Republic of Iraq

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University/Technical College

Lecture 4 in
ADVANCED MATHEMATICS

(Double integration)

For 2nd class students

Department of Cooling and Air Conditioning Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-
Sadiq University

Prepared by
MSc. Monther A. Dookhi

2024_2025
Double integration MSc. Monther A. Dookhi

Chapter 4: Double integration

Consider region R bounded by four curves F1, F2, F3 and F4. Area of region
R can be found using double integration as follows:-

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∬ 𝑑𝐴
𝑅

Where: dA is area of rectangle formed by

intersection of horizontal and vertical slice.
The above integration can be implemented
by two ways; horizontal or vertical slice.
𝑦1 𝐹3,𝐹4

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 … … … … … . . . 𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑒

𝑦0 𝐹1,𝐹2
𝑥𝘣 𝐹2,𝐹3

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 … … … … … . . . 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑒

𝑥𝑎 𝐹1,𝐹4

Volume under the curve 𝑍 = 𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦) within region R can be found

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = ∬dv = ∬ 𝑍 𝑑𝐴
𝑅 𝑅
𝑦1 𝐹3,𝐹4

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = ∫ ∫ 𝑍 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 … … . . . 𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑒

𝑦0 𝐹1,𝐹2
𝑥𝘣 𝐹2,𝐹3

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = ∫ ∫ 𝑍 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 … . . . . . 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑒

𝑥𝑎 𝐹1,𝐹4

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Double integration MSc. Monther A. Dookhi

Example 1) Find area of region bounded by 𝑦1 = 𝑥2 & 𝑦2 = 3𝑥.

Solution 18

Let 𝑦1 = 𝑦2 15

𝑥2 = 3𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥2 − 3𝑥 = 0 12

9
∴ 𝑥(𝑥 − 3) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 3
6
𝑥 = 0 ⇒𝑦 = 0 ,𝑥 = 3 ⇒ 𝑦 = 9
3
Vertical slice
0
0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥2 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 3𝑥 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-3
3 3𝑥
-6
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
-9
0 𝑥2
3 3
3𝑥 3 1 3

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ 𝑦] 𝑑𝑥 = ∫(3𝑥 − 𝑥2)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥3] = 4.5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑥2 2 3 0
0 0

Horizontal slice
𝑦
0≤𝑦≤9 & ≤ 𝑥 ≤ √𝑦
3
9 √y
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
0 𝑦
3
9 9
√𝑦 𝑦 3 3 1 9

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ 𝑥]𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ (√𝑦 − ) 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦2 − 𝑦2]

3 2 6 0
0 3 0

= 4.5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

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Double integration MSc. Monther A. Dookhi

1 1 2
Example 2) Find ∫0 ∫𝑥 𝑒𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
1.5
Solution
1.25
Order of integration must
1
be reversed.
0.75
𝑅∶ 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
𝑥≤𝑦≤1 0.5

0.25

0
-0.5 -0.25 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5
-0.25

-0.5
1 1 1 𝑦 1 1
𝑦
2 2 2 2
∫ ∫ 𝑒𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ ∫ 𝑒𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒𝑦 𝑥] 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑦 𝑒𝑦 𝑑𝑦
0
0 𝑥 0 0 0 0
1
𝑦2 1 𝑦2 1
1
∫𝑦𝑒 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 ] = (𝑒 − 1)
2 0 2
0
2 6−𝑦
Example 3) Reverse order of integration ∫0 ∫𝑦2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦.

Solution 8
𝑅∶ 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2
6
0≤𝑥≤6
4
If 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4 ⇒ 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ √𝑥
2
4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6 ⇒0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 6−𝑥 0
0 5 10 15
2 6−𝑦 4 √𝑥
-2
∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 +
-4
0 𝑦2 0 0
6 6−𝑦 -6
∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
4 0

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Double integration MSc. Monther A. Dookhi

Example 4) Evaluate
Solution 2.5
𝑅∶ 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2
2
0≤𝑥≤ 𝑦3 1.5

0.5

0
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
-0.5

-1
3
8 2 2 𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦dx 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑦3
∴∫ ∫ = ∫∫ = ∫ 𝑥] 𝑑𝑦
𝑦4 + 1 𝑦4 + 1 𝑦4 + 1 0
0 3√𝑥 0 0 0
2
𝑦3 1 2 1
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ln(𝑦4 + 1)] = ln(17)
𝑦4 + 1 4 0 4
0

Home work
Evaluate the following integrals
4 6−𝑥

1 − ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
0 √
𝑥
𝜋 𝜋
sin 𝑥
2−∫∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑥
0 𝑦
1 2−𝑦

3 − ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
0 𝑦
8 𝑒𝑥

4 − ∫ ∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
0 0