Question ID 3cc991d1

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 Question ID 3cc991d1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 3cc991d1

On the first day of a semester, a film club has members. Each day after the first day of the semester,
new members join the film club. If no members leave the film club, how many total members will the
film club have days after the first day of the semester?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3cc991d1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the film club has 90 members on the first day of a semester, and 10 new members
join the film club each day after the first day of the semester. This means that after 4 days, 4 × 10, or 40, new members
will have joined the club. Adding 40 members to the original 90 club members yields 130 members. Thus, the film club
will have 130 total members 4 days after the first day of the semester.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of members that will have joined the film club 4 days after the first day of the
semester if 100 new members, not 10, join the film club each day.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of members the film club will have 4 days after the first day of the semester if
1 new member, not 10, joins the film club each day.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of members the film club has on the first day of the semester.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 49729cb4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 49729cb4

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 49729cb4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Dividing each side of the given equation by 3 yields 𝑥 − 9 = 8. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 − 9 is 8.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 3𝑥 − 27, not 𝑥 − 9.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a23c1142
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: a23c1142

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a23c1142 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 8 yields 𝑥 = 11. Therefore, 11 is the solution to the
given equation.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 𝑥 + 8 = 88.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 𝑥 − 8 = 88.

𝑥
= 88.
8
Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 8aa9a086
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 8aa9a086

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is feet. Each of the two congruent sides of the triangle has a
length of feet. What is the length, in feet, of the third side?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8aa9a086 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 36 feet and that each of the two congruent
sides has a length of 10 feet. The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its three sides. The equation
10 + 10 + 𝑥 = 36 can be used to represent this situation, where 𝑥 is the length, in feet, of the third side. Combining like
terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 20 + 𝑥 = 36. Subtracting 20 from each side of this equation yields
𝑥 = 16. Therefore, the length, in feet, of the third side is 16.

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the length, in feet, of the third side if the perimeter was 30 feet, not 36 feet.

Choice B is incorrect. This would be the length, in feet, of the third side if the perimeter was 32 feet, not 36 feet.

Choice D is incorrect. This would be the length, in feet, of the third side if the perimeter was 38 feet, not 36 feet.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 46eabc75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 46eabc75

A manager is responsible for ordering supplies for a shaved ice shop. The shop's inventory starts with
paper cups, and the manager estimates that of these paper cups are used each day. Based on
this estimate, in how many days will the supply of paper cups reach ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 46eabc75 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the shop’s inventory starts with 4,500 paper cups and that the manager estimates
that 70 of these paper cups are used each day. Let 𝑥 represent the number of days in which the estimated supply of
paper cups will reach 1,700. The equation 4,500 − 70𝑥 = 1,700 represents this situation. Subtracting 4,500 from both
sides of this equation yields −70𝑥 = − 2,800. Dividing both sides of this equation by −70 yields 𝑥 = 40. Therefore,
based on this estimate, the supply of paper cups will reach 1,700 in 40 days.

Choice A is incorrect. After 20 days, the estimated supply of paper cups would be 4,500 − 70(20), or 3,100 cups, not
1,700 cups.

Choice C is incorrect. After 60 days, the estimated supply of paper cups would be 4,500 − 70(60), or 300 cups, not 1,700
cups.

Choice D is incorrect. After 80 days, the estimated supply of paper cups would be 4,500 − 70(80), or −1,100 cups, which
isn't possible.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d1bdce45
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: d1bdce45

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d1bdce45 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

3𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 20 = 76, or 8𝑥 + 20 = 76. Subtracting 20 from each side of this equation yields 8𝑥 = 56. Dividing each side of
Choice A is correct. Applying the distributive property on the left-hand side of the given equation yields

this equation by 8 yields 𝑥 = 7.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 𝑥 + 4 = 76, not 3𝑥 + 5(𝑥 + 4) = 76.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 5fcc71c6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 5fcc71c6

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5fcc71c6 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting 12 from each side of the given equation yields 3𝑥 − 12 = 30 − 12, or 3𝑥 − 12 = 18.
Therefore, the value of 3𝑥 − 12 is 18.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 − 12, not 3𝑥 − 12.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 12, not 3𝑥 − 12.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 3𝑥 + 12, not 3𝑥 − 12.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 4eb9696e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 4eb9696e

If , what is the value of ?

ID: 4eb9696e Answer

Correct Answer: 17

Rationale

The correct answer is 17. It’s given that 2𝑥 + 3 = 9. Multiplying each side of this equation by 3 yields 3(2𝑥 + 3) = 3(9), or
6𝑥 + 9 = 27. Subtracting 10 from each side of this equation yields 6𝑥 + 9 − 10 = 27 − 10, or 6𝑥 − 1 = 17. Therefore, the
value of 6𝑥 − 1 is 17.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID edd4942f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: edd4942f

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: edd4942f Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

4𝑥 28 24
Choice C is correct. Dividing all terms in the given equation by 4 yields − = − , or 𝑥 − 7 = − 6. Therefore, the
4 4 4
value of 𝑥 − 7 is −6.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 4𝑥 − 28, not 𝑥 − 7.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID c066203a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: c066203a

A principal used a total of flags that were either blue or yellow for field day. The principal used
blue flags. How many yellow flags were used?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c066203a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a principal used a total of 25 blue flags and yellow flags. It's also given that of the 25
flags used, 20 flags were blue. Subtracting the number of blue flags used from the total number of flags used results in
the number of yellow flags used. It follows that the number of yellow flags used is 25 − 20, or 5.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of blue flags used.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the total number of flags used.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID b1491271
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: b1491271

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b1491271 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Subtracting 8 from both sides of the given equation yields 𝑝 + 3 = 2. Subtracting 3 from both sides
of this equation yields 𝑝 = − 1.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d53729e6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: d53729e6

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

ID: d53729e6 Answer

Correct Answer: 130

Rationale

The correct answer is 130. It’s given that 8𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 130 = 260. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this
equation yields 𝑥 + 130 = 260. Subtracting 130 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 = 130. Therefore, the value of 𝑥
that's the solution to the given equation is 130.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 2097069e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 2097069e

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

ID: 2097069e Answer

Correct Answer: 8

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. Adding 𝑥 to both sides of the given equation yields 14𝑥 = 112. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 14 yields 𝑥 = 8.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 6374e7e7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: 6374e7e7

Which equation has the same solution as the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6374e7e7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

7(2𝑥 − 3) 63
Choice A is correct. Dividing each side of the given equation by 7 yields = , or 2𝑥 − 3 = 9. Therefore, the
7 7
equation 2𝑥 − 3 = 9 is equivalent to the given equation and has the same solution.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation is equivalent to 7(2𝑥 − 3) = 392, not 7(2𝑥 − 3) = 63.

Choice C is incorrect. Distributing 7 on the left-hand side of the given equation yields 14𝑥 − 21 = 63, not 2𝑥 − 21 = 63.

Choice D is incorrect. Distributing 7 on the left-hand side of the given equation yields 14𝑥 − 21 = 63, not 2𝑥 − 21 = 70.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d9029f13
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

one variable

ID: d9029f13

If , what is the value of ?

ID: d9029f13 Answer

Correct Answer: 6

Rationale

The correct answer is 6. Dividing both sides of the equation 6𝑛 = 12 by 6 yields 𝑛 = 2. Substituting 2 for 𝑛 in the
expression 𝑛 + 4 yields 2 + 4, or 6.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a25615ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

one variable

ID: a25615ce

A line segment that has a length of is divided into three parts. One part is
long. The other two parts have lengths that are equal to each other. What is the length, in , of
one of the other two parts of equal length?

ID: a25615ce Answer

Correct Answer: 34

Rationale

The correct answer is 34. It’s given that a line segment has a length of 115 cm and is divided into three parts, where
one part is 47 cm long and the other two parts have lengths that are equal. If 𝑥 represents the length, in cm, of each of
the two parts of equal length, then the equation 47 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 115, or 47 + 2𝑥 = 115, represents this situation. Subtracting
47 from each side of this equation yields 2𝑥 = 68. Dividing each side of this equation by 2 yields 𝑥 = 34. Therefore, the
length, in cm, of one of the two parts of equal length is 34.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 25ed5921
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

one variable

ID: 25ed5921

In the given equation, is a constant. If the equation has infinitely many solutions, what is the value of
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 25ed5921 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Multiplying each side of the given equation by 2 yields 8𝑥 + 24 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 3). Since 8 is a common factor of both terms on
Choice C is correct. If an equation has infinitely many solutions, then the two sides of the equation must be equivalent.

the left-hand side of this equation, the equation can be rewritten as 8(𝑥 + 3) = 𝑎(𝑥 + 3). The two sides of this equation
are equivalent when 𝑎 = 8. Therefore, if the given equation has infinitely many solutions, the value of 𝑎 is 8.

𝑎(𝑥 + 3)
Alternate approach: If the given equation, 4𝑥 + 12 =
2
𝑎(0 + 3)
, has infinitely many solutions, then both sides of this

equation are equal for any value of 𝑥. If 𝑥 = 0, then substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 4(0) + 12 =
2
3 3
,
or 12 = 𝑎. Dividing both sides of this equation by yields 8 = 𝑎.
2 2

Choice A is incorrect. If the value of 𝑎 is 0, the given equation is equivalent to 4𝑥 + 12 = 0, which has one solution, not
infinitely many solutions.

3(𝑥 + 3) 3 9
Choice B is incorrect. If the value of 𝑎 is 3, the given equation is equivalent to 4𝑥 + 12 = , or 4𝑥 + 12 = 𝑥 + ,
2 2 2
which has one solution, not infinitely many solutions.

12(𝑥 + 3)
Choice D is incorrect. If the value of 𝑎 is 12, the given equation is equivalent to 4𝑥 + 12 = , or 4𝑥 + 12 = 6𝑥 + 18,
2
which has one solution, not infinitely many solutions.

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 Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID ce6f6062
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

one variable

ID: ce6f6062

In the given equation, is a constant. If the equation has infinitely many solutions, what is the value of
?

ID: ce6f6062 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. An equation with one variable, 𝑥, has infinitely many solutions only when both sides of the
equation are equal for any defined value of 𝑥. It's given that 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 8), where 𝑎 is a constant. This equation can
be rewritten as 2(𝑥 + 8) = 𝑎(𝑥 + 8). If this equation has infinitely many solutions, then both sides of this equation are
equal for any defined value of 𝑥. Both sides of this equation are equal for any defined value of 𝑥 when 2 = 𝑎. Therefore,
if the equation has infinitely many solutions, the value of 𝑎 is 2.

Alternate approach: If the given equation, 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 8), has infinitely many solutions, then both sides of this
equation are equal for any value of 𝑥. If 𝑥 = 0, then substituting 0 for 𝑥 in 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 8) yields 2(0) + 16 = 𝑎(0 + 8),
or 16 = 8𝑎. Dividing both sides of this equation by 8 yields 2 = 𝑎.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID df8ae774
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: df8ae774

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?

ID: df8ae774 Answer

Correct Answer: .9411, .9412, 16/17

Rationale

16 48
. It's given that the equation 3(𝑘𝑥 + 13) = 𝑥 + 36 has no solution. A linear equation in the
17 17
The correct answer is
form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, and 𝑑 are constants, has no solution only when the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of
the equation are equal and the constant terms aren't equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 3 yields
48 36 16
𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 𝑥 + , or 𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 𝑥 + 12. Since the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of the equation must be equal, it
51 3 17
16
follows that the value of 𝑘 is . Note that 16/17, .9411, .9412, and 0.941 are examples of ways to enter a correct
17
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID e96acc98
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: e96acc98

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

ID: e96acc98 Answer

Correct Answer: -22

Rationale

The correct answer is −22. The given equation can be rewritten as −2(𝑡 + 3) = 38. Dividing both sides of this equation
by −2 yields 𝑡 + 3 = − 19. Subtracting 3 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑡 = − 22. Therefore, −22 is the value of 𝑡
that is the solution to the given equation.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID dc1b988f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: dc1b988f

A factory makes -inch, -inch, and -inch concrete screws. During a certain day, the number of -inch
concrete screws that the factory makes is times the number of -inch concrete screws, and the
number of -inch concrete screws is . During this day, the factory makes concrete screws total.
Which equation represents this situation?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dc1b988f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that during a certain day at a factory, the number of 7-inch concrete screws the factory
makes is 𝑛 and the number of 4-inch concrete screws the factory makes is 22. It's also given that during this day the
number of 9-inch concrete screws the factory makes is 5 times the number of 7-inch concrete screws, or 5𝑛. Therefore,
the total number of 7-inch, 9-inch, and 4-inch concrete screws is 𝑛 + 5𝑛 + 22, or 6𝑛 + 22. It's given that during this day,
the factory makes 100 concrete screws total. Thus, the equation 6𝑛 + 22 = 100 represents this situation.

rather than the total number of concrete screws, is 100.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the total length, in inches, of all the concrete screws,

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the total number of 9-inch concrete screws and 4-inch
concrete screws, not including the 7-inch concrete screws, is 100.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 370ac92d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: 370ac92d

How many solutions does the given equation have?

A. Zero

B. Exactly one

C. Exactly two

D. Infinitely many

ID: 370ac92d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Adding 98𝑥 to each side of the given equation yields 49𝑥 = 0. Dividing each side of this equation by
49 yields 𝑥 = 0. This means that 0 is the only solution to the given equation. Therefore, the given equation has exactly
one solution.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID b7305783
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: b7305783

If , the value of is between which of the following pairs of values?

A. and

B. and

C. and

D. and

ID: b7305783 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

𝑥+6 𝑥+6
Choice B is correct. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by (3)(13), or 39, yields (39)( ) = (39)( ), or
3 13
13(𝑥 + 6) = 3(𝑥 + 6). Subtracting 3(𝑥 + 6) from both sides of this equation yields 10(𝑥 + 6) = 0. Dividing both sides of
𝑥+6 𝑥+6
this equation by 10 yields 𝑥 + 6 = 0. Therefore, if = , then the value of 𝑥 + 6 is 0. It follows that of the given
3 13
choices, the value of 𝑥 + 6 is between −2 and 2.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 9dc82916
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

one variable

ID: 9dc82916

How many solutions does the equation have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 9dc82916 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Distributing 12 on the left-hand side and −3 on the right-hand side of the given equation yields
12𝑥 − 36 = − 3𝑥 − 36. Adding 3𝑥 to each side of this equation yields 15𝑥 − 36 = − 36. Adding 36 to each side of this
equation yields 15𝑥 = 0. Dividing each side of this equation by 15 yields 𝑥 = 0. This means that 0 is the only solution to
the given equation. Therefore, the given equation has exactly one solution.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID a54038fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: a54038fb

The graph of the linear function is shown, where . What is the x-intercept of the graph of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a54038fb Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

𝑓, where 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), intersects the x-axis at (−12, 0). Therefore, the x-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 is (−12, 0).
Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the x-axis. The graph of function

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 567984fc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 567984fc

Argon is placed inside a container with a constant volume. The graph shows the estimated pressure ,
in , of the argon when its temperature is kelvins.

What is the estimated pressure of the argon, in , when the temperature is kelvins?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 567984fc Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

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 estimated pressure, in pounds per square inch (psi). The estimated pressure of the argon when the temperature is
Choice B is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents temperature, in kelvins, and the y-axis represents the

600 kelvins can be found by locating the point on the graph where the value of 𝑥 is equal to 600. The graph passes
through the point (600, 12). This means that when the temperature is 600 kelvins, the estimated pressure is 12 psi .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the estimated pressure, in psi , of the argon when the temperature is 300 kelvins, not 600
kelvins.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the temperature, in kelvins, of the argon.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 19d890da
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 19d890da

The equation shown gives the estimated amount of diesel , in gallons, that remains in the gas tank of a
truck after being driven miles, where . What is the estimated amount of diesel, in
gallons, that remains in the gas tank of the truck when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 19d890da Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

𝑥
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the equation 𝑑 = 16 − gives the estimated amount of diesel 𝑑, in gallons, that
30
remains in the gas tank of the truck after being driven 𝑥 miles. Substituting 300 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields
300
𝑑 = 16 − , which is equivalent to 𝑑 = 16 − 10, or 𝑑 = 6. Therefore, the estimated amount of diesel that remains in the
30
gas tank of the truck when 𝑥 = 300 is 6 gallons.

when 𝑥 = 480, not when 𝑥 = 300.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck

when 𝑥 = 60, not when 𝑥 = 300.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck

when 𝑥 = 0, not when 𝑥 = 300.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the estimated amount of diesel, in gallons, that will remain in the gas tank of the truck

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 15048ba2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 15048ba2

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 15048ba2 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 8. The value of 𝑓(7) is the value of 𝑓(𝑥) when
𝑥 = 7. Substituting 7 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑓(7) = 3(7) − 8, which is equivalent to 𝑓(7) = 21 − 8, or 𝑓(7) = 13.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(7) when 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 8, rather than 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 8.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(1), rather than 𝑓(7).

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(−7), rather than 𝑓(7).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 79354b8a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 79354b8a

A bank account was opened with an initial deposit. Over the next several months, regular deposits were
made into this account, and there were no withdrawals made during this time. The graph of the function
shown, where , estimates the account balance, in dollars, in this bank account months
since the initial deposit. To the nearest whole dollar, what is the amount of the initial deposit estimated
by the graph?

ID: 79354b8a Answer

Correct Answer: 20

Rationale

The correct answer is 20. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents the time since the initial deposit, in months, and

coordinate of the point on the graph that represents 0 months since the initial deposit. Therefore, the amount of the
the y-axis represents the bank account balance, in dollars. The amount of the initial deposit is estimated by the y-

initial deposit is estimated by the corresponding y-value for the point when 𝑥 = 0. When 𝑥 = 0, it is estimated that

𝑦 = 20. Thus, the amount of the initial deposit estimated by the graph, to the nearest whole dollar, is 20.

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 Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID dd381f21
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: dd381f21

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dd381f21 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 80 − 6𝑥. The value of 𝑓(7) can be found by
substituting 7 for 𝑥 in the given function, which yields 𝑓(7) = 80 − 6(7), or 𝑓(7) = 80 − 42, which is equivalent to
𝑓(7) = 38. Therefore, the value of 𝑓(7) is 38.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 80 − 67, not 80 − 6(7).

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 80 − 6(1), not 80 − 6(7).

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 80 − 6 + 7, not 80 − 6(7).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d2205c27
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: d2205c27

For the linear function , is a constant. When , . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d2205c27 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑓(𝑥) = 30. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 30 for 𝑓(𝑥) in the given function yields
30 = 0 + 𝑏, or 30 = 𝑏. Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is 30.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 1c4f9da2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 1c4f9da2

For the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1c4f9da2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation defining the linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane. The slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) can be
𝑦 − 𝑦1
found using the formula 𝑚 = 2 , where (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) are any two points that the graph passes through. If
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
𝑓(0) = 17, it follows that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) passes through the point (0, 17). If 𝑓(1) = 17, it follows that the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) passes through the point (1, 17). Substituting (0, 17) and (1, 17) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the
𝑦 − 𝑦1 17 − 17 0
formula 𝑚 = 2 yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 0. Since the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) passes
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 1−0 1
through (0, 17), it follows that 𝑏 = 17. Substituting 0 for 𝑚 and 17 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
𝑓(𝑥) = 0𝑥 + 17, or 𝑓(𝑥) = 17. Thus, the equation that defines 𝑓 is 𝑓(𝑥) = 17.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a5ed4369
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: a5ed4369

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a5ed4369 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Substituting 72 for 𝑓(𝑥) in the given function yields 72 = 8𝑥. Dividing each side of this equation by 8
yields 9 = 𝑥. Therefore, 𝑓(𝑥) = 72 when the value of 𝑥 is 9.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 64, not 𝑓(𝑥) = 72.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 512, not 𝑓(𝑥) = 72.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 640, not 𝑓(𝑥) = 72.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID a400ddb4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: a400ddb4

A contract for a certain service requires a onetime activation cost of and a monthly cost of .
Which equation represents this situation, where is the total cost, in dollars, of this service contract for
months?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a400ddb4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that this service contract requires a monthly cost of $ 23. A monthly cost of $ 23 for 𝑡
months results in a cost of $ 23𝑡. It's also given that this service contract requires a onetime activation cost of $ 35.
Adding the onetime activation cost to the monthly cost of the service contract for 𝑡 months yields the total cost 𝑐, in
dollars, of this service contract for 𝑡 months. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the equation 𝑐 = 23𝑡 + 35.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 07792154
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 07792154

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through
the point . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 07792154 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) has a
slope of 39, so 𝑚 = 39. It’s also given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) passes through the point (0, 0), so 𝑏 = 0. Substituting 39
for 𝑚 and 0 for 𝑏 in 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓(𝑥) = 39𝑥 + 0, or 𝑓(𝑥) = 39𝑥. Thus, the equation that defines 𝑓 is 𝑓(𝑥) = 39𝑥.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of −39, not 39.

1
, not 39.
39
Choice B is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of

Choice C is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a slope of 1, not 39, and passes through the
point (0, − 39), not (0, 0).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 630514d2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 630514d2

Gabriella deposits in a savings account at the end of each week. At the beginning of the week
of a year there was in that savings account. How much money, in dollars, will be in the account at
the end of the week of that year?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 630514d2 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that at the beginning of the 1st week of the year there was $ 600 in a savings account and
Gabriella deposits $ 35 in that savings account at the end of each week. Therefore, the amount of money, in dollars, in
the savings account at the end of the 4th week of that year is 600 + 4(35), or 740.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the amount of money, in dollars, that will be in the account at the end of the 4th week if
Gabriella withdraws, rather than deposits, $ 35 at the end of each week.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the amount of money, in dollars, that will be in the account at the end of the 1st week, not
the 4th week.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID f3d88453
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: f3d88453

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and has a y-intercept at
. Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f3d88453 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining the linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) has a
slope of 2. Therefore, 𝑚 = 2. It’s also given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) has a y-intercept at (0, − 5). Therefore, 𝑏 = − 5.
Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and −5 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 5. Thus, the equation that defines 𝑓 is
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 5.

1
Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane has a slope of , not 2.
2
1
Choice B is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane has a slope of − , not 2.
2

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane has a slope of −2, not 2.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID ca4cf555
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: ca4cf555

As part of a science project on evaporation, Amaya measured the height of a liquid in a container over a
period of time. The function gives the estimated height, in centimeters (cm), of the
liquid in the container days after the start of the project. Which of the following is the best
interpretation of in this context?

A. The estimated height, in cm, of the liquid at the start of the project

B. The estimated height, in cm, of the liquid at the end of the project

C. The estimated change in the height, in cm, of the liquid each day

D. The estimated number of days for all of the liquid to evaporate

ID: ca4cf555 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 33 − 0.18𝑥 gives the estimated height, in centimeters (cm), of the
liquid in the container 𝑥 days after the start of the project. For a linear function in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥, where 𝑎 and 𝑏
are constants, 𝑎 represents the value of 𝑓(0) and 𝑏 represents the rate of change of the function. It follows that in the
given function, 33 represents the value of 𝑓(0). Therefore, the best interpretation of 33 in this context is the estimated
height, in cm, of the liquid at the start of the project.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. The estimated change in the height, in cm, of the liquid each day is 0.18, not 33.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 493bd7fa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 493bd7fa

The function defined by gives the estimated length, in inches, of a vine plant
months after Tavon purchased it. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?
A. Tavon will keep the vine plant for months.

B. The vine plant is expected to grow inches each month.

C. The vine plant is expected to grow to a maximum length of inches.

D. The estimated length of the vine plant was inches when Tavon purchased it.

ID: 493bd7fa Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓(𝑡) = 14𝑡 + 9 gives the estimated length, in inches, of a vine
plant 𝑡 months after Tavon purchased it. For a function defined by an equation of the form 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑚𝑡 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏
are constants, 𝑏 represents the value of 𝑓(0), or the value of 𝑓(𝑡) when the value of 𝑡 is 0. Therefore, for the function
defined by 𝑓(𝑡) = 14𝑡 + 9, 9 represents the value of 𝑓(𝑡) when the value of 𝑡 is 0. This means that 0 months after the vine
plant was purchased, the estimated length of the vine plant was 9 inches. Therefore, the best interpretation of 9 in this
context is the estimated length of the vine plant was 9 inches when Tavon purchased it.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. The vine plant is expected to grow 14 inches, not 9 inches, each month.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 136de2ff
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 136de2ff

The function represents the total cost, in dollars, of attending an arcade when games are played.
How many games can be played for a total cost of ?

ID: 136de2ff Answer

Correct Answer: 11

Rationale

The correct answer is 11. It’s given that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 14 + 4𝑥 represents the total cost, in dollars, of attending an
arcade when 𝑥 games are played. Substituting 58 for 𝑓(𝑥) in the given equation yields 58 = 14 + 4𝑥. Subtracting 14 from
each side of this equation yields 44 = 4𝑥. Dividing each side of this equation by 4 yields 11 = 𝑥. Therefore, 11 games
can be played for a total cost of $ 58.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID fadca26a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: fadca26a

To repair a refrigerator, a technician charges per hour for labor plus for parts. Which function f
represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician will charge for this job if it takes hours?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fadca26a Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the technician charges $ 60 per hour for labor. Therefore, if the job takes 𝑥 hours, the
$ 60
technician will charge ( )(𝑥 hours), or $ 60𝑥, for labor. It’s also given that the technician charges $ 120 for parts.
1 hour
Therefore, 𝑓(𝑥) = 60𝑥 + 120 represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician will charge for this job if it takes 𝑥
hours.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician charges for labor only, not the
total amount charged for labor and parts.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents the total amount, in dollars, the technician would charge if the charge for
parts were subtracted from, rather than added to, the charge for labor.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 58d1b8bf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 58d1b8bf

The graph of the linear function is shown, where . What is the y-intercept of the graph of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 58d1b8bf Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of function 𝑓
shown intersects the y-axis at the point (0, 8). Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 is (0, 8).

Choice A is incorrect. This is the point where the x-axis, not the graph of 𝑓, intersects the y-axis.

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 Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 8c2135ea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 8c2135ea

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c2135ea Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 in the given function
yields 𝑓(10) = 4(10) − 3, which is equivalent to 𝑓(10) = 40 − 3, or 𝑓(10) = 37. Therefore, the value of 𝑓(10) is 37.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(10) for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥, not 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(10) for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 + 3, not 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 16f3eb3d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 16f3eb3d

Hydrogen is placed inside a container and kept at a constant pressure. The graph shows the estimated
volume , in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is kelvins.

What is the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is kelvins?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 16f3eb3d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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 volume, in liters. Therefore, the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its temperature is 500 kelvins is
Choice C is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents temperature, in kelvins, and the y-axis represents

represented by the y-coordinate of the point on the graph that has an x-coordinate of 500. The point on the graph with
an x-coordinate of 500 has a y-coordinate of 7. Therefore, the estimated volume, in liters, of the hydrogen when its
temperature is 500 kelvins is 7.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 3cc268ac
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 3cc268ac

The graph of the function is shown, where . What is the y-intercept of the graph?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3cc268ac Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of function 𝑓
shown intersects the y-axis at the point (0, − 4). Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph is (0, − 4).

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 86793098
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 86793098

Oxygen gas is placed inside a tank with a constant volume. The graph shows the estimated temperature
, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres.

What is the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 86793098 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

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 temperature, in kelvins. Therefore, the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is 6
Choice C is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents pressure, in atmospheres, and the y-axis represents

atmospheres is represented by the y-coordinate of the point on the graph that has an x-coordinate of 6. The point on
the graph with an x-coordinate of 6 has a y-coordinate of approximately 700. Therefore, the estimated temperature, in
kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is 6 atmospheres is 700.

when its pressure is 6 atmospheres.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the pressure, in atmospheres, not the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 2b384315
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 2b384315

For the given linear function , which table shows three values of and their corresponding values of
?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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 ID: 2b384315 Answer
Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Each of the tables shows the same three values of 𝑥: − 1, 0, and 1. Substituting − 1 for 𝑥 in the
given function yields 𝑔( − 1) = 11( − 1) + 4, or 𝑔(−1) = − 7. Therefore, when 𝑥 = − 1, the corresponding value of 𝑔(𝑥) is
− 7. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given function yields 𝑔(0) = 11(0) + 4, or 𝑔(0) = 4. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 0, the
corresponding value of 𝑔(𝑥) is 4. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 in the given function yields 𝑔(1) = 11(1) + 4, or 𝑔(1) = 15.
Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑔(𝑥) is 15. The table in choice C shows − 7, 4, and 15 as the
corresponding value of 𝑔(𝑥) for x-values of − 1, 0, and 1, respectively. Therefore, the table in choice C shows three
values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑔(𝑥).

Choice A is incorrect. This table shows three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑔(𝑥) for the linear function
𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥 + 11.

Choice B is incorrect. This table shows three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑔(𝑥) for the linear function
𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥.

Choice D is incorrect. This table shows three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑔(𝑥) for the linear function
𝑔(𝑥) = 11𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID b850cfc2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: b850cfc2

The graph of the linear function is shown. What is the y-intercept of the graph of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b850cfc2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The y-intercept of a graph is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
shown intersects the y-axis at the point (0, 2). Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is (0, 2).

Choice A is incorrect. This is the x-intercept, not the y-intercept, of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).

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 Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 71228071
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: 71228071

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 71228071 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 6. Substituting − 7 for 𝑥 into the given
equation yields 𝑔(−7) = 4(−7) − 6, or 𝑔(−7) = − 34.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑔(𝑥) = − 7, not the value of 𝑔(−7).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d977f302
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Easy

ID: d977f302

A veterinarian recommends that each day a certain rabbit should eat calories per pound of the
rabbit’s weight, plus an additional calories. Which equation represents this situation, where is the
total number of calories the veterinarian recommends the rabbit should eat each day if the rabbit’s
weight is pounds?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d977f302 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit should eat 25 calories per pound
of the rabbit’s weight, plus an additional 11 calories. If the rabbit’s weight is 𝑥 pounds, then multiplying 25 calories per
pound by the rabbit’s weight, 𝑥 pounds, yields 25𝑥 calories. Adding the additional 11 calories that the rabbit should eat
each day yields 25𝑥 + 11 calories. It’s given that 𝑐 is the total number of calories the veterinarian recommends the rabbit
should eat each day if the rabbit’s weight is 𝑥 pounds. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the equation
𝑐 = 25𝑥 + 11.

should eat 25 calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit

should eat 25 + 11, or 36, calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight.
Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit

should eat 11 calories per pound of the rabbit’s weight, plus an additional 25 calories.
Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where a veterinarian recommends that each day the rabbit

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID e35e5a7e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: e35e5a7e

The graph of is shown.

Which equation defines the linear function ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e35e5a7e Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The graph of a line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the line and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept. The slope of a line that passes through the points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) can

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 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
be calculated using the formula 𝑚 = . The line shown passes through the points (−1, − 2) and (0, − 4).
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
𝑦 − 𝑦1 −4 − (−2)
Substituting (−1, − 2) and (0, 4) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the formula 𝑚 = 2 yields 𝑚 =
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 0 − (−1)
,
−2
which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = − 2. Since the line shown passes through the point (0, − 4), it follows that
1
𝑏 = − 4. Substituting − 2 for 𝑚 and − 4 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = − 2𝑥 − 4. It’s given that the graph
shown is the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) − 11. Substituting −2𝑥 − 4 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) − 11 yields −2𝑥 − 4 = 𝑓(𝑥) − 11.
Adding 11 to both sides of this equation yields −2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑓(𝑥). Therefore, the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = − 2𝑥 + 7 defines the
linear function 𝑓.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 51459b74
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 51459b74

Number of cars Maximum number of passengers and crew

The table shows the linear relationship between the number of cars, , on a commuter train and the
maximum number of passengers and crew, , that the train can carry. Which equation represents the
linear relationship between and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 51459b74 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between the number of cars, 𝑐, on a commuter train and
the maximum number of passengers and crew, 𝑝, that the train can carry. It follows that this relationship can be
represented by an equation of the form 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑐 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the rate of change of 𝑝 in this relationship and 𝑏 is a
constant. The rate of change of 𝑝 in this relationship can be calculated by dividing the difference in any two values of 𝑝
by the difference in the corresponding values of 𝑐. Using two pairs of values given in the table, the rate of change of 𝑝 in
284 − 174
, or 55. Substituting 55 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑐 + 𝑏 yields 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 𝑏. The value of 𝑏
5−3
this relationship is
can be found by substituting any value of 𝑐 and its corresponding value of 𝑝 for 𝑐 and 𝑝, respectively, in this equation.
Substituting 10 for 𝑐 and 559 for 𝑝 yields 559 = 55(10) + 𝑏, or 559 = 550 + 𝑏. Subtracting 550 from both sides of this
equation yields 9 = 𝑏. Substituting 9 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 𝑏 yields 𝑝 = 55𝑐 + 9. Subtracting 9 from both sides
of this equation yields 𝑝 − 9 = 55𝑐. Subtracting 𝑝 from both sides of this equation yields −9 = 55𝑐 − 𝑝, or 55𝑐 − 𝑝 = − 9.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 5363dc9a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 5363dc9a

Brian saves of the he earns each week from his job. If Brian continues to save at this rate, how
much money, in dollars, will Brian save in weeks?

ID: 5363dc9a Answer

Correct Answer: 774

Rationale

2
The correct answer is 774. It's given that Brian saves of the $ 215 he earns each week from his job. Therefore, Brian
5
2
saves ( )( $ 215), or $ 86, per week. If Brian continues to save at this rate of $ 86 per week for 9 weeks, then he will
5
save a total of (9)(86), or 774, dollars.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 8c6982c3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 8c6982c3

If and , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c6982c3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The value of 𝑓(2) can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 7, which
yields 𝑓(2) = 2 + 7, or 𝑓(2) = 9. The value of 𝑔(2) can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑔(𝑥) = 7𝑥,
which yields 𝑔(2) = 7(2), or 𝑔(2) = 14. The value of the expression 4𝑓(2) − 𝑔(2) can be found by substituting the
corresponding values into the expression, which gives 4(9) − 14. This expression is equivalent to 36 − 14, or 22.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓(2) − 𝑔(2), not 4𝑓(2) − 𝑔(2).

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating 4𝑓(2) as 4(2) + 7, rather than
4(2 + 7).

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 387e1ecb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 387e1ecb

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the points and
. Which equation defines ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 387e1ecb Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function ℎ, where 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥), passes through the points (7, 21)
and (9, 25) in the xy-plane. An equation defining ℎ can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥), 𝑚 represents
the slope of the graph in the xy-plane, and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. The slope can
(𝑦 − 𝑦1 )
be found using any two points, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), and the formula 𝑚 = 2 . Substituting (7, 21) and (9, 25) for
(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )
25 − 21 4
(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 2.
9−7 2
Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and (7, 21) for (𝑥, 𝑦) in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 21 = (2)(7) + 𝑏, or 21 = 14 + 𝑏. Subtracting 14
from each side of this equation yields 7 = 𝑏. Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and 7 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 7. Since 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥), it follows that the equation that defines ℎ is ℎ(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 7.

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥) in the xy-plane would pass through (7, 0), not (7, 21), and
(9, 1), not (9, 25).

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥) in the xy-plane would pass through (7, 70), not (7, 21), and
(9, 84), not (9, 25).

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥) in the xy-plane would pass through (7, 88), not (7, 21), and
(9, 106), not (9, 25).

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 200192c0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 200192c0

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the
point . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 200192c0 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) in the xy-plane. It’s given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) has a slope
of 2. Therefore, 𝑚 = 2. It’s also given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) passes through the point (1, 14). It follows that when
𝑥 = 1, 𝑔(𝑥) = 14. Substituting 1 for 𝑥, 14 for 𝑔(𝑥), and 2 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 14 = 2(1) + 𝑏, or
14 = 2 + 𝑏. Subtracting 2 from each side of this equation yields 12 = 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑏 = 12. Substituting 2 for 𝑚 and 12 for
𝑏 in the equation 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 12. Therefore, the equation that defines 𝑔 is 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 12.

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) in the xy-plane passes through the point (1, 2), not (1, 14).

Choice B is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) in the xy-plane passes through the point (1, 4), not (1, 14).

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) in the xy-plane passes through the point (1, 16), not (1, 14).

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 9760e424
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 9760e424

The relationship between two variables, and , is linear. For every increase in the value of by , the
value of increases by . When the value of is , the value of is . Which equation represents this
relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9760e424 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 is linear. An equation representing a linear
relationship can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of
the graph of the relationship in the xy-plane. It’s given that for every increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1, the value of 𝑦
increases by 8. The slope of a line can be expressed as the change in 𝑦 over the change in 𝑥. Thus, the slope, 𝑚, of the
8
line representing this relationship can be expressed as , or 8. Substituting 8 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
1
𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 𝑏. It's also given that when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the value of 𝑦 is 18. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 18 for 𝑦 in the
equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 18 = 8(2) + 𝑏, or 18 = 16 + 𝑏. Subtracting 16 from each side of this equation yields 2 = 𝑏.
Substituting 2 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 2. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 2 represents this
relationship.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1, the value
of 𝑦 increases by 2, not 8, and when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the value of 𝑦 is 22, not 18.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1, the value
of 𝑦 increases by 2, not 8, and when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the value of 𝑦 is 12, not 18.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a relationship where for every increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1, the value
of 𝑦 increases by 3, not 8, and when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the value of 𝑦 is 32, not 18.

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 Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 59f935b5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 59f935b5

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

ID: 59f935b5 Answer

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale

9 8
The correct answer is 3. Substituting 5 for 𝑓(𝑥) in the given function yields 5 = 𝑥 + . Multiplying each side of this
7 7
9 8
( )
equation by 7 yields 7 5 = 7( 𝑥 + ), or 35 = 9𝑥 + 8. Subtracting 8 from each side of this equation yields 27 = 9𝑥.
7 7
Dividing each side of this equation by 9 yields 3 = 𝑥. Therefore, 𝑓(𝑥) = 5 when the value of 𝑥 is 3.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 91fa7328
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: 91fa7328

A linear function gives a company’s profit, in dollars, for selling items. The company’s profit is
when it sells items, and its profit is when it sells items. Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 91fa7328 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑓(𝑥) is linear. A linear function can be written in the
form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-
plane. Given two points on a line, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), the slope of the line can be found using the slope formula
𝑦 − 𝑦1
𝑚= 2 . It’s given that the company’s profit is $ 220 when it sells 8 items and the profit is $ 320 when it sells 10
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
items. Since 𝑓(𝑥) represents the company's profit, in dollars, for selling 𝑥 items, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the xy-plane
passes through the points (8, 220) and (10, 320). Substituting (8, 220) and (10, 320) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively,
320 − 220 100
in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = , which gives 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 50. Substituting 50 for 𝑚, 8 for 𝑥, and 220 for
10 − 8 2
( ) ( )
𝑓 𝑥 in 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 220 = (50)(8) + 𝑏, or 220 = 400 + 𝑏. Subtracting 400 from each side of this equation yields
−180 = 𝑏. Substituting 50 for 𝑚 and − 180 for 𝑏 in 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓(𝑥) = 50𝑥 − 180. Therefore, the equation that
defines 𝑓 is 𝑓(𝑥) = 50𝑥 − 180.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c05a6f72
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: c05a6f72

The graph of the function , where , gives the total cost , in dollars, for a certain video game
system and games. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph in this context?
A. Each game costs .

B. The video game system costs .

C. The video game system costs .

D. Each game costs .

ID: c05a6f72 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given graph is a line, and the slope of a line is defined as the change in the value of 𝑦 for each
increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1. It’s given that 𝑦 represents the total cost, in dollars, and that 𝑥 represents the number of

games. Therefore, the change in the value of 𝑦 for each increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1 represents the change in total
cost, in dollars, for each increase in the number of games by . In other words, the slope represents the cost, in dollars,

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 cost, in dollars, for each increase in the number of games by 1. In other words, the slope represents the cost, in dollars,
per game. The graph shows that when the value of 𝑥 increases from 0 to 1, the value of 𝑦 increases from 100 to 125. It
follows that the slope is 25, or the cost per game is $ 25. Thus, the best interpretation of the slope of the graph is that
each game costs $ 25.

Choice B is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph rather than the slope of the graph.

Choice C is incorrect. The slope of the graph is the cost per game, not the cost of the video game system.

Choice D is incorrect. Each game costs $ 25, not $ 100.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b3597518
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Medium

ID: b3597518

The function gives the estimated surface water temperature , in degrees

Celsius, of a body of water on the day of the year, where . Based on the model,
what is the estimated surface water temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the
day of the year?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b3597518 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 55.20 − 0.16𝑥 gives the estimated surface water temperature, in
degrees Celsius, of a body of water on the 𝑥th day of the year. Substituting 326 for 𝑥 in the given function yields
𝑓(326) = 55.20 − 0.16(326), which is equivalent to 𝑓(326) = 55.20 − 52.16, or 𝑓(326) = 3.04. Therefore, the estimated
surface water temperature, in degrees Celsius, of this body of water on the 326th day of the year is 3.04.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the rate of change, in degrees Celsius per day, of the estimated surface water
temperature.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the change, in degrees Celsius, in the estimated surface water temperature over 326 days.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b2f892c3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: b2f892c3

The graph of the linear function is shown. If and are positive constants, which
equation could define ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2f892c3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the graph of the linear function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 is shown. This means that the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 can be translated down 19 units to create the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and the y-coordinate of every point on the

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 graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 can be decreased by 19 to find the resulting point on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥). The y-intercept of the
graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 is (0, 3). Translating the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 down 19 units results in a y-intercept of the graph
of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) at the point (0, 3 − 19), or (0, − 16). The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) + 19 slants down from left to right, so the slope of

that the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is also negative. The equation of a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form
the graph is negative. The translation of a linear graph changes its position, but does not change its slope. It follows

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept and 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥). It's given that 𝑐
and 𝑑 are positive constants. Since the y-coordinate of the y-intercept and the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) are both
negative, it follows that 𝑓(𝑥) = − 𝑑 − 𝑐𝑥 could define 𝑓.

Choice B is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept.

Choice C is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, slope.

Choice D is incorrect. This could define a linear function where its graph has a positive, not negative, y-intercept and a
positive, not negative, slope.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 7a83c8d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: 7a83c8d8

Kaylani used fabric measuring yards in length to make each suit for a men's choir. The relationship
between the number of suits that Kaylani made, , and the total length of fabric that she purchased , in
yards, is represented by the equation . What is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. Kaylani made suits.

B. Kaylani purchased a total of yards of fabric.

C. Kaylani used a total of yards of fabric to make the suits.

D. Kaylani purchased yards more fabric than she used to make the suits.

ID: 7a83c8d8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the equation 𝑦 − 5𝑥 = 6 represents the relationship between the number of suits that
Kaylani made, 𝑥, and the total length of fabric she purchased, 𝑦, in yards. Adding 5𝑥 to both sides of the given equation
yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6. Since Kaylani made 𝑥 suits and used 5 yards of fabric to make each suit, the expression 5𝑥 represents
the total amount of fabric she used to make the suits. Since 𝑦 represents the total length of fabric Kaylani purchased, in
yards, it follows from the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6 that Kaylani purchased 5𝑥 yards of fabric to make the suits, plus an
additional 6 yards of fabric. Therefore, the best interpretation of 6 in this context is that Kaylani purchased 6 yards more
fabric than she used to make the suits.

Choice A is incorrect. Kaylani made a total of 𝑥 suits, not 6 suits.

Choice B is incorrect. Kaylani purchased a total of 𝑦 yards of fabric, not a total of 6 yards of fabric.

Choice C is incorrect. Kaylani used a total of 5𝑥 yards of fabric to make the suits, not a total of 6 yards of fabric.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 652119ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: 652119ce

The functions and are defined as and . If the function is

defined as , what is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of in
the xy-plane?

ID: 652119ce Answer

Correct Answer: -12

Rationale

1 3
The correct answer is −12. It's given that the functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 9 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 21. If the
4 4
1 3
function ℎ is defined as ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥), then substituting 𝑥 − 9 for 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑥 + 21 for 𝑔(𝑥) in this function yields
4 4
1 3 4
ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 9 + 𝑥 + 21. This can be rewritten as ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 12, or ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 12. The x-intercept of a graph in the xy-
4 4 4
plane is the point on the graph where 𝑦 = 0. The equation representing the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥) is 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 12. Substituting
0 for 𝑦 in this equation yields 0 = 𝑥 + 12. Subtracting 12 from both sides of this equation yields − 12 = 𝑥, or 𝑥 = − 12.
Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ(𝑥) in the xy-plane is −12.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 43e69f94
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions Hard

ID: 43e69f94

The cost of renting a backhoe for up to days is for the first day and for each additional
day. Which of the following equations gives the cost , in dollars, of renting the backhoe for days,
where is a positive integer and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 43e69f94 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the cost of renting a backhoe for up to 10 days is $ 270 for the first day and $ 135 for
each additional day. Therefore, the cost 𝑦, in dollars, for 𝑥 days, where 𝑥 ≤ 10, is the sum of the cost for the first day,
$ 270, and the cost for the additional 𝑥 − 1 days, $ 135(𝑥 − 1). It follows that 𝑦 = 270 + 135(𝑥 − 1), which is equivalent
to 𝑦 = 270 + 135𝑥 − 135, or 𝑦 = 135𝑥 + 135.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting a backhoe is $ 135 for the first day
and $ 270 for each additional day.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 950af39d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 950af39d

A mixture consisting of only vitamin D and calcium has a total mass of grams. The mass of vitamin
D in the mixture is grams. What is the mass, in grams, of calcium in the mixture?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 950af39d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Let 𝑑 represent the mass, in grams, of vitamin D in the mixture, and let 𝑐 represent the mass, in

mass of the mixture is 150 grams. Therefore, the equation 𝑑 + 𝑐 = 150 represents this situation. It’s also given that the
grams, of calcium in the mixture. It’s given that the mixture consists of only vitamin D and calcium and that the total

mass of vitamin D in the mixture is 50 grams. Substituting 50 for 𝑑 in the equation 𝑑 + 𝑐 = 150 yields 50 + 𝑐 = 150.
Subtracting 50 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑐 = 100. Therefore, the mass of calcium in the mixture is 100
grams.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the total mass, in grams, of the mixture, not the mass, in grams, of calcium in the mixture.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the mass, in grams, of vitamin D in the mixture, not the mass, in grams, of calcium in the
mixture.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 4abb3e2e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 4abb3e2e

The equation gives the perimeter of a rectangular rug that has length , in feet, and
width , in feet. The width of the rug is feet. What is the length, in feet, of the rug?

ID: 4abb3e2e Answer

Correct Answer: 15

Rationale

The correct answer is 15. It's given that the equation 46 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 gives the perimeter of a rectangular rug that has
length 𝑥, in feet, and width 𝑦, in feet. It's also given that the width of the rug is 8 feet. Substituting 8 for 𝑦 in the equation
46 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 yields 46 = 2𝑥 + 2(8), or 46 = 2𝑥 + 16. Subtracting 16 from both sides of this equation yields 30 = 2𝑥.
Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 15 = 𝑥. Since 𝑥 represents the length, in feet, of the rug, it follows that
the length of the rug is 15 feet.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d5e9c402
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: d5e9c402

A line in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which equation represents
this line?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d5e9c402 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A line in the xy-plane with a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of (0, 𝑏) can be represented by the
1 1
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏. It's given that the line has a slope of − . Therefore, 𝑚 = − . It's also given that the line passes
2 2
1
through the point (0, 3). Therefore, 𝑏 = 3. Substituting − for 𝑚 and 3 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
2
1 1
𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 3. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 3 represents this line.
2 2

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a line in the xy-plane that passes through the point (0, − 3), not (0, 3).

1 1
Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a line in the xy-plane that has a slope of , not − , and passes through
2 2
the point (0, − 3), not (0, 3).

1 1
Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a line in the xy-plane that has a slope of , not − .
2 2

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID ace7d6eb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: ace7d6eb

A food truck buys forks for each and plates for each. The total cost of forks and plates
is . Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ace7d6eb Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the food truck buys forks for $ 0.04 each. Therefore, the cost, in dollars, of 𝑥 forks
can be represented by the expression 0.04𝑥. It’s also given that the food truck buys plates for $ 0.48 each. Therefore,
the cost, in dollars, of 𝑦 plates can be represented by the expression 0.48𝑦. Since the total cost of 𝑥 forks and 𝑦 plates is
$ 661.76, the equation 0.04𝑥 + 0.48𝑦 = 661.76 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation in which the food truck buys forks for $ 0.48 each and plates
for $ 0.04 each.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID e914e737
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: e914e737

Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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 ID: e914e737 Answer
Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Each of the given choices gives three values of 𝑥: 0, 2, and 4. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given
equation yields 𝑦 = 70(0) + 8, or 𝑦 = 8. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 0, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 8.
Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = 70(2) + 8, or 𝑦 = 148. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding
value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 148. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = 70(4) + 8, or 𝑦 = 288.
Therefore, when 𝑥 = 4, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 288. Thus, if the three values of 𝑥 are 0, 2,
and 4, then their corresponding values of 𝑦 are 8, 148, and 288, respectively, for the given equation.

Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 70
.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 912eb2f0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 912eb2f0

What is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 912eb2f0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of an equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, has
a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of (0, 𝑏). Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 34𝑥 + 81 is (0, 81).

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 977935fa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 977935fa

The y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is . What is the value of ?

ID: 977935fa Answer

Correct Answer: -32

Rationale

The correct answer is −32. It’s given that the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = − 6𝑥 − 32 is (0, 𝑦). Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in
this equation yields 𝑦 = − 6(0) − 32, or 𝑦 = − 32. Therefore, the value of 𝑦 that corresponds to the y-intercept of the
graph of 𝑦 = − 6𝑥 − 32 in the xy-plane is −32.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 77b21e2b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 77b21e2b

Line in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which equation defines line
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 77b21e2b Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A line in the xy-plane with a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of (0, 𝑏) can be defined by an equation in
the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏. It’s given that line 𝑟 has a slope of 4 and passes through the point (0, 6). It follows that 𝑚 = 4 and
𝑏 = 6. Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 6 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 6. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 6
defines line 𝑟.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation defines a line that has a slope of −6, not 4, and passes through the point (0, 4), not
(0, 6).

Choice B is incorrect. This equation defines a line that has a slope of 6, not 4, and passes through the point (0, 4), not
(0, 6).

Choice C is incorrect. This equation defines a line that passes through the point (0, − 6), not (0, 6).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID f2c128d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: f2c128d8

Line is shown in the xy-plane. Line (not shown) is parallel to line . What is the slope of line ?

ID: f2c128d8 Answer

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale

The correct answer is 4. It's given that line 𝑘 is parallel to line 𝑗. It follows that the slope of line 𝑘 is equal to the slope of
𝑦 − 𝑦1
line 𝑗. Given two points on a line in the xy-plane, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), the slope of the line can be calculated as 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
9−5
.

In the xy-plane shown, the points (0, 5) and (1, 9) are on line 𝑗. It follows that the slope of line 𝑗 is , or 4. Since the
1−0
slope of line 𝑗 is equal to the slope of line 𝑘, the slope of line 𝑘 is also 4.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 74510a38
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 74510a38

A total of paper straws of equal length were used to construct two types of polygons: triangles and
rectangles. The triangles and rectangles were constructed so that no two polygons had a common side.
The equation represents this situation, where is the number of triangles constructed
and is the number of rectangles constructed. What is the best interpretation of in
this context?

A. If triangles were constructed, then rectangles were constructed.

B. If triangles were constructed, then paper straws were used.

C. If triangles were constructed, then rectangles were constructed.

D. If triangles were constructed, then paper straws were used.

ID: 74510a38 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that 364 paper straws of equal length were used to construct triangles and rectangles,
where no two polygons had a common side. It's also given that the equation 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 364 represents this situation,
where 𝑥 is the number of triangles constructed and 𝑦 is the number of rectangles constructed. The equation
(𝑥, 𝑦) = (24, 73) means that if 𝑥 = 24, then 𝑦 = 73. Substituting 24 for 𝑥 and 73 for 𝑦 in 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 364 yields
3(24) + 4(73) = 364, or 364 = 364, which is true. Therefore, in this context, the equation (𝑥, 𝑦) = (24, 73) means that if 24
triangles were constructed, then 73 rectangles were constructed.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 241ef96a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 241ef96a

The equation represents the number of minutes of daylight (between sunrise and
sunset), , and the number of minutes of non-daylight, , on a particular day in Oak Park, Illinois. If this
day has minutes of daylight, how many minutes of non-daylight does it have?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 241ef96a Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1,440 represents the number of minutes of daylight, 𝑥, and the
number of minutes of non-daylight, 𝑦, on a particular day in Oak Park, Illinois. It’s also given that this day has 670
minutes of daylight. Substituting 670 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1,440 yields 670 + 𝑦 = 1,440. Subtracting 670 from
both sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = 770. Therefore, this day has 770 minutes of non-daylight.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of minutes of daylight, not non-daylight, on this day.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the total number of minutes of daylight and non-daylight.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 7999e5da
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Easy

two variables

ID: 7999e5da

Naomi bought both rabbit snails and nerite snails for a total of . Each rabbit snail costs and each
nerite snail costs . If Naomi bought nerite snails, how many rabbit snails did she buy?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7999e5da Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Let 𝑥 represent the number of rabbit snails that Naomi bought. It’s given that each rabbit snail
costs $ 8. Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, of the rabbit snails that Naomi bought can be represented by the
expression 8𝑥. It’s also given that each nerite snail costs $ 6, and that Naomi bought 2 nerite snails. Therefore, the total
cost, in dollars, of the nerite snails that Naomi bought is 6(2), or 12. Since Naomi bought both the rabbit snails and the
nerite snails for a total of $ 52, the equation 8𝑥 + 12 = 52 can be used to represent the situation. Subtracting 12 from
both sides of this equation yields 8𝑥 = 40. Dividing both sides of this equation by 8 yields 𝑥 = 5. Therefore, Naomi
bought 5 rabbit snails.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the total cost, in dollars, of the nerite snails that Naomi bought, not the number of rabbit
snails.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, of one rabbit snail and one nerite snail, not the number of rabbit snails
that Naomi bought.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 80f346ea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: 80f346ea

A line passes through the points and in the xy-plane. What is the slope of the line?

ID: 80f346ea Answer

Correct Answer: 1.636, 18/11

Rationale

18
. For a line that passes through the points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) in the xy-plane, the slope of the
11 𝑦 − 𝑦1
The correct answer is
line can be calculated using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2 . It's given that a line passes through the points (4, 6) and
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
𝑦 − 𝑦1
(15, 24) in the xy-plane. Substituting (4, 6) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (15, 24) for (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) in the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
24 − 6 18 18
, yields

𝑚= , or 𝑚 = . Therefore, the slope of the line is . Note that 18/11 and 1.636 are examples of ways to enter a
15 − 4 11 11
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 38f53fa4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: 38f53fa4

Figure A and figure B are both regular polygons. The sum of the perimeter of figure A and the perimeter
of figure B is inches. The equation represents this situation, where is the number of
sides of figure A and is the number of sides of figure B. Which statement is the best interpretation of
in this context?

A. Each side of figure B has a length of inches.

B. The number of sides of figure B is .

C. Each side of figure A has a length of inches.

D. The number of sides of figure A is .

ID: 38f53fa4 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

perimeters of the two figures is 63 inches. It’s also given that 𝑥 is the number of sides of figure A and 𝑦 is the number
Choice A is correct. It’s given that figure A and figure B (not shown) are both regular polygons and the sum of the

of sides of figure B, and that the equation 3𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 63 represents this situation. Thus, 3𝑥 and 6𝑦 represent the
perimeters, in inches, of figure A and figure B, respectively. Since 6𝑦 represents the perimeter, in inches, of figure B and
𝑦 is the number of sides of figure B, it follows that each side of figure B has a length of 6 inches.

Choice B is incorrect. The number of sides of figure B is 𝑦, not 6.

Choice C is incorrect. Since the perimeter, in inches, of figure A is represented by 3𝑥, each side of figure A has a length
of 3 inches, not 6 inches.

Choice D is incorrect. The number of sides of figure A is 𝑥, not 6.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID a39e1c3b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: a39e1c3b

What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: a39e1c3b Answer

Correct Answer: 13.75, 55/4

Rationale

55
. In the xy-plane, the graph of an equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants,
4
has a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of (0, 𝑏). Applying the distributive property to the right-hand side of the given
The correct answer is

27 15 55 15
equation yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 + + 7𝑥. Combining like terms yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 + . This equation is in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏,
4 4 4 4
55 15 1 55
where 𝑚 = and 𝑏 = . It follows that the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = (27𝑥 + 15) + 7𝑥 in the xy-plane is . Note that
4 4 4 4
55/4 and 13.75 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID d609d1ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: d609d1ce

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope
of line ?

ID: d609d1ce Answer

Correct Answer: .1764, .1765, 3/17

Rationale

3
. It’s given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line
17
17
The correct answer is
𝑗 is the negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The equation of line 𝑘, 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 5, is written in slope-intercept form
3
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It follows that the
17
slope of line 𝑘 is − . The negative reciprocal of a number is −1 divided by the number. Therefore, the negative
3
17 −1 3 3
reciprocal of − is 17, or . Thus, the slope of line 𝑗 is . Note that 3/17, .1764, .1765, and 0.176 are examples of
3 17 17
−
3
ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 28c92268
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: 28c92268

A total of squares each have side length . A total of equilateral triangles each have side length .
None of these squares and triangles shares a side. The sum of the perimeters of all these squares and
triangles is . Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 28c92268 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that a total of 2 squares each have side length 𝑟. Therefore, each of the squares has
perimeter 4𝑟. Since there are a total of 2 squares, the sum of the perimeters of these squares is 4𝑟 + 4𝑟, which is
equivalent to 2(4𝑟), or 8𝑟. It’s also given that a total of 6 equilateral triangles each have side length 𝑡. Therefore, each of
the equilateral triangles has perimeter 3𝑡. Since there are a total of 6 equilateral triangles, the sum of the perimeters of
these triangles is 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡 + 3𝑡, which is equivalent to 6(3𝑡), or 18𝑡. Since the sum of the perimeters of the
squares is 8𝑟 and the sum of the perimeters of the triangles is 18𝑡, the sum of the perimeters of all these squares and
triangles is 8𝑟 + 18𝑡. It’s given that the sum of the perimeters of all these squares and triangles is 210. Therefore, the
equation 8𝑟 + 18𝑡 = 210 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID a2bf1dd6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: a2bf1dd6

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of
line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a2bf1dd6 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

1
Choice B is correct. It's given that line 𝑘 is defined by 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + . For an equation in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑚
8
represents the slope of the line defined by this equation in the xy-plane and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of this line. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑘 is 7. It’s also given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane.
1
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is the opposite reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The opposite reciprocal of 7 is − .
7
1
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is − .
7

Choice A is incorrect. This is the opposite reciprocal of the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, not the slope, of line 𝑘.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑘, not the slope of line 𝑗.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the slope of a line that is parallel, not perpendicular, to line 𝑘.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID cd13910e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: cd13910e

What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: cd13910e Answer

Correct Answer: .3846, 5/13

Rationale

5
. The graph of a line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is
13
5
The correct answer is
the slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The given equation can be written as 𝑦 = ( )𝑥 − 23.
13
5
13
Therefore, the slope of the graph of this equation in the xy-plane is . Note that 5/13, .3846, 0.385, and 0.384 are
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID cec3c002
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: cec3c002

A store sells two different-sized containers of blueberries. The store’s sales of these blueberries totaled
dollars last month. The equation represents this situation, where is
the number of smaller containers sold and is the number of larger containers sold. According to the
equation, what is the price, in dollars, of each smaller container?

ID: cec3c002 Answer

Correct Answer: 4.51, 451/100

Rationale

The correct answer is 4.51. It’s given that the equation 4.51𝑥 + 6.07𝑦 = 896.86 represents this situation, where 𝑥 is the
number of smaller containers sold, 𝑦 is the number of larger containers sold, and 896.86 is the store’s total sales, in
dollars, of blueberries last month. Therefore, 4.51𝑥 represents the store's sales, in dollars, of smaller containers, and
6.07𝑦 represents the store's sales, in dollars, of larger containers. Since 𝑥 is the number of smaller containers sold, the
price, in dollars, of each smaller container is 4.51.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID ddfd6303
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: ddfd6303

In triangle , sides and each have a length of centimeters and side has a length of
centimeters. The given equation represents this situation. Which of the following is the best
interpretation of in this context?

A. The difference, in centimeters, between the lengths of sides and

B. The difference, in centimeters, between the lengths of sides and

C. The sum of the lengths, in centimeters, of the three sides of the triangle

D. The length, in centimeters, of one of the two sides of equal length

ID: ddfd6303 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that in triangle 𝑄𝑅𝑆, sides 𝑄𝑅 and 𝑅𝑆 each have a length of 𝑥 centimeters. Therefore, the
expression 2𝑥 represents the sum of the lengths, in centimeters, of sides 𝑄𝑅 and 𝑅𝑆. It's also given that side 𝑆𝑄 has a
length of 𝑦 centimeters. Therefore, the expression 2𝑥 + 𝑦 represents the sum of the lengths, in centimeters, of sides 𝑄𝑅,
𝑅𝑆, and 𝑆𝑄. Since 2𝑥 + 𝑦 is the sum of the lengths, in centimeters, of the three sides of the triangle and 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 37, it
follows that 37 is the sum of the lengths, in centimeters, of the three sides of the triangle.

Choice A is incorrect. The difference, in centimeters, between the lengths of sides 𝑄𝑅 and 𝑆𝑄 is 𝑥 − 𝑦, not 37.

Choice B is incorrect. The difference, in centimeters, between the lengths of sides 𝑄𝑅 and 𝑅𝑆 is 𝑥 − 𝑥, or 0, not 37.

Choice D is incorrect. The length, in centimeters, of one of the two sides of equal length is 𝑥, not 37.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 012136ca
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: 012136ca

The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Which equation represents the
linear relationship between and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 012136ca Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is
the slope of the line in the xy-plane that represents the relationship, and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The
slope can be computed using any two points on the line. The slope of a line between any two points, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and
𝑦 − 𝑦1
(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), on the line can be calculated using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2 . In the given table, each value of 𝑥 and its
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
corresponding value of 𝑦 can be represented by a point (𝑥, 𝑦). In the given table, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 is 11 and when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16. Therefore, the points
(1, 11) and (2, 16) are on the line. Substituting (1, 11) and (2, 16) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the slope
16 − 11
formula yields 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 5. Substituting 5 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 𝑏. Substituting the
2−1
first value of 𝑥 in the table, 1, and its corresponding value of 𝑦, 11, for 𝑥 and 𝑦, respectively, in this equation yields
11 = 5(1) + 𝑏, or 11 = 𝑏 + 5. Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields 6 = 𝑏. Substituting 6 for 𝑏 in the
equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6 represents the linear relationship between 𝑥
and 𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16, not 11.

Choice C is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 17, not 16.

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 Choice D is incorrect. For this relationship, when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 17, not 11.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 524a5350
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: 524a5350

In the xy-plane, line passes through the points and . Which equation defines line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 524a5350 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining a line in the xy-plane can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚
represents the slope and (0, 𝑏) represents the y-intercept of the line. It’s given that line 𝑡 passes through the point (0, 9);
therefore, 𝑏 = 9. The slope, 𝑚, of a line can be found using any two points on the line, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), and the slope
𝑦 − 𝑦1
formula 𝑚 = 2 . Substituting (0, 9) and (1, 17) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the slope formula yields
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
17 − 9
𝑚= , or 𝑚 = 8. Substituting 8 for 𝑚 and 9 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 9.
1−0

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID b272276f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Medium

two variables

ID: b272276f

What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: b272276f Answer

Correct Answer: 14.66, 14.67, 44/3

Rationale

44
. A linear equation can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of
3
1 1
The correct answer is
the equation in the xy-plane and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept. Distributing the in the equation 𝑦 = (29𝑥 + 10) + 5𝑥 yields
3 3
29 10 44 10
𝑦 = 𝑥 + + 5𝑥. Combining like terms on the right-hand side of this equation yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 + . This equation is in
3 3 3 3
44 10
the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 = and 𝑏 = . Therefore, the slope of the graph of the given equation in the xy-plane is
3 3
44
3
. Note that 44/3, 14.66, and 14.67 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 228bd68a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: 228bd68a

What is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: 228bd68a Answer

Correct Answer: 189/5, 37.8

Rationale

189
5
3(0) 5𝑦 5𝑦
The correct answer is . A y-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is a point where the graph intersects the y-axis, which

is a point with an x-coordinate of 0. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields = − + 21, or 0 = − + 21.
7 9 9
5𝑦
Subtracting 21 from both sides of this equation yields −21 = − . Multiplying both sides of this equation by −9 yields
9
189
189 = 5𝑦. Dividing both sides of this equation by 5 yields = 𝑦. Therefore, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the
5
189
5
graph of the given equation in the xy-plane is . Note that 189/5 and 37.8 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 8a1fb433
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: 8a1fb433

The graph shows a linear relationship between and . Which equation represents this relationship,
where is a positive constant?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8a1fb433 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The equation representing the linear relationship shown can be written in slope-intercept form

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 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the line. The line shown passes through the points (0, 6)
and (2, 0). Given two points on a line, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), the slope of the line can be calculated using the equation
𝑦 − 𝑦1 0−6
𝑚= 2 . Substituting (0, 6) and (2, 0) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in this equation yields 𝑚 =
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2−0
6
, which is

equivalent to 𝑚 = − , or 𝑚 = − 3. Since (0, 6) is the y-intercept, it follows that 𝑏 = 6. Substituting − 3 for 𝑚 and 6 for 𝑏
2
in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = − 3𝑥 + 6. Adding 3𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6. Multiplying
this equation by 6 yields 18𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 36. It follows that the equation 18𝑥 + 𝑅𝑦 = 36, where 𝑅 is a positive constant,
represents this relationship.

Choice A is incorrect. The graph of this relationship passes through the point (0, 2), not (0, 6).

Choice B is incorrect. The graph of this relationship passes through the point (0, 2), not (0, 6).

Choice D is incorrect. The graph of this relationship passes through the point (−2, 0), not (2, 0).

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 1ad71c23
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: 1ad71c23

The table shows two values of and their corresponding values of . In the xy-plane, the graph of the
linear equation representing this relationship passes through the point . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1ad71c23 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is
the slope of the graph of this equation in the xy-plane and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The slope of a line
𝑦 − 𝑦1
between any two points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) on the line can be calculated using the slope formula 𝑚 = 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
. Based
on the table, the graph contains the points (−18, − 48) and (7, 52). Substituting (−18, − 48) and (7, 52) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and
52 − (−48) 100
(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 4. Substituting 4
7 − (−18) 25
for 𝑚, − 18 for 𝑥, and − 48 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields −48 = 4(−18) + 𝑏, or −48 = − 72 + 𝑏. Adding 72 to
both sides of this equation yields 24 = 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑚 = 4 and 𝑏 = 24. Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 24 for 𝑏 in the equation
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24. Thus, the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24 represents the linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦. It's

1 1 1 4 168
also given that the graph of the linear equation representing this relationship in the xy-plane passes through the point
( , 𝑎). Substituting for 𝑥 and 𝑎 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24 yields 𝑎 = 4( ) + 24, which is equivalent to 𝑎 = +
7 7 7 7 7
172
, or 𝑎 =
7
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

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 Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID e4db4454
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: e4db4454

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the

slope of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e4db4454 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

1 1
Choice D is correct. It’s given that line ℎ is defined by 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 70 = 0. This equation can be written in slope-intercept
5 7
form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of line ℎ and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line ℎ. Adding 70 to both
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
sides of 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 70 = 0 yields 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 70. Subtracting 𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 70.
5 7 5 7 5 7 5
7 7
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 490. Therefore, the slope of line ℎ is − . It’s given that line
5 5
𝑗 is perpendicular to line ℎ in the xy-plane. Two lines are perpendicular if their slopes are negative reciprocals, meaning
that the slope of the first line is equal to − 1 divided by the slope of the second line. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is the
7 −1 5 5
negative reciprocal of the slope of line ℎ. The negative reciprocal of − is , or . Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is .
5 7 7 7
(− )
5

Choice A is incorrect. This is the slope of a line in the xy-plane that is parallel, not perpendicular, to line ℎ.

7
Choice B is incorrect. This is the reciprocal, not the negative reciprocal, of − .
5
7
Choice C is incorrect. This is the negative, not the negative reciprocal, of − .
5

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID dcdceeae
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: dcdceeae

In the xy-plane, line has a slope of and an x-intercept of . What is the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of line ?

ID: dcdceeae Answer

Correct Answer: -10

Rationale

The correct answer is −10. A line in the xy-plane can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope
5 5
of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. It's given that line 𝑝 has a slope of − . Therefore, 𝑚 = − . It's
3 3
5
also given that line 𝑝 has an x-intercept of (−6, 0). Therefore, when 𝑥 = − 6, 𝑦 = 0. Substituting − for 𝑚, −6 for 𝑥, and 0
3
5
for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = (− )(−6) + 𝑏, which is equivalent to 0 = 10 + 𝑏. Subtracting 10 from both
3
sides of this equation yields − 10 = 𝑏. Therefore, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑝 is −10.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 6ee5222e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in Hard

two variables

ID: 6ee5222e

Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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 ID: 6ee5222e Answer
Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Each of the tables gives the same three values of 𝑥: 1, 2, and 4. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 in the given
3 3 3 3 35 3 3 32
equation yields ( )(1) + 𝑦 = 7, or + 𝑦 = . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = . Multiplying
5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5
4 128
both sides of this equation by yields 𝑦 = . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given
3 15
128 3 3 6 3 35 6
. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields ( )(2) + 𝑦 = 7, or + 𝑦 = . Subtracting from both
15 5 4 5 4 5 5
3 29 4 116
equation is

sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields 𝑦 = . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2,
4 5 3 15
116
the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is . Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields
15
3 3 12 3 35 12 3 23
( )(4) + 𝑦 = 7, or + 𝑦 = . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields 𝑦 = . Multiplying both sides of
5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5
4 92 92
this equation by yields 𝑦 = . Therefore, when 𝑥 = 4, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is . The
3 15 15
128 116 92
table in choice D gives x-values of 1, 2, and 4 and corresponding y-values of
15 15 15
, , and , respectively. Therefore, the
table in choice D gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the given equation.

Choice A is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation
3 3
𝑥 + + 𝑦 = 7.
5 4
3
Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10
5
.

3 3
Choice C is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8
5 4
.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 15c9443f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 15c9443f

The graph of a system of linear equations is shown. What is the solution to the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 15c9443f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. If a point (𝑥, 𝑦) lies on both lines in the graph of a system of two linear equations, the ordered pair
(𝑥, 𝑦) is a solution to the system. The graph shown is the graph of a system of two linear equations, where the two lines
in the graph intersect at the point . Therefore, the point lies on both lines, so the ordered pair is the

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 in the graph intersect at the point (3, 4). Therefore, the point (3, 4) lies on both lines, so the ordered pair (3, 4) is the
solution to the system.

Choice A is incorrect. The point (2, 3) lies on one, not both, of the lines in the graph shown.

Choice C is incorrect. The point (4, 5) lies on one, not both, of the lines in the graph shown.

Choice D is incorrect. The point (5, 6) lies on one, not both, of the lines in the graph shown.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 5d6fef30
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 5d6fef30

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5d6fef30 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The second equation in the given system is 𝑟 = 3. Substituting 3 for 𝑟 in the first equation in the
given system yields 𝑠 + 7(3) = 27, or 𝑠 + 21 = 27. Subtracting 21 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑠 = 6. Therefore,
the solution (𝑟, 𝑠) to the given system of equations is (3, 6).

Choice A is incorrect. This is the solution (𝑠, 𝑟), not (𝑟, 𝑠), to the given system of equations.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 1605a215
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 1605a215

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 1605a215 Answer

Correct Answer: 6

Rationale

The correct answer is 6. The first equation in the given system is 𝑥 = 8. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the second equation in
the given system yields 8 + 3𝑦 = 26. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this equation yields 3𝑦 = 18. Dividing both sides of
this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 6. Therefore, the value of 𝑦 is 6.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID b84c49da
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: b84c49da

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b84c49da Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The second equation in the given system is 𝑦 = 28. Substituting 28 for 𝑦 in the first equation in the
given system yields 28 = 12𝑥 − 20. Adding 20 to both sides of this equation yields 48 = 12𝑥. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 12 yields 4 = 𝑥. Therefore, the solution (𝑥, 𝑦) to the given system of equations is (4, 28).

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the solution (𝑦, 𝑥), not (𝑥, 𝑦), to the given system of equations.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID ea278c09
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ea278c09

The graph of a system of linear equations is shown. What is the solution to the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ea278c09 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The solution to this system of linear equations is represented by the point that lies on both lines

shown, or the point of intersection of the two lines. According to the graph, the point of intersection occurs when 𝑥 = 2
and , or at the point . Therefore, the solution to the system is .

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 and 𝑦 = 3, or at the point (2, 3). Therefore, the solution (𝑥, 𝑦) to the system is (2, 3).

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0d1a1f0c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 0d1a1f0c

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0d1a1f0c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The first equation in the given system of equations is 𝑥 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the second
equation in the given system of equations yields 𝑦 = 5 − 4, or 𝑦 = 1.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 in the solution to the given system of equations, not the value of 𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID bd1bc98b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: bd1bc98b

The graph of a system of linear equations is shown. The solution to the system is . What is the
value of ?

ID: bd1bc98b Answer

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale

The correct answer is 4. A solution to a system of equations must satisfy each equation in the system. It follows that if
(𝑥, 𝑦) is a solution to the system, the point (𝑥, 𝑦) lies on the graph in the xy-plane of each equation in the system.
According to the graph, the point (𝑥, 𝑦) that lies on the graph of each equation in the system is (4, 1). Therefore, the
solution to the system is (4, 1). It follows that the value of 𝑥 is 4.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 057aa645
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 057aa645

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 057aa645 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. According to the first equation in the given system, 𝑦 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑦 in the second
equation in the given system yields 𝑥 = 4 + 6, or 𝑥 = 10.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑦, not 𝑥.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 773184de
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Easy

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 773184de

The graph of a system of linear equations is shown. What is the solution to the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 773184de Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A solution to a system of equations must be the solution to each equation in the system. It follows
that if (𝑥, 𝑦) is a solution to the system, the point (𝑥, 𝑦) lies on the graph in the xy-plane of each equation in the system.
The point that lies on each graph of the system of linear equations shown is their intersection point . Therefore,

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 The point that lies on each graph of the system of linear equations shown is their intersection point (2, 4). Therefore,
the solution to the system is (2, 4).

Choice A is incorrect. The point (0, 5) lies on one, but not both, of the graphs of the linear equations shown.

Choice C is incorrect. The point (5, 10) lies on one, but not both, of the graphs of the linear equations shown.

Choice D is incorrect. The point (10, 0) lies on one, but not both, of the graphs of the linear equations shown.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID cdcfc854
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: cdcfc854

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: cdcfc854 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Adding 9𝑥 to both sides of the first equation in the given system yields 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13. Substituting the
expression 9𝑥 + 13 for 𝑦 in the second equation in the given system yields 5𝑥 = 2(9𝑥 + 13). Distributing the 2 on the
right-hand side of this equation yields 5𝑥 = 18𝑥 + 26. Subtracting 18𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields
− 13𝑥 = 26. Dividing both sides of this equation by −13 yields 𝑥 = − 2. Substituting −2 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 13
yields 𝑦 = 9(−2) + 13, or 𝑦 = − 5. Therefore, the solution (𝑥, 𝑦) to the given system of equations is (−2, − 5).

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution (𝑦, 𝑥), not (𝑥, 𝑦), to the given system of equations.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c751fef8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: c751fef8

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c751fef8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

1 1
Choice B is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = − 𝑥. Substituting − 𝑥 for 𝑦 in the second
5 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
equation in the system, 𝑦 = 𝑥, yields − 𝑥 = 𝑥. Adding − 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 0 = 𝑥 + 𝑥, which is
7 5 7 5 7 5
5 7 12 35
equivalent to 0 = 𝑥 + 𝑥, or 0 = 𝑥. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields 0 = 𝑥. Therefore, the value of
35 35 35 12
𝑥 is 0.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID d79caaad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: d79caaad

The combined original price for a mirror and a vase is . After a discount to the mirror and a
discount to the vase are applied, the combined sale price for the two items is . Which system
of equations gives the original price , in dollars, of the mirror and the original price , in dollars, of the
vase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d79caaad Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that 𝑚 represents the original price, in dollars, of the mirror, and 𝑣 represents the original
price, in dollars, of the vase. It's also given that the combined original price for the mirror and the vase is $ 60. This can
be represented by the equation 𝑚 + 𝑣 = 60. After a 25 % discount to the mirror is applied, the sale price of the mirror is
75 % of its original price. This can be represented by the expression 0.75𝑚. After a 45 % discount to the vase is applied,
the sale price of the vase is 55 % of its original price. This can be represented by the expression 0.55𝑣. It’s given that the
combined sale price for the two items is $ 39. This can be represented by the equation 0.75𝑚 + 0.55𝑣 = 39. Therefore,
the system of equations consisting of the equations 𝑚 + 𝑣 = 60 and 0.75𝑚 + 0.55𝑣 = 39 gives the original price 𝑚, in
dollars, of the mirror and the original price 𝑣, in dollars, of the vase.

Choice A is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 45 % discount to the mirror and a
25 % discount to the vase.

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 Choice B is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 55 % discount to the mirror and a
75 % discount to the vase.

Choice D is incorrect. The second equation in this system of equations represents a 75 % discount to the mirror and a
55 % discount to the vase.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 16fe36f6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 16fe36f6

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 16fe36f6 Answer

Correct Answer: 24

Rationale

The correct answer is 24. The given system of equations can be solved by the substitution method. The first equation in
1 1
the given system of equations is 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 14. Substituting 𝑥 − 14 for 𝑦 in the second equation in the given system
3 3
1 1
yields 𝑥 − 14 = − 𝑥 + 18. Adding 14 to both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 = − 𝑥 + 32. Adding 𝑥 to both sides of this
3 3
4 3
equation yields 𝑥 = 32. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields 𝑥 = 24.
3 4

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 96164aab
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 96164aab

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 96164aab Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The second equation in the given system is 𝑦 = 9𝑥 + 1. Substituting 9𝑥 + 1 for 𝑦 in the first equation
in the given system yields 8𝑥 + 9𝑥 + 1 = 5, which is equivalent to 17𝑥 + 1 = 5. Subtracting 1 from both sides of this
4
equation yields 17𝑥 = 4. Dividing both sides of this equation by 17 yields 𝑥 = .
17

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID dcd58812
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Medium

linear equations in
two variables

ID: dcd58812

Two customers purchased the same kind of bread and eggs at a store. The first customer paid
dollars for loaf of bread and dozen eggs. The second customer paid dollars for loaves of
bread and dozen eggs. What is the cost, in dollars, of dozen eggs?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dcd58812 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Let 𝓁 represent the cost, in dollars, of 1 loaf of bread, and let 𝑑 represent the cost, in dollars, of 1
dozen eggs. It’s given that the first customer paid 12.45 dollars for 1 loaf of bread and 2 dozen eggs. Therefore, the first
customer’s purchase can be represented by the equation 𝓁 + 2𝑑 = 12.45. It’s also given that the second customer paid
19.42 dollars for 4 loaves of bread and 1 dozen eggs. Therefore, the second customer’s purchase can be represented by
the equation 4𝓁 + 𝑑 = 19.42. The equations 𝓁 + 2𝑑 = 12.45 and 4𝓁 + 𝑑 = 19.42 form a system of linear equations, which
can be solved by elimination to find the value of 𝑑. Multiplying the first equation in the system by −4 yields
−4𝓁 − 8𝑑 = − 49.8. Adding −4𝓁 − 8𝑑 = − 49.8 to the second equation, 4𝓁 + 𝑑 = 19.42, yields
(−4𝓁 + 4𝓁) + (−8𝑑 + 𝑑) = (−49.8 + 19.42), which is equivalent to − 7𝑑 = − 30.38. Dividing both sides of this equation by
−7 yields 𝑑 = 4.34. Therefore, the cost, in dollars, of 1 dozen eggs is 4.34.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, of 1 loaf of bread.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID ac73d6d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ac73d6d9

A sample of a certain alloy has a total mass of grams and is silicon by mass. The sample
was created by combining two pieces of different alloys. The first piece was silicon by mass and
the second piece was silicon by mass. What was the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the second
piece?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ac73d6d9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Let 𝑥 represent the total mass, in grams, of the first piece, and let 𝑦 represent the total mass, in
grams, of the second piece. It's given that the sample has a total mass of 50.0 grams. Therefore, the equation
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 50.0 represents this situation. It's also given that the sample is 50.0 % silicon by mass. Therefore, the total mass
of the silicon in the sample is 0.500(50.0), or 25.0, grams. It's also given that the first piece was 30.0 % silicon by mass
and the second piece was 80.0 % silicon by mass. Therefore, the masses, in grams, of the silicon in the first and second
pieces can be represented by the expressions 0.300𝑥 and 0.800𝑦, respectively. Since the sample was created by
combining the first and second pieces, and the total mass of the silicon in the sample is 25.0 grams, the equation
0.300𝑥 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0 represents this situation. Subtracting 𝑦 from both sides of the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 50.0 yields
𝑥 = 50.0 − 𝑦. Substituting 50.0 − 𝑦 for 𝑥 in the equation 0.300𝑥 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0 yields 0.300(50.0 − 𝑦) + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0.
Distributing 0.300 on the left-hand side of this equation yields 15.0 − 0.300𝑦 + 0.800𝑦 = 25.0. Combining like terms on the
left-hand side of this equation yields 15.0 + 0.500𝑦 = 25.0. Subtracting 15.0 from both sides of this equation yields
0.500𝑦 = 10.0. Dividing both sides of this equation by 0.500 yields 𝑦 = 20.0. Substituting 20.0 for 𝑦 in the expression
representing the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the second piece, 0.800𝑦, yields 0.800(20.0), or 16.0. Therefore, the
mass, in grams, of the silicon in the second piece is 16.0.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the first piece, not the second piece.

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 Choice C is incorrect. This is the total mass, in grams, of the second piece, not the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the
second piece.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the total mass, in grams, of the first piece, not the mass, in grams, of the silicon in the
second piece.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID ec5b59f7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ec5b59f7

A piece of wire with a length of inches is cut into two parts. One part has a length of inches, and
the other part has a length of inches. The value of is more than times the value of . What is the
value of ?

ID: ec5b59f7 Answer

Correct Answer: 25

Rationale

The correct answer is 25. It’s given that a piece of wire has a length of 32 inches and is cut into two parts. It’s also given
that one part has a length of 𝑥 inches and the other part has a length of 𝑦 inches. It follows that the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 32
represents this situation. It’s also given that the value of 𝑥 is 4 more than 3 times the value of 𝑦, or 𝑥 = 3𝑦 + 4.
Substituting 3𝑦 + 4 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 32 yields 3𝑦 + 4 + 𝑦 = 32. Combining like terms on the left-hand side
of this equation yields 4𝑦 + 4 = 32. Subtracting 4 from both sides of this equation yields 4𝑦 = 28. Dividing both sides of
this equation by 4 yields 𝑦 = 7. Substituting 7 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑥 = 3𝑦 + 4 yields 𝑥 = 3(7) + 4, or 𝑥 = 25. Therefore,
the value of 𝑥 is 25.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID a32041f6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: a32041f6

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: a32041f6 Answer

Correct Answer: 10

Rationale

The correct answer is 10. Solving by substitution, the given system of equations, where 𝑝 is a constant, can be written
so that the left-hand side of each equation is equal to 7𝑟. Subtracting 6 from each side of the first equation in the given
system, 6 + 7𝑟 = 𝑝𝑤, yields 7𝑟 = 𝑝𝑤 − 6. Adding 5𝑤 to each side of the second equation in the given system,
7𝑟 − 5𝑤 = 5𝑤 + 11, yields 7𝑟 = 10𝑤 + 11. Since the left-hand side of each equation is equal to 7𝑟, setting the the right-
hand side of the equations equal to each other yields 𝑝𝑤 − 6 = 10𝑤 + 11. A linear equation in one variable, 𝑤, has no
solution if and only if the equation is false; that is, when there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement. For the
equation 𝑝𝑤 − 6 = 10𝑤 + 11, there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement when 𝑝𝑤 = 10𝑤. Therefore, for the
equation 𝑝𝑤 − 6 = 10𝑤 + 11, there's no value of 𝑤 that produces a true statement when the value of 𝑝 is 10. It follows
that in the given system of equations, the system has no solution when the value of 𝑝 is 10.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 6d01548f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 6d01548f

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: 6d01548f Answer

Correct Answer: -28

Rationale

The correct answer is −28. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines

represented by equations in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane

and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the corresponding coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in the other equation. The first
equation in the given system, 48𝑥 − 64𝑦 = 48𝑦 + 24, can be written in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by subtracting 48𝑦 from both
1
sides of the equation to yield 48𝑥 − 112𝑦 = 24. The second equation in the given system, 𝑟𝑦 = − 12𝑥, can be written in
8
1
the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by adding 12𝑥 to both sides of the equation to yield 12𝑥 + 𝑟𝑦 = . The coefficient of 𝑥 in the
8
1 1
second equation is times the coefficient of 𝑥 in the first equation. That is, 48( ) = 12. For the lines to be parallel, the
4 4
1
coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation must also be times the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation. Therefore,
4
1
−112( ) = 𝑟, or −28 = 𝑟. Thus, if the given system has no solution, the value of 𝑟 is −28.
4

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID e5b53db0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e5b53db0

In the given system of equations, and are constants. The graphs of these equations in the xy-plane
intersect at the point . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e5b53db0 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the graphs of the given system of equations intersect at the point (4, 𝑦). Therefore,
(4, 𝑦) is the solution to the given system. Multiplying the first equation in the given system by − 2 yields
− 2𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏𝑦 = − 144. Adding this equation to the second equation in the system yields
(−2𝑎 + 6)𝑥 + (−2𝑏 + 2𝑏)𝑦 = (−144 + 56), or (−2𝑎 + 6)𝑥 = − 88. Since (4, 𝑦) is the solution to the system, the value of 𝑎
can be found by substituting 4 for 𝑥 in this equation, which yields (−2𝑎 + 6)(4) = − 88. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 4 yields − 2𝑎 + 6 = − 22. Subtracting 6 from both sides of this equation yields − 2𝑎 = − 28. Dividing both
sides of this equation by − 2 yields 𝑎 = 14.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 3eb27778
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 3eb27778

Store A sells raspberries for per pint and blackberries for per pint. Store B sells raspberries
for per pint and blackberries for per pint. A certain purchase of raspberries and
blackberries would cost at Store A or at Store B. How many pints of blackberries are in
this purchase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3eb27778 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that store A sells raspberries for $ 5 . 50 per pint and blackberries for $ 3 . 00 per pint, and
a certain purchase of raspberries and blackberries at store A would cost $ 37 . 00. It’s also given that store B sells
raspberries for $ 6 . 50 per pint and blackberries for $ 8 . 00 per pint, and this purchase of raspberries and blackberries
at store B would cost $ 66 . 00. Let 𝑟 represent the number of pints of raspberries and 𝑏 represent the number of pints
of blackberries in this purchase. The equation 5 . 50𝑟 + 3 . 00𝑏 = 37 . 00 represents this purchase of raspberries and
blackberries from store A and the equation 6 . 50𝑟 + 8 . 00𝑏 = 66 . 00 represents this purchase of raspberries and
blackberries from store B. Solving the system of equations by elimination gives the value of 𝑟 and the value of 𝑏 that
make the system of equations true. Multiplying both sides of the equation for store A by 6.5 yields
(5 . 50𝑟)(6 . 5) + (3 . 00𝑏)(6 . 5) = (37 . 00)(6 . 5), or 35 . 75𝑟 + 19 . 5𝑏 = 240 . 5. Multiplying both sides of the equation for store
B by 5.5 yields (6 . 50𝑟)(5 . 5) + (8 . 00𝑏)(5 . 5) = (66 . 00)(5 . 5), or 35 . 75𝑟 + 44𝑏 = 363. Subtracting both sides of the
equation for store A, 35 . 75𝑟 + 19 . 5𝑏 = 240 . 5, from the corresponding sides of the equation for store B,
35 . 75𝑟 + 44𝑏 = 363, yields (35 . 75𝑟 − 35 . 75𝑟) + (44𝑏 − 19 . 5𝑏) = (363 − 240 . 5), or 24 . 5𝑏 = 122 . 5. Dividing both sides of
this equationby 24.5 yields 𝑏 = 5. Thus, 5 pints of blackberries are in
this purchase.

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 Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors. Choice D is incorrect. This is the
number of pints of raspberries, not blackberries, in the purchase.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 064ba59a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 064ba59a

What system of linear equations is represented by the lines shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 064ba59a Answer

Correct Answer: D

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 Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A line in the xy-plane that passes through the points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) has slope 𝑚, where
𝑦 − 𝑦1
𝑚= 2 , and can be defined by an equation of the form 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ). One of the lines shown in the graph
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
𝑦 − 𝑦1
passes through the points (8, 0) and (3, 4). Substituting 8 for 𝑥1 , 0 for 𝑦1 , 3 for 𝑥2 , and 4 for 𝑦2 in the equation 𝑚 = 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
4−0 4 4
yields 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = − . Substituting − for 𝑚, 8 for 𝑥1 and 0 for 𝑦1 in the equation 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) yields
3−8 5 5
4 4 32 4 4 32
𝑦 − 0 = − (𝑥 − 8), which is equivalent to 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + . Adding 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 + 𝑦 = .
5 5 5 5 5 5
Multiplying both sides of this equation by −10 yields − 8𝑥 − 10𝑦 = − 64. Therefore, an equation of this line is
− 8𝑥 − 10𝑦 = − 64. Similarly, the other line shown in the graph passes through the points (8, 0) and (3, 2). Substituting 8
𝑦 − 𝑦1 2−0 2 2
for 𝑥1 , 0 for 𝑦1 , 3 for 𝑥2 , and 2 for 𝑦2 in the equation 𝑚 = 2 yields 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = − . Substituting − for 𝑚, 8
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 3−8 5 5
2 2 16
for 𝑥1 , and 0 for 𝑦1 in the equation 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) yields 𝑦 − 0 = − (𝑥 − 8), which is equivalent to 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + .
5 5 5
2 2 16
Adding 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 + 𝑦 = . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 10 yields
5 5 5
4𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 32. Therefore, an equation of this line is 4𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 32. So, the system of linear equations represented by the
lines shown is 4𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 32 and − 8𝑥 − 10𝑦 = − 64.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 11f714b1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 11f714b1

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 11f714b1 Answer

Correct Answer: 1.8, 9/5

Rationale

9
The correct answer is . Multiplying the first equation in the given system by 2 yields 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 = 90. Subtracting the
5
second equation in the given system, 10𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 27, from 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 = 90 yields (10𝑥 + 28𝑦) − (10𝑥 + 7𝑦) = 90 − 27,
which is equivalent to 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 − 10𝑥 − 7𝑦 = 63, or 21𝑦 = 63. Dividing both sides of this equation by 21 yields 𝑦 = 3. The
value of 𝑥 can be found by substituting 3 for 𝑦 in either of the two given equations. Substituting 3 for 𝑦 in the equation
10𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 27 yields 10𝑥 + 7(3) = 27, or 10𝑥 + 21 = 27. Subtracting 21 from both sides of this equation yields 10𝑥 = 6.
6 3 3 9
Dividing both sides of this equation by 10 yields 𝑥 = , or 𝑥 = . Therefore, the value of 𝑥𝑦 is ( )(3), or . Note that 9/5
10 5 5 5
and 1.8 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 0876dbef
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 0876dbef

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: 0876dbef Answer

Correct Answer: 3.5, 7/2

Rationale

7
The correct answer is . A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines
2

form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. Two lines represented by equations in standard

7 5 4 7 7 14 5 4
proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system,
𝑦 − 𝑥 = − 𝑦, can be written in standard form by adding 𝑦 to both sides of the equation, which yields 𝑦 − 𝑥 = ,
8 8 7 8 8 8 8 7
5 14 4 32
or − 𝑥 + 𝑦 = . Multiplying each term in this equation by −8 yields 5𝑥 − 14𝑦 = − . The second equation in the given
8 8 7 7
5 7 15 7
system, 𝑥 + = 𝑝𝑦 + , can be written in standard form by subtracting and 𝑝𝑦 from both sides of the equation,
4 4 4 4
5 8
which yields 𝑥 − 𝑝𝑦 = . Multiplying each term in this equation by 4 yields 5𝑥 − 4𝑝𝑦 = 8. The coefficient of 𝑥 in the first
4 4
32
equation, 5𝑥 − 14𝑦 = − , is equal to the coefficient of 𝑥 in the second equation, 5𝑥 − 4𝑝𝑦 = 8. For the lines to be
7
parallel, and for the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation to be proportional to the corresponding coefficients in the
other equation, the coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation must also be equal to the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first
−14 7
equation. Therefore, −14 = − 4𝑝. Dividing both sides of this equation by −4 yields = 𝑝, or 𝑝 = . Therefore, if the
−4 2
7
given system of equations has no solution, the value of 𝑝 is . Note that 7/2 and 3.5 are examples of ways to enter a
2
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 8f9ba995
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 8f9ba995

How many solutions does the given system of equations have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 8f9ba995 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has zero solutions if the lines
representing the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. Two lines are distinct and parallel if they have the

𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line representing the equation in the xy-plane and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept.
same slope but different y-intercepts. Each equation in the given system can be written in slope-intercept form

Adding 12𝑥 to both sides of the first equation in the given system of equations, −12𝑥 + 14𝑦 = 36, yields 14𝑦 = 12𝑥 + 36.
6 18
Dividing both sides of this equation by 14 yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 + . It follows that the first equation in the given system of
7 7
6 18
equations has a slope of and a y-intercept of (0, ). Adding 6𝑥 to both sides of the second equation in the given
7 7
6 18
system of equations, −6𝑥 + 7𝑦 = − 18, yields 7𝑦 = 6𝑥 − 18. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 − .
7 7
6 18
It follows that the second equation in the given system of equations has a slope of and a y-intercept of (0, − ).
7 7
Since the slopes of these lines are the same and the y-intercepts are different, it follows that the given system of
equations has zero solutions.

equations, −6𝑥 + 7𝑦 = − 18, by − 2 yields 12𝑥 − 14𝑦 = 36. Adding this equation to the first equation in the given system
Alternate approach: To solve the system by elimination, multiplying the second equation in the given system of

of equations, −12𝑥 + 14𝑦 = 36, yields ( − 12𝑥 + 12𝑥) + ( − 14𝑦 + 14𝑦) = 36 + 36, or 0 = 72. Since this equation isn't true,
the given system of equations has zero solutions.

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 Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID efaeaf88
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: efaeaf88

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: efaeaf88 Answer

Correct Answer: 20

Rationale

The correct answer is 20. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields
5𝑦 − 5𝑦 = 10𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 11 − 21, or 0 = 15𝑥 − 10. Adding 10 to both sides of this equation yields 10 = 15𝑥. Multiplying both
sides of this equation by 2 yields 20 = 30𝑥. Therefore, the value of 30𝑥 is 20.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 5e7991d4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two Hard

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 5e7991d4

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 5e7991d4 Answer

Correct Answer: 1677

Rationale

The correct answer is 1,677. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields
(𝑥 − 2) + (𝑥 − 2) + (−4)(𝑦 + 7) + 4(𝑦 + 7) = 117 + 442, or 2(𝑥 − 2) = 559. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3
yields 6(𝑥 − 2) = 1,677. Therefore, the value of 6(𝑥 − 2) is 1,677.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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 Question ID 6dc8c2cd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Easy

in one or two
variables

ID: 6dc8c2cd

For a party, dinner rolls are needed. Dinner rolls are sold in packages of . What is the minimum
number of packages that should be bought for the party?

ID: 6dc8c2cd Answer

Correct Answer: 5

Rationale

The correct answer is 5. Let 𝑝 represent the number of packages of dinner rolls that should be bought for the party. It's
given that dinner rolls are sold in packages of 12. Therefore, 12𝑝 represents the number of dinner rolls that should be
bought for the party. It's also given that 50 dinner rolls are needed; therefore, 12𝑝 ≥ 50. Dividing both sides of this
50
inequality by 12 yields 𝑝 ≥ , or approximately 𝑝 ≥ 4.17. Since the number of packages of dinner rolls must be a whole
12
number, the minimum number of packages that should be bought for the party is 5.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 741da959
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Easy

in one or two
variables

ID: 741da959

The shaded region shown represents the solutions to which inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 741da959 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the line. For the graph shown, the
Choice A is correct. The equation for the line representing the boundary of the shaded region can be written in slope-

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 boundary line passes through the points (0, − 6) and (9, 0). Given two points on a line, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), the slope of
𝑦 − 𝑦1
the line can be calculated using the equation 𝑚 = 2 . Substituting the points (0, − 6) and (9, 0) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
0 − (−6) 6 2
(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in this equation yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = . Since the point (0, − 6)
9−0 9 3
2
represents the y-intercept, it follows that 𝑏 = − 6. Substituting for 𝑚 and − 6 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
3
2
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 6 as the equation of the boundary line. Since the shaded region represents all the points on and above this
3
2
boundary line, it follows that the shaded region shown represents the solutions to the inequality 𝑦 ≥ 𝑥 − 6.
3

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a y-intercept of (0, 6), not (0, − 6).

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a y-intercept of (0, − 9), not (0, − 6).

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a y-intercept of (0, 9), not (0, − 6).

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID d6a4f60f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Easy

in one or two
variables

ID: d6a4f60f

During spring migration, a dragonfly traveled a minimum of miles and a maximum of miles
between stopover locations. Which inequality represents this situation, where is a possible distance, in
miles, this dragonfly traveled between stopover locations during spring migration?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d6a4f60f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that during spring migration, a dragonfly traveled a minimum of 1,510 miles and a
maximum of 4,130 miles between stopover locations. It's also given that 𝑑 represents a possible distance, in miles, this
dragonfly traveled between stopover locations. It follows that the inequality 1,510 ≤ 𝑑 ≤ 4,130 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which a dragonfly traveled a maximum of 1,510 miles
between stopover locations.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which a dragonfly traveled a minimum of 4,130 miles
between stopover locations.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which a dragonfly traveled a minimum of 4,310 miles and
a maximum of 5,640 miles between stopover locations.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID ae4f73e4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Easy

in one or two
variables

ID: ae4f73e4

During a portion of a flight, a small airplane's cruising speed varied between miles per hour and
miles per hour. Which inequality best represents this situation, where is the cruising speed, in miles per
hour, during this portion of the flight?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ae4f73e4 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that during a portion of a flight, a small airplane's cruising speed varied between 150 miles
per hour and 170 miles per hour. It's also given that 𝑠 represents the cruising speed, in miles per hour, during this portion
of the flight. It follows that the airplane's cruising speed, in miles per hour, was at least 150, which means 𝑠 ≥ 150, and
was at most 170, which means 𝑠 ≤ 170. Therefore, the inequality that best represents this situation is 150 ≤ 𝑠 ≤ 170.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID 0f93d317
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Easy

in one or two
variables

ID: 0f93d317

A geologist needs to collect at least samples of lava from a volcano. If the geologist has already
collected samples from the volcano, what is the minimum number of additional samples the
geologist needs to collect?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0f93d317 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the geologist has already collected 63 samples from the volcano. Let 𝑥 represent the
number of additional samples the geologist needs to collect. After collecting 𝑥 additional samples, the geologist will
have collected a total of 63 + 𝑥 samples. It's given that the geologist needs to collect at least 67 samples. Therefore,
63 + 𝑥 ≥ 67. Subtracting 63 from each side of this inequality yields the inequality 𝑥 ≥ 4. Thus, the geologist needs to
collect a minimum of 4 additional samples.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of samples the geologist has already collected, rather than the minimum
number of additional samples the geologist needs to collect.

Choice D is incorrect. If the geologist collects 0 additional samples, the geologist will have collected a total of 63
samples, which is less than 67 samples.

Question Difficulty: Easy

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 Question ID c38b4d1e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: c38b4d1e

Which point ( , ) is a solution to the given inequality in the -plane?

A. ( , )

B. ( , )

C. ( , )

D. ( , )

ID: c38b4d1e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice D is correct. For a point (𝑥, 𝑦) to be a solution to the given inequality in the xy-plane, the value of the point’s y-
coordinate must be less than the value of −4𝑥 + 4, where 𝑥 is the value of the x-coordinate of the point. This is true of
the point (−4, 0) because 0 < − 4(−4) + 4, or 0 < 20. Therefore, the point (−4, 0) is a solution to the given inequality.

coordinate is greater than the value of −4𝑥 + 4 for the point’s x-coordinate.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. None of these points are a solution to the given inequality because each point’s y-

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID da95cd89
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: da95cd89

For a snowstorm in a certain town, the minimum rate of snowfall recorded was inches per hour, and
the maximum rate of snowfall recorded was inches per hour. Which inequality is true for all values
of , where represents a rate of snowfall, in inches per hour, recorded for this snowstorm?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: da95cd89 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that for a snowstorm in a certain town, the minimum rate of snowfall recorded was 0.6
inches per hour, the maximum rate of snowfall recorded was 1.8 inches per hour, and 𝑠 represents a rate of snowfall, in
inches per hour, recorded for this snowstorm. It follows that the inequality 0.6 ≤ 𝑠 ≤ 1.8 is true for all values of 𝑠.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 06836f64
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: 06836f64

For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to
the given inequality?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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 ID: 06836f64 Answer
Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. All the tables in the choices have the same three values of 𝑥, 440, 441, and 442, so each of the three
values of 𝑥 can be substituted in the given inequality to compare the corresponding values of 𝑦 in each of the tables.
Substituting 440 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 2(440) − 𝑦 > 883, or 880 − 𝑦 > 883. Subtracting 880 from both sides
of this inequality yields −𝑦 > 3. Dividing both sides of this inequality by −1 yields 𝑦 < − 3. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 440, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 must be less than −3. Substituting 441 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 2(441) − 𝑦 > 883, or
882 − 𝑦 > 883. Subtracting 882 from both sides of this inequality yields −𝑦 > 1. Dividing both sides of this inequality by
−1 yields 𝑦 < − 1. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 441, the corresponding value of 𝑦 must be less than −1. Substituting 442 for 𝑥 in
the given inequality yields 2(442) − 𝑦 > 883, or 884 − 𝑦 > 883. Subtracting 884 from both sides of this inequality yields
−𝑦 > − 1. Dividing both sides of this inequality by −1 yields 𝑦 < 1. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 442, the corresponding value of
𝑦 must be less than 1. For the table in choice D, when 𝑥 = 440, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is −4, which is less than −3;
when 𝑥 = 441, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is −2, which is less than −1; when 𝑥 = 442, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 0
, which is less than 1. Therefore, the table in choice D gives values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 that are all
solutions to the given inequality.

Choice A is incorrect. When 𝑥 = 440, the corresponding value of 𝑦 in this table is 0, which isn't less than −3.

Choice B is incorrect. When 𝑥 = 440, the corresponding value of 𝑦 in this table is 0, which isn't less than −3.

Choice C is incorrect. When 𝑥 = 440, the corresponding value of 𝑦 in this table is −2, which isn't less than −3.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c4fb1cb3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: c4fb1cb3

A truck can haul a maximum weight of pounds. During one trip, the truck will be used to haul a
-pound piece of equipment as well as several crates. Some of these crates weigh pounds each
and the others weigh pounds each. Which inequality represents the possible combinations of the
number of -pound crates, , and the number of -pound crates, , the truck can haul during one trip
if only the piece of equipment and the crates are being hauled?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c4fb1cb3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a truck can haul a maximum of 5,630 pounds. It's also given that during one trip, the
truck will be used to haul a 190-pound piece of equipment as well as several crates. It follows that the truck can haul at
most 5,630 − 190, or 5,440, pounds of crates. Since 𝑥 represents the number of 25-pound crates, the expression 25𝑥
represents the weight of the 25-pound crates. Since 𝑦 represents the number of 62-pound crates, 62𝑦 represents the
weight of the 62-pound crates. Therefore, 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 represents the total weight of the crates the truck can haul. Since
the truck can haul at most 5,440 pounds of crates, the total weight of the crates must be less than or equal to 5,440
pounds, or 25𝑥 + 62𝑦 ≤ 5,440.

Choice B is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 25-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of 62-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, of 5,630 pounds.

Choice C is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of 25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if only crates are being hauled.

Choice D is incorrect. This represents the possible combinations of the number of 62-pound crates, 𝑥, and the number
of -pound crates, , the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, weight of

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 of 25-pound crates, 𝑦, the truck can haul during one trip if it can haul a minimum, not a maximum, weight of 5,630
pounds and only crates are being hauled.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 57e4b0b9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: 57e4b0b9

A model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel to miles in the ocean each day
during their migration. Based on this model, which inequality represents the estimated total number of
miles, , a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel in days of its migration?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 57e4b0b9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel 72 to 77 miles in
the ocean each day during their migration. If one of these whales travels 72 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale
travels 72(16) miles total. If one of these whales travels 77 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale travels 77(16)
miles total. Therefore, the model estimates that in 16 days of its migration, a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could
travel at least 72(16) and at most 77(16) miles total. Thus, the inequality (72)(16) ≤ 𝑥 ≤ (77)(16) represents the
estimated total number of miles, 𝑥, a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel in 16 days of its migration.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 183fe2a0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: 183fe2a0

For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to
the given inequality?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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 ID: 183fe2a0 Answer
Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. In each choice, the values of 𝑥 are 2, 4, and 6. Substituting the first value of 𝑥, 2, for 𝑥 in the given
inequality yields 𝑦 > 4(2) + 8, or 𝑦 > 16. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 must be greater than 16. Of
the given choices, only choice A is a table where the value of 𝑦 corresponding to 𝑥 = 2 is greater than 16. To confirm
that the other values of 𝑥 in this table and their corresponding values of 𝑦 are also solutions to the given inequality, the
values of 𝑥 and 𝑦 in the table can be substituted for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in the given inequality. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 and 30 for 𝑦 in
the given inequality yields 30 > 4(4) + 8, or 30 > 24, which is true. Substituting 6 for 𝑥 and 41 for 𝑦 in the given inequality
yields 41 > 4(6) + 8, or 41 > 32, which is true. It follows that for choice A, all the values of 𝑥 and their corresponding
values of 𝑦 are solutions to the given inequality.

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 8 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 8 > 4(2) + 8, or 8 > 16, which is false.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 13 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 13 > 4(2) + 8, or 13 > 16, which is
false.

Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 13 for 𝑦 in the given inequality yields 13 > 4(2) + 8, or 13 > 16, which is
false.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 5f970630
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: 5f970630

The shaded region shown represents the solutions to which inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5f970630 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑚 is the slope and (0, 𝑏) is the y-intercept of the line. For the graph shown, the
Choice D is correct. The equation for the line representing the boundary of the shaded region can be written in slope-

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 boundary line passes through the points (0, − 1) and (1, − 4). Given two points on a line, (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), the slope
𝑦 − 𝑦1
of the line can be calculated using the equation 𝑚 = 2 . Substituting the points (0, − 1) and (1, − 4) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
−4 − (−1) −3
and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) in this equation yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = − 3. Since the point (0, − 1)
1−0 1
represents the y-intercept, it follows that 𝑏 = − 1. Substituting −3 for 𝑚 and −1 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥 yields
𝑦 = − 1 − 3𝑥 as the equation of the boundary line. Since the shaded region represents all the points above this
boundary line, it follows that the shaded region shown represents the solutions to the inequality 𝑦 > − 1 − 3𝑥.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, a boundary line with a slope of 3, not −3.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, the boundary line shown.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a slope of 3, not −3.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID 14e393be
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Medium

in one or two
variables

ID: 14e393be

The length of a rectangle is inches and the width is inches. The perimeter is at most inches.
Which inequality represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 14e393be Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The perimeter of a rectangle is equal to the sum of 2 times its length and 2 times its width. It's
given that the rectangle's length is 50 inches and the width is 𝑥 inches. Therefore, the perimeter, in inches, is 2(50) + 2𝑥,
or 100 + 2𝑥, which is equivalent to 2𝑥 + 100. It's given that the perimeter is at most 210 inches; therefore, 2𝑥 + 100 ≤ 210
represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation where the perimeter is at least, rather than at most, 210
inches.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation where 2 times the length, rather than the length, is 50
inches.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation where 2 times the length, rather than the length, is 50
inches, and the perimeter is at least, rather than at most, 210 inches.

Question Difficulty: Medium

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 Question ID c729c1d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities Hard

in one or two
variables

ID: c729c1d7

A number is at most less than times the value of . If the value of is , what is the greatest
possible value of ?

ID: c729c1d7 Answer

Correct Answer: -14

Rationale

The correct answer is −14. It's given that a number 𝑥 is at most 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less
than or equal to 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression 3𝑦 represents 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression
3𝑦 − 2 represents 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less than or equal to 3𝑦 − 2. This can be shown by
the inequality 𝑥 ≤ 3𝑦 − 2. Substituting −4 for 𝑦 in this inequality yields 𝑥 ≤ 3(−4) − 2 or, 𝑥 ≤ − 14. Therefore, if the value
of 𝑦 is −4, the greatest possible value of 𝑥 is −14.

Question Difficulty: Hard

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