Equations of lines

1 Determine whether the following graphs are linear:

a b
y y
99
44
88
33
77
22 66
11 55
x 44
−
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 33
−
−11 22
−
−22 11
x
−
−33 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
−
−11
−
−44
−
−22

c d
y y
55 44

33
44
22
33
11
x
22
−
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55 66
11 −
−11

x −
−22
−
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 −
−33
−
−11
−
−44

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2 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the 66

y
points shown on the line. 55
44
x −1 0 1 2 33
22
y 11 x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11
b State the values of the gradient m, and −
−22
the y -intercept, c. −
−33
c Given that the linear relationship is in −
−44
−
−55
the form y = mx + c, write the equation
−
−66
of the graph.
d Hence find the coordinates for the point
on the line when x = 21.

3 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the 88

y
points shown on the line. 77
66
x −1 0 1 2 55
44
y
33
22
b State the values of the gradient m, and 11
x
the y -intercept, c.
−
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
−
−11
c Hence write the linear equation for the
−
−22
graph.
−
−33
d Find the coordinates for the point on the
line where x = 27.

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4 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the y

11
points shown on the line: x
−
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
x −2 −1 0 1 −
−11
−
−22
y
−
−33
−
−44
b State the values of the gradient m, and −
−55
the y -intercept, c.
−
−66
c Hence write the equation for the graph. −
−77

d Find the value of y when x = 40. −

−88

5 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the y

33
points shown on the line:
22
11
x −1 0 1 2 x
−
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
y −
−11
−
−22
−
−33
b State the values of the gradient m, and
−
−44
the y -intercept, c.
−
−55
c Hence write the equation for the graph. −
−66
d Find the value of y when x = 19. −
−77

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6 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the y

33
points shown on the line:
22

x −5 0 5 10 11
x
y −
−55−
−44−
−33−
−22−
−11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10
10
−−11

b When x increases by 5, by how much −

−22

does y increase? −
−33

c Hence when x increases by 1, by how −

−44
much does y increase? −
−55

d State the values of the gradient m, and

the y -intercept, c.
e Hence write the equation for the graph.
f Find the coordinates for the point on the
line where x = 35.

7 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the y

66
points shown on the line:
55

x −5 0 5 10 44

y 33

22

b State the values of the gradient m, and 11

x
the y -intercept, c.
−
−55−
−44−
−33−
−22−
−11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10
10
c Hence write the equation for the graph. −−11

d Find the coordinates for the point on the −

−22

line where x = −45.

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8 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the y

33
points shown on the line:
22

x −5 0 5 10 11
x
y −
−55−
−44−
−33−
−22−
−11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10
10
−−11
−
−22
b State the values of the gradient m, and −
−33
the y -intercept, c.
−
−44
c Hence write the equation for the graph. −
−55

d Find the coordinates for the point on the −

−66
line where x = 45.

9 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the line y

55
shown in the graph:
44
33
x 0 1
22
y 11
x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11
b As x increases by 1, by how much does
−
−22
y increase?
−
−33
c State the values of the gradient m, and −
−44
the y -intercept, c. −
−55
d Hence write the equation of the line.
e Find the y -value of the point on the line
where x = 22.

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10 Consider the following graph:

a Complete the table of values for the line 66

y
shown in the graph: 55
44
x 0 1 33
22
y 11 x
−
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11
b As x increases by 1, by how much does −
−22
y decrease? −
−33
c State the values of the gradient m, and −
−44
−
−55
the y -intercept, c.
−
−66
d Hence write the equation of the line.
e Find the y -value of the point on the line
where x = 27.

11 Consider the following graph:

a As x increases by 1, by how much does y

22
y increase?
11
b State the values of the gradient m, and x
the y -intercept, c. −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33
−
−11
c Hence write the equation of the line. −
−22
d Find the coordinates for the point on the −
−33
line where x = 50. −
−44

−
−55
−
−66
−
−77

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12 Consider the following graph:

a As x increases by 2, by how much does y

44
y decrease?
33
b Hence as x increases by 1, by how much
does y decrease? 22

11
c State the values of the gradient m, and x
the y -intercept, c. −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
d Hence write the equation of the line. −
−11

−
−22
e Find the coordinates for the point on the
line where x = −14. −
−33

−
−44

13 For each of the following graphs:

i State the coordinates of the y -intercept.

ii Find the gradient of the line.
iii Write the linear equation expressing the relationship between x and y .

a b
y y
55 55
44 44
33 33
22 22
11 11
x x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55 −
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11 −
−11
−
−22 −
−22
−
−33 −
−33
−
−44 −
−44
−
−55 −
−55

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 c y d y
55 55
44 44
33 33
22 22
11 11
x x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55 −
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11 −
−11
−
−22 −
−22
−
−33 −
−33
−
−44 −
−44
−
−55 −
−55

14 Find the equation expressing the relationship between x and y , for each of the following
graphs:

a b
y y
55 55
44 44
33 33
22 22
11 11
x x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55 −
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11 −
−11
−
−22 −
−22
−
−33 −
−33
−
−44 −
−44
−
−55 −
−55

c d
y y
55 55
44 44
33 33
22 22
11 11
x x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55 −
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11 −
−11
−
−22 −
−22
−
−33 −
−33
−
−44 −
−44
−
−55 −
−55

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15 Consider the following graph: y
55

a Find the linear equation expressing the 44

relationship between x and y . 33

22
b Hence find the coordinates for the point
11
on the line where x = 22. x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11
−
−22
−
−33
−
−44
−
−55

16 Consider the following graph:

a Find the linear equation expressing the y

44
relationship between x and y .
33
b Find the coordinates for the point on the
line where x = 25. 22

11
x
−
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44 55
−
−11
−
−22

−
−33

−
−44

17 Find the equation of the line, given the following information:

a The line has y -intercept of 4, and gradient of −3.

b The line has y -intercept of −2, and gradient of 9.
c The line contains the point (0, 7) and has gradient of −1.
d The line contains the origin and has gradient of 3 .
4
​

e The line contains the origin and the point (1, 3).
f The line contains the origin and the point (1, −5).
g The line contains the points (0, −5) and (1, 1).
h The line contains the points (0, 2) and (2, 6).

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