Effective Lesson Planning

27/9/2024
Todays` Objectives:
• understanding the structure and elements of an effective lesson plan,
and applying this knowledge to create own Plan
• Exploring the Basics of Lesson Planning
• Components of an Effective Lesson Plan
• How to Write Effective Lesson Objectives
• Creating a Lesson Plan Outline
• Conclusion & Reflection
• students will individually create a detailed lesson plan for a specific
grade and subject.
What is Lesson Planning?
• Lesson planning is the process of outlining the instructional methods,
materials, activities, and assessments for a specific lesson.
• A roadmap for both teachers and students.
• Ensures content is delivered in an organized and efficient manner.
• Helps in meeting curriculum objectives and student learning needs.
Why is Lesson Planning Important?
• 1. Provides structure and focus to lessons.
• 2. Enhances classroom management by setting clear expectations.
• 3. Allows teachers to be prepared for diverse learning styles and
needs.
• 4. Ensures alignment with curriculum goals and standards.
• 5. Helps in tracking student progress and adjusting instruction
accordingly.
Components of Effective lesson plan
Active Clear Incorporation
Assessment
engagemen lesson and
of Technology
t objecties Feedback

Alignment
Flexibility Inclusivity
with Sequencing
and and
Curriculum and Pacing Adaptability Accessibility
standards

Variety of Student Clear Conceptual

teaching centered instructions and Real
and World
methods focus Expectations. relevance
Models of Lesson planning used
in different education systems
globally
 Hunter Model • US, Direct Instruction
• Teacher Training , teacher led Instruction
Essentialism

• UK,US,AUS, Stem Education

5E Model –Bybee (Constructivism) • Encourages Student discovery and exploration, CT, Hand on learning

Herbartian Lesson Plan Model • Germany & Europe

• Moral development and deep understanding of concepts through
(Idealism) structured knowledge transfer

Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model • higher education in US, UK, and Australia
• for adult education, vocational training, and project-based learning
(Progressivism) environments.

Montessori Lesson Planning • Europe, North America, and Asia

• Focuses on fostering independence and learning through interaction with
Model(Constructivism +Humanism) specially designed materials.

Backward Design Model • international schools,IB ,US, UK, Canada, and Australia
• Focuses on achieving specific learning outcomes and aligning assessments
(Constructivism) with those outcomes.
 Jolly Phonics/Language Lesson Planning • Common in early childhood education, particularly in English-language
Model ( Behaviorism and Essentialism) learning environments.
• non-English speaking countries

Competency-Based Lesson Planning • Germany, Switzerland, Finland, and Australia.

(CBL)(Pragmatism and Progressivism) • Common in technical and vocational education .

• Originated in Japan, and now UK, US, and Finland.

Lesson Study Model(Social Constructivism) • Focuses on continuous improvement and professional development
through shared practice.

Singapore Math Model(Constructivism and • Used extensively in Singapore, and adopted in the US, Canada, UK,
Essentialism) • Emphasizes mastery of concepts through in-depth exploration of fewer
topics.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) • Canada, US, Australia, and the Netherlands.

Model(Constructivism and Progressivism) • Common in medical, engineering, and technical education programs.

High Scope Approach(Progressivism and • US and European countries

Constructivism) • Common in preschool and early childhood education, encouraging
autonomy and reflection.

Cambridge International Lesson Planning • Cambridge International Schools across 160 countries.
Model (Internationalism and Constructivism • Based on inquiry-led teaching, critical thinking, and skills development
• Fosters global competence and prepares students for international
benchmarks.
 Internationalism:
• A global
perspective on
education,
Progressivism: fostering
Constructivism:
• Focuses on intercultural
• Knowledge is experiential
Essentialism: Behaviorism: Idealism: Humanism: Pragmatism: understanding,
constructed learning,
• Focus on core • Learning is • Emphasizes • Education • Learning and preparing
through problem-
academic viewed as a intellectual focuses on should be students for
active solving, and
knowledge change in and moral the practical, participation in a
learning and learning by
and skills, behavior, development, development adaptable, globalized world.
experience. doing. It
with teacher- Emphasizes achieved where of the whole and focused
prioritizes
led inquiry, through education is person, on real-world
student
instruction. discovery, systematic about fostering self- applications
engagement,
Emphasizes and hands-on instruction imparting actualization and problem-
real-world
structure, learning. and timeless and personal solving.
application,
discipline, reinforcemen truths and growth.
and
and the t. abstract
reflection.
basics. concepts.
 Each of these models reflects the
educational philosophies, learning
goals, and cultural priorities of different
education systems. These models can be
adapted or blended based on the teaching
context and learner needs.
 Designing Learning Objectives
Designing effective learning objectives is crucial for guiding both
instruction and student learning. Learning objectives clearly define what
students are expected to know, understand, or be able to do by the end
of a lesson or course
Bloom Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a
useful framework to
guide the selection of
action verbs, organized
into six levels of
cognitive processes:
 Structure of Learning Objective

[Who] will [do what] [under what conditions] [to what standard].

•Who: Specify the learner (e.g., "The student will...")

•Do what: Use an action verb to describe what they will be able to do (e.g.,
"...analyze the data...")
•Under what conditions: Specify any conditions or criteria (e.g., "...using the
scientific method...")
•To what standard: Define how well they must perform (e.g., "...with 90%
accuracy.")
Gagné, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K., & Keller, J. M. (2004). Principles of Instructional Design (5th
ed.). Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Examples of Well Designed Learning
Objectives
•Science: "By the end of the lesson, students will be able to explain the process of cellular
respiration, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain, and
illustrate each stage with a diagram.“

•Mathematics: "Students will be able to solve quadratic equations using the quadratic
formula and justify their solutions through step-by-step reasoning.

•Social Studies: "Students will analyze the causes of the French Revolution by creating a
timeline of major events and evaluating their significance in a 500-word essay.“

•Language Arts: "By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and explain the
themes of loyalty and betrayal in Shakespeare’s 'Julius Caesar' through group discussion and
written reflection.“

•Physical Education: "Students will demonstrate proper technique in shooting a basketball,

aiming for 7 out of 10 successful shots in a drill."
Activity 1: Writing Learning
Objectives
Activity 2: Creating Learning
Objectives for Differentiated
Instruction
Write differentiated learning objectives for
students with different learning abilities,

• Example : Science – Earth Rotation and its impact

• Struggling Student :

• Average Student :

• Advanced Student :
 Todays Education System
Modern and innovative lesson planning methods in today's education
system emphasize student-centered approaches, technology
integration, and flexibility in teaching.
 Flipped Classroom
• Content online /activities
classroom

Personalized
learning
• Unique need of
learners/mastery
/more engagement

These methods help foster critical

thinking, creativity, collaboration,
and problem-solving skills in
students, preparing them for the
challenges of the modern world.
Creating engaging lesson
materials
Variety of Teaching Techniques
Approach is the overall a guiding framework for a Constructivist Approach suggests that
learners actively construct their own
theory or philosophy about teacher's entire teaching understanding through experiences and
how teaching and learning process and instructional reflection.
should occur. philosophy.

method is the organized, dictates how instruction will Project-Based Learning (PBL) is
systematic plan or be carried out in the a method where students work
on real world problems.
procedure that follows the classroom.
approach

Strategy is a specific plan more situation-specific and can Group Work or Discussion-Based
or action aimed at change based on the needs of the Learning
achieving a particular students, content, or learning
learning outcome or goal. environment.

A technique is a specific, deals with the exact actions Questioning Techniques, like asking
detailed procedure or tool or tools used in the open-ended questions or using
scaffolding,
used to achieve immediate classroom. Techniques are
instructional objectives the part of Strategies.
•Approach = Guiding philosophy.
•Method = General plan or system.
•Strategy = Specific plan of action
within a method.
•Technique = Individual steps or
tools used to implement the strategy.
• Flipped Learning
• Gamification
• Collaborative Learning
• Project-Based Learning (PBL) •Use of Virtual Reality (VR) and
• Inquiry-Based Learning Augmented Reality (AR)
• Use of Interactive Whiteboards •Problem-Based Learning
• Differentiated Instruction •Use of Educational Technology Apps
• Personalized Learning •Think-Pair-Share
• Learning Stations/Rotations •Role-Playing/Simulations
• Peer Teaching •Mind Mapping
•Use of Podcasts or Video Creation
•Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools
Lesson plans according to
Subjects
Different subjects often require varied approaches to lesson planning due to the
nature of the content, skills, and teaching methodologies involved
Thematic Lesson Plans • Inquiry-Based Lesson Plans
Subjects: English, Social Studies, • Subjects: Science, Geography
Science • Purpose: Encourages students to
• Purpose: Thematic lesson plans explore, ask questions, and
revolve around a central theme or discover knowledge through
topic and integrate different inquiry and investigation.
subject areas to provide a holistic
learning experience.
• Direct Instruction Lesson Plans • Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
Subjects: Mathematics, Grammar, Lesson Plans
History Subjects: Mathematics, Economics,
• Purpose: Focuses on step-by-step Science
instruction where the teacher leads • Purpose: Focuses on solving real-
students through explicit teaching of
facts, concepts, or procedures
world problems through critical
thinking and analysis.
.
• Experiential Learning Lesson Cross-Curricular Lesson Plans
Plans Subjects: STEM, Humanities
• Subjects: Physical Education, • Purpose: Integrates content and
Outdoor Education, Science skills from multiple subjects to
• Purpose: Students learn through provide a richer and broader
direct experience and reflection, understanding of a topic.
applying knowledge to hands-on
tasks.
• Skills-Based Lesson Plans • Concept-Based Lesson Plans
• Subjects: Language Arts, Physical • Subjects: Philosophy, Science,
Education, Art, Music Literature
• Purpose: Focus on developing • Purpose: Focuses on deep
specific skills (e.g., writing, understanding of abstract concepts,
fostering critical thinking and
speaking, drawing, physical philosophical discussions
movements).
• .
• 13. Competency-Based Lesson • Lecture-Based Lesson Plans
Plans
• Subjects: History, Philosophy
• Subjects: Vocational Studies,
Special Education • Purpose: Focus on teacher-
centered instruction where the
• Purpose: Tailored to help
students achieve specific teacher delivers content and
competencies, with focus on students take notes or engage in
mastery before moving to the passive learning.
next level.

• Discussion-Based Lesson Plans

• Subjects: Literature, Ethics, Social
Studies
• Purpose: Emphasizes critical
thinking and student participation
through discussions, debates, or
Socratic seminars.
Activity 1: Evaluate the
lesson Plan
 Evaluation Criteria
Clarity of Learning Objectives: Are the objectives clear, specific, and
measurable?
• Engagement: Does the plan include activities that actively engage
students?
• Differentiation: Are there strategies to accommodate diverse learners?
• Assessment Alignment: Is there a clear method for assessing student
understanding?
• Materials and Resources: Are the materials and resources appropriate and
accessible?
• Flow and Structure: Does the lesson have a logical progression?
Design a Lesson Plan
Conclusion
• Effective lesson planning is key to delivering successful lessons. It
helps teachers stay organized, ensures student engagement, and
leads to better learning outcomes.
What is hook?

A hook is when a teacher uses an engaging way to grab their students'

attention before the lesson. Hooks can be used to connect background
knowledge to the lesson, bring excitement into the students' learning,
and/or provide objectives to the content.

Hooks can be short around 2-5 minutes with a short video, photograph,
sound clip or they can take some time by doing a virtual field trip or a
movement.