner

This system is technically called a "unitary" air conditioning system and consists of a
self-contained air-conditioning unit that is placed in a window or through a hole in an exterior
wall. Since adding holes in your homes outside walls are not a really good idea, these units are
almost always placed in a window. The unitary system has all the refrigeration components on
one compact box. It ejects heat out one end and blows cooled air out the other end.

B. Split Air Conditioner

In a split-system, an outdoor metal cabinet contains the condenser and compressor, and
an indoor cabinet contains the evaporator. In many split-system air conditioners, this indoor
cabinet also contains a furnace or the indoor part of a heat pump. The air conditioner’s
evaporator coil is installed in the cabinet or main supply duct of this furnace or heat pump. If
your home already has a furnace but no air conditioner, a split-system is the most economical
central air conditioner to install.

i) Central Air Conditioner

In a central air conditioner, the evaporator, condenser, and compressor are all located
in one cabinet, which usually is placed on a roof or on a concrete slab next to the house’s
foundation. This type of air conditioner also is used in small commercial buildings. Air supply
and return ducts come from indoors through the home’s exterior wall or roof to connect with
the packaged air conditioner, which is usually located outdoors. Packaged air conditioners often

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include electric heating coils or a natural gas furnace. This combination of air conditioner and
central heater eliminates the need for a separate furnace indoors.

ii) Portable Air Conditioner

This system is another flavour of the unitary air conditioning system. The portable air
conditioner consists of a mobile self-contained air-conditioning unit that is placed on the floor
inside a room and discharges exhaust heat using a hose vent through an exterior wall. Portable
air conditioning units are a bit noisier than other types of units and can typically cool rooms
under 500 Sq. Ft. These units are a solution to those stubborn hot rooms that may exist even
with central air conditioning. Like the window air conditioner, the portable unitary system has
all the refrigeration components on one compact box. It also ejects heat out one end and blow
cooled air out the other end.

iii) Unitary Air Conditioning Systems

These systems should generally be limited to loads less than 100 tons. Unitary systems
are packaged in self-contained or split configurations. Self-contained units incorporate
components for cooling or cooling and heating in one apparatus. Thermostatic expansion
valves are preferred over capillary tubes and orifices for refrigerant control when available as
a manufacturer's option since expansion valves provide better superheat control over a wide
range of operating conditions. Split systems may include the following configurations:
a) Direct expansion coil and supply fan combined with a remote compressor and condensing
coil
b) Direct expansion coil, supply fan, and compressor combined with a remote condenser,
cooling tower, or ground-loop system. These systems generally have lower first cost than
central systems but may have higher life cycle costs. If part load operation is anticipated for a
majority of equipment operating life, consider multiple unitary equipment for superior
operating efficiencies and added reliability. Refer to ASHRAE Handbook, Equipment for size
and selection criteria.

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1.3 PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Portable air conditioner is an innovation product originally from standard air

conditioner that is limited to be used in room or inside building. Then, it is design to make it
easier to move from one place to another. This product design looks like a decoration tree which
people mostly use it as a decoration in outdoor event such as wedding and talk. As we all notice
that Malaysia has a tropical rainforest climate due to its proximity to the equator. It is hot and
humid country all year round, with an average temperature of 27 °C (80.6 °F) and almost no
variability in the yearly temperature. Mostly Malaysians are finding a way to get comfort
especially during day event.
This portable air conditioner can help them to produce comfortable environment in the
hot day. Besides, they do not have to depend to conventional fan that still producing warm air
but this portable will give cold air same as normal air conditioner that in close room. This
portable air conditioner is equipped with photo.

Sensor that can sense the existence of people in front of it and it will automatically
switch off if there is no people and it will turn on back if it detects people crossing or standing
in front of it. This will make people easier rather than switching on or off manually especially
in the busy event. It is also economizing the electricity when the usage is continuously without
people using it which lead to waste the energy. The present of air conditioner is difficult to
install specially to fit in outdoor environment.

This product is design with wheel which make it easier to move and install. With the
simplest installation procedure, anyone can easily install the air conditioner to wherever they
are desired. The evolution of an industry and its impact on society often make an interesting

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study. Take portable air conditioning: Introduced to America in 1983 by Denso, a Japanese
manufacturer of automotive products, portable air conditioning was first designed to cool
workers on the assembly line. Initially distributed through the traditional air conditioning
wholesale supply channel, it achieved marginal success in the early years.
American industry had little interest in such an expensive solution, and only a handful
of companies adopted this method for worker comfort. Most sales in those first years consisted
of stock orders from the wholesaler. Few end user orders were placed. With excess inventory
in stock, wholesaler reorders were scarce. It wasn’t ‘t long before some adjustments needed to
be made to the distribution channel to jump start sales. The decision was made to establish a
network of direct-sales outlets that specialized in portable air conditioning and sold directly to
the marketplace.
This proved to be much more successful than traditional wholesale-distribution. Sales
to the end user improved, but it was good timing that proved to be the most influential element
to the success of the industry. That timing relates to the explosion of the minicomputer that
began in the mid-1980s, during.
In Air conditioner the only source of power is a 23-watt fan which needs less energy
than the electric bulb in your room and can be run for a virtually unlimited period on an inverter
or a car battery to bring down the room temperature by at least seven degrees centigrade. Apart
from being a permanent standby against power breakdowns in the homes of the elite in
metropolitan cities, it would be an ideal cooling device for small towns and villages throughout
the country that usually have an indifferent supply of electricity. Its movability from room to
room makes it most suited to small hotels, guest houses and nursing homes that rarely have
wall air conditioners or hundred percent occupancy.

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CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE SURVEY
Shahi Satyam et., al [1] Presented paper on Air conditioning. It is a simultaneous control of
temperature, humidity, cleanliness and air motion depending upon the requirement, air
conditioning is divided into summer air conditioning and winter air conditioning. Air
conditioner conditions the air, transport it, and introduce it to the conditioned space. It provides
heating and cooling of air. The portable Air conditioner system should satisfy the need of user
at the most economical cost. The selection of system depends upon many factors. It could be
only a relief in temperature or complete control of environment. It could be lowest first cost or
lowest running cost.

Franck LUCAAS et., al [2] Because of their low cost, small air conditioning systems (AC)
like split air conditioning systems are often installed without a proper study of building
envelope performance. They also take into account the climatic conditions and provide an
estimate of the annual electricity consumption related to the cooling of the zone. This global
analysis helps to qualify the entire system by assigning an energy label. In addition to the tool,
a diagnostic procedure is proposed, helping an auditor defining guidance to improve the
building envelope and to install and maintain the system. Guidance to improve the building
envelope and to install and maintain the system. Buildings account for over 42% of
consumption of final energy in France and between 20 and 40% in other developed countries.
Perez Lombard reports that the share of HVAC system for heating ventilation and air
conditioning has now become the largest energy end use in the residential and non-residential
sector. Wong estimates that its represents one third of the total energy consumption for
residential housings in Hong Kong.

Akusu O.M et., al [3] This project study is applicable to the field of heating, ventilation and
air conditioning. The design and construction of a split unit air conditioner was carried out to
achieve a suitable comfort in an office environment. After a study of existing air-conditioners
and survey for availability of materials, the design concept of the split unit air-conditioner was
achieved. The portable air conditioner is based on air water system, in this system the room
unit is supplied with both processed air and chilled water. Conventional Air conditioners
satisfies that need but they are not affordable to everybody.

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Garud Akhilesh Ravindra et., al [4] Presented paper on Heat as always been a problem in
every country such as India. Doing work in a hot summer day can be tiring and are prone to
make silly and unwanted mistakes. A proper mini air conditioner would be good item to have
during these times. When doing work or event, the place could become stuffy and
uncomfortable for technician or engineer. However, air conditioners are mostly marketed as
fix and hard to change places portable air conditioners are dime a dozen but somehow are very
expensive to have. In this project, we aim to make a portable air conditioner that is affordable
and reliably cool small confined for a limited amount of time and space.

Jaan Selg et., al [5] present paper on make a proposal for a mini air condition that uses existing
technology. We will also consider found opportunities according to user insight. So why would
you need an air condition and who uses it? In Sweden air conditioners are not as common as in
warmer parts of the world. In those areas, AC’s are a necessity for daily life. It’s a guarantee
for a comfortable indoor climate. What is good about portable AC’s is that you can just take it
away when you don’t have a need for it anymore. For example, here in Sweden, you might
only use it for some months and then store it away. A portable AC suits people that rent their
house or apartment, meaning they can’t do a permanent installation of an AC. Some people
don’t want to install a big AC that will be there all the time both inside a room and on the
outside on the facade. It’s a cosmetic issue. Some smaller stores and restaurants might want to
bring a portable AC up in their space when the heat gets to intense. People with small children
might also consider a portable AC if it gets too hot inside. People with medical issues, elderly
or others that are extra sensitive to heat should consider using an AC.

From the thorough Literature Survey in the proposed work the following objectives have be
stated.

2.1 OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of air conditioning is to control the temperature, humidity, and air
quality ina building or vehicle to create a comfortable and healthy environment for occupants.
The main goals of air conditioning are:

1. Temperature control: To maintain a desired temperature range (usually between 20-

25°C/68-77°F) despite outside weather conditions.
2. Humidity control: To remove excess moisture from the air to prevent mold
growth,condensation, and discomfort.

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3. Air purification: To remove pollutants, allergens, and bacteria from the air to improve indoor
airquality.
4. Ventilation: To provide a supply of fresh air and remove stale air to maintain a
healthyatmosphere.

With the stated objectives proposed, air conditioning systems aim to:

- Enhance comfort and productivity.

- Protect equipment and furnishings from damage.
- Support the health and well-being of occupants.
- Improve overall indoor air quality.
- Enhance occupant comfort and well-being.
- Support productivity and focus.
- Prevent damage from temperature and humidity extremes.
- Extend the lifespan of equipment and furnishings.
- Support the health and well-being of occupants.

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CHAPTER-3

FABRICATION OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Fabricating an air conditioning (AC) system involves several key steps:

1. Designing the System: Engineers or designers plan how the AC system will work, including
its size, type (e.g., split, window, or central), and components needed. They consider factors
like the space to be cooled, insulation, and climate.

2. Selecting Components: The main parts of an AC system include the compressor, condenser,
evaporator, expansion valve, and refrigerant. Each part has a specific role: the compressor
moves refrigerant, the condenser releases heat, the evaporator absorbs heat, and the
expansion valve controls refrigerant flow.

3. Manufacturing Components: Components are built or assembled. For example, the

compressor might be made in one factory, the evaporator in another, and so on. Each part is
carefully crafted to ensure it works efficiently.

4. Assembling the System: Once the components are ready, they are put together in a factory
or workshop. This involves connecting pipes, wiring electrical parts, and ensuring everything
fits and works correctly.

5. Testing: The assembled system undergoes rigorous testing to check for leaks, efficiency,
and overall functionality. This ensures that the AC system will perform well when installed.

6. Installation: Finally, the AC system is installed in the building or vehicle. This involves
placing the indoor and outdoor units, connecting refrigerant lines, and setting up electrical
connections.

In summary, fabricating an AC system involves designing, manufacturing components, assembling,

testing, and then installing the system to ensure it cools efficiently and effectively.

3.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE

In most process cooling applications, a pumping system circulates cool water or a
water/glycol solution from the chiller to the process. This cool fluid removes heat from the
process and the warm fluid returns to the chiller. The process water is the means by which heat
transfers from the process to the chiller.

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Process chillers contain a chemical compound, called a refrigerant. There are many types of
refrigerant and applications depending on the temperatures required but they all work on the
basic principle of compression and phase-change of the refrigerant from a liquid to a gas and
back to a liquid. This process of heating and cooling the refrigerant and changing it from a gas
to a liquid and back again is the refrigeration cycle.

The refrigeration cycle starts with a low-pressure liquid/gas mix entering the evaporator. In the
evaporator, heat from the process water or water/glycol solution boils the refrigerant, which
changes it from a low-pressure liquid to a low-pressure gas. The low-pressure gas enters the
compressor where it is compressed to high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas enters the
condenser where ambient air or condenser water removes heat to cool it to a high- pressure
liquid. The high-pressure liquid travels to the expansion valve, which controls how much liquid
refrigerant enters the evaporator, thereby beginning the refrigeration cycle again.

There are two types of condensers used in chillers; air-cooled and water-cooled. An air- cooled
condenser uses ambient air to cool and condense the hot refrigerant gas back down to a liquid.
It can be located inside the chiller or can be remotely located outside, but ultimately it rejects
the heat from the chiller to the air. In a water-cooled condenser, water from a cooling tower
cools and condenses the refrigerant.

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CHAPTER-4
EXPERIMENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
Air conditioning is the simultaneous control of the temperature, humidity, motion
and purity of the atmosphere in a confined space. Air conditioning applies in the heating
season as well as in the cooling season. The air conditioning has wide applications in
submarine ships, aircrafts and rockets. Air conditioning is associated with the human comfort
and controlling the humidity ratio. Air conditioning may be defined as the process of
removing heat from a substance under controlled conditions. It also includes the process of
reducing and maintains the temperature of a body below the general temperature of its
surroundings. This is widely used for cooling of storage chambers in which perishable foods,
drinks, and medicines are stored.

4.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION: -

Compressor : ISI Kirloskar Hermetically sealed compressor
Condenser : Fined Tube type air cooled condenser with fan
Evaporator : Suitable for above compressor immersed in duct.
Fins an Copper tube type cooling coil
Refrigeration : Freon R – 134a
Fan Blower Set : Standard make.
Refrigeration : a) Glass tube Rota meter
b) Capillary tube expression devices.
c) Filter cum Drier
d) Suction & Discharge pressure gauge
e) LP/HP cut-off Control Panel
Control Panel : a) Main Switch
b) Digital Voltmeter
c) Digital Amp. Meter
d) Energy Meter
e) Blower ON/OFF Switch
f) Compressor ON/OFF Switch
g) Heater ON/OFF Switch
h) Boiler (Humidity) ON/OFF Switch

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Digital Temp : RTD thermocouple for various temperature

Indicator
Air Velocity : Digital Air Anemometer

The whole Set-up is mounted on a sturdy frame and base plate.

4.2 UTILITIES REQURIED:-

Electricity Supply: Single Phase, 220 VAC, 50Hz, 5-15Amp socket with
earth connection.

T1 = Temperature Of Compressor Inlet

T2 = Temperature Of Compressor Outlet (Condenser Inlet)
T3 = Temperature Of Condenser Outlet
T4 = Temperature Of Evaporator Inlet
T5 = Temperature Of Air Duct
H1 = Enthalpy of refrigeration effects at Compressor Inlet, kJ/kg.
H2 = Enthalpy of compressor work at Compressor Inlet, kJ/kg.
H3 = Enthalpy of sub cooling at the outlet of Condenser, kJ/kg.
H4 = Enthalpy of refrigerant Inlet of Evaporator, kJ/kg.
P1 = Pressure at Compressor Suction, kJ/cm2.
P2 = Pressure at Compressor Discharge, kJ/cm2

Inlet DBT = ........ °F = (°F -32)/1.8 °C = …..°C

Outlet = ........ °F = (°F -32)/1.8 °C = ….. °C
DBT

4.3 PROCEDURE:-
1. Clean the apparatus and make it free from dust.

2. Ensure that all ON/OFF switches given on the panel are at OFF position.

3. Switch on the main supply.

4. Start the condenser fan motor.

5. Start the blower fan motor of the cooling coil (Evaporator).

6. Start the compressor.

7. Note down the readings of ammeter, voltmeter, and energy meter.

8. Note down the readings of the various pressure gauges.

9. Note down the reading of DBT and WBT.

10. Take down the readings of Anemometer.

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11. Take down the readings of various temperatures.

12. Note down the readings of Mass Flow rate of refrigerant through the Rotameter.

13. Switch ON the heater fitted in supply duct and note down readings.
14. Please note down that when the compressor should be OFF when the heater is ON.

15. Take readings.

16. Switch on the boiler to provide steam for humidification as required.

17. Note down the observations and calculate the COP.

18. While switching off the machine, first switch off the heaters off in services,
switch offthe compressor, condenser fan motor, blower fan motor, then switch
off the main and then switch off the main board.

4.4 OBSERVATION:
1. Air velocity = m/s
2. Inlet air duct area = 228x228mm=0.05198 m2
3. Density of air = 1.162 kg/ m3
4. 1 Bar = 1 psi / 14.5
5. Energy meter = 3200 Pulses/KWH
constant
4.5 SAMPLE TABULAR COLOUMN:

Sl .no Compressor Temperature of Temperature of Time Velocity of

Pressure (PSI) Refrigerant oC Air (DBT) oC taken air m/s
P1 P2 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 Inlet Outlet for 10
Suction Discharge Rev./ Sec.
1.
2.
3.

Sl. PROCES INLET INLET OUTLET OUTLET REMARKS

No. SYSTEM DBT WBT DBT WBT
1. Heating Only Heater ON
2. Cooling Only Compresor ON
3. Humidification Humidification
(Boiler) and Blower ON
4. Heating and Humidification
Dehumidificati (Boiler) and Heater ON
on

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5. Cooling Humidification (Boiler)

and and
Humidific Compressor ON
ation
6. Cooling and Dehumidification
Dehumidificati (Heater) and
on

4.5 CALCULATION:-

1. Refrigeration effect = ma Cp (Tai - Tao)

ma = mass flow rate of air in kg/s

= velocity of air x Inlet air Duct area x
density
Cp = airSpecific heat of air (1.005)
Tai = Inlet temperature of air (DBT)
Tao = Outlet temperature of air (DBT)

No of revolution X 3600
2. Compressor Input =
Time X Energy meter constant

Refrigeration Effect
3. Actual C.O.P. =
Compressor Input
H1 – H3
4. Theoretical C.O.P. =
H2 – H1

Mark points 1, 2, 3 using (P1, T2), (P2, T3), (P2, T4) respectively on P-h diagram from
refrigeration chart and read H1, H2 and H3 (where H3 = H4) to calculate COP.
Actual C. O. P
5. Relative C.O.P =
Theoritical C. O. P
Note that the COP of a heat pump depends on its duty the heat rejected to the hot sink
isgreater than the heat absorbed from the cold source, so the heating COP is 1 greater than
the cooling COP. The maximum achievable COP would be 8.8. Test results of the best
systems are around 4.5. When measuring installed units over a whole season and accounting
for the energy needed to pump water through the piping systems, seasonal COP's are
around 3.5 or less. This indicates room for improvement.

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4.7 RESULT :-
1) The actual COP is:

2) The theoretical COP is:

3) The relative COP is:

4.8 PROBABLE RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The experiment was carried out by varying the evaporator blower speed and the air
velocity through the condenser. The results of the analysis are presented in graphical
forms which shows the co-efficient of performance COP, cooling load of system and
compressor power consumption respectively.

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CHAPTER-5

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

A portable air conditioner is a cooling system that you can port around from place to place or
room to room. Homeowners or renters can purchase it for their personal use.

A portable air conditioner can be used for economic reasons as well, and they can be quite
expensive to run, a spot cooler saves much more energy, and they cool down your wallet in the
process.

Many of the consumers living in one bedroom or studio apartments have admired its ability to
fit in perfectly to their needs. It doesn’t require installation

Air conditioning is the process of removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied
space to improve the comfort of occupants.

Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a
building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.

The cooling is typically achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes

evaporation or free cooling is used. Air conditioning systems can also be made based on
desiccants (chemicals which remove moisture from the air). Some AC systems reject or
store heat in subterranean pipes.

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CHAPTER-6

PROS AND CONS OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

6.1 ADVANTAGES
The advantages of air conditioner are as follows:
• Mobility

As opposed to the traditional window air conditioner, a portable one is easier to

move from one place to another with the help of casters mounted to the unit, or wheels
attached to the base. Being mobile, it can be used in a home office during the day and
moved to the bedroom at night.
• Easy installation

What could be better if you can use a home appliance right out of the box? Well,
a portable air conditioner will enable an extremely easy, hassle-free installation without
any screws and other fixing materials. The only thing you have to do is create an
exhaust vent for the condensed air to pass out of the room.
• Cost-effective

Portable air conditioners are smaller units and hence, cost less as compared to
large window units and central air conditioning systems. Since they are available at
cheaper rates, you don't have to cut down on your other expenses and can easily get
one for your home.
• Convenient for rental apartments

There are too many limitations on everything when it comes to a rented house,
one of them being the equipment in your house. In such a situation a portable AC is
the best equipment because of its mobility and easy installation. Your trouble is
lessened with this type of AC and you can focus on the transportation of other heavy
appliances and gadgets while shifting.

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6.2 DISADVANTAGES
The disadvantages of mini air conditioner are as follows:
• Difficult water management

An air conditioner has the ability to pull the moisture from the air present in an
enclosed space while dehumidifying the room and creating a comfortable atmosphere.
• Less efficient

AC units with a single hose are definitely inefficient in cooling the room,
because the air that is sent out of the hose is the air from the inside of the room that has
been dehumidified.
• Limited Cooling space

Perhaps the most significant disadvantage of the portable air conditioner is its
limited range. A portable unit will generally cool only a small space, such as a single
room.

6.3 APPLICATIONS
The applications of mini air conditioner are as follows:
• Window Restrictions
Sometimes a window air conditioner is not always the best cooling solution for your
room. The problem with window A/C’s is that they are made for a standard window type. If
you have anything other than the standard or any window restrictions, they won’t work for you.
A portable air conditioner can be installed in any size window no matter the shape and size.
You could also take windows out of the equation and use a ceiling vent. Also, if you only have
one window in your room, using a portable A/C won’t block out your view or natural light like
a window unit might.
• Server Room Cooling
If you work in IT you already know that the server room the nucleus of any company.
It is necessary to provide 24/7 cooling and ventilation to avoid any possible malfunctions or
the degradation of your computer equipment. A portable A/C is a great option for a server room
because it is cost effective and can provide spot cooling. You wouldn’t have run your entire
system overnight. Many office central air conditioning units are often turned off for nights and
weekends. A portable air conditioner can provide server room cooling during those AC down
times.

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CHAPTER-7

CONCLUSIONS
• The portable Air conditioner system satisfies the need of user at the most economical
cost. The portable air conditioner is having very low manufacturing and maintenance
cost.
• Its cooling power is comparable to wall air conditioner. It provides transportability, can
be move anywhere easily. It is small in size; hence it would sit nicely in our bedroom,
drawing room and kitchen. It is completely non-polluting.
• The process of diagnosing small air conditioning installations as presented in this paper
proposes a performance assessment of building equipped with small room air
conditioners. This approach is based on a dynamic simulation tool, which provides
figures and label guiding the auditor to reduce energy consumption of a building.
• The thermal description of a zone is simplified thanks a dedicated interface and the time
for the simulation over a one-year period is less than forty seconds. The figures help
the auditor quantifying the performances improvement between the actual and the
modified building.
• The labels are intended to provide to the owner, simple information on the energy
quality of his building. The implementation of the tool on real case buildings have
shown that the prediction of the energy consumption provided by the audit is in good
agreement with the experimental measurements and with the electricity utility bills.
• From test rig design and the development work of the automotive
refrigeration system, it can be concluded that design a similar test rig, the
knowledge of the complete system must be clearly understood, especially the
components, operating parameters, the expected characteristics as well as the
design safety factor. Upon completion of the analysis work, the test rig is to be
tested to make sure that the test rig is in accordance to the desired.

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REFERENCES

[1] Shahi Satyam, “International Journal for Research in Engineering Application &
Management (IJREAM)” ISSN: 2494 – 9150, Volume -02, issue 07, Oct-2016.

[2] Franck Lucasa, “A Method to Evaluate Energy Performance of Buildings Cooled by

Room Air Conditioners, The 7th International Conference on Applied Energy” – Icae,2015,
pp. 1275 – 1283.

[3] Akusu O.M, “International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology”
Volume 6, Issue 6, 2018, PP 17-24.

[4] Garud Akhilesh Ravindra, “International Journal of Engineering and Management

Research” Page Number: 40-4 Volume-6, Issue-2, March-April 2016.

[5] Jaan Selg, “Exploring new possibilities in portable air conditioning together with
Electrolux and KTH” Volume 3, Issue 5,2016, PP 16-18.

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