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Bibliography

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16 views

Bibliography

Uploaded by

Md. Shiful Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is bibliography?

A bibliography refers to a list of books, scholarly articles, private records, and any other forms of written
material that are cited as references during a study or research.

According to Merriam Webster Dictionary Bibliography is “the history, identification, or description of writings
or publications”

According to oxford English dictionary bibliography is “a list of books or articles about a particular subject or
by a particular author; the list of books, etc. that have been used by somebody writing an article, etc.”

So we can Say that bibliography is a list of the written sources of information on a subject.

Types of bibliography-

National Bibliography:

A national bibliography is a mirror that reflects the culture, character and current interest of a country by listing
its publishing output. Not only does it serve as an historical recorder, but when distributed to other countries, it
serves as a ‘window’ to that country.A complete and timely national bibliography is an important information
resource for Selection and acquisition in libraries and similar institutions.

Trade Bibliography:

The trade bibliography is a list of books and other reading materials available for sale by the booksellers,
printers, publishers and distributors of such publications. They can be national or international. Their chief
function is to promote book trade. They serve commercial purposes and thereby help as well by boosting sales.

Subject Bibliography:

A subject bibliography contains bibliographic information about everything that’s ever been written about a
topic. This includes all the books, periodicals, pamphlets, journals, and works in other languages. Subject
bibliographies will list primary sources, secondary sources, or both primary and secondary sources relevant to
the study and research of a specific topic or event. Finding a subject bibliography on your topic can save you
lots of time in your research.

Universal Bibliography:

A universal bibliography is one that records all documents, produced in all languages in all countries of the
world, without restriction of the theme. Today the term universal bibliographies is used for multidisciplinary
and international bibliographies, which supplements the disciplinary and the national bibliographies.
Dissertations Abstracts International, Inside Conferences, Ulrich's International Periodicals Directory and
World Translation Index are examples.

Incunabula

Incunabula is the plural of the Latin word incunabulum, a cradle. Evolving from its original meaning,
incunabulum came to mean "place of birth" or "beginning." In the world of books, the word incunabula refers to
books that were printed using metal type up to the year 1500.
Purpose of Bibliography
It’s common knowledge that every book or written material that is academic should have a bibliography
section at the very end. This document is still important whether or not it is a mandatory requirement for the
entire creation and management of a research project. Here are some other reasons why this document is
important.
It serves as an optimal resource
When one writes a bibliography, they allow themselves to create the best possible versions of all their sources
of information. This applies to whether the sources are primary sources or secondary sources. Having a
bibliography also enables a reader to determine the regency and authority of the cited work.
Plagiarism Prevention
Plagiarism is defined as presenting someone else’s work as your own with or without their consent by
incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgment. It’s a serious issue nowadays and will always be
taken as a form of cheating. By citing sources in a bibliography, the fair practice of crediting someone’s work is
practiced and plagiarism can be avoided.
Maintaining accuracy
Books and magazines can be great sources of information for readers. And when the writer of a book or a
magazine includes their source of information in the work they’ve written, they allow the readers to check how
accurate it is or not. This is particularly the case when a random obscure fact is inserted. When a source of that
fact is cited at the end of the book, the accuracy is then not questioned by the reader.
Enhances the value of a paper
Whenever a bibliography is included at the end of a paper, the reader has the opportunity to check and cross-
examine the information that is written down in the paper. This, in turn, elevates the value of the paper in
question since it shows to the reader that the author has devoted a lot of time and effort to complete the
research. Whenever a bibliography is not included in a work, there is a great chance that the paper will only be
dismissed as inaccurate and full of hearsay.
It acts as a source tracker
A bibliography also allows the reader to keep track of all the sources that were used during the research. This
can be important since there will be times that the reader/evaluator will want to cross-reference the facts that are
listed, and the bibliography section will allow them to do so. It also acts as a simple yet systematic database of
all the information related to the topic of the research.

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