JUMPING JACKED

Jump High. Get Jacked.

Table of Contents
This is an interactive e-book. Here in the table of Contents, you can tap on any of the days to go directly
to your workout. Tap on any exercise to see an example video. These pages are linked as well.

PLEASE READ!

Welcome Page
Tendon Health / Mobility
General Notes / Outlines
Phase ONE
WEEK ONE
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK TWO
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK THREE
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK FOUR
Day 1 Day 2
Phase TWO
WEEK FIVE
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK SIX
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK SEVEN
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

WEEK EIGHT
Day 1 Day 2
 Welcome to JUMPING JACKED
This program is demanding, so before you get to the workouts,
let’s talk about taking care of your body..

Recovery
No doubt you will want to get the most out of this program. Assuming that’s the case, recovery needs
to be prioritized like any other part of the program. The ability to recover workout to workout will allow
for the greatest adaptations (gains) to occur. Ultimately, there are two things that will have the biggest
impact one’s ability to recover and adapt: caloric intake & sleep.

Caloric Intake:
In order to maximize muscle growth, it is strongly suggested you operate in a caloric surplus for the
duration of this program. If you aren’t eating enough you’re going to leave gains on the table.
On the other hand, having a low body fat percentage is important for getting jacked and jumping high.
As the saying goes, “Fat don’t fly.” If you need to lose weight and get lean, you should aim for a
small caloric deficit. Whether you use a surplus or deficit, most of your calories should come from lean
protein & healthy carb sources. Try to keep fats low. To summarize:

• Eat more if you want to gain weight

• Eat less if you want to lose weight

Whether you are losing or gaining, a diet high in protein and carbs
with minimal fats is recommended
These days there are literally tons of FREE macro calculators out there.…

Like this one

Sleep:
You are probably aware that sleep and recovery are synonymousis critical for recovery.
Here are some suggestions - do the best you can:

• Get 7-9 hours sleep a night

• Avoid blue light (TV/scrolling social media) 2 hours before bed

and/or wear blue light blocking glasses after sundown

• Try and sleep in a room with complete darkness

• 15-20 minutes of sunlight exposure before 11am

• If you’re a mouth breather: mouth tape and nasal strips during sleep
(I’m a BIG fan of nasal strips)

To wrap up recovery, if you wanna Jump High and Get Jacked:

eat well, sleep a lot, and follow the program!
 JUMPING JACKED
Tendon Health
Jumping, sprinting, and plyometrics are stressful on the body. People who do these activities a
lot can run into tendon pain related to overuse. The JUMPING JACKED program is designed with
this in mind; it should not cause issues for people with healthy tendons.

However we understand that people who enjoy jump training might be starting the program and
already have a history of pain. With this in mind, we provided a short therapeutic routine for the
patellar and achilles tendons. If you have any pain, you can use this routine daily to help your
tendons get healthier over time. Even if you have no issues at all, it’s still a good idea to do this routine
a couple times per week as a preventive measure.

Quad isometric hold: 30 seconds x6 each leg

Calf isometric hold: 30 seconds x3 each leg

Mobility
Accessing adequate range of motion, particularly in the hip joints, is important for strength
training effectively as well as moving fluidly in many athletic movements. Mobility is built through
training with full range of motion, which you will get from the program, and stretching.
The videos below show some good stretches that can be used as needed.

We do not need to pursue the flexibility of a gymnast or ballet dancer. We are really just trying to hit
some checkpoints and then maintain. There are a few standards shown in the videos.
Aim to meet those. If you do, doing a lot of stretching is unnecessary. You can use it to loosen up at
the end of workouts, but you do not need to pursue greater flexibility over time.

An example of stretch duration for a quick post workout stretch is a 3-second hold for 3 reps.

If you are nowhere near one or all of the standards, plan on putting some time into stretching daily to
increase range of motion. An example stretch duration that will actually increase flexibility is
a 10-second hold for 6 repetitions.

Glute and piriformis stretches: use as needed

Psoas and rectus femoris stretches: use as needed
Hamstring stretches: use as needed
Adductor stretches: use as needed
 JUMPING JACKED
GENERAL NOTES/OUTLINES

The program is 8 weeks long. However, it’s meant to be run over and over until your desired level of
bounce and jackedness is attained. In fact, it’s highly recommended you do this.

You’re going to need to know your 1 rep max (1rm) for your squat and bench press for this
program to get the most out of it. You’re also going to want to find a way to measure your vertical jump.
That could be using a vertec, a jump mat, or touching a spot on a backboard/wall/roof. It doesn’t matter
how, but find a way to know where you’re starting so that you can measure your progress.
Record it on camera! You’ll be happy you did when you see your progress.

In the final week, you will retest your 1RM for squat and & bench 1RM. You can then begin
JUMPING JACKED again with your new PR’s driving your program. Your best jumps will almost
certainly come during or after your deload weeks.

Do this enough times in a row and you will certainly jump higher,
and indeed, get jacked.

**Day 1 & Day 2 of each week are the most taxing.

Ideally, there is a full day of rest/recovery after both Day 1 and Day 2.
Here’s an example of what the week might look like:

Mon: Day 1, Wed: Day 2, Fri: Day 3, Sat: Day 4

**RPE—or the Rate of Perceived Exertion—is a scale used to identify the intensity of your exercise
based on how hard you feel (or perceive) your effort to be. The RPE scale typically runs from 0 to 10,
with zero being literally nothing and 10 being the hardest you could possibly exert yourself.

-For exercises without weight recommendation, find a good challenging weight that allows you to
complete the sets with GOOD form. Do NOT reach failure on any set.

-In the reps (weight) column, 3x5 (RPE 8) means 3 sets of 5 reps with a weight that feels like 8 out of 10
difficulty. 4x5 (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%) means 4 sets of 5 with those percentages of your 1RM.

-All percentages on lower body exercises refer to your 1RM deep squat. All percentages for upper body
refer to your 1RM bench press.

Rest periods between sets and exercises should be as long as necessary to recover for the next set
and/or circuit. When in doubt, rest longer. Don’t sacrifice quality in lieu of shorter rest periods.
None of the training methods in the program are enhanced by finishing the workouts faster.
 PHASE ONE WEEK ONE DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 4x5 2-3 minutes

(60%, 3 sets at RPE 7)

Bench Press 1xAMRAP 4-5 minutes

(80% of RPE 7)

Circuit

a. Dumbbell Incline Press 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 2x10 1-2 minutes

c. Ab Wheel 2x10 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 2x15 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK ONE DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Medium Hops 3x10 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 6x5 3-4 minutes
(50%, 60%, 70%, 3 sets at 75%)

Circuit

a. Leg Extensions 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Seated Hamstring Curls 2x15 1-2 minutes

c. Seated Calf Raises 2x15 1-2 minutes

d. Foam Roller Bridge 30 seconds x 2 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK ONE DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 20 yards x6 1-2 minutes

Tuck Jumps 3x10 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Pull Ups 3x5 2-3 minutes
(bodyweight, 2 sets at RPE 8)

Pull Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Pause Bench Press 3x5 (70%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit
a. Chest Flys 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Lat Pull Downs 2x15 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Tricep Push Downs 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Dumbbell Hammer Curls 2x15 each arm 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Raises 2x15 1-2 minutes

d. Dumbbell Side Bends 2x15 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK ONE DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band Box Squat 3x5 (60%) 2-3 minutes

Dumbbell Split Squats 3x8 each leg (30%) 1-2 minutes
(go down slowly)

RDL 3x8 (50%) 1-2 minutes

(go down slowly)

Circuit

a. Dorsiflexion 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Standing Calf Raises 2x15 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Lunge 2x15 1-2 minutes

d. Isometric Copenhagan 30 seconds x2 each leg 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK TWO DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 4x5 2-3 minutes

(60%, 3 sets at RPE 8)

Bench Press 1xAMRAP 4-5 minutes

(80% of RPE 8)

Circuit

a. Dumbbell Incline Press 3x12 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 3x8 1-2 minutes

c. Ab Wheel 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 3x12 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK TWO DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Medium Hops 3x10 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 6x4 3-4 minutes
(60%, 70%, 80%, 3 sets at 85%)

Circuit

a. Leg Extensions 3x12 1-2 minutes

b. Seated Hamstring Curls 3x12 1-2 minutes

c. Seated Calf Raises 3x12 1-2 minutes

d. Foam Roller Bridge 30 seconds x 3 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK TWO DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 30 yards x6 2-3 minutes

Rythmic Broad Jumps 4x3 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Pull Ups 4x5 2-3 minutes
(bodyweight, 3 sets at RPE 8)

Pull Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Pause Bench Press 4x5 (75%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit
a. Chest Flys 2x12 1-2 minutes

b. Lat Pull Downs 2x12 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Tricep Push Downs 3x12 1-2 minutes

b. Dumbbell Hammer Curls 3x12 each arm 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Raises 3x12 1-2 minutes

d. Dumbbell Side Bends 3x12 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK TWO DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band 2/3 Squat 5x4 (65%) 2-3 minutes

Dumbbell Split Squats 3x8 each leg (40%) 1-2 minutes

RDL 3x10 (50%, 55%, 60%) 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Dorsiflexion 3x15 1-2 minutes

b. Standing Calf Raises 3x12 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Lunge 3x12 1-2 minutes

d. Isometric Copenhagen 30 seconds x3 each leg 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK THREE DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 4x5 3-4 minutes

(60%, 3 sets at RPE 9)

Bench Press 1xAMRAP 4-5 minutes

(80% of RPE 9)

Circuit

a. Dumbbell Incline Press 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 3x6 1-2 minutes

c. Ab Wheel 2x10, 1xAMRAP 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 3x10 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK THREE DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Medium Hops 3x10 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 6x3 3-4 minutes
(60%, 70%, 80%, 85%,
2 sets at 90-95%)

Circuit

a. Leg Extensions 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Seated Hamstring Curls 3x10 1-2 minutes

c. Seated Calf Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Foam Roller Bridge 45 seconds x3 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK THREE DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 30 yards x8 2-3 minutes

Drop Jumps 3x5 1-2 minutes
from 24-30 inches

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Pull Ups 5x5 2-3 minutes
(bodyweight, 4 sets at RPE 9)

Pull Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Pause Bench Press 5x5 (75%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit
a. Chest Flys 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Lat Pull Downs 3x10 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Tricep Push Downs 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Dumbbell Hammer Curls 3x10 each arm 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Dumbbell Side Bends 3x10 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK THREE DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band Deep Squat 6x3 (70%) 2-3 minutes

Barbell Reverse Lunges 3x8 each leg (40%) 1-2 minutes

RDL 3x10 (55%, 60%, 65%) 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Dorsiflexion 3x15 1-2 minutes

b. Standing Calf Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

c. Dumbbell Lateral Lunge 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Isometric Copenhagen 30 seconds x3 each leg 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK FOUR DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Squat Jumps 2x10 1-2 minutes

Leg Extensions 2x10 1-2 minutes

Upper Body CNS Prep see video 1 minutes

Bench Press 2x5 (75%) 1-2 minutes

Chin Ups 2x5 (bodyweight) 1-2 minutes

 PHASE ONE WEEK FOUR DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 seconds

between jumps

Sprint 20 yards x4 1-2 minutes

Band Box Squat 3x5 (50%) 2 minutes

RDL 2x8 (50%) 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Push Ups 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Standing Calf Raises 2x10 1-2 minutes

c. Hanging Leg Raises 2x10 1-2 minutes
 PHASE TWO WEEK FIVE DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 5x3 3-4 minutes

(60%, 70%, 3 sets at RPE 8)

Circuit

a. Incline Bench Press 3x12 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 3x10 1-2 minutes

c. Cable Reverse Squats 3x12 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 3x12 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK FIVE DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Hops with Tuck 3x5 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 4x8 3-4 minutes
(50%, 60%, 70%, 75%)

Pistol Squats 2x6

Circuit

a. Single Leg Seated 3x10 1-2 minutes

Hamstring Curls

b. Seated Calf Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

c. Foam Roller Bridge 45 seconds x3 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK FIVE DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 20 yards x2, 40 yards x4 3-4 minutes

Tuck Jumps 3x10 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Chin Ups 3x5 (bodyweight, 2 sets at RPE 8) 2-3 minutes

Chin Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Band Bench Press 4x5 (60%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit

a. Chest Flys 3x15 1-2 minutes

b. Wrapping Lat Pulls 3x15 each arm 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Overhead 3x12 1-2 minutes

Tricep Extensions

b. Dumbbell Incline 3x12 1-2 minutes

Bicep Curls

c. Cable Lateral Raises 3x12 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK FIVE DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band Box Squat 3x5 (60%) 2-3 minutes

Dumbbell Split Squats 3x6 each leg (30%) 1-2 minutes
(2-second pause in bottom position)

RDL 3x8 (60%) 1-2 minutes

(go down slowly)

Circuit

a. Sissy Squat 3x6 1-2 minutes

b. Dorsiflexion 3x15 1-2 minutes

c. Standing Calf Raises 3x12 1-2 minutes

d. Active Copenhagen 3x12 each leg 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK SIX DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 5x3 3-4 minutes

(60%, 75%, 3 sets at RPE 9)

Circuit

a. Incline Bench Press 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 3x8 1-2 minutes

c. Cable Reverse Squats 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 3x10 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK SIX DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Hops with Tuck 4x5 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 5x5 3-4 minutes
(50%, 60%, 70%, 80%,
5-rep max aka RPE 10)

Pistol Squats 2x6

Circuit

a. Single Leg Seated 3x10 each leg 1-2 minutes

Hamstring Curls

b. Seated Calf Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

c. Foam Roller Bridge 45 seconds x3 1-2 minutes

with Oscillations
 PHASE TWO WEEK SIX DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 20 yards x2, 40 yards x5 3-4 minutes

Rythmic Broad Jumps 4x5 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Chin Ups 4x5 (bodyweight, 3 sets at RPE 8) 2-3 minutes

Chin Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Band Bench Press 5x4 (65%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit

a. Chest Flys 3x10 1-2 minutes

b. Wrapping Lat Pulls 3x10 each arm 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Overhead 3x10 1-2 minutes

Tricep Extensions

b. Dumbbell Incline 3x10 1-2 minutes

Bicep Curls

c. Cable Lateral Raises 3x10 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK SIX DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band 2/3 Squat 5x4 (65%) 2-3 minutes

Barbell Split Squats 3x6 each leg (45%) 1-2 minutes

RDL 3x8 (60%) 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Sissy Squat 3x8 1-2 minutes

b. Dorsiflexion 3x15 1-2 minutes

c. Standing Calf Raises 3x10 1-2 minutes

d. Active Copenhagen 3x10 each leg 1-2 minutes

(2-second hold in top position)
 PHASE TWO WEEK SEVEN DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session see video min. 30 secs

between jumps

Upper Body see video 1 minute
CNS Prep

Bench Press 5x3 3-4 minutes

(60%, 75%, 3 sets at RPE 9.5)

Circuit

a. Incline Bench Press 4x8 1-2 minutes

b. Hip Thrusts 4x6 1-2 minutes

c. Cable Reverse Squats 4x8 1-2 minutes

d. Chest Supported Rows 4x8 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK SEVEN DAY TWO

Workout 2 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Hops with Tuck 5x5 each leg 30-60 secs

Deep Squats 5x3 3-4 minutes
(60%, 70%, 80%, 90%,
3-rep max aka RPE 10)

Pistol Squats 2x6

Circuit

a. Single Leg Seated 4x8 each leg 1-2 minutes

Hamstring Curls

b. Seated Calf Raises 4x8 1-2 minutes

c. Foam Roller Bridge 45 seconds x4 1-2 minutes

with Oscillations
 PHASE TWO WEEK SEVEN DAY THREE

Workout 3 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm up see video

Sprint 20 yards x2, 40 yards x6 3-4 minutes

Drop Jumps 3x5 1-2 minutes
from 24-30 inches

Circuit

a. Med Ball Slams 2x8 1-2 minutes

b. Med Ball Rotational 2x5 each way 1-2 minutes

Throws

Workout
Chin Ups 5x5 (bodyweight, 4 sets at RPE 9) 2-3 minutes

Chin Ups 1xAMRAP (bodyweight) 4-5 minutes

Band Bench Press 6x3 (70%) 2-3 minutes

Circuit

a. Chest Flys 4x8 1-2 minutes

b. Wrapping Lat Pulls 4x8 each arm 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Cable Overhead 4x10 1-2 minutes

Tricep Extensions

b. Dumbbell Incline 4x10 1-2 minutes

Bicep Curls

c. Cable Lateral Raises 4x10 each arm 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK SEVEN DAY FOUR

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Band Deep Squat 6x3 (70%) 2-3 minutes

Barbell Reverse Lunges 3x6 each leg (50%) 1-2 minutes

RDL 3x10 1-2 minutes

(70%, 75%, 80%)

Circuit

a. Sissy Squat 4x8 1-2 minutes

b. Dorsiflexion 4x15 1-2 minutes

c. Standing Calf Raises 4x8 1-2 minutes

d. Active Copenhagen 4x8 each side 1-2 minutes

(3 second hold in top position)
 PHASE TWO WEEK EIGHT DAY ONE

Workout 1 REPS (Weight) REST

Short Warm Up see video

Upper Body CNS Prep see video

Bench Press (Max Out) 8x1 as needed

(50%, 60%, 70%, 80%,
85%, 90%, 95%,
1-rep max aka RPE 10)

Chin ups 2x5 (body weight) 1-2 minutes

 PHASE TWO WEEK EIGHT DAY TWO

Workout 4 REPS (Weight) REST

Full Warm Up see video

Jump Session keep this jump session 30 seconds

short to save legs for squat between jumps

Deep Squat (max out) 8x1 as needed
(50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%,
95%, 1-rep max aka RPE 10)

RDL 2x8 (50%) 1-2 minutes

Circuit

a. Pushups 2x15 1-2 minutes

b. Standing Calf Raises 2x15 1-2 minutes

c. Hanging Leg Raises 2x15 1-2 minutes
 You’ve completed the
JUMPING JACKED
program!

Created by Tim Riley & Daniel Back Designed by Alexa Portoraro