Calculus Paper-1-2: (336 Marks)
Calculus Paper-1-2: (336 Marks)
A right circular cone of radius r is inscribed in a sphere with centre O and radius
R as shown in the following diagram. The perpendicular height of the cone is h, X
denotes the centre of its base and B a point where the cone touches the sphere.
1a. Show that the volume of the cone may be expressed by [4 marks]
V = π3 (2Rh2 − h3 ).
1b. Given that there is one inscribed cone having a maximum volume, show [4 marks]
32πR 3
that the volume of this cone is 81 .
0< <2
Consider the functions f and g defined on the domain 0 < x < 2π by
f (x) = 3 cos 2x and g (x) = 4 − 11 cos x.
The following diagram shows the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g (x)
2a. Find the x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the two graphs. [6 marks]
2b. Find the exact area of the shaded region, giving your answer in the form [5 marks]
pπ + q√3, where p, q ∈ Q.
2c. At the points A and B on the diagram, the gradients of the two graphs [6 marks]
are equal.
Determine the y-coordinate of A on the graph of g .
3 2
Let f (x) = x3 − 2x2 + ax + 6. Part of the graph of f is shown in the following
diagram.
The graph of f crosses the y-axis at the point P. The line L is tangent to the graph
of f at P.
3c. The graph of f has a local minimum at the point Q. The line L passes [8 marks]
through Q.
Find the value of a .
6−2x
4. Let f (x) = . The following diagram shows part of the graph of [8 marks]
√ 16+6 x− x2
f.
The region R is enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis, and the y-axis. Find the
area of R.
5a. Use integration by parts to show that [5 marks]
2ex ex
∫ ex cos 2xdx = 5
sin 2x + 5
cos 2x + c, c ∈ R.
ex ex ex
R
5b. Hence, show that ∫ ex cos 2 xdx = ex sin 2x + ex cos 2x + ex + c, c ∈ R. [3 marks]
5 10 2
5c. Find the x-coordinates of A and of C , giving your answers in the form [6 marks]
a + arctan b, where a, b ∈ R.
5d. Find the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis between B and D, as [5 marks]
shaded on the diagram.
Consider the curves C1 and C2 defined as follows
C1 : xy = 4, x > 0
C2 : y 2 − x2 = 2, x > 0
6a. Using implicit differentiation, or otherwise, find dy for each curve in [4 marks]
dx
terms of x and y.
6b. Let P(a , b) be the unique point where the curves C1 and C2 intersect. [2 marks]
Show that the tangent to C1 at P is perpendicular to the tangent to C2 at P.
1 1
1
Let f (x) = , for x > 12 .
√2x−1
The shaded region R is enclosed by the graph of f, the x-axis, and the lines x = 1
and x = 9 . Find the volume of the solid formed when R is revolved 360° about the
x-axis.
R ( ∘ )
8. Consider f(x), g(x) and h(x), for x∈R where h(x) = (f ∘ g)(x). [7 marks]
Given that g(3) = 7 , g′ (3) = 4 and f ′ (7) = −5 , find the gradient of the normal to
the curve of h at x = 3.
A closed cylindrical can with radius r centimetres and height h centimetres has a
volume of 20π cm3.
2
The material for the base and top of the can costs 10 cents per cm2 and the
material for the curved side costs 8 cents per cm2. The total cost of the material,
in cents, is C.
320π
9b. Show that C = 20πr2 + r
. [4 marks]
9c. Given that there is a minimum value for C, find this minimum value in [9 marks]
terms of π.
2 2
2 2
Given that ∫−2 f (x) dx = 10 and ∫0 f (x) dx = 12, find
10a. ∫ 0 [4 marks]
−2 (f (x) + 2) dx.
0
10b. ∫ 0 (x+ 2) dx. [2 marks]
−2 f
Let y = arccos ( x2 )
1
11b. Find 1 [7 marks]
∫0 arccos ( x2 ) dx.
2−3 5
2−3x5
Let f (x) = 2x3
, x ∈ R, x ≠ 0.
12a. The graph of y = f (x) has a local maximum at A. Find the coordinates [5 marks]
of A.
12b. Show that there is exactly one point of inflexion, B, on the graph of [5 marks]
y = f (x).
−3
12c. The coordinates of B can be expressed in the form B (2a , b × 2−3a ) [3 marks]
where a, b∈ Q . Find the value of a and the value of b.
12d. Sketch the graph of y = f (x) showing clearly the position of the points [4 marks]
A and B.
1
R+
13. Show that log 2 x = 1 log x where r, x ∈ R+ . [2 marks]
r 2 r
Consider the functions f, g, defined for x ∈ R, given by f (x) = e−x sin x and
g (x) = e−x cos x.
14. π [4 marks]
∫
Hence, or otherwise, find 0 e−x sin x dx.
1
1
15a. Use the substitution u = x 2 to find ∫ dx . [4 marks]
3 1
x 2 +x 2
15b. 9 [3 marks]
∫
Hence find the value of 12 1 3
dx
1 , expressing your answer in the form
x 2 +x 2
arctan q, where q ∈ Q.
2 R
16. Let f(x) = 15 − x2 , for x ∈ R. The following diagram shows part of the [7 marks]
graph of f and the rectangle OABC, where A is on the negative x-axis, B is on the
graph of f , and C is on the y-axis.
2
17. Consider f(x) = log k(6x − 3x2 ), for 0 < x < 2, where k > 0. [7 marks]
The equation f(x) = 2 has exactly one solution. Find the value of k.
2 R
Let f(x) = x2 − x, for x ∈ R. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f .
The graph of f crosses the x-axis at the origin and at the point P(1, 0).
The line L intersects the graph of f at another point Q, as shown in the following
diagram.
18. Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of f and the line L . [6 marks]
( )
19c. Hence or otherwise, find an expression for the derivative of fn (x) with [3 marks]
respect to x.
>1
19d. Show that, for n > 1, the equation of the tangent to the curve [8 marks]
y = fn (x) at x = π4 is 4x − 2y − π = 0.
( ⩾ 0)
20. A particle moves in a straight line such that at time t seconds (t ⩾ 0), its [5 marks]
velocity v, in ms−1 , is given by v = 10te−2t . Find the exact distance travelled by
the particle in the first half-second.
1
22c. Let y= 0 < x < π2 . The graph of ybetween x = θ and x = π4 [6 marks]
cos x , for
is rotated 360° about the x-axis. Find the volume of the solid formed.
2−1
2
23a. Find ∫ xex −1 dx. [4 marks]
2
23b. Find f(x), given that f ′ (x) = xex −1 and f(−1) = 3. [3 marks]
2
24. Let 3x2 [6 marks]
f ′ (x) = . Given that f(0) = 1, find f(x).
(x3+1)5
1
R
1
Consider the function f(x) = x2+3x+2
,x ∈ R, x ≠ −2, x ≠ −1.
25c. Sketch the graph of f(x), indicating on it the equations of the [5 marks]
asymptotes, the coordinates of the y-intercept and the local maximum.
= (| |)
25e. Sketch the graph of y = f (|x|). [2 marks]
25f. Determine the area of the region enclosed between the graph of [3 marks]
y = f (|x|), the x-axis and the lines with equations x = −1 and x = 1.
5 2 R
Consider the function q (x) = x5 − 10x2 + 15x − 6, x ∈ R.
26a. Show that the graph of y = q(x) is concave up for x > 1. [3 marks]
26b. Sketch the graph of y = q(x) showing clearly any intercepts with the [3 marks]
axes.
arcsin d
27. Find ∫ arcsin x dx [5 marks]
=
28b. Find the displacement of the particle when t = t1 [2 marks]
29a. 1
π
4 [4 marks]
∫ ∫
1
Using the substitution x = tan θ show that 0 dx = 0 cos2 θdθ.
(x2+1)2
29b. 1 [3 marks]
∫
1
Hence find the value of 0 dx.
(x2+1)2
30a. Showing any x and y intercepts, any maximum or minimum points and [2 marks]
any asymptotes, sketch the following curves on separate axes.
y = f(x);
30b. Showing any x and y intercepts, any maximum or minimum points and [4 marks]
any asymptotes, sketch the following curves on separate axes.
1
y= f(x)
;
30c. Showing any x and y intercepts, any maximum or minimum points and [2 marks]
any asymptotes, sketch the following curves on separate axes.
y = ∣∣ f(1x) ∣∣.
( ) cos d
30d. Find ∫ f(x) cos xdx. [5 marks]
( ) = cos
Let f(x) = cos x.
(19) (19)
Let k = 21 and h(x) = (f (19)(x) × g (19)(x)).
3
32. Let f ′ (x) = sin3 (2x) cos(2x). Find f(x), given that f ( π4 ) = 1. [7 marks]
33a. Show that the function f has a local maximum value when 3π [2 marks]
x= 4
.
33b. Find the x-coordinate of the point of inflexion of the graph of f . [2 marks]
33c. Sketch the graph of f , clearly indicating the position of the local [3 marks]
maximum point, the point of inflexion and the axes intercepts.
33d. Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of f and the x-axis. [6 marks]
∣∣ d 2y ∣∣
∣ d x2 ∣
The curvature at any point (x, y) on a graph is defined as κ = 3 .
dy 2 2
(1+( d x ) )
∣∣ d 2y ∣∣
∣ d x2 ∣
The curvature at any point (x, y) on a graph is defined as κ = 3 .
2
(1+( d x ) )
dy 2
33e. Find the value of the curvature of the graph of f at the local maximum [3 marks]
point.
33f. Find the value κ for x = π2 and comment on its meaning with respect to [2 marks]
the shape of the graph.
2 −1
A curve has equation 3x − 2y 2 ex−1 = 2.
34b. Find the equations of the tangents to this curve at the points where the [4 marks]
curve intersects the line x = 1.