Industrial Fiber Optic

Link/Repeaters \

Models 5843HRT and 5844HRT

Models 5843SHRT and 5844SHRT

User Manual
UM5843
REV AD

Distributed by Solid Signal

www.solidsignal.com
877.312.4547

3-44-0003-00 Printed in USA

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 Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Used in this Publication

WARNING

Warning notices are used in this publication to emphasize that hazardous voltages, currents, or other
conditions that could cause personal injury exist in this equipment or may be associated with its use.

In situations where inattention could cause either injury or damage to equipment, a Warning notice is
used.

CAUTION

Caution notices are used where equipment malfunction is possible if care is not taken.

NOTE

APPLICATION NOTE
Notes and Application Notes call attention to information that is especially significant to
understanding and operating the equipment.

This document is based on information available at the time of its publication. While efforts have been
made to be accurate, the information contained herein does not purport to cover all details or variations, or
to provide for every possible contingency in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance.
DYMEC assumes no obligation of notice to holders of this document with respect to changes
subsequently made.

DYMEC makes no representation or warranty, expressed, implied, or statutory with respect to, and
assumes no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, sufficiency, or usefulness of the information
contained herein. No warranties of merchantability or fitness for purpose shall apply.

Permission is granted to make a reasonable number of copies of this document for the use within
the organization that has purchased the equipment.

\ Link/Repeater is used exclusively to describe DYMEC's unique family of Fiber Optic Data Links.

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 Table of Contents
Page

1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.2 Model 5843HRT and 5844HRT Link/Repeaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1.2.1 9 Pin Data Port D-Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1.2.2 DTE/DCE Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.2.3 Repeat Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.2.4 Input Coupling Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.2.5 Handshaking Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
1.2.6 Drive Current Pin 8 Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.2.7 Test Mode Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.2.8 Optical Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.2.9 Diagnostic LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.2.10Power Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1.2.11Peripheral Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

2. Configurations, Operation, and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1 Point-to-Point Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2 Loop Operation - Master/Slave Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.3 Loop Operation - Peer-to-Peer Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

3. Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1 Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2 Optical Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2.1 Cable Attenuation Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2.2 Extending the Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.3 Number of Repeats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3.1 Effects of Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3.2 Pulse Width Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3.3 Temperature Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.4 Powering the Link/Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.4.1 Model 5843HRT or 5843SHRT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.4.2 Model 5844HRT or 5844SHRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.5 Optional Station Power Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.6 Type of Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3.7 Selection of Fiber Optic Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

4. Testing and Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.2 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

5. Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1 Electrical and Optical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.2 Mechanical Dimensions of the 5843HRT or 5843SHRT . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5.3 Mechanical Dimensions of the 5844HRT or 5844SHRT . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

6. Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

1. INTRODUCTION

DYMEC Models 5843HRT, 5843SHRT, 5844HRT and 5844SHRT are data communication Link/Repeaters which
allow the replacement of copper wire with fiber optic cable. Link/Repeaters simply convert electrical signals to light
for transmission, then, when received, convert the light signals to back electrical. This is done for RS-232 or TTL
formats.

Link/Repeaters are passive to software protocol. They are not addressable in communication protocols and do not
provide any control logic capability to support communication protocols. Link/Repeaters are designed with several
features that allow easy installation and flexibility in configuring for various communication systems.

Models 5843HRT and 5844HRT are similar except for the method in which they are powered.

Models 5843SHRT and 5844SHRT have the same features and functionality described for the Models 5843HRT
and 5844HRT respectively with the exception that they have single mode optics for use with single mode fiber cable.

NOTE

This manual makes reference to the Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT when describing features and
functionality of the Link/Repeaters. These descriptions generally apply to the Model 5843SHRT and Model
5844SHRT as well. When different, a specific reference is made identifying the particular model(s) and their
variation.

The User should read this manual to fully understand how to use the many features of the Link/Repeaters in an
effective communication system.

1.1 DEFINITIONS

The following terms are used in this manual:

IED:
An IED is any intelligent electrical device capable of RS-232 and/or TTL data communications, such as; a
computer, RTU, PLC, "smart" meter, relay, etc. The IED must have resident software or firmware that
manages the data communication logic, including protocol (formatting and timing), addressing capability (if
required), control logic software "handshaking", and scheduling.

Point-to-Point Configuration:
Two Link/Repeaters connected directly to each other.

Master/Slave Loop Configuration:

More than two Link/Repeaters connected together where the FOC connects the T optical port of one device
to the R optical port of the next unit in the loop. One IED is designated as the Master and controls all the
communication and the other IED’s act as Slaves and respond only when specifically polled by the Master.

Peer-to-Peer Loop Configuration:

More than two Link/Repeaters connected together where the FOC connects the T optical port of one device
to the R optical port of the next unit in the loop. Each IED has the capability of becoming loop Master as
allowed by the controlling software.

Echo:
The return of the Master's transmission back to the Master after traveling around the optical loop.

Optical Bus Configuration:

More than two Link/Repeaters connected together in a manner where the Master's transmission is heard by
all IED’s and there is no returning echo of this transmission.

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

Optical Star Configuration:

More than two Link/Repeaters connected together in a “hub and spoke” topology where the Master’s
transmission is heard by all IED’s and only the Master hears the polled Slave’s response and there is no
returning echo of the transmissions.

Master:
The Master is the IED that controls the loop in a Master/Slave loop. This IED is responsible for the control
of the loop, the polling of the Slaves for information, and the prevention of data collisions. All loop
communication is echoed back to and stops at the Master. The Master's Repeat Switch is always in the
"OFF" position.

Slave:
A Slave is an IED that is passive in a Master/Slave loop. A Slave's communication is under the control of
the Master, and should be controlled to prevent data collision in the loop. All communication generated by
the Master will be repeated through each Slave and back to the Master. A Slave's Repeat Switch is always
in the “ON” position.

Peer:
Peers are IED’s that have equal status and each may Master the loop when allowed by the software. A
Peer's Repeat Switch is always in the "OFF" position and a Peer IED controls pin 8 of its Link/Repeater in
order to obtain status as loop Master.

FOC:
Fiber Optic Cable.

Single-mode:
Single-mode fibers generally have diameters of 5µm to 13µm. Because of this small core, only one axial
path for light propagation is available through the fiber. The optics required to drive single-mode fiber have
to be highly focused so that minimum dispersion occurs. Though requiring more expensive optic emitters,
the benefit is that longer transmission distances (< 35 km) can be achieved.

Multi-mode:
Multi-mode fibers have core diameters of 50µm and larger. This larger core allows the light rays to be
propagated along several different paths down the fiber. The different paths include an axial component as
well as reflected components. Multi-mode units are economical and effective for transmission over
distances up to 6 km.

Repeat Switch:
The Repeat Switch enables (REP) or disables (OFF) the repeater function of the Link/Repeater.

DTE/DCE Switch:
Each Link/Repeater is provided with this switch (2 position) to easily adapt the device to either the DTE or
DCE configuration of the equipment which it connects.

Data Coupling Switch:

Each Link/Repeater is provided with this switch to easily adapt the device for either DC or AC electrical Input
data coupling. With AC data coupling the minimum input data rate is 1200 baud with DC data coupling there
is no minimum input data rate but a signal stuck on the input will lock up a loop, bussed or star network.

1-2

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

Pin 8 Output Option Switch: (Switch 5B)

Models 5843 and 5844 Links are provided with this switch to allow users who require more drive
current on the TTL output pin (pin 8) to accomplish this. Selections are High or Low. Consideration
should be given that the current value selected is appropriate for the input of the device being
connected to this data channel.

Test Mode Switch:

Models 5843 and 5844 are provided with this switch to allow users who wish to test the fiber
connections of the link with a built in diagnostic mode. This mode sends a 100Hz signal out the transmit
port as well as looping back the copper port (pins 2 and 3) for diagnostic purposes.

Handshaking Switch:
Each Link/Repeater is provided with this switch to easily adapt the device for use where the connected IED
needs to see active electrical levels on certain handshaking pins but does not require full handshaking
implementation.

Simplex Communication:
Transmit only or receive only communications.

Half Duplex Communication:

Sequential transmit and receive communications.

Full Duplex Communication:

Simultaneous transmit and receive communications.

T:
Transmit optical port.

TE:
Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link/Repeater is receiving an electrical transmit from its IED.

TO:
Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link/Repeater is transmitting a signal optically.

R:
Receive optical port.

RE:
Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link/Repeater is delivering a received optical signal electrically to
the IED.

RO:
Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link/Repeater is receiving a signal optically.

Optical Budget:
The optical budget is expressed in dB and is the amount of light loss tolerated for communication. The total
distance between two devices that a signal can be transmitted is determined by subtracting all the losses of
the circuit from the optical budget. Various factors in the optical circuit attenuate the light transmission and
must be accounted for to assure a reliable optical circuit. Key factors include cable attenuation (expressed
as dB per unit length), cable aging, and cable fittings (terminations, splitters, etc.).

Non Return to Zero (NRZ):

This type of encoding scheme does not require the voltage potential of each data bit to return to the zero
potential. No clock or timing recovery is provided with this type of communication except in the start and
stop bits usually found on each data word.

Return to Zero (RZ):

This type of encoding scheme requires the voltage potential of each data bit to return to the zero potential.
This allows timing recovery with each bit instead of just the start and stop bits of the data word.

1-3

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

Number of Repeats:
The Number of Repeats is the number of Link/Repeaters that may be connected in a loop configuration.
The sum of Slaves in a Master/Slave loop is the number of repeats for that type of loop. The number of
Peers minus one is the number of repeats in a Peer-to-Peer loop.

Asynchronous Communication:
This type of communication does not transmit a separate clock signal with the data signal. Link/Repeaters
support asynchronous communication. A communication scheme where the clock needs to be transmitted
(Synchronous Communication) is not supported unless the data and clock are transmitted together on the
same pin.

1-4

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

1.2 MODEL 5843HRT AND MODEL 5844HRT LINK/REPEATERS

NOTE

Link/Repeaters contain no serviceable parts. Opening the unit will void the warranty.

Each Link/Repeater consists of the following elements shown in Figure 1.

#6-32 Thread SST Diagnostic LED's

Earth Ground
12 Vdc Pow er Input

TO
PW R

RO

TE
RE
SW ITCH ACCESS

DYM EC MODEL 5943 LINK/REPEATER

RS-232
MADE IN U.S.A.

R T

Rem oveable
Type "ST" 9 Pin D Sub
Access Plate
Fiber Connector Connector

FIGURE 1. Elements of the Link/Repeater

1.2.1 9 Pin Data Port D-connector

The Link/Repeater connects directly to an IED's RS-232 or TTL communication port. The pin out
configuration of the Link/Repeater is shown in Figure 2. If the IED's port is not a 9 Pin D-connector or if
the IED's pin out configuration differs, an adapter is required.

DCE DCE
DTE MODE DTE DCE MODE DTE

• 1 Chassis Ground • 1 Chassis Ground

• 2 Transmitted Data (Link Input) • 2 Received Data (Link Output)
• 3 Received Data (Link Output) • 3 Transmitted Data (Link Input)
• 4 No Connection • 4 No Connection
• 5 Signal Common • 5 Signal Common
• 6 (+5 Vdc Output) • 6 (+5 Vdc Output)
• 7 Repeat Enable / Disable • 7 Repeat Enable / Disable
• 8 TTL Output • 8 TTL Output
• 9 9 to 15 Vdc Input • 9 9 to 15 Vdc Input

Figure 2 Data Port Pin Assignments

1-5

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

1.2.2 DTE/DCE Switch (Two Position Switch)

The DTE/DCE Switch on the Link/Repeater switches the functions of pins 2 and 3 to accommodate the
IED configuration as DTE or DCE. This is a 2 position switch and both actuators must be set for the
Link/Repeater to work properly.

DTE: Data Terminal Equipment. By RS-232 standards, equipment designed as DTE transmits data
out of pin 2 on a 9 Pin D-connector and receives data on pin 3.

DCE: Data Communication Equipment. By RS-232 standards, equipment designed as DCE transmits
data out of pin 3 on a 9 Pin D-connector and receives data on pin 2.

1.2.3 Data Coupling Switch

The Data Coupling switch selects the electrical input conditioning, the AC position selects
capacitively coupled, the DC position is directly coupled.

AC: AC coupling has a minimum incoming data requirement of 1200 baud due to the capacitive
coupling. This option blocks DC electrical levels should the device connected fail and ‘stick
in a high level’. There is a 35 mS timeout for “stuck” output pins, after this time out the link
returns to LED off state.

DC: DC coupling allows DC logic levels to be transmitted over the fiber network, care must be
taken to guarantee that when any device stops transmitting packets that the input level
returns to a state that allows the T receptacle (emitter) to turn off. If it does not and the IED
is part of a loop, bussed or star network, the first device to transmit blocks all other devices
on the network from transmitting. *Single-Mode units cannot be DC coupled.

1.2.4 Repeat Switch

The Repeat Switch enables the repeater function in the “ON” position and disables it in the "OFF"
position.

ON: The repeater function available in the Link/Repeater is enabled. This function converts the
optical signal received on the R optical port to an electrical signal and delivers this signal to
the appropriate pin of the 9 Pin connector, as well as, re-transmits the signal optically out the
Link/Repeater's T optical port.

OFF: The repeater function available in the Link/Repeater is disabled. The Link/Repeater
converts the optical signal received on the R optical port to an electrical signal and delivers
this signal to the appropriate pin of the 9 Pin connector, and does not re-transmit the signal
optically out the Link/Repeater's T optical port.

1.2.5 Handshaking Switch 4B:

The Handshaking Switch outputs 5 Vdc on a standard handshaking pin in the “ON” position and
disconnects the pins it in the "OFF" position.

ON: Pin 6 (Data Set Ready) of the Link/Repeater output 5 Vdc. This signal is used by devices
requiring handshaking signals to indicate the readiness of the connected devices to receive
data.

OFF: Pin 6 of the Link/Repeater is not connected.

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

1.2.6 Pin 8 Current Output Option Switch 5B:

Models 5843 and 5844 Links are provided with this switch to allow users select one of 2 output source
drive current values for the TTL output pin (pin 8). Selections are 10ma (207 Ohm) or 20ma (67 Ohm).
Consideration should be given that the current value selected is appropriate for the input of the device
being connected to this data channel.

1.2.7 Test Mode Option Switch 3B:

Models 5843 and 5844 Links are provided with this switch to allow users who wish to test the fiber
connections of the link with a built in diagnostic mode. This mode sends a 100Hz signal out the
transmit port as well as looping back the copper port (pins 2 and 3) for diagnostic purposes.
5

High/Low

Hanshaking DSR/O FF
4

Test M ode O N/O FF

3

Data Coupling DC/AC

2

Repeat M ode O N/O FF

1

DCE/DTE
1

FIGURE 4. Switch Settings

1.2.8 Optical Ports

There are two optical ports, T and R. The T optical port transmits data signals optically to the next
Link/Repeater. The R port receives the optical data signal from another Link/Repeater's T optical
port. Each port is fitted with an "ST" type receptacle for attaching the FOC.

R T 9 Pin D Sub
Fiber Connector Fiber Connector Connector

Pin 1

Figure 3 Optical Ports and Electrical Port

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

1.2.9 Diagnostic LEDs

Each Link/Repeater is equipped with four diagnostic LEDs. They represent the electrical transmit (TE),
optical transmit (TO), electrical delivery (RE), and optical receive (RO) paths. These LEDs, when
illuminated, show that the appropriate path is active. When the Link/Repeater is transmitting, both TE
and TO LEDs will illuminate to show the transmit path active. When the Link/Repeater is receiving light
signals, both RO and RE LEDs will illuminate. If the unit is in the repeat mode and receiving light, the
RO, RE and TO LEDs will illuminate because the signal is being re-transmitted out the optical port, as
well as, being delivered to the D-connector. LEDs only illuminate when the path is active; powering of
the unit does not illuminate the LEDs unless their path is active. When data is present on the paths, the
LEDs may "flicker"; this is normal. The diagnostic LEDs may be used for trouble shooting by observing
that the illumination of the LEDs corresponds with activity in the unit. See Figure 5 for LED patterns and
signal paths.

2 3 PWR
2 3 PWR
2 3 PWR

RO RO RO

RE RE RE

TO TO TO

TE TE TE

Norm al Transm ission Norm al Receive Norm al Repeat

FIGURE 5. Diagnostic LED patterns and signal paths

NOTE

The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal "quiet" times.

The LEDs may "flicker". This is normal operation.

1.2.10 Power Connections

1.2.10.1 Powering Model 5843HRT

Model 5843HRT may be powered either through pin 9+ (and pin 5-) of the 9 Pin D-
connector or the external connector located on the back of the unit:

1) When powering the 5843HRT via pin 9 of its D-connector, the IED must supply at
least 250 mA (340mA for the 5843SHRT). The voltage should be regulated and within
a range of 9 to 15 Vdc.
2) When powering the 5843HRT via its external connector, DYMEC offers a 110 Vac to
12 Vdc adapter (Model 4310S) that is designed specifically to plug into this connector.
Model 4310S assures reliable power over the temperature range of 0°C to + 70°C.

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

CAUTION

Regardless of the power connection used, Model 5843HRT requires

250 mA (340 mA for the 5843SHRT) within a range of 9 to 15 VDC.
An inadequate power supply not capable of supplying 250 mA over
the entire operating temperature range may cause the Link/Repeater
to malfunction.

1.2.10.2 Powering the Model 5844HRT

Model 5844HRT may be powered either through pin 9+ (and pin 5-) of the 9 Pin D-
connector or the power connector located on the side of the unit:

1) When powering Model 5844HRT via pin 9 of its D-connector, the IED must supply
at least 250 mA (340 mA for the 5844SHRT). The voltage should be regulated and
within a range of 9 to 15 Vdc.

2) Model 5844HRT has an internal regulated power supply that may be connected
directly to ac or dc station power. The station power may be 90 to 250 Vac, 50/60
Hz or 90 to 250 Vdc. The station voltage may be unregulated, but the circuit must
be capable of providing a minimum of 35mA (50mA for the 5844SHRT)
continuously. Model 5844HRT has a ground stud (#6-32 bolt) and a power
connector on the side of the case. If Model 5844HRT is powered through the power
connector, then connect a suitable earth ground to the grounding stud on the side
of the Link/Repeater. Remove the power plug from the power connector of the
Link/Repeater. Connect the power lines to the power plug being careful not to
leave any wire strands exposed.

This power input to the Model 5844HRT is Surge Withstand Protected to IEC
61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5 Standard and ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1-1989.

NOTE

Model 5844HRT or Model 5844SHRT can be ordered to accommodate 24 Vdc - 48 Vdc power.

WARNING

When installing a Model 5844HRT or a 5844SHRT Link/Repeater, an

earth Ground must be attached to the Ground Stud on the side of the
case before connecting to power. Failure to follow this procedure
may result in electrical shock to personnel.

1.2.11 Peripheral Equipment

1.2.11.1 IED

An IED is any intelligent electrical device such as; a computer, RTU, PLC, "smart" meter,
relay, etc., that has the ability to communicate data via RS-232 or TTL format. The IED
should have a communication port for the connection of the Link/Repeater. If the IED's
communication port connector does not accept the Link/Repeater to be plugged in directly,
an adapter must be made to accommodate the connection. Care should be taken to assure

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

that the correct signals are connected to each other. See Figure 2 for the Link/Repeater's
pin signal assignments. Check your IED's equipment manual for its signal assignments.

The IED must also have intelligent software to execute the data communication. This
intelligence needs to logically manage the data and signal traffic, including any addressing,
token passing, "handshaking", data formatting and scheduling.

1.2.11.2 Fiber Optic Cable (FOC)

The selection of the fiber optic cable is important. High quality cable can assure the
maximum performance of your Link/Repeater. Important factors to consider are the
manufacturer's specification on attenuation per unit length, attenuation due to aging,
diameter, and tensile strength. Choosing the best quality FOC for your installation is
important.

NOTE

DYMEC can supply multi-mode glass FOC in either Simplex, Duplex, or Breakout construction, cut to length,
terminated, polished and tested. The specification for all DYMEC supplied cables are as follows:
Fiber Diameter: 62.5/125µm
Tensile Strength: 100 kpsi
Loss: 3 dB per kilometer
Aging Loss: less than 3 dB

Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT Link/Repeater optical ports are designed for ST
type terminations and are compatible with multi-mode FOC ranging from 50 µm to 200
µm.

Model 5843SHRT and Model 5844SHRT Link/Repeater optical ports are designed for
ST type terminations and are compatible with single-mode FOC ranging from 5 µm to
13 µm.

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS232 or TTL

2. CONFIGURATIONS, OPERATION, AND INSTALLATION

Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT Link/Repeaters can be connected in a Point-to-Point configuration, in a
Master/Slave Loop, in a Peer-to-Peer Loop or an optical bus depending on the needs of the overall
communication system.

These models are designed to accept electrical inputs per RS-232 and TTL standards.

RS-232 data communication signals are always on pins 2 or 3 (transmit or receive pin assignment is based
upon the setting of the DTE/DCE switch) of the Link/Repeater's 9 Pin D-connector.

For TTL data communication, the transmit (Link/Repeater receive) is on either pin 2 or 3 depending on the
setting of the DTE/DCE switch and the receive (Link/Repeater transmit) is on pin 8.

When the Link/Repeater has a high TTL potential (above 2.4 volts) on its transmit pin, it will transmit optically.

All signal voltage levels on the 9 Pin D-connector are referenced to pin 5 of the D-connector.

NOTE

Pin 8 always has the TTL data output signal present even during RS-232 communication. Be sure that the
presence of the TTL signal on pin 8 will not adversely affect the IED operation.

It is also possible to optically connect Link/Repeaters together which are connected to IED’s with different
electrical formats. It is possible to optically interconnect Models 5845HRT and 5846HRT (operating EIA
422/485) to DYMEC Models 5843HRT and 5844HRT which are connected to IED’s operating RS-232 or TTL
formats.

APPLICATION NOTE

DYMEC Models 5843HRT, 5844HRT, 5845HRT and 5846HRT can optically communicate to each other,
eliminating the need for format translation interfaces, provided all connected devices are operating at the
same data rate.

2.1 POINT-TO-POINT CONFIGURATION

For Point-to-Point operation, two Link/Repeaters are optically connected to each other.

This configuration permits full duplex communication (simultaneous transmitting and receiving), half duplex
communication (sequential transmitting and receiving), and simplex (transmitting or receiving only).

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APPLICATION NOTE

In Point-to-Point operation, the communication logic (control software) of the IED’s must manage:

1) The transmission of data signals.

2) The receipt of data signals.
3) Any "handshaking" required must be accomplished through software.

M aster Slave

T COM R T COM R

2 5 3 3 5 2
DT E DTE

DCE DCE

ON ON

OFF OFF

FIGURE 6. Point-to-Point Configuration

2.1.1 Installation

1. Set the DTE/DCE Switch to the appropriate position for each Link/Repeater and its respective IED.

2. Set the Repeat Switch on all of the units to the "OFF" position.

3. Connect the Link/Repeater to the IED's RS-232 or TTL communication port (including any adapter
that may be needed).

4. Connect the Fiber Optic Cables (T of one device to R of the second device).

5. Connect power to the Link/Repeater as follows:

A) If the unit is to be powered through the D-connector (9 to 15 VDC on pin 9 referenced to pin
5), then the unit is energized when it is connected to the D-connector (the power LED will
illuminate).

B) Connect power leads to the power connector and then energize the power source. The unit
is now powered (the power LED will illuminate).

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WARNING

When installing a Model 5844HRT or 5844SHRT Link/Repeater, an

earth Ground must be attached to the Ground Stud on the side of
the case before connecting to power. Failure to follow this procedure
may result in electrical shock to personnel.

6. The units are now installed and operating.

7. Verify operation using the diagnostic LEDs. (See Figure 5).

NOTE

The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal "quiet" times.

The LEDs may "flicker". This is normal operation.

APPLICATION NOTE

The Point-to-Point concept can be used to create an "optical bus" network. This can be useful for those
situations where the software in the Master has not been written in such a way that it can handle the return
of the transmitted echo that occurs in loop networks.

Figure 7 shows the connection scheme for an RS-232 optical bus.

Note that all Slaves hear the Master's transmission but only the Master hears the response from the
addressed Slave. The Master must always be the first IED in the network.

RS 232 Master / Slave

M aster Typical Slave Last Slave

T COM R T COM R T COM R

2 5 3 ON 2 5 3 2 5 3 ON 2 5 3
OFF O FF

ON ON

O FF OFF

FIGURE 7. RS-232 Bus Configuration

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APPLICATION NOTE

Another variation of the point-to-point concept, is the Optical Star network. This topology may be created
using the Dymec Optical Star OS5 or OS9. This topology creates a “Hub and Spoke” configuration which
can be useful in solving a network configuration based upon the physical positioning of the nodes.

The Dymec Optical Stars can also be used to create a multi-drop Master / Slave Optical Star network. The
Model 5843HRT and 5844HRT are optically compatible with the OS5 and OS9 Master and Slave ports. Figure
9 shows a typical connection of an Optical Star network.

The master IED must always be connected to the Master port of the Optical Star. The slave IED’s must always
be connected to the Slave ports of the Optical Star.

Variations of this configuration are as follows:

• The optical star may be the last node of an optical bus configuration. One may create an Optical Bus
configuration starting with the Master IED to a series of Slave IED’s and then connect the fiber network to
the Master port of the OS5 or OS9 to continue the network in a “Hub and Spoke” topology.

• A Master IED may be connected to the master port of an OS5 or OS9 and then an Optical Bus network
may be created from any Slave Port of the Optical Star.

• The Optical Stars maybe “cascaded”. Cascading means optically connecting a Slave Port of one Optical
Star to the Master Port of the next Optical Star.

• IED’s of different electrical formats (i.e., RS-232, EIA 422, EIA 485 2-wire or EIA 485 4-wire) may also be
interconnected optically in the Star Configuration. Models 5845HRT and Models 5846HRT are optically
compatible with the 5843HRT and 5846HRT and are used to serve to serve the EIA 422 and EIA 485
devices.

NOTE

It is not recommended that a “loop network” be connected to an Optical Stars Slave Port

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M aster
IED
T R

MODEL OS5 FIBER OPT IC STAR

Slave Slave Slave

IED IED IED
T R T R T R

MODEL OS5 FIBER OPT IC STAR

Slave Slave Slave Slave

IED IED IED IED
T R T R T R T R

FIGURE 9. Optical Star Configuration

(OS5 cascaded to an OS5)

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2.2 LOOP OPERATION - MASTER/SLAVE CONFIGURATION

NOTE

Before constructing a loop network, be sure that the software protocol of the Master is capable of managing
the receipt of its own, echoed transmission. If it cannot, then use Point-to-Point configurations only between
devices in an "optical bus" network approach.

This configuration supports a system that requires more than two IED’s to be communicating. In a
Master/Slave loop system, one IED acts as a Master at all times and addresses or "polls" each of the other
connected IED’s individually. Each Slave receives the same transmission from the Master IED but only
responds when it recognizes its address in the polling message.

M aster

T COM R

2 5 3
ON

OFF

ON ON ON

OFF OFF OFF

3 5 2 3 5 2 3 5 2

T COM R T COM R T COM R

Slave Slave Slave

FIGURE 8. Master/Slave Loop Configuration

The Master must have its Repeat Switch in the "OFF" position. When it transmits a request out its T optical
port, it will receive the echo of its request at its R optical port. This request has gone around the loop, and has
been repeated by each Slave in the loop. However, the Master does not repeat (re-transmit) any of these
received signals optically back around the loop, because its Repeat Switch is in the "OFF" position.

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NOTE

The communication logic and control software of the Master IED must be able to manage the receipt of its
echoed request. The receipt of the echo can be used in conjunction with a watchdog timer to continuously
verify loop integrity.

When addressed, the Slave will transmit an appropriate response. Each Link/Repeater connected to a Slave
IED must have its Repeat Switch set in the “ON” position. In this mode, all signals received on a Slave's R
optical port are delivered to the IED’s communication port and at the same time repeated out the T optical port
to the next device in the loop. If an IED determines that this request requires a response, then the
Link/Repeater transmits the IED’s response out the T optical port. The response is repeated at each Slave
device, until it arrives at the Master.

When an IED is a Slave, it should not attempt to initiate a transmission while it is receiving a signal. Since
signals being received are also being repeated at the same time, any attempts to transmit its response while
still receiving can corrupt both transmissions due to a data collision.

CAUTION

If a Slave IED attempts to transmit while receiving a message, a

data collision will occur.

In Master/Slave Loop Operation, half duplex communication (sequential transmit and receive functions) is
available. Only the Master can communicate full duplex (simultaneous transmit and receive) in a Master/Slave
loop.

APPLICATION NOTE

In a Master/Slave Loop Operation, the communication logic (control software) and the Master IED must
manage:

1) The transmission to Slaves (including addressing).

2) The receipt of the echo of its transmissions.
3) The receipt of the Slave's response to its transmission.
4) The control of the Slaves to prevent the initiation of a transmission while receiving a signal.

2.2.1 Installation

1. Set the DTE/DCE Switch to the appropriate position for each Link/Repeater and its respective IED.

2. Set the Repeat Switch to the "OFF" position on the Master. Set the Repeat Switch to the “ON”
position on each Slave.

3. Connect the Link/Repeater to the IED's RS-232 or TTL communication port (Including any adapter
that may be needed).

4. Connect the Fiber Optic Cables (T of one device to R of the next device in the loop). Continue
around the loop back to the Master to close the loop.

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5. Connect power to the Link/Repeater as follows:

A) If the unit is to be powered through the D-connector (9 to 15 VDC on pin 9 referenced to pin
5), then the unit is energized when it is connected to the D-connector (the power LED will
illuminate).

B) If the unit is to be powered through the power connector: Connect the power leads and the
power connector and then energize the power source. The unit is now powered (the power
LED will illuminate).

WARNING

When installing a Model 5844HRT or 5844SHRT Link/Repeater, an

earth Ground must be attached to the Ground Stud on the face of
the case before connecting to power. Failure to follow this procedure
may result in electrical shock to personnel.

6. The units are now installed and operating.

7. Verify operation using the diagnostic LEDs. (See Figure 5).

NOTE

The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal "quiet" times.

The LEDs may "flicker". This is normal operation.

2.3 LOOP OPERATION - PEER-TO-PEER CONFIGURATION

NOTE

Before constructing a loop network, be sure that the software protocol is capable of managing the receipt of
the echo of its own transmission. If it cannot, then use Point-to-Point configurations only between devices
in an "optical bus" network approach.

A Peer-to-Peer loop configuration is similar to the Master/Slave loop configuration except that each IED in the
loop is capable of Mastering the loop in a pseudo-Master/Slave loop. To achieve this, Models 5843HRT and
5844HRT provide an electrical means of controlling the "OFF/REP" function.

In this system, all Link/Repeaters are connected in a loop with their Repeat Switch in the "OFF" position. Each
IED must be able to control pin 7 of the D-connector to enable and disable the “ON” function. When an IED
applies a low potential (less than 0.6 Vdc to pin 7) it enables the repeat function of the Link/Repeaters. This is
equivalent to the Repeat Switch being in the “ON” position. When an IED wishes to become the loop Master, it
raises the potential on pin 7 to a high potential (greater than 2.0 Vdc). This disables the Link/Repeaters' repeat
function as if the Repeat Switch were in the "OFF" position.

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NOTE

The communication logic and control software of the Master IED must be able to manage the receipt of its
echoed request. The receipt of the echo can be used in conjunction with a watchdog timer to continuously
verify loop integrity.

ON ON ON

OFF OFF O FF

3 5 2 3 5 2 3 5 2

T COM R T COM R T COM R

IED IED IED

FIGURE 9. Peer-to-Peer Loop Configuration

When the potential on pin 7 is low, signals received on the R optical port are delivered to the IED and are
repeated out the T optical port to the next device in the loop. A high potential on pin 7 causes signals received
on the R optical port to be delivered to the IED only and are not repeated out the T port. It is not necessary for
a Slave to raise the potential of its pin 7 to transmit.

After an IED has completed its tasks mastering the loop, it must return its pin 7 to a low potential enabling its
repeater function, re-establishing loop continuity for the next IED that becomes loop Master.

NOTE

Powering and Controlling pin 7 is ignored in all configurations except Peer-to-Peer loop operation.

Half duplex communication is available with this configuration.

When an IED is in the Slave state, it should not attempt to initiate a transmission while it is receiving a signal.
Since signals being received are also being repeated at the same time, any attempt to transmit its response
while still receiving, can corrupt both transmissions due to a data collision.

NOTE
Any Link/Repeater that has its Repeat Switch in the "OFF" position and has a high potential on pin 7 will not
repeat signals received on its R optical port out of its T port. Only transmissions initiated by its IED are
transmitted out its T optical port.

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APPLICATION NOTE
In Peer-to-Peer loop operation, the communication logic (control software) and the Master IED must manage:
1) The transmission to Slaves.
2) The receipt of the echo of its transmissions.
3) The receipt of the Slave's response to its transmission.
4) The control of pin 7 of D-connector.
5) The control of the Slaves to prevent the initiation of a transmission while receiving a signal.

2.3.1 Installation
1. Set the DTE/DCE Switch to the appropriate position for each Link/Repeater and its respective IED.
2. Set the Repeat Switch on all the units to the "OFF" position.
3. Connect the Link/Repeater to the IED's RS-232 or TTL communication port (Including any adapter
that may be needed).
4. Connect the Fiber Optic Cables (T of one device to R of the second device). Continue around the
loop to complete the loop.
5. Connect power to the Link/Repeater as follows:
A) If the unit is to be powered through the D-connector (9 to 15 VDC on pin 9 referenced to pin 5),
then the unit is energized when it is connected to the D-connector (the power LED will
illuminate).
B) If the unit is to be powered through power connector or power connector: Connect the power
leads and the power connector and then energize the power source. The unit is now powered
(the power LED will illuminate).

WARNING

When installing a Model 5844HRT or 5844SHRT Link/Repeater, an

earth Ground must be attached to the Ground Stud on the side of
the case before connecting to power. Failure to follow this procedure
may result in electrical shock to personnel.

6. The units are now installed and operating.

7. Verify operation using the diagnostic LEDs. (See Figure 5).
NOTE
The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal "quiet" times.
The LEDs may "flicker". This is normal operation.

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RS-232 or TTL

3. APPLICATIONS

When planning a system using Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT Link/Repeaters, the following
considerations should be reviewed:

• Data Rate
• Optical Budget and the distance between connected units
• Number of units in a loop configuration
• Powering the Link/Repeaters
• Type of communication including format
• Selection of Fiber Optic Cable (FOC)

3.1 DATA RATE

Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT Link/Repeaters automatically support all data rates from 1200
bits per second (AC Coupled Factory Default) to 250 Kilobits per second. No internal selection nor
setting is required. However, it is necessary that all connected IED’s be set at the same data rate.

3.2 OPTICAL BUDGET

The optical budget is a ratio of the receiver sensitivity to launched optical power, i.e. amount of light
loss available from the transmitter to the receiver. It is calculated on a log scale so that a 3 dB loss
is equal to half of the original power, 10 dB is one tenth of the original power, 20 dB is one
hundredth, etc. Many different elements in the optical circuit can induce losses to the power of the
signal. This attenuation must be taken into account when determining the distance that the signal
can be transmitted. The major factor is the attenuation of the fiber optic cable. Cable attenuation is
expressed as "X" dB per kilometer. Other factors of attenuation include FOC fittings (terminations,
splitters, etc.) FOC diameter, and FOC aging.

Optical budget is the result of the expression:

Receiver sensitivity [µw]
Optical Budget [dB] = 10 x log10
Launch Power [µw]

Each Model 5843HRT or 5844HRT Link/Repeater has a typical optical budget of 19.5 dB.

Each Model 5843SHRT or 5844SHRT Link/Repeater has a typical optical budget of 19 dB.

3.2.1 Cable Attenuation Factors

The following cable factors must be applied as corrections to the optical budget.

3.2.1.1 Diameter

Multi-mode:
FOC of different diameters will vary the available optical budget of a system
due to different FOC core diameters. The 19.5 dB typical optical budget is
applicable to 62.5µm diameter FOC. Table 1 shows the correction factors to
use on the available optical budget for different diameter cable.

Table 1

FOC Diameter Factor

50µm -3 dB
100µm +4 dB
200µm +7 dB

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Single-mode:
19 dB of optical budget is typically available and is essentially consistent for
fiber diameters.

3.2.1.2 Fittings

Adding additional splices, feed throughs, or patches to the FOC will add losses
to the available optical budget. When using multi-mode Fiber Optic Cable
terminated and supplied by DYMEC, optical connector losses can be ignored
because the cable is tested after the terminations are added. If you are using
fittings not supplied by DYMEC, you can get the optical budget loss information
from their manufacturer(s).

3.2.1.3 Aging

As FOC ages, tiny cracks will form in the glass core of the fiber. These will
cause the attenuation of the cable to increase. The optical emitters age over
time causing a reduction in their optical launch power.

DYMEC suggests that a buffer be applied to the optical budget to assure proper
operation of the unit over a 20-year life. A 2.5 dB to 3 dB loss factor is
suggested to compensate for system aging over 20 years.

EXAMPLE:

FOC is 62.5/125 µm multi-mode (DYMEC supplied)

100 kpsi rated 3 dB/km and 3 dB for aging
No other attenuating items in the circuit

initial: 19.5 dB Optical Budget

less: 3 dB aging
less: 0 dB for other circuit attenuation fittings
equals: 16.5 dB
divided by: 3 dB/km
equals: 5.5 km maximum distance of FOC between
transmitter and receiver

NOTE

FOC extends communication beyond normal RS-232 or TTL Standards limits. The distance
allowable between Link/Repeaters must be calculated using the factors listed above.

3.2.2 Extending the Distance

Should the distance between two devices exceed that calculated above, it is possible to
insert a Model 5843HRT or Model 5844HRT Link/Repeater to function as a stand alone
repeater, not connected to an IED. Two Link/Repeaters would be necessary, one for each
fiber path. When installed as a repeater only, the 9 Pin D-connector of either Model
5843HRT or Model 5844HRT should be installed with a terminator that covers the pins and
connects the transmit pin (2 or 3 - depending on the DTE/DCE switch position) to the signal
common pin 5 and also connects the signal common pin 5 to the chassis ground pin 1.

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3.3 NUMBER OF REPEATS

In a loop configuration, the number of units that can be used as repeaters must be determined. A
repeater is any unit that uses the repeat function of the Link/Repeater. All Slaves in a Master/Slave
loop are considered repeaters. Three factors must be considered in calculating the maximum
number of repeaters possible in a loop; the data rate (bits per second), the minimum required width
of the original pulse echoed back to the Master, and the peak operating temperature.

N u m b e r o f R e p e a ts in a L o o p C o n fig u ra tio n *

1 00 0

10 0
Repeats

10

1
1 10 10 0 10 00
D a ta R a te s (k b p s )

FIGURE 10. Number of Repeats

3.3.1 Effects of Data Rate

The number of repeaters is an inverse linear function to the data rate (more repeats at
lower data rates). The data rate, or bits per second rate, determines what the original pulse
width of each bit will be. The higher the data rate, the smaller the pulse width of each bit.
As the signal passes through a repeater, any distortion effect on the data signal is greater at
higher data rates due to smaller pulse widths then lower data rates.

3.3.2 Pulse Width Distortion

As the data signal is passed from repeater to repeater, there is a small change to the pulse
width defined as pulse width distortion. The amount of change that is tolerable corresponds
to the percentage of original pulse width required by a particular communication system
design. Typically, a communication system requires the data word, or bit stream, that each
Slave IED receives, match the signal originally generated by the Master, within some
tolerance of pulse width distortion. High tolerance systems allow more pulse width
distortion, therefore, more repeats are tolerated. Conversely, low tolerance systems allow
fewer repeats in the loop.

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Figure 10 shows the maximum number of repeats possible if 70% of the original pulse width
is required by any IED in the loop. The acceptable percentage of the original pulse width is
due to the requirements of the IED’s. If more of the original pulse width is necessary or less
is allowable, then the number found in Figure 10 can be modified. Table 2 shows the
factors to be used to correct the number of repeats found in Figure 10 for such cases.

Table 2

% of Original Pulse Multiply Factor

80% .67
60% 1.33
50% 1.67

3.3.3 Temperature Effect

At peak operating temperature above 65°C, the maximum number of repeats should be de-
rated by 20%. At higher temperatures, the distortion caused by each repeat increases,
causing the maximum number of possible repeaters to go down.

EXAMPLE:

Peak temperature of the system will be 70°C

Running at 9600 bps
60% of original pulse width possible

initial: 100 repeats (from Figure 10)

less: 20% de-rate for 70°C
times: 1.33 for 60% pulse width
equals: 100 x 0.8 x 1.33 = 106 repeats

3.4 POWERING THE LINK/REPEATER

3.4.1 Model 5843HRT

Model 5843HRT may be powered through pin 9 on the D-connector or by means of the 3.5
mm female connector located between its two optical ports. The unit has an input voltage
range of 9 to 15 Vdc and requires a maximum of 250 mA (340mA for the 5843SHRT) over
the entire operating temperature range. DYMEC's Model 4310S ac to dc power adapter is
designed specifically for this purpose. It connects directly into a normal 110 volt power
receptacle and has an operating temperature range of -0°C to +70°C.

3.4.2 Model 5844HRT

Model 5844HRT is designed with an internal universal regulated power supply for envi-
ronments where unregulated ac or dc voltages are available. It accepts ac voltages in a
range of 90 to 250 volts, 50 or 60 hertz, or dc voltages in a range of 90 to 250 volts. These
power sources must be capable of supplying 35 mA (50mA for the 5844SHRT) over the
entire operating range. It is also possible to power the Model 5844HRT through pin 9 on the
D-connector.

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 NOTE

The Model 5844HRT or Model 5844SHRT can be ordered to accommodate 24 Vdc to 48 Vdc power.

Model 5844HRT is provided with a ground stud on the side of the case. An appropriate
earth ground must be connected to this stud before power is applied to the unit. The
internal surge-withstand protection inside of the unit uses this ground stud as a sink for
power surges. If the unit is not properly grounded, it may store a charge until a path to
ground becomes available. The lowest impedance to ground is recommended to avoid a
ground potential rise.

WARNING

When installing a Model 5844HRT or Model 5844SHRT

Link/Repeater, an earth Ground must be attached to the
Ground Stud on the side of the case before connecting
to power. Failure to follow this procedure may result in
electrical shock to personnel.

3.5 OPTIONAL STATION POWER VOLTAGES

Models 5844HRT and 5844SHRT can be ordered to be powered by 24 to 48 Vdc. This

modification is indicated by the suffix -L added to the Model number (i.e. 5844HRT-L).
When ordered with either of these options, the unit has that DC voltage rating only and is
Surge Withstand Protected to IEC 61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5 Standard and ANSI IEEE
C37.90.1 - 1989.

3.6 TYPE OF COMMUNICATION

Model 5843HRT and Model 5844HRT Link/Repeaters support the following types of
asynchronous communications:

Simplex - Transmission only or receive only

Half Duplex - Sequential transmit and receive
Full Duplex - Simultaneous transmit and receive

Simplex Half Duplex Full Duplex

Point-to-Point: X X X
(Repeat Switch "OFF")

Master/Save Loop: X X X
Master (Repeat Switch OFF")

Master/Slave Loop X X
Slave (Repeat Switch “ON”)

Peer-to-Peer Loop: X X X
Master (Repeat Switch "OFF" and pin 7 "high")

Peer-to-Peer Loop: X X
Slave (Repeat Switch "OFF" and pin 7 "low")

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RS-232 or TTL

3.7 SELECTION OF FIBER OPTIC CABLE (FOC)

Fiber optical cable is available in several formats; simplex, duplex, and breakout. FOC is
also available in various diameters and tensile strengths. Tensile strength is important for
longer life expectancy.

Simplex FOC is desirable for loop operations. It has one optical conductor and can be
connected from the transmitter of one Link/Repeater to the receiver of the next
Link/Repeater in the loop.

Duplex FOC has two optical conductors and is a convenient form when connecting two
units Point-to-Point.

Breakout cable is a duplex FOC that has extra strength members added and is suit-
able for burial.

The following are the specifications of multi-mode FOC offered by DYMEC and is the recommended
minimum standard for optimum performance.

Simplex Duplex Breakout

Fiber Count 1 2 2
Fiber Material Glass Glass Glass
Attenuation [dB/km] 3 3 3
Diameter [mm] 3.0 3.0 x 6.5 7.0
Weight [kg/km] 8.0 16.0 50
Tensile load - Short Term [N] 500 1000 1200
Tensile load - Long Term [N] 300 500 500
Minimum Bend Radius - With Load [cm] 5 5 14
Minimum Bend Radius - No Load [cm] 3 3 7
Crush Resistance [N/cm] 750 750 2200
Impact Resistance [Cycles] 1000 1000 2500
Flex Resistance [Cycles] 7500 7500 2000
o o o o o o o
Operating Temperature [ C] -40 to +85 -40 to +85 -40 to +85
o o o o o o o
Storage Temperature [ C] -55 to +85 -55 to +85 -55 to +85

METRIC-TO-ENGLISH UNIT CONVERSIONS

MULTIPLY MULTIPLY
BY BY

Millimeters → Inches 0.03937 Kilograms → Pounds 2.2046

Centimeters → Inches 0.3937 Kg/Km → Pounds/1,000 Ft 0.67197
Meters → Feet 3.2808 Newtons → Pounds 0.22481
Kilometers → Feet 3280.8 N/Cm → Pounds/inch 0.57101
Kilometers → Miles
0.62137

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4. TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING

4.1 TESTING

Models 5843HRT and 5844HRT lend themselves to easy installation and testing. Testing the units
requires transmitting and receiving data or setting the Test Mode switch to ON while observing that
the diagnostic LEDs are illuminating in the proper sequence.

To test whether a unit is transmitting and receiving correctly, insert a short fiber jumper between its
T and R optical ports, transmit a signal (or turn the Test Mode Switch ON) and note that all four
diagnostic LEDs should illuminate during communication (refer to Figure 5).

To test the units in a loop configuration, two Link/Repeaters are required. Connect short Fiber
jumper from the T optical port of one Link/Repeater to the R optical port of the other. Set the
Repeat Switch for one of the units to ON and the other to OFF. The unit with the Repeat Switch in
the OFF position is the Master. Using the Master, transmit and receive (or use the Test Mode
Switch in the ON position) through the other unit in the repeat mode. Observe that the diagnostic
LEDs illuminate during communication (refer to Figure 5).

When a Link/Repeater is not connected to an IED and is in the "repeat" mode, Transmit (pin 2 or pin
3) depending on the position of the DCE/DTE switch) and Chassis Ground (pin 1) should be
connected to Signal Common (pin 5). This will prevent any spurious noise from being induced into
the fiber optic loop circuit while servicing an IED.

Models 5843SHRT and 5844SHRT (only)

When not connected to an IED and in the repeat mode, the Link/Repeater should have Chassis
Ground (pin 1) connected to Signal Common (pin 5). If these pins are not tied together, noise could
be induced into the fiber loop. This is also necessary when servicing an IED in order to keep the
fiber loop and the Link/Repeater operational.

WARNING

The jumper connecting Chassis Ground and Signal Common should be

disconnected before reconnecting Models 5843SHRT or 5844SHRT to
an IED.

4.2 TROUBLESHOOTING

If the unit does not work properly, use the following check list:

• Is the unit properly powered?

1) Verify the unit is receiving the correct power.

2) Is the Power LED on.
2) If required, make sure power from D-connector is on Pin 9.

• Check that the diagnostic LEDs are responding to the optical and electrical activity.

• Is the unit mated properly to the IED? If an adapter is used, check that pin assignments are
connected correctly.

1) Are the fiber cables connected properly? T to R; not R to R nor T to T.

2) Is the DTE/DCE switch and the Repeat switch set to the proper positions for the
application?

4-1

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 Models 5843, 5844, 5843S and 5844S
RS-232 or TTL

• Determine that the IED's originating signal is within standards.

NOTE

If the Link/Repeater is not connected directly to an IED, determine that the electrical signal
received by the Link/Repeater is not corrupt. The Link/Repeater only repeats the signal it is given,
it does not re-clock or re-generate the signal.

• Review the IED's software and protocols. Does the IED have physical "handshaking"
requirements and have the appropriate settings on the IED been made to compensate for
these requirements?

• Consult factory.

NOTE

The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal "quiet"
times. The LEDs may "flicker". This is normal operation.

NOTE

Link/Repeaters contain no serviceable parts. Opening the unit will void the warranty.

4-2

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 5. SPECIFICATIONS
5.1 Electrical and Optical Specifications (All Specifications over entire Operating Temperature Range)
Multimode 5843HRT 5844HRT
Optical Budget Typical 19.5 dB 19.5 dB
Output power Typical -10.5 dBm peak -10.5 dBm peak
Receiver Sensitivity Typical -30 dBm peak -30 dBm peak
(62.5/125 Multimode) (62.5/125 Multimode)
Wavelength 850nm 850nm
Connector Type ST ST
Compatible Fiber Type Multimode (50-200µm) Multimode (50-200µm)
Configuration (Switches) DTE/DCE DTE/DCE
AC/DC Coupled AC/DC Coupled
Link/Repeat Link/Repeat
Pin 8 Drive Current Pin 8 Drive Current
Pin 6 +5 V (DSR or CTS pull-up) Pin 6 +5 V (DSR or CTS pull-up)
Diagnostic Mode Diagnostic Mode
Data Rate DC to 250K bps DC to 250K bps
Data Transmission Asynchronous, simplex Asynchronous, simplex
or Full Duplex or Full Duplex
Transmission Distance up to 5000 meters up to 5000 meters
(62.5/125 Cable@3dB/km) (62.5/125 Cable@3dB/km)
Bit Error Rate 10-E9 Max. 10-E9 Max.
Point to Point Latency 4 µsec Max 4 µsec Max
Repeat Latency 400 nsec Max 400 nsec Max
Electrical Parameters
Inputs
I/O Data Format EIA RS232; CCITT v24 EIA RS232; CCITT v24
Data Connector 9 pin D-Type Female 9 pin D-Type Female
Input Impedance >3000Ohms >3000Ohms
Input Voltage +/- 30 Volts Max +/- 30 Volts Max
Outputs
Output Impedance >300 Ohms >300 Ohms
Driver Output +/- 5 V min into 3000 Ohms +/- 5 V min into 3000 Ohms
Pin 8 Output 0 to 5V 0 to 5V
67 or 207 Ohm 67 or 207 Ohm
Source Impedance Source Impedance
Ambient Temperature
Operating Temperatures -40 to +85 C -40 to +85 C
Storage Temperature -40 to +85 C -40 to +85 C
Power Required 3.0 Watts 4.0 Watts
250 mA @ 12V 35 mA @ 90-250 V (-H)
250 mA @ 24-48 V (-L)
Power Dissipation BTU/H 8.2 BTU 10.9 BTU
Weight 9 Ozs. 17 Ozs.
Dimensions Inches 2.0W X 5.1L X 1.3H 4.1W X 5.1L X 1.3H
Indicators Power Power
Transmit Fiber Transmit Fiber
Transmit Electrical Transmit Electrical
Receive Fiber Receive Fiber
Receive Electrical Receive Electrical
All Specifications are subject to change without notice.
5-1

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 Single-mode 5843SHRT 5844SHRT
Optical Budget Typical 19 dB 19 dB
Output power Typical -14.5 dBm peak -14.5 dBm peak
Receiver Sensitivity Typical -33.5 dBm peak -33.5 dBm peak
(9/125 Single-Mode) (9/125 Single-Mode)
Wavelength 1300nm 1300nm
Connector Type ST ST
Compatible Fiber Type Single-Mode (9-13µm) Single-Mode (9-13µm)
Configuration (Switches) DTE/DCE DTE/DCE
AC/DC Coupled AC/DC Coupled
Link/Repeat Link/Repeat
Pin 8 Drive Current Pin 8 Drive Current
Pin 6 +5 V (DSR or CTS pull-up) Pin 6 +5 V (DSR or CTS pull-up)
Diagnostic Mode Diagnostic Mode
Data Rate DC to 250K bps DC to 250K bps
Data Transmission Asynchronous, simplex Asynchronous, simplex
or Full Duplex or Full Duplex
Transmission Distance up to ~30K meters up to ~30K meters
(9/125 [email protected]/km) (9/125 [email protected]/km)
Bit Error Rate 10-E9 Max. 10-E9 Max.
Point to Point Latency 4 µsec Max 4 µsec Max
Repeat Latency 400 nsec Max 400 nsec Max
Electrical Parameters
Inputs
I/O Data Format EIA RS232; CCITT v24 EIA RS232; CCITT v24
Data Connector 9 pin D-Type Female 9 pin D-Type Female
Input Impedance >3000Ohms >3000Ohms
Input Voltage +/- 30 Volts Max +/- 30 Volts Max
Outputs
Output Impedance >300 Ohms >300 Ohms
Driver Output +/- 5 V min into 3000 Ohms +/- 5 V min into 3000 Ohms
Pin 8 Output 0 to 5V 0 to 5V
67 or 207 Ohm
67 or 207 Ohm Source Impedance
Source Impedance
Ambient Temperature
Operating Temperatures -40 to +70 C -40 to +70 C
Storage Temperature -40 to +85 C -40 to +85 C
Power Required 4.1 Watts 5.5 Watts
340 mA @ 12V 50 mA @ 90-250 V (-H)
340 mA @ 18-60 V (-L)
Power Dissipation BTU/H 10.2 BTU 12.3 BTU
Weight 9 Ozs. 17 Ozs.
Dimensions Inches 2.0W X 5.1L X 1.3H 4.1W X 5.1L X 1.3H
Indicators Power Power
Transmit Fiber Transmit Fiber
Transmit Electrical Transmit Electrical
Receive Fiber Receive Fiber
Receive Electrical Receive Electrical

5-2

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 5.2 Mechanical Dimensions of the 5843HRT and 5843SHRT

GND STUD 12 VO LTS D C

Only

4.14

5.14

4.64 1.26

#6-32 THREAD SST

.34
PWR

RO

TO

TE
RE

SWITCH ACCESS
1.25 2.06

DYM EC M ODEL 5843 LINK/REPEATER

RS232
MADE IN U.S.A.

R T

.50
.17
REM O VABLE ACCESS PLATE

TYPE "ST" 9 PIN "D" CO NNECTO R W ITH

F.O . CO NNECTO R # 4-40 STAND OFF HARDW ARE

NO TE: DIM ENSIO NS ARE IN INCHES.

5-3

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 5.3 Mechanical Dimensions of the 5844HRT and 5844SHRT

#6-32 TH READ
SST

.46

5.14
1.25

G round Stud

DYM EC MODEL 5844 LINK/REPEATER

RS232

90-250 Vdc/Vac -H
2.00 4.12
24-48 Vdc -L
PWR MADE IN U.S.A.

RO

RE

TO

TE
SWITCH
ACCESS

R T

.50
.17
REM OVABLE ACCESS PLATE

TYPE "ST" 9 PIN "D" CONNECTOR W ITH

F.O. CONNECTOR # 4-40 STANDOFF HARDW ARE

5-4

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 6.0 Ordering Information:

LINK/REPEATERS

Part Number
Model EIA Std Fiber Type Input Power Rating
5843HRT RS-232/TTL Multi-Mode 12 Vdc
5844HRT-H RS-232/TTL Multi-Mode 90-250 Vdc/ 90-250 Vac
5844HRT-L RS-232/TTL Multi-Mode 24-48 Vdc
5845HRT EIA 422/485 Multi-Mode 12 Vdc
5846HRT-H EIA 422/485 Multi-Mode 90-250 Vdc/ 90-250 Vac
5846HRT-L EIA 422/485 Multi-Mode 24-48 Vdc
5843SHRT RS-232/TTL Single-Mode 12 Vdc
5844SHRT-H RS-232/TTL Single-Mode 90-250 Vdc/ 90-250 Vac
5844SHRT-L RS-232/TTL Single-Mode 24-48 Vdc
5845SHRT EIA 422/485 Single-Mode 12 Vdc
5846SHRT-H EIA 422/485 Single-Mode 90-250 Vdc/ 90-250 Vac
5846SHRT-L EIA 422/485 Single-Mode 24-48 Vdc

ACCESSORIES

Model Description
4310 AC to 12 Vdc Power adapter for Models 5843HRT and 5845
4310S AC to 12 Vdc Power adapter for Models 5843SHRT and 5845S
ACC-CBL1 DB9 Male/Tinned Lead 10Foot Cable/Pigtail
ACC-LCS Link Cantilever Shelf
Bulletin UM5843 User Manual for Models 5843, 5843S, 5844 and 5844S
Bulletin UM5845 User Manual for Models 5845, 5845S, 5846 and 5846S
5753A-XXXX Simplex Multi-Mode Fiber Optic Cable (62.5/125 µm), 100 KPSI.
Suitable for use in cable troughs, conduit, and outdoor applications.
5754A-XXXX Duplex Multi-Mode Fiber Optic Cable (62.5/125 µm), 100 KPSI.
Suitable for use in cable troughs, conduit, and outdoor applications.
5756A-XXXX Breakout Duplex Multi-Mode Fiber Optic Cable (62.5/125 µm), 100
KPSI. Suitable for use in cable troughs, conduit, and outdoor applica-
tions and direct burial, underground burial, lashed and building riser.
Terminations Cable cut to length, Terminated with ST Type Multi-Mode Fiber Optic
Connector and Complete Assembly Tested
XXXX = the length of the fiber optic cable in Meters (note: order only in full
meters and not a fraction thereof) 1 Meter = 3.281 Feet

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 READER'S COMMENTS

We invite your comments and welcome suggestions to make this manual more useful.

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