TOWER CRANE
A crane is a tower or derrick equipped with cables and pulleys that is used to lift
and lower materials.
CLASSIFICATION OF CRANE
1)DERRIC CRANE 2)MOBILE CRANE
3)HYDRAULIC CRANE 4)OVERHEADE CRANE (GANTRY
CRANE)
5)TRAVELLER CARNE 6) TOWER CRANE
ACCORDING TO FOUR PRINCIPLES
1)STATIC TOWER CRANE
2)RAIL MOUNTED TOWER CRANE
3)TRUCK MOUNTED TOWER CRANE
4)CRAWLER MOUNTED TOWER CRANE
STATIONARY CRANE 2)TRAVELLING CRANE
3)CLIMBING CRANE
CLASSIFICATION DEPENDING NATURE OF CRANE
1)STATIONARY CRANE 2)TRAVELLING CRANE 3)CLIMBING CRANE
1)TOP SLEWING TOWER CRANE
2)BOTTOMSLEWING CRANE
CLASSIFICATION IN THE MARKET
1)ROUGH TERRAIN CRANES 2) TRUCK MOUNTED CRANES 3)CONSTRUCTION SITE CRANES
• The construction crew uses the tower crane to lift the building materials :
• steel, concrete, large tools like acetylene torches and generators, and a
wide variety of other building materials.
SELECTION FACTORS FOR TOWER CRANE
Weight, dimensions & lift radii of the heavy loads
1) Maximum free standing height of the crane
2) Maximum braced height of the crane
3) Crane climbing arrangement
4) Weight of the crane to be supported by the structure
5) Area that must be reached
CAPACITY OF CRANE
1)Location of load at the boom & tendancy to tip machine
2)Tipping load which is the load that produces the tipping condition at a
specified radius.
3)Radius for the maximum rated load
4)Load at various boom lengths
FUNCTION
The construction crew uses the tower crane to lift the building materials :
steel, concrete, large tools like acetylene torches and generators, and a wide
variety of other building materials.
LUFFING TOWER CRANE SELF ERECTING TOWER CRANE
TYPES OF TOWER CRANE
LUFFING JIB TOWER CRANE SELF ERECTING TOWER CRANE
Tower Cranes Construction
Fixed to the ground
• Horizontal boom is balanced asymmetrically
• Short arm carries a counterweight of concrete blocks
• Long arm carries the lifting gear
PARTS OF TOWER CRANE
THE BASE
Mast / Fixed Tower
MAST/ FIXED TOWER
SWING RING
COUNTER WEIGHT BOOM
THE OPERATOR’S CABIN
LOAD CARRIED BY THE BOOM
Sr.No. Distance From Load Carrying
the MAST Capacity
( in meters ) ( in Metric Tonnes )
1 10m 6
2 20m 4
3 30m 3
4 40m 2
• Tower Crane at the Site
• Maximum unsupported height – 265feet (80 meters)
• Maximum reach - 230feet (70 meters)
• Maximum lifting power – 19.8 tons (18metric tons),
• Counterweights – 20 tons (163 metric tons).
LOCATION OF TOWER CRANE ON SITE
UTILITY TO PROJECT
• TIME SAVING MACHINE
• MULTIPURPOSE IN USE
• HEAVY DUTY
• HIGH PERFORMANCE
• EASE EVEN IN CRITICAL SITUATION
• CAN BE TRANSFERRED FROM ONE PROJECT TO ANOTHER
• WHEN IDLE , NO OVERHEADS
• OPTIMUM UTILISATION OF RESOURCES
HAND SIGN
TOP SLEWING BOTTOM SLEWING
TOWER CRANE TOWER CRANE
STATIOARY CRANES
Supported on the foundation with fixed postion steel plate & the mast bolted to it
& ballast counterweight rests on the base.
HEIGHT OF CRANE :- can be increased upto 100 m
1)TOP SLEWING TOWER CRANE
They have fixed tower crane & swing circle mounted at top allowing only the
jibs, Operator’s cabin rotates.
2) BOTTOM SLEWING TOWER CRANE
The swing circle is under the slewing platform. The jib & tower rotates relatively
to the base chasis.Ballast is placed on the revolving base platform
Telescopic mast is for medium & large cranes.
TRAVELLING CRANE
TRAVELLING CRANE
The structure of these crane as follows. The steel base is mounted on travel gear,
resting on rail tracks embeded in foundation allowing the crane with the load.
Tracks have width of 4m to 8 m
HEIGHT OF CRANE:- Not exceeding 70 m for top slewing & for bottom
slewing type is 30 m
TRAVELLING SPEED :- 20 to 30 m/min.
CLIMBING CRANE
CLIMBING CRANE
These cranes climb on special climbing fitting collars which are fitted to the
building .Sometimes the solid cores like shaft are fitted inside multistoey
building.These have small mast as it moves upwards. This type of tower crane is
at the top of the structure at the end of construction.The Derrick dismantles the
tower crane placed at the top.These dismantled parts are taken by the elevator.
USE OF CLIMBING CRANE
Space limitation for erection
MOBILE CRANE
MOBILE CRANE
1)These have power supply from PTO shaft of the prime mover. The carrier
unit of the crane can be taken away & can be used for other purposes. But the
crane is able to stand on outriggers.
2)These cranes can travel in rough terrain since it has carrier unit with prime
mover –tractor permanently linked with trailor through atriculated joint.
3)These cranes can access to almost all points of requirement since the
hydraulic skid steering system in the carrier unit does the steering operation
as well as short turning radius.
ROUGH TERRAIN CRANE
ROUGH TERRAIN CRANE
These have four wheels & can travel on large tires with high floatation with
highly manoeuvrable with various steering modes.
1)These cranes have capacity to lift & carry
2)Can be used on poor ground conditions,
TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE
TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE
1)These can travel with high speed.short stay basis.
2)Chasis of these cranes with two or nine axles.
3)Chasis are hydraulically or mechanically supported with extending outrigger
supports which relieve the load during lifting operation.
4)Cannot travel on rough terrain.
5) Operator’s cab is mounted on crane or separate cabs are provided for two
functions
6)Speed depends on the type of model.
CONSTRUCTION SITE CRANE
CONSTRUCTION SITE CRANE
These cranes are mainly used for transportation
In these cranes the operator’s cabin can be incorporated into a tower element or
into upper structure of the tower crane. Cabin located so as to have great possible
area.
RAIL MOUNTED CRANE
RAIL MOUNTED CRANE
These are supported on heavy wheeled bogies which are mounted on wide gauge
rail track & the track is laid on conventional sleepers supported on graded
ballast.These cranes may have fixed or slewing tower.
CRAWLER MOUNTED TOWER CRANE
CRAWLER MOUNTED TOWER CRANE
There are two types in this. One is twin track & requires extended outriggers &
jacks to retain stability when lifting.
The other is straddle type which is mounted on four widely spaced crawler
tracks each of which can be adjusted for height. Both the types should be set
on firm & levelled while handling loads.
They usually have telescopic tower but a variety of jibs may be used.
These are required to be transported on a low loader or towed on special road
axles when travelling on public highways.
