SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

SEQUENCE AND SERIES

W.E-1: Find the first negative term of the sequence
SYNOPSIS
1 1 3
Sequence: 20,19 ,18 ,17 ,......
4 2 4
A set of numbers is arranged in a definite order Sol: The given sequence is an A.P in which first term
according to some definite rule is called a sequence. a=20 and common difference d=-3/4.
e.g. 2, 4, 6, 8, ....., is a sequence Let the nth term of the given A.P. be the first negative
 A sequence is a function whose domain is a set of term. Then, an  0
natural numbers. If the range of a sequence is a  a  ( n  1) d  0  20  ( n  1)( 3 / 4)  0
subset of real numbers (or complex numbers), then
83 3n
it is called a real sequence (or complex sequence)    0  83  3n  0  3n  83
4 4
Series:
2
 n  27
The sum of the terms of a sequence is called a series. 3  n  28
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ,...... is a sequence, then the expression thus, 28th term of the given sequence is the first
negative term.
a1  a2  a3  ...... is a series
W.E-2: If 100 times the 100th term of an A.P with
 A series is called finite series, if it has finite number
non-zero common difference equals the 50
of terms. Otherwise it is called infinite series.
times of 50th term, then find 150th term of
e.g .i) 1+3+5+ ..........+21 is a finite series. this A.P. (AIEEE 2012)
ii) 2+4+6+8+....... is an infinite series.
Sol: 100 T100  50 T50 ; 100(a+99d)=50(a+49d)
 Sequences following specific patterns are called
2a+198d=a+49d ; a+149d=0
progressions.
T150  a  149d  0
Arithmetic progression (A.P):-
Sum to n terms of an A.P:
 A sequence is called an arithmetic progression, if
the difference between any two consecutive terms n n
Sn   a  l    2a   n  1 d 
is the same. 2 2
 A.P is of the form a, a  d , a  2d , a  3d ..... where a  first term, l  last term
where a is 1st term and d is common difference d  common difference
 If the sum of n terms of a sequence S n is given,
General term of an A.P:
then its n th term Tn can be determined by
 Let ‘a’ be the first term and ‘d’ be common
difference of an A.P, then its genaral term (or) Tn  S n  S n 1
n th term is Tn  a   n  1 d W.E-3: How many terms are to be added to make
the sum 52 in the series (-8)+(-6)+ (-4)+....?
 If ‘ l ’ be the last term and ‘d’ be common difference
n
Sol: S n  52   2  8    n  1 2   52
of an A.P, then m th term from the end 2
Tm' = l -(m-1)d  n  2n  18  104
 m th term from the end = (n-m+1) term from the
th
 n  n  9   52  n  13
beginning.
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W.E-4: Let a1 , a2 ,....., an be the terms of an A.P.. 1

W.E-5: If 1, log 3  3  2  , log 3  4.3  1 are in
1 x x

2
a1  a2  .....  a p
p2 a6
If a  a  .....  a = 2 , p  q then find a . A.P, then find x.
1 2 q q 12
1
Sol: 1, log 3  3  2  , log 3  4.3  1 are in A.P
1 x x
Sol: 2
 log 3  31 x  2   1  log 3  4.3x  1
p
 2a1   p  1 d   2a1   p  1 d  p
2 p2
 2    log 3  31 x  2   log 3 3  log 3  4.3x  1
q
 2a1   q  1 d  q 
 2 a   q  1 d 
 q
 log 3  31 x  2   log 3 3  4.3x  1
1
2
 p 1 
a1   d p   31 x  2   3  4.3x  1
 2  a
  For 6 , p  11, q  41  3.3 x  2  12.3x  3
 q 1  q a21
a1   d 3
 2    2  12t  3,  where t  3x 
a 11 t
 6 
a21 41  3  2t  12t 2  3t  12t 2  5t  3  0
  4t  3 3t  1  0
Properties of A.P:-
3 1 3
 a, b, c are in AP  2b  a  c  t  ,  3x   3x  0 
4 3 4
 In a finite A.P, the sum of the terms equidistant from
the begining and the end is always same and is equal 3
 x  log 3    1  log 3 4
to the sum of the first and last term 4
i.e., a2  an 1  a3  an  2  a4  an 3  a1  an Selection of terms in an A.P:
  a1  a2  a3  ......  an 
n   middle term , if n isodd

 n
   sumof twomiddle terms  , if n iseven
2
 If a1 , a2 , a3...........an are in A.P then
a) an , an 1 ,.....a3 , a2 , a1 are in A.P
b) a1   , a2   , a3   ; ....... an   are in A.P
(where   R )
W.E-6: If the sum of four numbers in A.P is 24
c)  a1 ,  a2 ,  a3 ; ....... an are in A.P and the sum of their squares is 164 then find
(where   R  {0} ) those numbers.
Sol: (a-3d)+(a-d)+(a+d)+(a+3d)=24
 p th term of an A.P. is ‘q’ and q th term is ‘p’, then
 4a  24  a  6
Tp  q  0
 a  3d    a  d    a  d    a  3d 
2 2 2 2
 164
 If m term of an A.P. is ‘n’ and n term is ‘m’
th th

 2  a 2  9d 2   2  a 2  d 2   164
then p th term is ‘m+n-p’
 If S p  q and S q  p for an A.P., then  a 2  5d 2  41  36  5d 2  41  d  1
required numbers are 3,5,7,9
S pq    p  q 
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Some Facts about A.P:- W.E-7: Find the nth term of the sequence
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ........an 5,15,29,47,69,95,...
Sol: The given sequence is not an A.P. but the successive
and b1 , b2 , b3 ........bn are two A.P’s then differences between the various terms
i.e. (15-5),(29-15),(47-29),(69-47),(95-69),....
a) a1  b1 , a2  b2 ,......... are in AP i.e. 10,14,18,22,26,..... are in A.P
a1 a2 a3 Let nth term of the given sequence be
b) a1b1 , a2b2 , a3b3 ......... and b , b , b .......... are
1 2 3 tn  an 2  bn  c  1 Putting n=1,2,3 in 1 ,
not in A.P we get t1  a  b  c  a  b  c  5   2 
c) If the terms of an A.P. are chosen at regular intervals,
then they form an A.P t2  4a  2b  c  4a  2b  c  15   3
 If a constant ‘k’ is added to each term of A.P., with t3  9a  3b  c  9a  3b  c  29   4 
common difference ‘d’, then the resulting sequence Solving (2),(3),(4), we get a=2,b=4,c=-1.
also will be in A.P., with common difference (d+k).
 the nth term of the given sequence is
 If every term is multiplied by a constant ‘k’, then
the resulting sequence will also be in A.P., with the t n  2 n 2  4n  1
first term ‘ka’ and common difference ‘kd’. W.E-8:The sum of the first n terms of two A.P’s
 If n th term of the sequence are in the ratio (2n+3):(3n-1). Find the ratio
of 5th terms of these A.P’s.
Tn  An  B (i.e) [Linear expression in n ]
S n 2n  3
then the sequence is A.P with first term is ‘A+B’ Sol: Given that S '  3n  1
n
and common difference A  coefficient of n 
tn 2  2n  1  3 4n  1
 If sum of n terms of a sequence is The ratio of nth terms t '  3 2n  1  1  6n  4
n  
S n  An 2  Bn  C (i.e.Quadratic exprssion in n )
t5 : t5'  21: 26
then the sequence is A.P with first term is 3A+B
and common difference is 2A. Also in this sequence W.E-9: The interior angles of a polygon are in
A.P. the smallest angle is 1200 and the common
nth term Tn = 2An + (A+B)
difference is 50 . Find the number of sides of
 If the ratio of the sums of n terms of two A.P.’s is the polygon .
given then the ratio of their nth terms may be Sol: Given a=1200, d= 50
obtained by replacing n with  2n  1 in the given Sum of the interior angles of a polygon of n sides
is  n  2 180
0

ratio.
 If the ratio of nth terms of two A.P.’s is given, then n
  2 120    n  1 5   n  2 180
the ratio of the sums of their n terms may be 2
n 1  n 5n  235   n  2  360
obtained by replacing n with in the given
2  5n  n  47    n  2 360
ratio
 Sum of the interior angles of a polygon of ‘n’ sides  n2  47n   n  2 72

is  n  2 180
0
 n2  25n  144  0   n  9  n  16  0
 n  9 or 16
 The nth common term of two Arithmetic Series is
(Since neglecting n=16, Since that case largest angle
( L.C.M of common difference of 1st series and is [120+(15)5]=195, which is not possible no
2nd series )( n-1)+ 1st common term of both series longer angle of a polygon is more than 180)
 n=9
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W.E-10: Find 12th common term of two Arithmetic W.E-12 : If n arithmetic means are inserted
Series 7+10+13+..... and 4+11+18+......... . between 2 and 38, then the sum of the resulting
series is obatined as 200, then find the value
Sol: The nth common term of between two series = ( of n.
L.C.M of common difference of 1st series and 2nd Sol: We have
series )( n-1) + 1st common term of both series.
n2
=(L.C.M of 3,7) (12-1)+25 =21(11)+25 =256  2  38   200  n  2  10  n  8
2
Arithmetic mean of the mth power : Let
W.E-11: Find the number of common terms to the
two sequences 17,21,25,...,417 and a1 , a2 ,...an be n positive real number (not all equal)
16,21,26,...,466. a1m  a2m  .....  anm
& let m be real number then
Sol: series 17,21,25,.,417 has common difference4 n
m
series 16,21,26,...,466 has common difference 5  a  a  .....  an 
 1 2  m  R   0,1
LCM of 4 and 5 is 20, the first common term is  n 
21. Hence, the series is 21,41,61,...,401; which m
 a  a  ...an 
has 20 terms.  1 2  m   0,1
 n 
Arithmetic mean (A.M):  a  a  ...  an 
m

The Arithmetic mean A of any two numbers a and  1 2  m  0,1

 n 
ab
b is given by 2
, where a, A, b are in AP n 1
W.E-13: Prove that 1  2  .....  n  n
2
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ......an are n numbers then Arithmetic
1
mean A of these numbers is given by 1  2  .....  n  1  2  3  ...  n  2
Sol:  
1 n  n 
A   a1  a2  .....  an 
n 1
  n  1  2 1
 The n numbers A1 , A2 , A3 ....... An are said to be n    n  1  2
 2  
Arithmetic means between a and b if  
 n   2 
a, A1 , A2 , A3 ......... An , b are in AP  
 
Here a  First term
n 1
b   n  2  th term =a+(n+1)d  1  2  .....  n  n
2
ba
then, d Geometric Progression (G.P):- A Sequence
n 1 is called a Geometric progression, if the ratio of
ba any two consecutive terms is the same
A1  a 
n 1  G.P is of the form a, ar , ar 2 , ar 3 ........ , Where
2 b  a  a is the first term and r is the common ratio
A2  a  , ..... Genaral term of G.P:- If ‘a’ be the first term
n 1
and ‘r’ be the common ratio, then general term (or)
n b  a  n 1
An  a  nth term of G..P is Tn  ar
n 1
 The nth term from the end of a finite G.P consisting
a  b of m terms = ar m  n
A1  A2  A3  .....  An  n 
 2 
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 SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
 The nth term from the end of a finite G.P with last W.E-16: Three Possitive numbers from an
n 1
increasing G.P. If the middle term in this G.P
 l  is doubled, the new number are in A.P Then
term l and common ratio r is l  
 r  find the common ratio of the G.P. [JEE-2014]
Sum to n terms of a G.P: Sol: Let a, ar , ar 2 be in G.P and r>1.
 a) sum of n terms Given a, 2ar , ar 2 are in A.P .
 1 r n   2  2ar   a  ar
2
 r 2  4r  1  0
Sn  a  ar  ar 2  ....  ar n1  a   , if r  1
 1 r 
4  16  4
 r 1  n r  2  3 r  1  r  2  3
 a 2
 , if r  1 = na., if r =1
 r 1  Selection of terms in G.P:
b) If l be the last term of the G.P., then l =ar n-1 ,
a  lr lr  a
Sn  , if r  1  , if r  1
1 r r 1

 If the number of terms are infinite, then the sum of

a
G..P. is S  a  ar  ar  ........ 
if r  1
2

1 r
W.E-14: If the third term of G.P is 4, then find the
product of first 5terms.
Sol: Given t3  ar 2  4 GP:
Product of first 5 terms =
 a  ar   ar 2  ar 3  ar 4   a5 r10   ar 2 
5
 45 =1024

W.E-15: If
10   2 11 10   3 11 10   ......  10 11  k 10 
9 1 8 2 7 9 9
, W.E-17: Three numbers are in G.P. Whose sum is
then find k. [JEE MAIN 2014] 70, if the extremes be each multiplied by 4 and
Sol: the mean by 5, they will be in A.P. then find
k 10   10  2 11 10   3 11 10   ....  10 11 the sum of numbers.
9 9 1 8 2 7 9

2 9 Sol: Let the numbers be a, ar , ar 2 and sum=70

 11   11   11 
 k  1 2    3    ....  10    1 
 a 1 r  r
2
  70  1
 10   10   10 
11k 11  11   11   11 
2 3 10 it is given that 4a, 5ar , 4ar 2 are in A.P
  2    3    ....  10     2 
10 10  10   10   10   2  5ar   4a  4ar  5r  2  2r 2
2

 5r  2  0   2r  1 r  2   0
2 9 10

1   2     1      ....     10  
11 k 11 11 11 2
 2r
10 10  10   10   10 
1
10  r  2, put r=2 in (1), then a=10
 11   1 2
  10 10 10
 10   11   11   11  1
  10    10    10  10  
11  10   10   10  put r  in (1), then a=40
1 2
10  The numbers are 10,20,40 or 40,20,10.
k  Sum of the numbers =70
  10  k  100
10
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Properties of G.P:- W.E-18: If the sides of a triangle are in G.P and
 a, b, c are in G..P  b 2  ac it’s larger angle is twice the smallest, then find
 In a finite G.P, the product of the terms equidistant the common ratio r satisfies the inequality.
from the begining and end is always same and is Sol: Let the sides of a triangle be a / r , a and ar , with
equal to the product of the first and last terms a>0 and r>1. let  be the smallest angle. So that
(i.e) a2 an 1  a3 an  2  a4 an 3 ........  a1.an the largest angle is 2  . then  is opossite to the
side a/r, and 2  is positive to the side ar. Applying
 a1 .a2 .a3 .......an =(middle term)n ,if n is odd
a/r ar
=(Product of two middle terms)n/2, if n is even sine rule, we get 
sin  sin 2
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ,......an are in G.P
sin 2
  r 2  r 2  2cos   2
a) an , an 1 , an  2 ,..........a1 are in G.P sin 
b)  a1 ,  a2 ,  a3 ,........,  an are in G.P  r2  2  r  2

   R  {0} 1  r  2

c) a1n , a2n , a3n ,...... ann are in G.P for n R Geometric mean (G.M):- The geometric mean
1 1 1 1 G of any two numbers ‘a’ and ‘b’ is given by ab
d) , , ........
a1 a2 a3 an are in G.P where a, G, b are in G.P
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ,.......an be n numbers then geometric
 If a1 , a2 , a3 .....an is a G.P of non zero, non negative
1
terms then log a1 , log a2 ,log a3 .......log an are in mean of these numbers is  a1.a2 .a3 .....an  n
A.P and vice versa  The n numbers G1 , G2 , G3 ,......Gn are said to be
Some facts about G.P :-
geometric means between ‘a’ and ‘b’. If
 If a1 , a2 , a3 ,.....an and b1 , b2 , b3 ,.....bn are two
a, G1 , G2 , G3 ,........, Gn , b are in G.P
G.P’s with common ratio r1 and r2 respetively, then
Here a  First term ; b   n  2  th term
a) a1  b1 , a2  b2 , a3  b3 .........an  bn are not in
1 1
G.P   b n 1  b  n1
then r    ; G1  a   ;
b) a1b1 , a2b2 , a3b3 ,.........anbn are in G..P with a a
common ratio r1r2 2 n
 b  n 1  b  n1
a1 a2 a3 a G2  a   ........ ; Gn  a  
c) , , ............. n are in G.P with common a a
b1 b2 b3 bn

 
n
ab =  GM of a, b 
n
r1 G1 G2 G3 .........Gn 
ratio r
2  If ‘a’ and ‘b’ are two numbers of opposite signs,
Increasing and decreasing G.P:- the G.M. between them does not exist.
 Let a, ar, ar2, ....... be G..P
W.E-19: Find the geometric mean between -9 and
a) If a  0; r  1 then it is an increasing G..P
16 .
b) If a  0; 0  r  1 then it is decreasing G..P Sol:
c) If a  0; r  1 then it is decreasing G.P
Required G..M =  9   16   3i  4 i    12
d) If a  0;0  r  1 then it is an increasing G..P

145
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
W.E-20:If we insert two numbers between 3 and
81 so that the resulting sequence is G.P then To Find nth term by Difference Method:
find the numbers.
If T1 , T2 ,...., Tn are terms of any series and their
Sol: Let the two numbers be a and b, then 3,a,b,81 are
in G.P. difference T2  T1  , T3  T2  , T4  T3  ,......,
n 1
 nth term Tn  AR ; 81  3R 4 1
Tn  Tn1  are either in A.P. or in G..P., then Tn and
81
 R   27  R 3  33  R  3
3

3
S n of series may be found by the method of

 a  AR  3  3  9, b  AR
2
 3  32  27 differences. Let S n  T1  T2  ....  Tn

Arithmetico - Geometric progression again S n  T1  T2  ....  Tn 1  Tn

(A.G.P): A sequence is called an arithmerico-
Sn  Sn  T1  T2  T1   T3  T2   ....  Tn  Tn 1   Tn
geometric progression, if each term is the product
of the corresponding terms of an A.P. and a G.P.,
Tn  T1  (T2  T1 )  (T3  T2 )  ....  Tn  Tn 1 
 If a, a+d, a+2d, a+3d,.......is an A.P and b, br,
br 2 ,.......is in G.P. then ab, (a+d)br, (a+2d) br 2 , Tn  T1  t1  t2  .......  tn 1
............ is an A .G .P
 The general form of an A.G..P is a, where t1 , t2 ,......., tn 1 are terms of the new series.
(a+d)r,(a+2d) r 2 , ...........
Genaral term of A.G.P: W.E-22: Find the sum of upto n terms of series :
Genaral term of an A .G .P is 5+7+13+31+85+....
Tn   a   n  1 d  .r where a = first term, d =
n 1
Sol: The difference between the successive terms are
common difference and r = common ratio. 2,6,18,54,.....Clearly it is a G..P. Let Tn be
Sum to n term of an A .G .P : the nth term of the given series and S n be the sum
 a
  dr
1  r n1    a   n  1 d  r n  r  1 of its n terms, then
1  r 1  r  1 r 
2
Sn    S n  5  7  1 3  3 1  ..  T n  1 
n 
  2 a   n  1 d   when r  1  Sn  5  7  1 3  ...  T n  1  T n  2 
2 
 If the number of terms are infinite, then the sum of Subtracting (2) from (1)
a dr
S    when r  1 0  5   2  6  18  54  ...  Tn  Tn 1    Tn
A.G..P is 
1  r  1  r 2
W.E-21: Find the nth term of arithmetico- 3n 1  1
geometric series 1  3 x  5 x  7 x  ...... 2 3
 0  52
3 1
 
 Tn  Tn  5  3n 1  1  4  3n 1

Sol: The given arithmetico-geometric series is n n n n

1  3 x  5 x 2  7 x 3  ...... . The A.P. corresponding Sn   Tk    4  3k 1    4   3k 1
to this series is 1,3,5,7, .... and the G.P. k 1 k 1 k 1 k 1

corresponding to this series is1,   x  ,   x  ,   x  ,.....

2 3
 3n  1 
clearly, the nth term of the A.P.={1+(n-1)(2)}=2n-1
 4n  1  3  3 2 n 1
 ....  3   4 n  1 3  1 
 
and the nth term of G.P= 1  x   n 1
   1 n 1
.x n 1
 3n  1  1 n
 the nth term of the given series  4n      3  8n  1
 2  2
=  2n  1 1 .x n 1 =  1  2n  1 .x n1
n 1 n 1

146
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
W.E-23: Find the Sum to infinity of the series Harmonic Progression (H.P): A sequence
is in H.P, if the reciprocals of its terms form an A.P.
2 6 10 14
1   2  3  4  .... is [AIEEE 2009]  In general H.P is of the form
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1
2 6 10 14 , , ........
Sol: Let S  1      .... --(1) a a  d a  2d a   n 1 d
3 32 33 34 where a = first term, d=common difference in A.P.
1 1 2 6 10 Properties of H.P:
S   2  3  4  .... -------(2)
3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1
Subtracting (2) from (1)  a, b, c are in H .P   
b a c
 1 1 4 4 4  If a1 , a2 , a3 ,..........an are in H.P then
S 1    1   2  3  4  ....
 3 3 3 3 3 (a) an , an 1 ,..........a3 , a2 , a1 are in H.P
2 4 4 1 1 (b)  a1 ,  a2 ,  a3 ,..........  a3 are in H.P    R 
S    2 (1   2  ....)
3 3 3 3 3
a1 a2 a3 a
(c) , , ........ n are in H.P where   0
     
2 4 4 1  4 4 3 (d) If a, b are the first two terms of an H.P, then the
S  2   . 2
3 3 3  1  1  3 32 2  S=3 ab
 3 nth term= b   n  1 a  b 
(e) If m th term of H.P.is ‘n’ and nth term of H.P is ‘m’,
W.E-24: Find the sum of the infinite series
mn
4 9 16 then Tr 
1    .... . r
3 32 33
1
Sol: This is clearly not an AG.P Series, since 1,4,9,16.... W.E.25: The 5th and 11th terms of an H.P are
are not in A.P. However their successive differences 45
4-1=3,9-4=5,16-9=7, ... are in A.P. 1
and respectively, then find 16th term .
4 9 16 69
Let S  1   2  3  ... -(1) Sol: The 5th and 11th terms of the corresponding A.P.
3 3 3
are 45 and 69 respectively. Let a be the first term
1 1 4 9 and d be the common difference of the
S     ... -(2)
3 3 32 33 corresponding A.P then,5th term = a+4d=45.......(i)
Subtracting (2) from (1) and 11th term = a+10d=69......(ii)
solving equations (i) and (ii), we get a=29, d=4
2 3 5 7  the 16th term of the A.P =a+15d=29+15(4)=89
S  1   2  3  ....  
3 3 3 3 hence, the 16th term of the H.P=1/89
1 2 1 3 5 Harmonic Mean (H.M):- The harmonic mean
. S   2  3  ....  
3 3 3 3 3 H of any two numbers a and b is given by
2ab
4 2 2 H , where a, H , b are in H.P..
on Subtracting   .S   1   2  ...   ab
9 3 3
 If a1 , a2 , a3 .........an be n numbers then H.M of
2 1 1 
 1  1   2  ...    n
3 3 3  these numbers is H 
1 1 1 1
   ... 
  a1 a2 a3 an
2 1   9 9
 1    2  S   2    1 11 1 1 1
3  1 1 
 
 4 2  H  n  a  a  a  ........ a 
 3  1 2 3 n 

147
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

 The n numbers H1 , H 2 , H 3 ........H n are said to  The equation having a and b as its roots is
be harmonic means between a and b if x 2  2 Ax  G 2  0
a, H1 , H 2 , H 3 ...........H n , b are in HP..  If A, G , H are A.M, G.M, H.M between three
numbers a, b, c then the equation having a, b, c
Here a = first term ; b =  n  2  th term
If D is common difference of AP 3G 3
as its roots is x  3 Ax  x  G3  0
3 2

ab 1 1 a b H
then D   n  1 ab ;  
H1 a  n  1 ab ; an  bn
 is the A.M, G.M & H.M between
a n 1  b n 1
1 1 2 a  b 1 1 n  a  b
  ........ ;  
H 2 a  n  1 ab H n a  n  1 ab 1
a and b for n  1, , 0 respectively
2
1 1 1 1 n 1 1
   .........       If A and G be the A.M. and G..M between two
H1 H 2 H 3 Hn 2  a b  positive numbers, then the numbers are
 If x1 , x2 , x3 ,....xn are n-H.M’s between a and b, A  A2  G 2
ab  n  1  If the A.M. and G.M. between two numbers are in
then x1  b n  1  a  b ,
    the ratio m : n , then the numbers are in the ratio
m  m 2  n 2 : m  m2  n 2
ab  n  1 ab  n  1
x2  , .. xn 
b  n  1  2  a  b  b  n  1  n  a  b 
W.E-27: Let two numbers have arithmetic mean
9 and geometric mean 4. then find the numbers
W.E-26: Find two H.M’s between 1/2,4/17.
are the roots of the quadratic equation.
Sol: Let x1 and x2 be two H.M’s between1/2,4/17
Sol: The A.M. of the two numbers is A=9 and the G.M
1 4 of two numbers is G=4
 a , b , n2
2 17
The quadratic equation whose roots are the
 1  4  numbers having A.M and G.M. are A,G
3  
ab  2  1 3ab  2  17   4 respectively is x 2  2 Ax  G 2  0 .So, the required
x1   
b  2  1  1  a  b  a  2b  1   4  11
   2  quadratic equation is x 2  18 x  16  0
 2   17 
W.E-28: Find two numbers whose arithmetic
 1  4 
3
ab  2  1
  mean is 34 and geometric mean is 16.
x2  
3ab

 2  17   2
b  2  1  2  a  b  2a  b 1  4  7 ab
2     Sol: Let the two numbers be a and b then =34
 2   17  2
and ab =16
Relations between A.M, G.M, H.M:- Let
A, G , H be A.M, G.M and H.M between two  a+b=68 and ab=256
  a  b    a  b   4ab
2 2
numbers a and b then
ab 2ab
 A ; G  ab ; H    68   4  256   3600  a-b=60
2
2 ab
 AG  H on solving a+b=68 and a-b=60, we get a=64, and
 A, G , H are in GP (i.e) G 2  AH b=4. thus, the required numbers are 64 and 4.

148
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
W.E-29: The H.M. between two numbers is 16/ Summation of some series of natural numbers:
5, their A.M. is A and G.M. is G. If n

2A+G2=26 then find the numbers.   1  1  1  1  ............  1 n terms   n

k 1
2ab 16
Sol: Given H.M of a and b is  n
1
ab 5   k  1  2  3  ...  n  2 n  n  1
5ab k 1
 ab   1 n
8 1
  k 2  12  22  ...  n 2  n  n  1 2n  1
6
 ab k 1
Given 2 A  G  26  2    ab  26
2
n 2
 2   n

k3 13  23  ...  n3   k   1 2  3 ...  n
2

5ab k1  k1 
  a  b   ab  26   ab  26  ab  16 2
8 1  1
  n  n  1   n 2  n  1
2

5 2  4
From (1), a  b  16   a  b  10   2 
8 n

  a  b    a  b   4ab  100  64  36
2 2
 1  3  5  .... n terms    2k  1  n 2
k 1

 a  b  6   3 Solving (2) and (3) n

 2  4  6  .... n terms    2k  n  n  1
 a=8, b=2 k 1

Weighted Means: Let a1 , a2 ,...an be n positive n

12  32  52  .....  n terms    2k  1
2

real numbers and m1 , m2 , m3 ...mn be n positive k 1

rational numbers. Then we have weighted n

Arithmetic mean A, Weighted geometric mean G 
3
 4n 2  1
and weighted harmonic mean H as
n
22  42  62  .....  n terms    2k 
2
m a  m2 a2  .....  mn an 
A 1 1 , k 1
m1  m2  m3  .....  mn
and 2
1
 n  n  1 2n  1

G  a a .....am1 m2
1 2
mn
n  m1  m2 ........ mn
3
n
m  m2  .....  mn 13  33  53  .....  n terms    2k  1
3
H 1 
m1 m2 m k 1
  .....  n Then we have
a1 a2 an  n 2  2n 2  1
A  G  H . Moreover equality hold at either  Sum of n terms of series
place  a1  a2  ...  an
 n  n  1
W.E-30: If 2p+3q+4r=15, then find the maximum  , if n is odd
2
value of p3q5 r 7 . 
12  22  32  42  52  ......  n  n  1
Sol: Since , if nis even
 2
2p

3

2p

3

2p

3
  3q

5
 ... 
3q

5
 5 times    4r

7
 ... 
4r

7
 7 times 
W.E-31: 13  23  33  43  ....  93 
15 Sol: 13  23  33  43  ....  93 
3
 2 p   3q   4r 
5 7
 13  23  ...  93   2  23  43  ...83 
 15        AM  GM 
 3   5   7 
 9  9  1 
2

 2   2  2 1  2  3  4 
3 3 3 3 3

2335 47 5577  
p q r 3 5 7 1 p q r  3 2 7
3 5 7 3 5 7

357 234  2025  1600  425

149
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

Note: If x  1 then C.U.Q

1. If a1 , a2 , a3 ,......, an 1 are in A.P., of non zeroo
1  x 
1
1.  1  x  x 2  x 3  ......
1 1 1
2. 1  x 
2
 1  2 x  3 x  4 x  ......
2 3 terms then a a  a a  ..... a a , is
1 2 2 3 n n 1

n 1 1 n 1 n
1  x 
3
3.  1  3 x  6 x 2  10 x 3  ...... 1) a a 2) a a 3) a a 4) a a
1 n 1 1 n 1 1 n 1 1 n 1

1  x 
1
4.  1  x  x 2  x 3  ...... 2. If a1 , a2 , a3 ,....., an is an A.P of non zeroo
terms such that
1  x 
2
5.  1  2 x  3 x 2  4 x3  ......
1 1 1 1
   ... 
1  x 
3
6.  1  3 x  6 x  10 x  ......
2 3 a1an a2 an 1 a3 an  2 an a1

General rule for finding the values of 1 1 1

     ...   then  
recurring decimal: Let X denote the figure  a1 a2 an 
which do not recur and assume they are l in number.
Let Y denote recurring period of consisting of m 2
figures. Let R denote the value of recurring decimal 1) 2 2) a1  an 3) 2  a1  an  4) a  a
1 n

then R  XYYY.... (or) R  X Y 3. If A1 , A2 , A3 ..... An are ‘n’ numbers inserted
between a,b to form A.P. then
10l R  X .YYY and 10l  m R  XY .YYY
A1  A2  A3 ...  An
XY  X
 Subtracting we get R  l  m ab n n n
10  10l 1) 2)  a  b  3)  a  b  4)  a  b 
2 2 4 3
  623  6 617 4. If the arthimetic mean between a and b is
E.g: 0.6 23  
990 990 a n 1  b n 1
, then n =
  243  2 241 1231 a n  bn
E.g: 1.2 43  1   1  1) 0 2)1 3) –1 4) 1/2
990 990 990
5. If the number of terms in a G.P. is odd,
Sum of the products of two terms of a then product of terms =
sequence :
1)  middle term 
no of terms

To obtain the sum a a

i j
i j , we use the identity 2)  middle term 
no of terms 1

2 a ia j   a1  a 2  ...  a n    a12  a 22  ...  a 2n  3)  middle term 

2 no of even terms  2

i j

4)  middle term 
no of terms 1

Cauchy-Schwartz’s In equality If a1 , a2 , a3 ,...an

6. If the number of terms in a G.P. is even,
and b1 , b2 ,...bn are 2n real numbers, then then product of terms =
 a1b1  a2b2  ...  anbn    a12  a22  ...  an2  1)  G.M . of middle terms 
2 no of terms

 A.M . of middle terms 

no of terms

 b12  b22  ...  bn2  with the equality holding if and 2)

3)  H .M . of middle terms 
no of terms
a1 a2 an
only if b  b ...  b
4)  G.M . of middle terms 
no of terms 1
1 2 n

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 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES

7. If G1 , G2 , G3 ....Gn are n numbers inserted 5. If the numbers a, b, c, d , e form an A.P.,

between a,b of G.P. then common ratio is then the value of a  4b  6c  4d  e is
1 1 n 1 n 1
1) 1 2) 2 3) 0 4) None
 a  n1  b  n1 b a n
1)   2)   3)  
b a a
4)  
b 6. If S n  nP   n  1 Q , where S n denotes
2
8. If G1 , G2 , G3 ....Gn are n numbers inserted the sum of the first n terms of an A.P.,
then the common difference is
between a,b to form a G.P. then
1) P  Q 2) 2 P  3Q 3) 2Q 4) Q
G1 G2 G3 ....Gn  7. In an A.P., if common difference is 2, sum
n to n terms is 49, 7th term is 13, then n=
 ab
   
n n 1
1) ab 2) ab 3)
4)   ab 1) 0 2) 5 3) 7 4) 13
 2  8. Consider an A.P. with first term a and
9. If the geometric mean between a and b is common difference d . Let S k denote the
n 1 n 1
a b S kx
then n = sum of the first k terms. If is
a  bnn
Sx
1) 0 2) 1/2 3) – 1/2 4) 1/4 independent of x , then
10. If the harmonic mean between a and b is 1) a  2d 2) a  d 3) 2a  d 4) 2a  3d
a n 1  b n 1 9. If a1, a2, a3,.... are in A.P. such that
, then n= a1 + a5 + a10 + a15 + a20 + a24 = 225,
a n  bn
then a1 + a2 + a3+...+a23 + a24 =
1) 0 2) –1 3) –1/2 4) 1
1) 909 2) 75 3) 750 4) 900
C.U.Q KEY 10. The degree of the expression
1) 4 2) 4 3) 2 4) 1 5) 1
6) 1 7) 2 8) 2 9) 3 10) 2 1  x  1  x 6 1  x11  ......... 1  x101  is
1) 1081 2) 1061 3) 1071 4) 1091
11. If the sum of three numbers which are in
LEVEL-I (C.W)
A.P is 27 and the product of first and last
is 77, then the numbers are
1. In an A.P., if first term is 4, 9th term is 1) 7, 9, 11 2) 6, 9, 12
20, then 15th term is 3) 7, 10, 11 4) 7, 11, 9
1) 16 2) 32 3) 18 4) 36 12. If the ratio of n terms of two A.P.’s is
th

2. The number of numbers that are divisible

by 9 between 1 and 1000 is  2n  8 :  5n  3 , then the ratio of the sums
1) 101 2) 110 3) 111 4) 100 of their n terms is
3 Let Tr be the r th term of an A.P. whose 1)  2n  18 :  5n  1 2)  5n  1 :  2n  18 
first term is a and common difference is d. 3)  2n  18 :  5n  1 4)  3n  18  :  4n  1
If for some positive integers m,n,
13. Between 1 and 31 are inserted m arithmetic
1 1 means, so that the ratio of the 7th and
m  n, Tm  and Tn  , then a-d=
n m
 m  1
th
means is 5:9. Then the value of m
1 1 1 is
1) 0 2)  3) 4) 1
m n mn 1) 12 2) 13 3) 14 4) 15
4. If p th , q th , r th terms of an A.P are a, b, c 14. If S1, S2, S3. are the sums of first n natural
numbers, their squares and their cubes
then a(q – r) + b(r – p) + c(p – q) = respectively, then S3(1+8S1)=
1) 0 2) 1 3) a + b + c 4) abc
1) S22 2) 9S2 3) 9S22 4) 3S22
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SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
15. If 6th term of a G.P. is –1/32 and 9th term LEVEL-I (C.W)-HINTS
is 1/256, then 11th term =
1) 1024 2) 1/1024 3) 1/256 4) 1/512 1. t15  a  14d
16. If (1–y)(1+2x+4x2+8x3+16x4+32x5)=1– y6, 2. Numbers div. by 9 are 9, 18, 27, ....999. It is
(y  1), then a value of y/x is an A.P. tn  999 , find n
1) 1/2 2) 2 3) 25/24 4) 24/25
17. If the sum of three numbers in a G.P. is 1 1
3. Tm = a  (m  1)d  , Tn = a  (n  1)d 
26 and the sum of products taken two at a n m
time is 156, then the numbers are 1 1 1
1) 2,6,18 2) 1,8,64 3) 1,5,25 4) 1,4,1 Tm  Tn   , find d  , using Tm ,
n m mn
1 find a
18. One of the 5 geometric means between
3 4.. a=A+(p-1)D, b=A+(q-1)d, c=A+(r-1)D find
and 243 is a-b, b-c, c-a
1) 79 2) 80 3) 81 4) 82 5.. Let D be the common difference of the A.P. Then,
19. If the fourth term of a H.P is 1/3 and 7th a  4b  6c  4d  e
term is 1/4, then 16th term is
 a  4  a  D   6  a  2D   4  a  3D    a  4D   0
1) 1/5 2) 1/6 3) 1/7 4) 1/8
20. If a, b, c are in H.P and ab + bc + ca = n
15, then ca = 6. We have S n  nP   n  1 Q
2
1) 5 2) 7 3) 9 4) 10
n
compaire with S n   2a   n  1 d 
1 1 1
21. If 2  2  2  ... upto  
2
, then value 2
1 2 3 6
7. d = 2 and T7  13 , find a, use in S n
1 1 1
of 2  2  2  ... up to  is kx
1 3 5
S kx 2
2a   kx  1 d 

2 2 2 2 8. We have S x x
1)
4
2)
6
3)
8
4)
12 2
2a   x  1 d 
2 3

Skx k 2a   kx 1 d  k  2a  d   k xd 

3 1 4 1 5 1
22. The sum of .  .   .   .....
1.2 2 2.3  2  3.4  2    
Sx 2a   x 1 d   2a  d   xd 
to n terms is equal to
1 1 S kx
1) 1   n  1 2n 2) 1  Clearly, S is independent of x , if d  2a
n.2n 1 x

1 1 9.  a1  a24    a5  a20    a10  a15   225

3) 1   n  1 .2n 4) 1 
n.2 n 1 3  a1  a 24   225   a1  a 24   75
n

23. If  r
r 1
2
 1 r !  200  201!, then n = n
 a1  a24 
and a1  a2  .......  a24 
2
1) 200 2) 201 3) 199 4) 202 10. Degree of the expression is 1+6+11+....+101
101=1+5(n-1)  n  21
LEVEL-I (C.W)-KEY
21
1) 2 2) 3 3) 1 4) 1 5) 3 6) 4  Degree  1  101  1071
7) 3 8) 3 9) 4 10) 3 11) 1 12) 3 2
13) 3 14) 3 15) 2 16) 2 17) 1 18) 3 11. 3a = 27 and a 2  d 2  77
19) 3 20) 1 21) 3 22) 1 23) 1

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 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES

n 1 LEVEL-I (H.W)
12. Required ratio (replace n with )
2
1. If the first term of an A.P is –1 and
 2  n  1   5  n  1 
  8 :   3 common difference is – 3, then 12th term
 2   2  is
1) 34 2) 32 3) –32 4) –34
1  7d 5
13. 31  1  (m  1) d &  2. If the sum to n terms of an A.P. is
1  (m  1)d 9
3n 2  5n while Tm=164, then value of m is
n  n  1 n  n  1 2n  1 1) 25 2) 26 3) 27 4) 28
14. S1  , S2 
3. Let Tr be the rth term of an AP for r=1, 2,
2 6
... If for some positive integers m and n
n 2  n  1
2
we have Tm = 1/n and Tn=1/m, the Tmn=
and S3 
4 1) – 1/mn 2) 1/m + 1/n
3) 1 4) 0
t9 4. The interior angles of a polygon are in A.P.
15. find t
6 If the smallest angle is 100 o and the
16. 1  y 6  (1  y)(1  y  y 2  y3  y 4  y5 ) common difference is 4o, then the number
of sides is
17. a  ar  ar 2  26 ; a.ar  a.ar 2  ar .ar 2  156 1) 5 2) 7 3) 36 4) 44
1 5 5. If a, b, c, d, e, f are in A.P., then e–c is
18. a  , ar  243 ;  r  3 equal to
3
1) 2(c – a) 2) 2 (d – c) 3) f – e 4) d – c
1 1 1 1 6. If the ratio between the sums of n terms
19.  and 
a  3d 3 a  6d 4 of two A.P.’s is 3n  8 : 7n  15 , then the
2ac ratio between their 12th terms is
20. b  1) 16 : 7 2) 7 :16 3) 74 : 169 4) 169 : 74
ac
7. If the sum of the first ten terms of an A.P
1 1 1 is four times the sum of its first five terms,
21. let    ....  x ;
12 32 52 then ratio of the first term to the common
difference is
1 1 1 1 2
   ....  1) 1 : 2 2) 2 : 1 3) 1 : 4 4) 4 : 1
12 22 32 42 6 8. If Sn denotes the sum of n terms of an A.P.,
2 then Sn + 3 – 3Sn + 2 + 3Sn + 1– Sn=
Sum of odd terms+sum of even terms = x 1) 0 2) 1 3) 3 4) 2
6
9. In an A.P of 99 terms , the sum of all the odd
 
2
1 1 1  11 1 numbered terms is 2550. Then the sum of all
  .... 
 2 2 2  2 2   ....   x
1 3 5  2 1 2
2
 6 99 terms is
1) 5039 2) 5029 3) 5019 4) 5049
1 2 2 10. If the first, second and the last terms of
x 
4 6 6 an A.P. are a, b, c respectively, then the
n n 1 n sum of the A.P. is
n2 1 1 1 1 1
t  . 
22. n   =
n  n  1  2   
n 2
 
n 1 2   a  b  a  c  2b   b  c  a  b  2c 
1) 2 b  a  2) 2 b  a 
23. tr   r 2  1 r !   r  1 r ! 2r r !
2

 a  c  b  c  2a   a  2c  b  c  2c 
  n  1 ! n  2  2   n.  n  1 ! 3) 2 b  a  4) 2 b  a 
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SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
11. Four numbers are in arithmetic progression. 20. If H1, H2,....., Hn are n harmonic means
The sum of first and last terms is 8 and between a and b(  a), then the value of
the product of both middle terms is 15. The
least number of the series is. H1  a H n  b
 
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 H1  a H n  b
12. If n arthmetic means are inserted between 1) n + 1 2) n – 1 3)2n 4)2n + 3
2 and 38, then the sum of the resulting
series is obtained as 200, then the value 1 1 1 4
21. If    ...  , then
of n is 14 24 34 90
1) 6 2) 8 3) 9 4) 10 1 1 1
13. If m  1 and n  N then    ... is equal to
14 34 54
m
1m  2m  ...  n m  n  1  2 4 2 4
1.   1) 2) 3) 4)
n  2  36 48 72 96
m 22. The rational number which is equal to the
1m  2m  ...  n m  n  1 
2.   number 2.357 with recurring decimal is
n  2 
2355 2370 2355 2359
1m  2m  ...  n m 1m  2m  ...  n m 1) 2) 3) 4)
3.  1 4. 1 1001 999 999 991
n n
14. Sum of the series LEVEL-I (H.W)- KEY
1 1 1
S  1  (1  2)  (1  2  3)  (1  2  3  4)  .... 1) 4 2) 3 3) 3 4) 1 5) 2 6) 2
upto
2 3 4 7) 1 8) 1 9) 4 10) 3 11) 4 12) 2
20 terms is 13) 1 14) 3 15) 2 16) 2 17) 4 18) 3
1) 110 2) 111 3) 115 4) 116 19) 2 20) 3 21) 4 22) 3
15. The first and second terms of a G.P are
LEVEL-I (H.W)-HINTS
x 4 and x n respectively. If x 52 is the
eighth term of the same progression, then 1. t12  a  12  1 d
n is equal to
1) 13 2) 4 3) 5 4) 3 2. Tm  S m  S m 1
16. How many terms of the series 1+3+9+ ... 1 1
sum to 364? 3. Tm = a  (m  1)d  , Tn = a  (n  1)d 
n m
1) 5 2) 6 3) 4 4) 3
17. If a, b and c are in G.P., then 1 1 1
Tm  Tn   , find d  , using Tm ,
n m mn
ba ba
  find a and Tmn
bc bc
1) b2 – c2 2) ac 3) ab 4)0 4. Sum of interior angles of a polygon of n sides
18. If x, y, z are the three geometric means n
between 6, 54, then z = = (n–2) 180 o   2(100)  (n  1)4
2
1) 9 3 2) 18 3) 18 3 4) 27 5. Let A be first term and D be c.d
19. H1,H2 are 2 H.M.’s between a, b then e=A+4D,c=A+2D  e-c=2D,check with option
H1  H 2 3n  8
6. Ratio of the sums of n terms 
H1.H 2 = 7 n  15
 Ratio of nth terms Replace n with (2n-1)
ab ab ab ab
1)
ab
2)
ab
3)
ab
4)
ab 3  2n  1  8 6n  5
= 7 2n  1  15  14n  8
 
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 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES

6  12  5 77 7 1 1 1 4
 Ratio of 12th terms    21.    ...  ,
14 12  8 176 16 14 24 34 90
7. S10  4 S5
 1  1  1  ...    1  1  1  ...   
4

 4 4   4 
8.  Sn3  Sn 2   2  Sn 2  Sn1    Sn 1  Sn   1 3 54   2 44 64  90

   
=d-2d+d=0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
4

   ...     ... 
50 24 1
 a1  a99   2550  a1  a99  102
4 4 4 4 4 4
1 3 5 2 3 90
9.
2
   1    4 4
1 1 1
99    ...   , simplfy
 a1  a99   5049
sum of all the terms =
4
1 3
4
5
4
16 90  90
2
22. let x=2.357357357....
10. Let there be n terms in the A.P. Then, 1000x = 2357.357357; subtract
b  c  2a
c  a   n  1 b  a   n  LEVEL-II (C.W)
ba
n  b  c  2a a  c 1. If ar  0, r  N and a1 , a2 , a3 ,......a2 n are A.P..
Sumof n terms   a  c 
2 2  b  a a1  a2 n a a a a
 2 2 n 1  3 2 n  2  ... 
an  an 1
then a1  a2 a2  a3 a3  a4 a n  an 1 =
11. Take A.P as (a – 3d), a – d, a+d, a + 3d
12. Total no. of terms in A.P is n + 2 n  a1  a2 n  n 1
n2 1) n – 1 2) 3) a1  an 1 4) n + 1
a1  an 1
given that    2  38   200
 2  2. If the sum of the first 2n terms of the A.P. 2, 5,
m m 8……….. is equal to the sum of the first n
1m  2m  ...  n m  1  2  3  ...  n   n  1 
13.     terms of the A.P. 57, 59, 61…… then n 
n  n   2  1) 10 2) 12 3) 11 4) 13
n(n  1)  n 1 3. Eleven A.M.’s are inserted between 28 and
14. S      10 then the number of integral A.M.’s
2.n  2 
1) 5 2) 4 3) 6 4) 3
15. The common ratio of the G.P.’s x n  4
4. If t n denotes n term of the series
th

 x52  Eighth term 2  3  6  11  18  ..... then t50

 x 52  x 4  x n  4   7n  28  n  4 1) 2  49 2 2) 2  482 3) 2  502 4) 2  512
7

5. The 10th common term between series

1(3n  1)
16.  364 find n 3  7  11  .... and 1  6  11  ... is
3 1 1) 191 2) 190 3) 192 4) 194
17. b 2  ac and simplifying the given 6. Let f(x) be a polynomial function of second
18. a = 6, ar 4  54  r  3 degree. If f(a) =f(–a) and a, b, c are in A.P.
then f (a), f (b), f (c) are in
1 1 1 n1 1
19.   ...      1) G.P. 2) H.P. 3) A.G.P. 4) A.P.
H1 H 2 Hn 2  a b  7. In a G.P. of positive terms, for a fixed n,
1 1 1 n1 1 the nth term is equal to sum of the next
20. Use   ...     , two terms. Then the common ratio of the
H1 H 2 Hn 2  a b  G.P. is [AIEEE 2007]
a b 1) 2 cos 18 o
2) sin 18o
find H and H 3) cos 18 o
4) 2 sin 18o
1 n

155
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
8. The first two terms of a geometric progression 15. One side of an equilateral triangle is 24 cm.
add up to 12. The sum of the third and the The midpoints of its sides are joined to form
fourth terms is 48. If the terms of the another triangle whose midpoints are in turn
geometric progression are alternately positive joined to form still another triangle this
and negative, then the first term is process continues indefinitely. The sum of the
[AIEEE - 2008] perimeters of all the triangles
1) 12 2) 4 3) -4 4) -12 A

9. If ai  R  0 , i  1, 2,3, 4 and x  R and

24cm 24cm
 3 2 2  3  4 2
24cm

 i a x  2 x   i i 1    ai  0 , then
a a
 i 1   i 1  i2 24cm 24cm

a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 are in
B 24cm C
1) A.P 2) G.P 3) H.P 4) A.G.P
1) 144 cm 2) 142 cm 3) 140 cm 4) 130 cm
10. If x  1, 2,3,.....,9 and f n  x   xxx...x (n 1 1 1 
log   ....upto 
16. Value of y  (0.36) 0.25  3 32 33 

is
digits) , then f n
2
 3  f n  2 
1) 0.9 2) 0.8 3) 0.6 4) 0.25
1) 2 f 2 n 1 2) f n2 1 17. If the roots of the cubic equation
3) f 2 n 1 4)  f 2 n  4  ax 3  bx 2  cx  d  0 are in G.P., then
1) c3 a  b3 d 2) ca 3  bd 3
2 8 26 80
11. The sum of the series     .... 3) a 3b  c 3 d 4) ab3  cd 3
3 9 27 81
to n terms is 18. The number a, b, c and d are in G.P. Then the
value of
1 n 1 n
1) n 
2
3 1  2) n 
2

3 1   a  c   b  c   b  d    a  d 
2 2 2 2
is
1 n 1 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
3) n 
2
3 1  4) n 
2

1  3 n  19. If a be one A.M and G1 and G2 be then
12. If x = 1 + a + a2 + ....  , where a  1 and geometric means between b and c then
G13  G23 
y = 1 + b + b + ...  where b  1 , then
2
1) abc 2) 2abc 3) 3abc 4) 4abc
1 + ab + a2 b2+...  = 20. If x, y, z are three real numbers of the same
xy x  y 1 sign then the value of x / y  y / z  z / x lies
1) 2)
x  y 1 yx in the interval
xy x  y 1 1)  2,   2) 3,   3)  3,   4)  ,3
3) 4)
x  y 1 xy 21. If a,b,c are the sides of a triangle then
13. Consider an infinite geometric series with a b c
the first term a and common ratio r. If its  
bca ca b a bc
sum is 4 and the second term is 3/4, then
1)  3 2)  3 3)  2 4)  2
1) a = 4/7, r = 3/7 2) a = 2, r = 3/8
3) a = 3/2, r = 1/2 4) a = 3, r = 1/4 22. The greatest value of x y where 3 x  4 y  5
2 3

14. The sum of an infinite number of terms of is

a G.P. is 20, and the sum of their squares
3 3 6 9
is 100, then the first term of the G.P. is 1) 2) 3) 4)
1) 5 2) 8/5 3) 3/5 4) 8 8 16 5 5
156
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
23. If a  b  c  6 then  
1 1
4a  1  4b  1  4c  1 = 31. If a  
r 1 r
4
, then 
r 1  2r  1
4

1) 9 2) 8 3) 7 4) 6
24. If a,b,c be the p , q and r th terms
th th
16 a 15 14
1) a 2) 3) a 4) a
respectively of an A.P. and G. P. both, then 15 2 16 15
the product of the roots of equation
n  n  1 n  2 
n
2008
a bb c c a x 2  abcx  a c b a c b  0 is equal to 32. If  Tr  3
then lim
n 

r 1 Tr

1) -1 2) 1
1) 2008 2) 8002 3) 2080 4) 2000
3) 2 4)  b  c  c  a  a  b 
33. The coefficient of x in
n  2

25. If p a  q b  r c  s d , and p, q, r, s are in G.P..

 x  1 x  2  x  3 ... x  n  is
then a,b,c,d are in
1) A.P 2) G.P 3) H.P. 4) A.G.P n  n 2  1  3n  2  n  n 2  1  3n  2 
26. If a1 , a2 , a3 ,.....an are in H.P then 1) 2)
24 24
a1 a2  a2 a3  a3a4  ....  an 1an  3) n  n 2  1  3n  2  4. n  n 2  1
1)  n  1 a1an 2)  n  1 a1an 34. The sum of 15 terms of the series
3)  n  2  a1an 4)  n  4  a1an 1  1  3  1  3  5   1  3  5  7   ... is
27. If a,b,c are non - zero real numbers such 10   then value of  
that 3  a 2  b 2  c 2  1
1) 124 2) 240 3) 220 4) 142

 2  a  b  c  ab  bc  ca  , then a,b,c are in

LEVEL-II (C.W) - KEY
1) A.P. only 2) G.P. only 1) 2 2) 3 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1 6) 4
3) A.P., G.P., and H.P 4) A.P. and G.P both 7) 4 8) 4 9) 2 10) 3 11) 4 12) 1
28 If a, b, c are in H.P., then the straight line 13) 4 14) 4 15) 1 16) 3 17) 1 18) 1
19) 2 20) 2 21) 2 22) 2 23) 1 24) 2
x y 1
   0 always passes through a 25) 3 26) 1 27) 3 28) 3 29) 3 30) 1
a b c 31) 3 32) 1 33) 2 34) 1
fixed point is
1) (–1,–2) 2) (–1,2) LEVEL-II (C.W) - HINTS
3) (1,–2) 4) (1,–1/2)
29. The harmonic mean of two numbers is 4. 1. a1  a2 n  a2  a2 n 1  an  an 1  K  say 
Their arithmetic mean is A and geometric
mean is G. If G satisfies 2A + G2 = 27,  a1  a2 an  an1 
then the numbers are = K  a  a  ......  a  a 
 1 2 n n 1 
1) 1, 13 2) 9, 12 3) 3, 6 4) 4, 8
30. If n is an odd integer greater than or equal to K a1  an 1
1 then the value of rationalising term 
d a1  an 1
n3   n  1   n  2   ....   1
3 3 n 1
.13 is
where d  a1  a2  .........  an  an 1
 n  1 .  2n  1  n  1 .  2n  1
2 2
2n n
1)
4
2)
4 2.
2
 4   2n  1 3  114   n  1 2 
2
 n  1 .  2n  1  n  1 .  2n  1 3. 28, A1 , A2 ,......... A11 ,10 are in A.P
2 2

3) 4)
4 8 10  T13  28  12d
157
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

3 1 1
d  Integral A.M.’s are 12. x  ,y
2 1 a 1 b
3 3 3 a 3
28  2   , 28  4   , 28  6   , 13. Given that  4 and ar  , solve
2 2 2 1 r 4
3 3 a a2
28  8   , 28  10   14. Given that  20,  100
2 2 1 r 1 r2
No.of integral A.M’s = 5
15. 3  24   3 12   3  6   ....
4.     
 2  0   2  12  2  22  2  32  .... 
 1 1 
 72 1   2  .....   144cm
 tn  2   n  1
2
 2 2 
5. In A.P’s d1  4 and d 2  5
1
common term is 11,31,51, 71,.... 1 1 1 3 1
  ......  3   
T10  LCM of  4,5  10  1  11  191 16. 3 32
1
1 3 2 2
3
6. f  x   px 2  qx  r
1
f (1)  f (1)  q  0 and y   0.36log14 2
 f ( x)  px 2  r  f '  x   2 px
A
7. Given that ar n  ar n 1  ar n 2  r 2  r 1  0 17. Let , A, AR be the roots of the equation
R
8. a  ar  12 ; ar 2  ar 3  48 ax 3  bx 2  cx  d  0
9. Given quadratic expression  0 , a  0 and
d
xR D  0  Product of the roots  
a
 3   3  4 
   ai ai 1     ai2   ai2   0 d d 
1/3

 i 1   i 1  i  2   A3  A  
a  a
  a1a2  a2 a3  a3a4 
2
Since A is a root of the given equation.
  a12  a22  a23  a22  a32  a42   0  aA3  bA2  cA  d  0
a2 a3 a4 2 1
    d   d 3  d 3
a1 a2 a3  a     b    c    d  0
 a  a  a
10. f n  x   x.1  x.102  x.103  ....x.10n 1 2 1

x  d 3  d 3 d2 d
=
9
10n  1  f n2  3  f n  2   b    c    b3 2  c3  b3d  c3a
a a a a

 a  c   b  c   b  d    a  d 
2 2 2 2 2
3 n  2 102 n  1 18.
  10  1   10  1 
n
 f 2 n 1
9  9 9  2ac  2bc  2bd  2ad  2b 2  2c 2 ,
1 1 1
11. 1   1   1   ....n terms a b c
3 9 27    
b c d 
 1   1 n  
 1      19. 2a  b  c and b, G1 , G2 , c are in G.P
.P
 3   3   
n   1
1
 1   c 3


3 

Then G1  br , G2  br 2 , c  br 3 and r   
b
158
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES

x y z a1  a2 a2  a3 a a
20. , , etc are positive A.M  G.M    .......  n1 n 
y z x a1a2 a2a3 an1an
21. If a,b,c are the sides of triangle then a1  a2  a2  a3  .....  an1  an
b  c  a  0, c  a  b  0, a  b  c  0 a1a2  a2a3  ......  an1an
x  b  c  a , y  c  a  b, z  a  b  c
by law of proportion
y  z  2a, z  x  2b, x  y  2c
27. 3  a 2  b 2  c 2  1  2  a  b  c 
y z z x x y
Now.   3
2x 2y 2z  2  ab  bc  ca   0

3x 4y 1  2  a 2  b 2  c 2  ab  bc  ca  
2. 3  2

3 5
2 3    3x   4 y    x 2 y 3  3
22.
5   2   3  
 
16 a 2
 b 2  c 2  2a  2b  2c  3  0

  a  b    b  c    c  a  
2 2 2
23. By the cauchy- Schwartz’s in equality
 
 
2
4a  1  4b  1  4c  1    a  1   b  1   c  1  0
2 2 2

3 4(a  b  c)  3  81 a  b  c 1
 a, b, c are in A.P and G.P both
24. a  x   p  1 d , b  x   q  1 d ,
2 1 1 y x 1
c  x   r  1 d 28.   ,   
b a c b a c
a  mn p 1 , b  mn q 1 , c  mn r 1 2ab ab
 Product of roots = 29.  4, A
ab 2
 mn   mn   mn 
 r  q d  p r d q  pd
p 1 q 1 r 1
ab  G
30. as n is odd the value of the given expression
 m 0 .n 0  1
13  23  33  .....  n3
25. Suppose p  q  r  s = a b c d

1 1 1 1 
 13  23  ....  n3  2 23  ..   n 1
3

K so that p K a;q  K ;r
b  K ;s  K
c d

1 1 1 1
common ratio = 31.      ....to 
 2r  1
4
r 1 14 34 54
11 11 1 1
q r s
 Kb a   Kc b   Kd c 1 1 1 1  a 15
p q r a  4  4  ...to  ; a   a
4  4
2 1 2 3  16 16
1 1 1 1 1 1
      , = a,b,c,d are in H.P.. n n 1
b a c b d c 32.  tn   tr    tr  n  n  1
r 1 r 1
1 1 1 1
26. a , a , a ....... a are in AP  n 1 1 
1 2 3 n
 2008     
1 1 1 1 1 1  r 1  r r  1  
     ....  d
a2 a1 a3 a2 an an 1 2008  1 
 lim   lim 2008 1    2008
n  tn n 
 n 1 

159
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

33. x n   11  ...  n  x n 1   1

2
 1.2 x n2 7. If a1 , a2 , a3 are three positive consecutive
terms of a GP with common ratio K. then all
+....+  1 n ! x 0
n
values of K for which the in equality
for coefficient x n  2 is calculated as a3  4a2  3a1 , is satisfies

 12  2 2  ...  n 2   1) 1,3 2)  ,1   3,  

1  2  ...  n 
2

2(sum of the product of numbers taken two at a 3)  ,   4)  0,  

times) 8. The series
n  n  1 2n  1 2 3
34 tn  n 2 ; sn   n 2  2x  2x   2x 

6     ...... to  will
x3  x3  x3
15  16  31 have a definite sum when
n  15 ; s15   1240  10
6 1) 1  x  3 2) 0  x  1
  124 3) x  0 4) x  3
9. If a,b,c,d,x are real and the roots of
LEVEL-II (H.W)
equation
1. Let the sequence a1 , a2 , a3 ,......an form an A.P a 2
 b 2  c 2  x 2  2  ab  bc  cd  x +
a12  a 22  a 32  a42  ....  a22n 1  a22n is equal to
b 2
 c 2  d 2   0 real and equal, then
n 1
1)
2n  1

a12  a22n  2)
2n  1

a12  a22n  a,b,c,d are in
1) A.P 2) G.P 3) H.P 4) None of these
10. (666.... ndigits)2 + (888.....n digits) =
n 1
3)
n 1

a12  a22n 4)
2n  1

a12  a22n   4 n 4 2n
1) (10  1) 2) (10  1)
2. The sum to 101 terms of an A.P. is 1212. The 9 9
middle term is 4 n 4
4) 10  1
2
1) 6 2) 12 3) 24 4) 26 3) (10  1) 2 n

9 9
3. If log 2, log  2 x  1 and log  2 x  3 are in 11. Let a = 111....1(55 digits),
AP, then the value of x is given by b  1  10  102  ....  104
5 c  1  105  1010  1015  ....  1050 , then
1) 2) log 2 5 3) log 3 5 4) log 5 3 1) a = b+c 2) a = bc 3) b =ac 4) c =ab
2
4. If in AP, a7  9 and if a1.a2 .a7 is least, then 1 2 1 2
12. The sum to infinity of     ... is
common difference is 7 7 2 73 7 4
1) 1/5 2) 7/24 3) 5/48 4) 3/16
11 13 32 33 13. If each term of an infinite G.P is twice the sum
1) 2) 3) 4)
30 10 33 20 of the terms following it , then the common
5. The number of common terms in two A.P’s ratio of G.P is
2,7,12,17........... 500 terms and 1,8,15,22,.
1 2 1 3
......... 300 terms is 1) 2) 3) 4)
1) 58 2) 60 3) 61 4) 63 2 3 3 2
14. Sum of infinite No.of terms in G.P is 20 and
 p  q  p  q
th th
6. In G.P. term is m, term sum of their squares is 100 , then the common
is n, then p th term is ratio of G.P.is
1 4 2 3
1) nm 2) nm 3) m/n 4) m/n 1) 2) 3) 4)
5 5 5 5
160
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
15. If ‘s’ is the sum to infinite terms of a G.P. whose 23. If none of b1 , b2 ,...bn is zero then
first term is 1, then the sum of n terms is
2
  1 n   a1 a2 an 
1  1 
n
   ....   is
1) s 1  1  s   2) s 1  1  s    b1 b2 bn 
       
n n
1)   a12  a22  ...  an2  b12  b22  ...  bn2 
 1  1
3) 1  1   4) 1  1   2)   a1  a2  ...  an  b1  b2  ...  bn 
2 2 2 2 2 2
 s  s
16. If r  1 and x  a  a / r  a / r 2  ......, 3)   a12  a22  ...  an2  b12  b22  ...  bn2 
y  b  b / r  b / r 2  ......, 4)   a12  a22  ...  an2  b12  b22  ...  bn2 
And z  c  c / r  c / r 2  ......, 24. I f a,b,c be the p th, qth and rth terms respectively
Then value of xy / z 2 is of a G.P., then the equation
a q b r c p x 2  pqrx  a r b p c q  0 has
1) ab / c 2 2) abr / c 3) ab / c 2 r 4) ab / c
1) both roots zero
17. If the A.M. and G.M. of two numbers are 13
2) at least one root zero
and 12 respectively then the two numbers are
3) no root zero 4) both roots unity
1) 8, 12 2) 8, 18 3) 10, 18 4) 12, 18 25. If –1 < a, b, c < 1 and a, b, c are in A.P.
18. If n!, 3(n!) and (n+1)! are in G.P., then n!,
  
5(n!) and (n+1)! are in
and x   a , y   b , z   c then x, y,,
n n n

1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) None n 0 n 0 n 0

19. If G1 and G2 are two geometric means and z are in
A is the arithmetic mean inserted between 1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G..P
two positive numbers then the value of 26. If a1 , a2 , a3 ,.....an are in H.P then
2 2
G G
1
 is
2
a1 a2 a3
G 2 G1 , , ,
a2  a3  ...an a1  a3  ...an a1  a2  ...an
1) A/2 2) A 3) 2A 4) 3A
an
20. If xi  0, i  1, 2,3,...50 and ......,
a2  a3  ...an 1
x1  x2  x3  ...  x50  50 and minimum
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G..P
1 1 1 1 27 If a, 8, b are in A.P; a, 4, b are in G.P; a,
value of x  x  x  ...  x is  then x, b are in H.P then x =
1 2 3 50
1) 2 2) 1 3) 4 4) 16
 28. Number of positive integral ordered pairs of
1) 50 2) 60 3) 40 4) 202.
 a, b  such that 6,a,b are in H.P is
21. If A1 , A2 , A3 ,.... belongs to A.P such that
1) 5 2) 6 3) 7 4) 8
A1  A4  A7  ...  A28  140 then maximum ac
29. If a, b, c are in H.P, then the value of is
value of A1 . A 2 .... A 2 8 is ac
a a b b a
3) 14  4)  28 
28 28
1) 2 28 2) 7 28 1) 2) 3) 4)
a b a a ab
22. Let a,b and c be the real numbers such that
30. If x  1, y  1, z  1 are in G.P then
a  b  c  6 then, the range of ab 2 c 3 is
1 1 1
1)  0,   2)  0,1 , , are in
1  log x 1  log y 1  log z
3)  0,108 4)  6,108 1) AP 2) GP 3) HP 4) AGP
161
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I


1 
1 6. ar p  q 1  m and a.r p  q 1  n , find mn
31. If a   r 2
, b  
r 1  2r  1
,
2 then
a
= a2 a3
r 1 b   K From the given in equality
7. a1 a2
5 4 3 4
1) 2) 3) 4) K 2 a1  4a1 K  3a1  0  K 2  4 K  3  0
4 3 4 5
LEVEL-II (H.W)-KEY 2x
8. Common ratio of given G.P 
x3
1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 4) 4 5) 2 6) 2
7) 2 8) 1 9) 2 10) 2 11) 2 12) 4 2x
For definite sum of infinite G.P., 1  1
13) 3 14) 4 15) 1 16) 1 17) 2 18) 1 x3
19) 3 20) 1 21) 3 22) 3 23) 2 24) 3 2x 2x
25) 3 26) 3 27) 1 28) 3 29) 1 30) 3 31) 2   1  0 and 1  0  1  x  3
x3 x3
LEVEL-II (H.W) - HINTS 9. Roots are real and equal
  a 2  b 2  c 2  b 2  c 2  d 2    ab  bc  cd   0
2
1. d  a1  a2  a3  ....  a2 n 

2. S101  1212  a  50d  12 , middle term= Tn 1  b 2  ac, c 2  bd , ac  bd

2
 a, b, c, d are in G.P
3. t is given that
log 2, log  2  1 , log  2  3 are in A.P..
x x 10.  6  610  ....  610   8  810  .....810
n1 2 n1



 2 log  2 x  1  log 2  log  2 x  3

2
2  8
  10 n  1    10 n  1 
 3  9
  2 x  1  2  2 x  3
2
11. a  1  10  102  ...  1054

  2x   4  2x   5  0 1055  1 1055  1 105  1

2
 .  bc
10  1 105  1 10  1
  2 x  5  2 x  1  0  2 x  5  x  log 2 5
1 1 1   2 2 2 
12.   3  5  ......    2  4  6  ...... 
4. a7  9  a1  6d  9 ; D  a1a2 a7 7 7 7  7 7 7 

 S  a / 1  r
9 
2
33 
  9  6d  9  5d  9  270  d    
 20  400  13. an  2  an1  an 2  an3  ........  ,  n  N

33 ar n 1  2  ar n  a.r n 1  a.r n  2  ..... ;

is least for d=
20
2ar n 1
5. 2,7,12,17,......500 terms ar n 1  r
1 r 3
T500  2   500  1 5  2497
a
1,8,15,22........300 terms 14. a  ar  ar 2  ......  20   20 .......(1)
1 r
T300  1   300  1 7  2094
a 2  a 2 r 2  a 2 r 4  .............  100
The common difference of common terms =
5x7=35 a2 ....(2)
  100
Common terms are 22,57,92,........... 1 r2
Let last term  2094
3
 22   n  1 35  2094 from 1 and 2 we get r 
5
 n  60.2
162
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
23. By using Cauchy-Schwartz’s Inequality
1  1
15. s   r  1   2
1 r  s  1 1 1
 a1.  a2 .  .....  an . 
  1 
n  b1 b2 bn 
11  1   

  s    1 n 
sum to n terms=  s  1  1     1 1 1 

1  1 
1

  s 
    a12  a22  ...  an2   2  2  ....  2 
 s
 b1 b2 bn 
ar br cr 24. Product of roots = a r  q b p  r c q  p  1  0
16. we have x  ,y , z
r 1 r 1 r 1 no root is equal to zero.
ab 1 1 1
17  13 25. x  ,y ,z 
2 1 a 1 b 1 c
ab  12 find a, b, c
given a, b, c are in A.P.
18. 9  n!   n! n  1 !  n  8
2

19. from synopsis 1 1 1

26. a , a , a ........ in AP
n 1 2 3

 b  n 1 n b  a 
Gn  a   ; An  a  a1 a2 a3 ....an a1 a2 a3 ....an a a a .....an
a n 1 , ,....... 1 2 3
a1 a2 an
x1  x2  ...  x50 1
are in AP
20.   x1 x2 ....xn  50 ..(1)
50 2 1 1
27. a  b  16 and ab  16 and  
1 1 x a b
 .....  1
x1 x50  1 1 1  50 1 1 1
  , ....  ..(2) 28. 6,a,b are in H.P  , , are in A.P
50  x1 x2 x50  6 a b
1 1 1 2 1 1 6a
  ....   50    50    b
x1 x2 x50 a 6 b 12  a
21. A1  A4  A7  ...  A28  140 a  3, 4, 6,8,9,10,11

A1  A28  A4  A25  ....  A13  A16 1 1 1 2 1 1 ac

29. , , are in A.P..   
5  A1  A28   140  A1  A28  28 a b c b c a ac

A1  A2  ... A28 2
 14 ac 2ac
28   b
a  c b a  c 1  1
AM  GM
c a
b c 1
a  2    3   2

3 6 30. y 2  zx  1  log x,1  log y,1  log z are in AP
22.     a
2 3  b   c 
     
6   2  3  1 1 1 1 1 
31. a  2
 2  ...   2  2  ... 
1 3 4 1 2 
1
 ab 2c 3  6 a a 4
1    ab c  108
2 3
a b 
 108  4 b 3

163
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
7. The three successive terms of a GP will form
LEVEL - III the sides of a triangle if the common ratio
1. The series of natural numbers are arranged satisfies the inequality  r  1

 5 1   5 1   5 1 
1) 1, 2  2)  , 2    2 ,  
     

as follow. . The
3)   5, 5  4)  5, 5  
8. If a, b, c be respectively the p th , q th and r th

log a log b log c

sum of numbers in the nth row is
 p q r
n  n  1 n  n  1 n  n  1
terms of G.P then
n  n  1 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 2 2
equals to
2. If a,b,c,d are distinct integers in A.P. such
1) 1 2) 0 3) -1 4) 2
that d  a 2  b 2  c 2 , then a  b  c  d  100 100

then  tr  3 tr  1 
r r
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4 9. If t  2  2 ,
3

3
3

3. A person is to count 4500 currency notes. r r 1 r 1

Let an denote the number of notes he 2101  1 2101  1 2201  1 2 201  1

1) 2) 3) 4)
counts in the n th minute. 2100 2100 2100 2100
10 The value of x satisfying the equation
If a1  a2  ...  a10  150 and a10 , a11 ,..., are
in A.P. with common difference -2, then the log10 x
  1 1 
time taken by him to count all notes is 3 1  2  4 ......to   
1) 135mins 2) 24mins 3) 34mins 4) 125mins   
4. A man saves Rs. 200 in each of the first 3 log x 10
  1 1 
months of his service. In each of the   20  1   .....   is
subsequent months his saving increases by   4 16 
Rs. 40 more than the saving of immediately 1 1
previous month. His total saving from the 1) 2) 10 3) 1000 4)
start of service will be Rs 11040 after.
100 10
[AIEEE 2011] 11. If exp (sin2 x  sin4 x  sin6 x  ...upto )loge 2
1) 21 months 2) 18 months satisfies the equation x2 – 17x + 16 = 0
3) 19 months 4) 20 months
2 cos x
5. The sum of first 20 terms of the sequence then the value of (0  x   / 2) is
sin x  2 cos x
0.7,0.77,0.777,.... is. [MAINS-2013]
1) 1/2 2) 3/2 3) 5 4) 2/3
7 7
1)
81
179  1020  2)  99  10 
9
20 12. The length of the side of square is ' a ' metre.
A second square is formed by joining the middle
7 7 points of the sides of the squares. Then a third
3)
81
179  1020  4)  99  1020 
9
square is formed by joininig the middle points
of the sides of the second squares and so on.
6 Sum of n terms of the series
Then the sum of the area of squares which
1,3,7,15,31,.... is
carried upto infinity is
1) 2n 1  n  2 2) 2n  n  2
1) a 2 2) 2a 2 3) 3a 2 4) 4a 2
3) 2n 1  n  2 4) 2 n  1

164
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES

a  be y b  ce y c  de y 22. L et a1, a2,...a10 be in A.P. and h1, h2,....h10

13. If   then a,b,c,d are be in H.P. If a1 = h1 = 2 and a10=h10 = 3,
a  be y b  ce y c  de y
then a4h7 is
in 1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) 6
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G..P 23. If the sytem of linear equations x + 2ay +
14. If a,b,c,d are positive real numbers such az = 0, x + 3by + bz = 0, x+ 4cy + cz = 0
that a  b  c  d  2 , then has a non-zero solution, then a, b, c are in
M   a  b  c  d  satisfies the relation 1) G.P. 2) H.P.
3) Satisfy a + 2b + 3c = 0 4) A.P.
1) 0  M  1 2) 1  M  2 24. If cos(x–y), cos x and cos (x+y) are in H.P,
3) 2  M  3 4) 3  M  4 then value of cos x sec (y/2) is
15. If n be the number of sequence a,b,c,d,e 1)  2 2)  3 3) 2 4) 1
satisfying the conditions 25. If a, b, c are real and in A.P. and a2, b2, c2
(i) a,b,c,d,e are in A.P and G.P. both, are in H.P., then
(ii) c= 3,7 then ‘n’= ------ 1) a = b = c 2) 2b = 3a + c
1) 1 2) 2 3) 5 4) 10
3) b 2  ac / 8 4) ab  c
16. If p ,q ,r terms of an A.P are in G.P.
th th th

whose common ratio is k, then the root of 26. If 9A.M.’s and 9 H.M’s be inserted
between 2 and 3 and A be any A.M. and
equation  q  r  x 2   r  p  x   p  q   0 other H be the corresponding H.M., then
than unity is H(5-A) =
1 1) 10 2) 6 3) -6 4) -10
1) k 2) 2k 3) k2 4) 27. Suppose ‘a’ is a fixed real number such that
k
17. If the sum to infinity of the series ax a y az
  if p,q, r are in AP then
35 px qy rz
1  4 x  7 x 2  10 x 3  ..... is 16 then x = x,y,z all are in
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G.P.
1 2 3 1 28. a,b,c are in A.P; b,c,d are in G.P and c,d,e
1) 2) 3) 4)
5 5 7 7 are in H.P. If a=2 and e=18, then the sum
18. The value of 21/ 4 41/ 8 81/16 161/ 32 ... is of all possible values of c is
1) -6 2) 6 3)12 4) 0
1) 2 2) 3/2 3) 1 4) 1/2
29. If an A.P., a G.P. and a H.P. have the same
19. Let x be the arithmetic mean and y,z be
the two geometric means between any two first term and same  2n  1 th term and

y3  z3 their  n  1
th
terms are a,b,c, respectively,,
positive numbers. Then value of is
xyz then the radius of the circle.
1) 2 2) 3 3) 1/2 4) 3/2 x 2  y 2  2bx  2ky  ac  0 is
20. If a, b, c are in G.P., then the equations
ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 and dx2 + 2ex + f = 0 1) k 2) k 3) b 2  ac 4) k
2

have a common root if a/d, b/e, c/f are in 30. If a, a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ,......, a2 n , b are in A.P and
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G..P
/ 4
a, g1 , g 2 , g3 , g 4 ,......, g 2 n , b are in G.P and h
21. Let I n   tan
n
x dx . Then is the H.M of a and b then
0
a1  a2 n a2  a2 n 1 a  an 1
  ....  n
I 2  I4 , I3  I5 , I 4  I6 , I5  I7 ,...... are in g1 g 2 n g 2 g 2 n 1 g n g n1 is equal to
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G.P 1) 2n / h 2) 2nh 3) nh 4) n/h
165
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
38. The sum of the first n terms of the series
31. If f  x   x 2   a  b  x  ab and A and H be
n(n  1) 2
the A.M. and H.M. between two quantities 1  2.2  3  2.4  5  2.6  ...... is
2 2 2 2 2 2

a and b, then 2
when n is even. When n is odd the sum is
1) Af  A   Hf  H  2
3n(n  1)  n(n  1) 
2) Af  H   Hf  A 1) 2) 
2  2 
3) A  f  A   H  f  H  n(n  1) 2 n 2 (n  1)
3) 4)
4) f  A   H  f  H   A 4 2
39. Sum to n terms of the series
32. If positive numbers a,b,c be in H.P. , then
equation 1 1 1
tan 1    tan 1    tan 1    ... is
x 2  kx  2b101  a101  c101  0  k    has 3 7  13 

1) both roots positive 1  n  1  2n  1 

1) tan   2) tan  
2) both roots negative n2  2n  2 
3) one positive & one negative root
1  1   n 
4) both roots imaginary 3) tan   4) tan 1  
 3n   n 1
10 n
40. The sum of the series
33. The value of   x.dx is
n 1 0 1 1 1 1
 2  2  2  ....... is
1) an even integer 2) an irrational number 3 1 4  2 5  3 6  4
2

3) a rational number 4) an irrational number 13 13 11 15

1) 2) 3) 4)
n n
36 33 36 36
34. Let r 4
 f (n) , then  (2r  1) 4
is equal n

 n 1  a 1  2a 1  3a  ....1   n  1 a 

r 1 r 1

to 41.
n 1
1) f(2n) – 16f(n) 2) f(2n) – 7f(n)
3) f(2n–a) – 8f(n) 4) f(2n–a) – 7f(n) 1) 1  1  a 1  2a 1  3a  .... 1  na 
35. For x  R let [x] denote the greatest integer 2) a 1  1  a 1  2a  .... 1  na  
 x. Largest natural number n for which
1
  1   2   3) 1  1  a 1  2a  .... 1  na  
a
 n
E     ....     43,
 2  100 2  100 2  100 2  is
1
1) 41 2) 42 3) 43 4) 97
4) 1  1  a 1  2a 1  3a  ....1   n  1 a
36. The sum to n terms of the series a
3 5 7 n n k j n
1
 2  2
1 1  2 1  22  32
2 2
    is 42. If  tr  2, then  
r 1 k 1 j 1 i 1 r 1 t r

6n 9n 12n 3n n 1 n n 1 n
1) 2) 3) 4) 1) 2) 3) 4)
n 1 n 1 n 1 n 1 n n 1 n n 1
37. Let r th term of a series be given by n
n
43. S n   , then S10 .S 20
r n
1  n 2  n4

n 1
Tr  then nLt Tr 
1  3r 2  r 4 
r 1 110 211 110 111
1) . 2) .
3 1 1 3 111 421 421 112
1) 2) 3) 4) 110 420 55 210
2 2 2 2
3) . 4) .
111 421 111 421
166
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
n n LEVEL - III - KEY
44. If bi  1  ai , na   ai , nb   bi , then
i 1 i 1 1) 2 2) 3 3) 3 4) 1 5) 3
n n 6) 1 7) 1 8) 2 9) 3 10) 1
 aibi   ai  a 
2
11) 1 12) 2 13) 2 14) 1 15) 2
i 1 i 1 16) 4 17) 1 18) 1 19) 1 20) 3
1) ab 2) -nab 3) nab 4)  n  1 ab 21) 3 22) 4 23) 2 24) 1 25) 1
26) 2 27) 3 28) 4 29) 2 30) 1
45. If (1 + 3 + 5+.....+p) + (1 + 3 + 5+..+q) = 31) 2 32) 3 33) 3 34) 1 35) 1
(1 + 3 + 5 + .... + r) where each set of 36) 1 37) 3 38) 4 39) 1 40) 1
parentheses contains the sum of consecutive 41) 3 42) 2 43) 4 44) 3 45) 2
odd integers as shown, the smallest possible 46) 3 47) 1 48) 2 49) 3 50) 1
value of p + q + r, (where p > 6) is
1) 12 2) 21 3) 45 4) 54 LEVEL-III - HINTS
46. The largest term of the sequence
1 4 9 16 1. S  1 2  4  7 11 ...  xn...(i)
, , , ,......
503 524 581 692 S 1  2  4  7  .....  xn 1  xn ....(ii )
49 48 49 64 (i )  (ii )  0  1  1  2  3  4  ....  (n  1)   xn
1) 2) 3) 4)
16 1509 1529 1509
(n 1)n n2  n  2
47. Consecutive odd integers whose sum is  xn  1  
252-112 are 2 2
1) 23,25,27,....,49 2)25,27,29,....,51 The nth row contains n consecutive numbers with
3) 21,23,25,....,49 4) 19,21,23,.....,47 n2  n  2
as the first term,

a1 a51 a101 2
sin 2 nx
2

48. If n  sin 2 x
a  dx, then a2 a52 a102 n   n2  n  2  
0
a3 a53 a103 Sum  2     n  1 .1
2  2  
1) 1 2)0 3) -1 4) 2
a  3k  a 2   a  k    a  2 k  , ......(i )
2 2
49. Consider the sequence 2.
1,2,2,4,4,4,4,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,..... then 1025th Where k  c.d of A.P
term will be  5k 2  3  2a  1 k  3a 2  a  0 ...(i)
1) 29 2) 211 3) 210 4) 212
using   0 then a=0 or -1
50. If set of two numbers
From (i), when a =0, 5k2-3k =0
 tan 1
x, tan 1 y , tan 1 z  and  x, y, z  are in then k does not exist,
A.P such that y does not belong to the set if a  1,5k 2  9k  4  0
0, 1,1 then 4
 k  1,  k  1 ( k is an integer)
5
x y z
1) set  , ,   GP  a  1, b  0, c  1, d  2  a  b  c  d  2
 y z x
3. Till 10th minute, the number of counted notes
x y z is 1500.
2) set of numbers  , ,  AG . .P
 y z x n
3) set of numbers are not identical  3000   2 148    n  1 2   n 148  n  1
2
4) sum of squares of their differences taken pairwise
is not equal to zero n
2
149n  3000  0
167
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
Since n=125 is not possible, total time required log10 x log10
x
is 24+10=34 minutes.    
4. Total saving = 200+200+200+240+280+.... to  1   20 
3 1  
n months= 11040 10. 1
 1   1 
n2  2  4
 400   400   n  3 40   11040
2 
4
  24 
log10 x log x 10
  n  21 n  26   0  n  21
2  log10 x 
log10 x
5. 0.7  0.77  0.777  ...  0.777...7
1
7  log10 x  2  x  100 or x 
  0.9  0.99  .....  0.999..9  100
9
sin 2 x 2
11. e cos2 x loge  16 or 1 ;
2
7 2Tan x  24 or 20
 1  0.1  1  0.01  ....  1  0.000....1
9

7 1 1 1 
  20    2  .....  20   12.
9  10 10 10  
7

81
179  1020 

6. Let S  1  3  7  15  31  ....  Tn ..... 1

S  0  1  3  7  15  ....  Tn 1  Tn .....  2  a
side of second square is , side of third square
2
1 2n 1
(1)-(2)  Tn   2n 1 and Sn   Tn a
 2 1 is , ... sum of areas of squares
2
7. Sum of two sides of a triangle > third side
2 2
2  a  a
a  ar  ar a 2
   2   ......  2a
2

8. Let A be the first term and R be the common ratio  2  

of the G..P. Then,
a  AR p 1
 log a  log A   p  1 log R ...(i)
2a  a  bey    2b   b  ce  y

13. a  bey b  cey

b  AR q 1
 log b  log A   q  1 log R ....(ii)
c  AR r 1
 log c  log A   r  1 log R ....(iii )

2c  c  de y 
Multiplying (i), (ii) and (iii) by  q  r  ,  r  p   by law of proportion
c  de y
and  p  q  respectively and adding, we get
 a  be    b  ce    c  de 
y y y

 q  r  log a   r  p  log b   p  q  log c  0 

a b c
0  a, b, c, d , are in G.P.
100 100 100 100
1 14. Since G.M.  A.M.
9. t  2   2
3
r
r
r
 3 t r
r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1
  a  b  c  d   
a  b  c  d   2  1
1 100 2 2
 2101  2  1 
2100
 3r 1
tr
Also a,b,c,d > 0 M  0 Thus 0<M  1.
2 201
1 100
 100
 1  3 tr
2 r 1
168
 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
15. a,b,c,d,e are in A.P. and G.P both 26. Let A be the k th A.M., then H will be the k th
 a  b  c  d  e  3, 7
 3  2  20  k
 Required sequences are 3,3,3,3,3 and H.M Now, A  2  kd  2  k  
7,7,7,7,7  n  2  10  10

a   q  1 d a   r  1 d 1 1
k  
16. Given k  a  p  1 d  a  q  1 d 1 3 2  30  k
    H   
2 10 60
a   q  1 d  a   r  1 d
 6
a   p  1 d  a   q  1 d A  5  H  5  A  6
H
q  r  d  q  r  1 a a
 1 1 a 1
 p  q d p  q = k 27. p  q  q  r  k  let   x 
y
 z
a dr p q r
17. S  
1  r 1  r 2 a  a  a  a 
  1    1   1    1
1 1 3 1 1 2 3 4 x  y  y  z 
18. 2 4 .2 4 .216 .2 8 ..... = 2 22  23  24  25 ....  
pq qr
ab
19. Given that x  and a, y, z, b are in G.P.. 1 1 1 1
2 by law of proportion    
x y y z
y2 z2
y  az , z  by , y  z  
3 3
2 2 ac 2 2ce
xz xy 28. b  , c  bd , d 
2 ce
20. ax 2  2bx  c  0  ( ax  c) 2  0
 a  c   2ce 
Now , c  bd  c  
2 2
 
c  2  c  e 
x , use in dx 2  2ex  f  0
a  c 2  ae  36; c  6 or  6
1 29. let A be the first term, D be the common
21. We know that I n  In  2  from
n 1 difference and B be the (2n  1) th term of A.P..
integration
BA
then B  A  2nD  D 
22. let ‘d’ is common difference of A.P 2n
1 A B
 3  a10  2  9d  d  a  A   n  1  1 D 
9 2
1 1 1 2AB
let ‘D’ is common differnce of h , h ,.... h similarly b  AB and c 
1 2 10
A B

1 1 1 9 1  b 2  ac then find r.
    D
3 h10 2 D 54 30. a  b  a1  a2 n  a2  a2 n 1  ....... and
23. det = 0 2ab
ab  g1 g 2 n  g 2 g 2 n1.... and h 
2 1 1 ab
24.  
cos x cos(x  y) cos(x  y) f  A
31. We have to calculate f H and f  A  f  H 
2a c 2 2
 
25. 2b = a + c & b2 =
a 2  c2
a  b
2
simplify, we get a = 3  a  b  c ab 2ab A
Here A  ,H  ; 
2 ab 4ab H
169
SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I

1 1  a 1  2a  ....1   n  1 a

32. a,b,c are in H.P  H .M . of a and c is b
t 
41. n a  
 ac  b  G.M  H .M    1  a 1  2a  .... 1  na  

 
101
Since A.M >G.M. a101  c101  2 ac  2b101 Put n=1,2,3,...n and add.
n k j n n
f  x   x 2  kx  2b101  a101  c101 42.  2   2 j
k 1 j 1 i 1 k 1 j 1
Then f       0,
n  n  1 2n  1 n  n  1
f  0   2b101  a101  c101  0  
6 2
Hence equation f(x) = 0 has one root in
n  n  1 2n  1
 , 0  and other in  0,    Sn 
3
1 10 2 n  n  1 2n  1
n
10
 x2  r  r  1 r  2   r  1 r  1
33.     n   tr  S r  S r 1  
n 1  2  0 2 n 1 12 3 3
is rational number n
1 1 n
n   1 
n 1 n 1
34.  (2r  1)
r 1
4
=Total sum - Even sum= r 1 t r

n 1
2n n tn  1 
 Sn  1 
 r   (2r)
r 1
4

r 1
4
 f (2n)  16f (n) 43.
1  n  2 2
n 2  2
2  1 n  n 

 1 1  210
35. Since 3.14 <  < 3.142, 1.57   1.571 and  S 20  1 
2 2  421  421


 n  44.  a b  a 1  a   na   a 2
   1 for n = 0, 1, 2, ..., 42 i i i i i
 2 100 
 na    a  a   a  2a   a  a 
2 2
the largest possible number n for which i i

E < 43 is 41.
  a b    a  a  =nab
2

 2n  1 6
i i i
1 1 
36. Tn  n n  1 2n  1  6  n  n  1   b 1   a ,nb  n  na (or ) a+b=1
     i i

45. Sum of first n odd natural numbers = n2

6n
Sn   Tn  2 2 2
n 1  p 1   q 1   r 1 
     
r 1 1 1   2   2   2 
37. Tr  r  1 2  r 2  2  r 2  r  1  r 2  r  1
   p  1  8, q  1  6, r  1  10
n2
2m  2m  1
2
46. Tn  ;
  2m  1
2
38. If n is odd; S 2 m 1  500  3n3
2
 2 1 
1 1  3  2  dTn n 1000  3n
3
 
39. tan    tan    ... Verify  0
 1  1.2   1  2.3   
2
dn 500  3n3
1 1
40. Tn  n 2   n  2    n  2  n  1 , where 1
 1000  3
n  between 6 and 7

1 1 1  13  3 
n = 3,4,5,....... S   3  n  1  n  2   36
n 3 Hence T7 is largest term
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 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
47. Let the n consecutive odd integers be 1. Statement-1: If a1 , a2 , a3 ,......, an ,... is an A.P..
2k  1, 2k  3, 2k  5,....  2k  2n  1
such that a1  a4  a7  ...  a16  147 , then
n  k 
2
Given  k  25  11
2 2 2
a1  a6  a11  a16  98
k  11, n  k  25  n  14 Statement-2: In an A.P., the sum of the terms
equidistant from the beginning and the end is
48. an  2  an  2an 1  0
always same and is equal to the sum of first
a2  a102  2a52 , a3  a103  2a53 . and last term.
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
49. In the given Sequence 1st term is 1.
The first 2 is in term 2 2. Let a1 , a2 , a3 ,....., an 1 , an be an A.P..
The first 4 is in term 4 n
The first 8 is in term 8 Statement-1: a1  a2  a3  ...  an   a1  an 
2
The sequence is doubling the first number and Statement-2: ak  an  k 1  a1  an for
putting that number in the sequence for however
many terms it is worth, i.e 8 is in the sequence 8 k  1, 2,3,..., n
times, 4 is in the sequence 4 times, because we 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
double the number each time, we know the pattern 3 Statement-1: There exists no A.P. whose three
will go 1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,..... terms are 3, 5 and 7.
So that means the number 1024 will start from
Statement-2: If a p , aq and ar are three
1024th term
a p  aq
 1025 term is also 1024  210 distinct terms of an A.P., then a  a is a
p r
50. tan 1 y  tan 1 x  tan 1 z  tan 1 y
rational number.
yx z y 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 .............. (1)
1  xy 1  zy 4. Statement-1: If for any real x, 21 x  21 x , 
x, y, z are in AP and 3x  3 x are three equidistant terms of an
y-x=z-y ............... (2) A.P., then   3
from (1) and (2) 1  xy  1  zy Statement-2: A.M  G.M for
x  z x  y  z  x, y , z are in A.P 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
5. Statement-1: If x  1 , the sum to infinite
LEVEL-IV 2 3
series 1  3  1  1   5  1  1   7  1  1   ... is
In this section each question contains  x   x   x 
STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and 2x  x
2

STATEMENT-2 (Reason). Each of these Statement-2: If 0  y  1 , the sum of the

questions has following four choices (1), (2),
(3) and (4), only one of which is the correct 1 y
series 1  3 y  5 y  7 y  ... is 1  y 2
2 3
answer.  
1) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
6. Let a, b, c be positive real numbers in H.P..
Statement-1.
2) Statement -1 is True, Statement-2 is ab cb
Statement-1:  4
True; Statement-2 is not a correct 2 a  b 2c  b
explanation for Statement-1. a b c
3) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is false Statement-2:   3
b c a
4) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
True.
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SEQUENCE & SERIES JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
7. Suppose four distinct positive numbers 12. Statement 1: The sum of series
a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 are in G.P. Let 1 +( 1+ 2+ 4) + (4 +6 +9 ) +( 9+ 12 +1 6 )+ . . . . +
(361+380+400) is 8000.
b1  a1 , b2  b1  a2 , b3  b2  a3 and b4  b3  a4 . n

 (k   k  1 )  n
3 3 3
Statement-1: The numbers b1 , b2 , b3,b4 are Statement 2: for any
k 1
neither in A.P. nor in G.P. and natural number n. [AIEEE 2012]
Statement-2: The numbers b1 , b2 , b3 , b4 are in 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
H.P. LEVEL-IV - KEY
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
8. Statement-1: If a, b, c are distinct real numbers 1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1 6) 2
7) 3 8) 1 9) 3 10) 4 11) 2 12)1
in H.P, then a n  c n  2b n , n  N
Statement-2: A.M > G.M > H.M LEVEL-IV - HINTS
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
1. Statement -2 is a property of an A.P. So, it is
9 Statement-1:
true. Now,
12 22 32 n2 n  n 1 a1  a4  a7  ...  a16  147
   ...  
1.3 3.5 5.7  2n 1 2n 1 2 2n 1
  a1  a16    a4  a13    a7  a10   147
Statement-2:
1 1 1 1 1  3  a1  a16   147 [Using statement-2]
   ...  
1.3 3.5 5.7  2n  1 2n  1 2n  1  a1  a16  49
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 a1  a6  a11  a16
10. Let n  N and k be an integer  0 such
  a1  a16    a6  a11   2  a1  a16   2  49  98
that Sk  n   1k  2k  3k  ...  n k
2. Clearly, statement-2 is true.
Statement-I:
Let S n  a1  a2  a3  ...  an 1  an . Then,
n
S 4  n    n  1 2n  1  3n 2  3n  1 S n  an  an 1  an  2  ....  a2  a1
30
Statement-II: 2Sn   a1  an   a2 an1   a3  an2  ...  an  a1 
k 1
C1Sk  n   k 1
C2 Sk 1  n   ...  k 1
Ck S1  n 
 2Sn  n  a1  an  [Using statement-2]
Ck 1S0  n    n  1
k 1 k 1
 1 n
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 Sn   a1  an 
2
11. Let S n denote the sum of n terms of the So, statement-2 is correct explanation for
series statement-1.
12  3  22  32  3  4 2  52  3  62  7 2  .... 3. Suppose a p , aq and ar are p th , q th and r th
Statement-1: If n is odd, then terms of an A.P. whose common difference is
n  n  1 4n  1 d. Then, a p  ar   p  r  d and
Sn 
6
a p  aq   p  q  d
Statement-2: If n is even, then
n  n  1 4n  5  a p  aq pq
Sn   
6 a p  ar p  r , which is a rational number..
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 So, statement-2 is true.

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 JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I SEQUENCE & SERIES
In order to check the truth of statement-1, let ab cb 3a c 
  1   
us assume that there is an A.P. having 3, 5 2 a  b 2c  b 2 c a
and 7 as its p , q and r th terms. Then,
th th
ab cb
  1 3  4
2 a  b 2c  b
3 5
should be a rational number..  a c 
3 7
 A.M  G.M , c  a  2
This is a contradication.
Hence, 3, 5 and 7 cannot be three terms So, statement-2 is true,
But, statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
of an A.P. So, statement-1 is true and statement-1.
statement-2 is a correct explanation for 7 Let r be the common ratio of the G..P. Wee
statement-1. have,
4. As 21 x  21 x ,  and 3x  3 x are three
b1  a1,b2  a1  a2  a1 1 r ,b3  b2  a3  a1 r  r2  ,
equidistant terms of an AP.
 21 x  21 x ,  and 3x  3 x are in A.P.. b4  b3  a4  a1 1  r  r 2  r 3 

 2  21 x  21 x  3x  3 x Clearly, also b1 , b2 , b3 , b4 are neither in A.P nor

 2  2  2 x  2  x    3 x  3 x  in H.P. so, statement-1 is true.
8 If a, b, c are in H.P., then b is the H.M of a
Now, A.M > G.M
and c . But, the G.M of a and c is ac .
 2 x  2 x  2 and 3x  3 x  2
 2 2x  2 x    3x  3x   4  2  2  6    3  G.M  H .M  ac  b ----(i)
Using A.M > H.M, we have
5. Let S  1  3 y  5 y 2  7 y 3  ..... (i)
an  cn
Then, y S  y  3 y  5 y  ...... (ii)
2 3  ancn
2
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
an  cn
S 1  y   1  2 y  2 y 2  2 y 3  .....   ac 
n/2

2
2y 1 y
 S 1 y 1 S  an  cn
1 y 1 y
2
  bn [Using (i)]
2
So, statement-2 is true.
 a n  c n  2b n
1 Hence, statement-1 and 2 are true and
Putting y  1  in the above sum, we get
x statement-2 is a correct explanation for
S  2 x2  x statement-1
So, statement-1 is also true and statement-2 is 9. Verification with n=2
a correct explanation for statement-1. 10. Verification with n=2
11. Both statements are true but 2nd statement is not
2ac
6. Since a, b, c are in H.P.  b  . Now,, a correct exp. for statement 1
ac
12. Tn   n  1   n  1 n  n 2
2

2ac 2ac
a
c
ab

cb
 ac  ac
2a  b 2c  b 2a  2ac 2c  2ac 
 n 1  n   n   n 1
3 3
3 3

ac ac  n  1  n
Find T1 , T2 ,.....T20 and S 20  203  03  8000

173