DBMS Lab Manual

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 1

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 2
Creation of table Departments
CREATE TABLE Departments
(
dept_id Numeric,
dept_name VARCHAR2(30),
manager_id Numeric,
PRIMARY KEY (dept_id) ENABLE
);
OUTPUT:

desc Departments;
OUTPUT:

Creation of table Employee.

CREATE TABLE Employee
(
emp_id Numeric,
first_name VARCHAR2(30),
last_name VARCHAR2(30),
job_id VARCHAR2(30),
doj DATE,
salary Numeric,
dept_id Numeric,
manager_id Numeric,
PRIMARY KEY (emp_id) ENABLE,
FOREIGN KEY (dept_id)
REFERENCES Departments (dept_id) ENABLE
);
OUTPUT:

desc EMPLOYEE;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 3

Creation of table Customer
CREATE TABLE Customer
(
cust_id Numeric,
first_name VARCHAR2(30),
last_name VARCHAR2(30),
address VARCHAR2(60),
city VARCHAR2(30),
phone Numeric,
email VARCHAR2(30),
PRIMARY KEY (cust_id) ENABLE
);
OUTPUT:

desc Customer;
OUTPUT:

Creation of table Salary

CREATE TABLE salgrade
(
grade VARCHAR2(30),
highsal Numeric,
lowsal Numeric
);
OUTPUT:

desc Salary;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 4

Inserting records (rows) into table Departments
INSERT INTO Departments VALUES(1,'PRODUCTION',1);
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Departments VALUES(2,'SALES',2);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Departments VALUES(3,'FINANCE',3);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Departments VALUES(4,'TESTING',4);

OUTPUT:

Select * from Departments;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 5

Inserting records (rows) into table Employee
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(1,'MITHIL','SHANKAR','J1','1-JAN-2010',23000,1,1);
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(2,'MANGAL','PANDEY','J2','1-FEB-2011',25000,2,2);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(3,’KEERTHI’,'PRASAD','J3','1-FEB-2011',20000,3,3);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(4,'MITHIL','SHANKAR','J3','1-JAN-2010',28000,1,3);

OUTPUT:

Select * from Employee;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 6

Inserting records (rows) into table Customer
INSERT INTO Customer VALUES(1,'Veena','Vakeel','SS Layout,B Block
#45/23','Davanagere',9934573422,'[email protected]');
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Customer VALUES(2,'Vijaya','Krishna','JCR Extn,A Block

#45/23','Chitradurga',9934393422,'[email protected]');
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Customer VALUES(3,'Pavan','Malappa','VP Extx,7 Cross West

#45','Chitradurga',9934573637,'[email protected]');
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO Customer VALUES(4,'Santhosh','Doddmane','KB Extn,B Block

#123','Davanagere',9982573422,'[email protected]');
OUTPUT:

Select * from Customer;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 7

Inserting records (rows) into table salgrade
INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES('Grade-A',50000,40000);
OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES('Grade-B',39000,30000);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES('Grade-C',29000,20000);

OUTPUT:

INSERT INTO salgrade VALUES('Grade-D',19000,10000);

OUTPUT:

Select * from salgrade;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 8

1. Working with Table and data using another table.
1. select table_name from user_tables;
OUTPUT:

2. desc EMPLOYEE;
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME FROM EMPLOYEE;

OUTPUT:

Select * from Employee;

OUTPUT:

4. SELECT COUNT(*) AS "RECORD COUNT" FROM EMPLOYEES;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 9

 5. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CITY = 'Davanagere';
OUTPUT:

2. Modifying table structure and updating data.

1.ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD ( DOB DATE NULL, Phone number);
OUTPUT:

Desc Employee;

Select* from Employee;

2. ALTER TABLE SALGRADE RENAME COLUMN LOWSAL TO LOWESTSALARY;

OUTPUT:

Desc salgrade;

3. UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET DOB = '23-OCT-1986', PHONE = 2784825878;

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 10

OUTPUT:

Select *from employee;

4. UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET DOB = '23-JAN-1990', PHONE = 9845831613 WHERE EMP_ID = 1;

OUTPUT:

Select *from employee;

3. Queries adding deleting and verifying Keys

1. ALTER TABLE SALGRADE ADD CONSTRAINT SALGRADE_PK PRIMARY KEY(GRADE);
OUTPUT:

Desc salgrade;

2. ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD (GRADE VARCHAR2(30) NULL);

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 11

Desc employee;

3. ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD CONSTRAINT EMPSALGRADE_FK

FOREIGN KEY(GRADE) REFERENCES SALGRADE(GRADE);
OUTPUT:

Select * from employee;

4. ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE DROP CONSTRAINT EMPSALGRADE_FK;

ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE DROP COLUMN GRADE;

Desc employee;

Select * from employee;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 12

5. ALTER TABLE SALGRADE DROP CONSTRAINT SALGRAGE_PK;
OUTPUT:

Desc salgrade;

4. Using Where Clause(Comparison, between and set comparision).

1. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JOB_ID = 'J3' AND MANAGER_ID=3;
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY BETWEEN 23000 AND 28000;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 13

3. SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE E,DEPARTMENTS D
WHERE E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID AND E.SALARY >22000;
OUTPUT:

4. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY NOT BETWEEN 23000 AND 28000;
OUTPUT:

5. Using Where Clause(Matching Characters and NULL values).

1. SELECT FIRST_NAME,PHONE FROM CUSTOMER WHERE PHONE LIKE '%22';
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 14

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAMES,EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER WHERE EMAIL LIKE '%gmail%';
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER WHERE LAST_NAME IS NULL;

OUTPUT:

4. SELECT FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER WHERE LAST_NAME IS NOT NULL;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 15

6. Using Where Clause (Using Logical operators to join more than one conditions).
1. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME,CITY,ADDRESS FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CITY =
'Davanagere' AND ADDRESS LIKE '%B Block%';
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY > 23000

AND SALARY < 28000
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JOB_ID = 'J1' OR

SALARY > 23000
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 16

4. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME,EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER WHERE FIRST_NAME IS
NOT NULL AND EMAIL IS NULL;
OUTPUT:

7. Formatting the output Result by putting Column aliases, using expressions and ordering the Data.
1. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME,DOJ AS JOINDATE FROM EMPLOYEE;
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - EXTRACT(YEAR FROM doj) AS

EXPERIENCE FROM EMPLOYEE;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 17

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME AS NAME_ASC FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY FIRST_NAME ASC;
OUTPUT:

4. SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS ORDER BY DEPT_NAME DESC;

OUTPUT:

8. Using SubQueries in where Clause. (Set Membership, Set comparison, Test for Empty Relations)
1. SELECT FIRST_NAME,CITY FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CITY IN (SELECT CITY FROM
CUSTOMER WHERE CITY LIKE 'Da%');
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 18

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME,CITY FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CITY NOT IN (SELECT CITY
FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CITY LIKE 'Da%');
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT SUM(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY > (SELECT MIN(SALARY)

FROM EMPLOYEE);
OUTPUT:

4. SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE EXISTS(SELECT SALARY FROM

EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY > (SELECT MIN(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE));
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 19

9. Sub Queries in From Clause.
1. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM (SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY > 25000);
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT EMAIL FROM (SELECT EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER WHERE EMAIL LIKE 'v%');
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME,DEPT_NAME FROM (SELECT FIRST_NAME,DEPT_NAME FROM

EMPLOYEE,DEPARTMENTS WHERE EMPLOYEE.DEPT_ID = DEPARTMENTS.DEPT_ID);
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 20

4. SELECT CUST_ID,FIRST_NAME,CITY FROM (SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER WHERE
CITY LIKE '___%' AND CITY IS NOT NULL)
OUTPUT:

10. Aggregate Functions

1. SELECT DEPT_NAME, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE
DEPARTMENTS.DEPT_ID=EMPLOYEE.DEPT_ID) AS TOTAL_EMPLOYEES FROM
DEPARTMENTS;
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME,SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY > (SELECT

MIN(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE);
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 21

3. SELECT COUNT(FIRST_NAME) AS NO_EMPLOYEES,CITY FROM CUSTOMER GROUP
BY CITY HAVING CITY IS NOT NULL;
OUTPUT:

4. SELECT MAX(SALARY),MIN(SALARY),AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE;

OUTPUT:

11. Joining Tables using SQL Joins (Inner Join, Outer Joins).
1. SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME,E.SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE E INNER JOIN
DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 22

2. SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME,E.SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE E LEFT JOIN
DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID;
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME,E.SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE E RIGHT JOIN

DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID;
OUTPUT:

4. SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME,E.SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE E FULL JOIN

DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 23

12. Set Operators.
1. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE
UNION
SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER
OUTPUT:

2. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE

UNION
SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER
OUTPUT:

3. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE

INTERSECT
SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM CUSTOMER;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 24

4. SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEE MINUS SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM
CUSTOMER;
OUTPUT:

13. Creating and working with views.

1. CREATE VIEW VEMP_DEPT AS SELECT E.FIRST_NAME,D.DEPT_NAME,E.SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEE E INNER JOIN DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPT_ID = D.DEPT_ID;
OUTPUT:

2. DESC VEMP_DEPT;
OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 25

3. SELECT * FROM VEMP_DEPT WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE 'M%' AND SALARY > 23000;
OUTPUT:

4. DROP VIEW VEMP_DEPT;

OUTPUT:

Srikanth T N, Professor, SRS First Grade College, Chitradurga 26