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Computer History and Evolution

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Computer History and Evolution

Uploaded by

garvita110504
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer History

and Evolution
From humble beginnings to powerful technology, computers have
transformed the way we live, work, and interact with the world.
Early Computing Devices

1 Abacus
The abacus was a simple counting tool used for
calculations in ancient civilizations, laying the foundation
for early computational devices.

2 Slide Rule
The slide rule was a mechanical analog computer used for
complex calculations in engineering, science, and
navigation.

3 Mechanical Calculators
Early mechanical calculators, such as the Pascaline and the
Leibniz wheel, performed basic arithmetic operations and
paved the way for more complex machines.
The Birth of the Modern
Computer
1 Charles Babbage 2 Alan Turing
Babbage conceived the Turing's work on the Enigma
Analytical Engine, a general- machine and his theoretical
purpose mechanical model of computation, the
computer that was never Turing Machine,
built but laid the groundwork revolutionized computer
for modern computers. science.

3 ENIAC 4 Transistors
The ENIAC, the first general- The invention of the
purpose electronic transistor in the 1940s led to
computer, was used for smaller, more reliable, and
military calculations during more powerful computers.
World War II.
The Mainframe Era
Large-Scale Computing Centralized Processing Data Management

Mainframes were powerful computers Mainframes centralized computing Mainframes revolutionized data
used by large organizations for power, allowing multiple users to management, allowing for large
complex tasks like data processing and access the same resources through databases and sophisticated data
financial transactions. terminals, enabling businesses to processing techniques.
operate more efficiently.
The Rise of Personal
Computers
Microprocessors
The development of microprocessors led to the creation of
1
smaller, affordable computers that could be used by
individuals.

Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)


2 GUIs made computers more accessible to a wider audience
by replacing command-line interfaces with icons and menus.

Personal Computing Revolution


The introduction of personal computers brought computing
3
power to homes, offices, and schools, transforming how
people worked, learned, and communicated.
The Internet Revolution

The Internet World Wide Web


The development of the internet The World Wide Web, created by
connected computers worldwide, Tim Berners-Lee, revolutionized
enabling communication, internet access by providing a user-
information sharing, and global friendly way to access and share
collaboration. information.

Email and Instant Social Media


Messaging Social media platforms enabled
Email and instant messaging people to connect, share
became primary forms of information, and engage in online
communication, connecting people communities.
across continents and time zones.
The Mobile Computing Era
Smartphones and Mobile Apps
Tablets Mobile apps transformed how
Smartphones and tablets people used their devices,
brought computing power to providing a wide range of
mobile devices, allowing for functionalities for everything
constant access to information, from social networking to
communication, and banking.
entertainment.

Mobile Internet Access


Mobile internet access made it possible to connect to the internet
from anywhere, anytime, further blurring the lines between work and
leisure.
The Era of Big Data and
Cloud Computing
Big Data The vast amount of data
generated by various sources,
including social media, sensors,
and online transactions.

Cloud Computing Storing and accessing data and


applications remotely over the
internet, offering scalability,
flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.

Data Analytics Analyzing large datasets to


extract insights, identify trends,
and make informed decisions.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Natural Language Processing Computer Vision Robotics


AI systems that enable computers to AI systems that allow computers to AI systems used to control robots,
understand and interpret human "see" and interpret images and videos, enabling them to perform tasks with
language, leading to advancements in enabling applications like self-driving increasing autonomy and precision,
voice assistants, chatbots, and machine cars, facial recognition, and medical automating processes in various
translation. image analysis. industries.
The Future of Computing
The future of computing promises even more exciting advancements, with
emerging technologies like quantum computing, nanotechnology, and
augmented reality poised to revolutionize various industries and aspects
of our lives.

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