REF 542plus

Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit

Operator's manual
1MRS755869 REF 542plus
Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Issued: 01.11.2002 Operator's manual
Version: G/15.02.2010

Contents
Copyrights ................................................................................. 7
1. Introduction..............................................................9
1.1. This manual.............................................................. 9
1.2. Use of symbols ......................................................... 9
1.3. Intended audience ..................................................... 9
1.4. Product documentation ............................................. 10
1.5. Document revisions.................................................. 10
2. Safety information................................................... 11
3. HMI features ........................................................... 13
3.1. Control area............................................................ 13
3.2. Info and Menu area.................................................. 15
3.3. REF 542plus status information area .......................... 17
4. Behavior at power up .............................................. 19
5. Changing the language displayed ............................ 21
6. Control modes........................................................ 25
6.1. Available control modes ............................................ 25
6.2. Changing the control modes ...................................... 25
7. Operating the primary objects.................................. 27
8. Viewing and resetting alarms ................................... 29
8.1. Viewing alarms........................................................ 29
8.2. Resetting alarms...................................................... 29
9. Viewing measurements ........................................... 31
10. Viewing events ....................................................... 33
11. Viewing and changing the protection settings ........... 35
11.1. Viewing the protection settings................................... 35
11.2. Changing the protection settings ................................ 35
11.2.1. Changing the protection key mode.................. 35
11.2.2. Changing the protection parameters................ 36
11.2.3. Changing the active parameter set ................. 38
11.2.4. Viewing and changing control parameters ........ 39
12. Setting the time and date......................................... 41
13. Command page ...................................................... 43
14. REF 542plus commissioning mode........................... 45
14.1. Binary input commissioning page ............................... 46
14.2. Binary output commissioning page ............................. 47
14.3. Analog input commissioning page .............................. 48
14.4. Analog output 4- 20 mA commissioning page ............... 50
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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

14.5. Analog input 4-20 mA commissioning page.................. 51

14.6. Optical inputs commissioning page ............................. 52
14.7. Optical output commissioning page............................. 53
15. Connection to PC.................................................... 55
15.1. Infrared (IrDa) to RS232 converter cable...................... 55
15.2. Null-modem cable .................................................... 55
15.3. Ethernet TCP/IP cable .............................................. 56
15.4. Downloading a configuration ...................................... 56
15.5. PC communication properties .................................... 56
15.5.1. Serial port settings ....................................... 58
15.5.2. TCP/IP port settings ..................................... 62
15.6. Uploading the configuration ....................................... 66
15.7. Uploading other information ....................................... 67
16. Troubleshooting...................................................... 69
16.1. Error messages ....................................................... 69
16.2. Clearing the configuration inside the unit ..................... 74
16.3. Primary objects incorrect visualization ......................... 75
17. Terminology ........................................................... 77
18. Abbreviations ......................................................... 79
19. Appendix A: Connection diagrams ........................... 81
19.1. Analog Inputs.......................................................... 83
19.2. Binary inputs and outputs.......................................... 86
19.2.1. Static ......................................................... 86
19.2.2. Electromechanical........................................ 87
19.2.2.1. BIO3 ........................................... 87
19.3. Other connections.................................................... 88
19.3.1. Analog outputs 0/4-20 mA ............................. 88
19.3.2. Analog inputs 4-20 mA ................................. 89
19.3.3. Communication module ................................ 90
19.3.4. Power supply .............................................. 90
19.3.5. Time synchronization.................................... 90
19.3.6. HMI ........................................................... 91
20. Appendix B: Menu structure .................................... 93
20.1. Commands ............................................................. 93
20.2. Reset page............................................................. 93
20.3. Protection ............................................................... 95
20.4. Control................................................................... 95
20.5. Test ....................................................................... 95
20.6. Service page........................................................... 95
20.6.1. Statistics .................................................... 96
20.6.2. Versions ..................................................... 96

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

20.6.3. Hardware identification.................................. 97

20.6.4. Communication ........................................... 99
20.6.4.1. IEC 103 communication page.........100
20.6.4.2. LON communication page..............102
20.6.4.3. SPA communication page ..............103
20.6.4.4. Modbus communication page .........103
20.6.4.5. CAN communication page .............104
20.6.4.6. HMI communication page ..............107
20.6.4.7. Ethernet IP page ..........................108
20.6.4.8. Ethernet communication page ........109
20.6.5. Char map .................................................. 118
20.6.6. LCD contrast.............................................. 119
20.6.7. Load flow direction ...................................... 119
20.7. Test page ..............................................................120
20.7.1. Test HMI ...................................................120
20.7.2. Test primary object......................................121
21. Appendix C: Tripping time indication...................... 123
22. Appendix D: Self Supervision ................................ 125
23. Appendix E: Telnet protocol................................... 135

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

Copyrights
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not
be construed as a commitment by ABB Oy. ABB Oy assumes no responsibility for
any errors that may appear in this document.

In no event shall ABB Oy be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or

consequential damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this document,
nor shall ABB Oy be liable for incidental or consequential damages arising from
the use of any software or hardware described in this document.

This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB Oy, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third
party nor used for any unauthorized purpose.

The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license

and may be used, copied or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such
license.

© Copyright 2010 ABB Oy

All rights reserved.

Trademarks

ABB is a registered trademark of ABB Group. All other brand or product names
mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective holders.

Guarantee

Please inquire about the terms of guarantee from your nearest ABB representative.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

1. Introduction
1.1. This manual

Before attempting any operation with REF 542plus, read this manual carefully first.

This manual describes how to use the interface of REF 542plus (LD HMI, Local
Detached Human Machine Interface). Note that HMI views and pictures are to be
considered exemplary.

Do not make any changes to the REF 542plus configuration unless you
are authorized to do it and familiar with REF 542plus and its Operating
Tool. This might result in malfunction and loss of warranty.

1.2. Use of symbols

This publication includes the following icons that point out safety-related conditions
or other important information:

The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which

could result in electrical shock.

The warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result
in personal injury.

The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to

the concept discussed in the text. It might indicate the presence of a
hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to
equipment or property.

The information icon alerts the reader to relevant facts and conditions.

Although warning hazards are related to personal injury, it should be understood

that operation of damaged equipment could, under certain operational conditions,
result in degraded process performance leading to personal injury or death.
Therefore, comply fully with all warning and caution notices.

1.3. Intended audience

This manual is intended for operators, supervisors and administrators to support

normal use of the product.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

1.4. Product documentation

Name of the Manual Document ID
Real Time Clock Synchronization, IRIG-B Input Time Master 1MRS755870
Product Guide 1MRS756269
Configuration Manual 1MRS755871
iButton Programmer User Manual 1MRS755863
Manual Part 3, Installation and Commission 1 VTA100004
Manual Part 4, Communication 1VTA100005
Motor Protection with ATEX Certification, Manual 1MRS755862
SCL Tool Configuration Manual 1MRS756342
Protection Manual 1MRS755860
Technical Reference Manual 1MRS755859
Technical Reference Modbus RTU 1MRS755868
Web Manual, Installation 1MRS755865
Web Manual, Operation 1MRS755864
IEC 61850 PIXIT 1MRS756360
IEC 61850 Conformance Statement 1MRS756361
IEC61850 TISSUES Conformance Statement 1MRS756362
Lifecycle Service Tool 1MRS756725

1.5. Document revisions

Version IED Revision Date History
number
1VTA100172-Rev 1, 01.11.2002 First release
en
1VTA100172-Rev 2, 22.10.2003 Updated to version 4D02
en
1VTA100172-Rev 3, 03.05.2004 Updated
en
1VTA100172-Rev 4, 04.04.2005 Updated
en
A 28.02..2006 Document updated
* language

* layout

B 2.5 30.09.2006 Updated to software

version V4E03x
C 2.5 SP1 31.05.2007 Updated to software
version V4E04x
D 2.5 SP3 14.02.2008 Updated
E 2.6 19.12.2008 Updated to software
version V4F06x
F 2.6 01.07.2009 Updated
G 3.0 15.02.2010 Document updated

Applicability

This manual is applicable to REF 542plus Release 3.0, software version V4F08x.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

2. Safety information

Dangerous voltages can occur on the connectors, even though the

auxiliary voltage has been disconnected.

Non-observance can result in death, personal injury or substantial

property damage.

Only a competent electrician is allowed to carry out the electrical

installation.

National and local electrical safety regulations must always be

followed.

The frame of the device has to be carefully earthed.

The device contains components which are sensitive to electrostatic

discharge. Unnecessary touching of electronic components must
therefore be avoided.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

3. HMI features
The REF 542plus is shown in Fig. 3.-1. This HMI features a back-illuminated LCD,
8 push buttons, several LEDs and an electronic key sensor. This new international
HMI is a part of the product release of REF 542plus, starting from release 2.5.

The resolution of the display is 320x240 (QVGA) and the display supports full
Unicode character set. Consequently, all languages, for example Chinese, can be
displayed clearly. With this HMI two different languages can be handled
simultaneously. The local language can be defined as the first language with the
related operating tool. Then, the second language becomes automatically English.
The language on the HMI can be changed from one to the other very easily.

A051327

Fig. 3.-1 REF 542plus HMI

The LCD in the SLD view provides a graphical representation of the primary
objects controlled or monitored by REF 542plus in the switchgear. The right half of
the LCD is for plain text visualization such as measurements and protection events.
The contrast level is automatically controlled for an optimum reading, it can also be
adjusted as wanted.

The HMI panel is organized in three main areas.

3.1. Control area

The left side of the HMI panel is for primary objects control. The command buttons
and the information related to the switchgear control are placed on this area

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

A051328

Fig. 3.1.-1 HMI control area

This section of the display shows the Single Line Diagram (SLD) of the controlled
panel and the measurement bars. Text can be added in this section to improve the
understanding of SLD.
* Command buttons

The Primary Object Control can be performed with the following push buttons to
allow operating the primary objects if configured as “selectable”. The command
push buttons for local operation of the switching devices are:

Open: to open the selected object.

Close: to close the selected object.

Select: to select the object. The selected object appears highlighted.

CB Fast Opening: to allow opening of the circuit breaker independently from

the selected control mode. When pressed simultaneously with the normal
open button, this button allows opening the circuit breaker independently from
the selected control mode. This feature must be enabled in the unit with the
Operating Tool.
* E-Keys Sensor: this is the sensor for the electronic keys. The sensor
automatically detects which key has been inserted. The two keys are usually
labelled “Protect” and “Control” to distinguish them.
* Protection key: is specialized to the protection environment allowing changing of
parameters and other functions related to the protection.
* Control Key: this is dedicated to the control modes. It allows changing the
operating mode of REF 542plus. The different operating modes discipline the
access to the primary objects by the different REF 542plus interfaces (HMI and
SCADA). When required, a Super User key to access both modes can be

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

provided. The Super User key is also needed to access the commissioning test
mode. The password codes stored in the key can be customized in each
REF 542plus for access restriction purposes.
* SLD view: this is the graphical part of the LCD. This part shows the single line
diagram of the switchgear. The status of the primary objects is dynamically
updated after every operation. If for example the circuit breaker has been opened,
its representation will reflect it.

3.2. Info and Menu area

The right side of the HMI LCD is for information and menu browsing. The buttons
to navigate through the menus and to change items are placed on this area.

A051333

Fig. 3.2.-1 Info and Menu area

* Menu Navigation: these push buttons allow navigation trough the REF 542plus
menus.

Pressing this button, the unit goes back to the former menu.

The up direction push button.

The down direction push button.

The enter push button to enter into the selected menu or to select the
highlighted submenu.

The following menus are available in the main window:

* Commands: this menu shows the configured FUPLA commands.
* E-Key status: to display and change the unit modes with the electronic keys.
* Alarms: it displays the indication LED’s status.
* Measurements: it displays the available measurements.
* Resets: to acknowledge alarms and other quantities.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

* Events: to display protection starts and trips events.

* Protection: it displays the protection functions installed in the unit, and allows
displaying and changing their settings.
* Control: it displays the control functions list installed in the unit and allows
displaying and changing their settings.
* Service: relevant information on the HW and SW configurations and basic
setting of REF 542plus.
* Tests: to access the test mode for the HMI and the primary objects.

Access to a few submenus is allowed only in some modes.

* LED bars: The three LED bars are available to show the most relevant
measurements acquired by REF 542plus for a quick inspection of the switchgear
load situation. The three bars are marked M1, M2, and M3. Each bar is
composed of twelve LEDs, ten green and two red ones. The ten green LEDs are
normally dedicated to display between 0% and 100% of the nominal value of the
configured measurement. Each LED corresponding then to 10% of the nominal
value. The two red LEDs indicate an overload condition of 20%. The
measurements displayed by the bars are set with the Operating Tool.
* Indication LEDs: 8 freely programmable, three-color LEDs are available for
indications. There are 4 pages of these LEDs. As a result, a total of 32 indication
options can be programmed for events and status regarding protection, control,
monitoring, binary inputs and so on. The assignment of the LED to a specific
condition is done with the Operating Tool.
* Infrared (IrDa) interface: This is the IrDa serial interface port to connect
REF 542plus to a personal computer. By using the appropriate cable and the
Operating Tool, the following actions are possible:
* Download a configuration into the unit.
* Upload the current configuration from the unit.
* After a fault, upload the fault recorder data. This is possible only if the fault
recorder has been previously enabled with the Operating Tool.

Upload other information (measurements, binary inputs status, binary output status).

Do not make any changes to the REF 542plus configuration unless you
are familiar with REF 542plus and the Operating Tool. This might
result in malfunction and loss of warranty.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

3.3. REF 542plus status information area

A051338

Fig. 3.3.-1 Status Information area

1 Ready: Operation status of the unit
2 IBB Error: Network communication status
3 Alarm: Indication according to the programmed alarm condition
4 Interlocking: Indication for inadmissible control action
The HMI shows the following status information:
* Ready. This green LED is turned on when the unit is in the operational state. The
LED is switched off when the auxiliary power is not present or when the unit is
not operational (FUPLA is not running).
* IBB(interbaybus) Error. This LED is meaningful only when the REF 542plus is
equipped with a communication module. When the configured communication
module is detected the LED turns on to green. If the module is not detected or
fails, the LED turns red. When a Modbus communication module is installed, the
LED becomes orange if the communication error rate increases. It becomes red
when the communication error rate prevents good communication. The LED
comes back to green when no communication errors occur or by resetting the
module status registers (see the Modbus technical reference). When there is no
communication module, the LED is always switched off.
* Alarm: this LED turns to red when the user defined alarms become true.
Several arbitrary alarm conditions can be defined and configured with the
Operating Tool. Alarm conditions could be the trip of a protection function,
loss of SF6 in the circuit breaker and so on. When this LED is on, it is not
possible to close the circuit breaker or to download a new configuration. The
alarm must be acknowledged first.
* Interlocking Error: this LED is usually green. It turns temporarily to red when
the user attempts an operation that would violate the programmed
interlocking conditions; for example switching a disconnector with the circuit
breaker in closed position.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

4. Behavior at power up

Before energizing the switchgear, verify that the REF 542plus

protection functions are properly set and that the unit is properly
working (READY LED green).

At power up, the HMI unit shows on the LCD for a few seconds the following:

A051339

Fig. 4.-1 REF 542plus LCD during power up

After that, the LCD left part shows the switchgear single diagram while the right
part shows the default menu. When the initialization is completed and the unit is
operational, the ready LED is on.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

5. Changing the language displayed

The international HMI version V5 can support up to two different languages. The
first one can be used to display the local language. Due to the high QVGA
resolution, it is possible to display, for example, Chinese on the HMI. Then the
second language becomes English. If no local language is defined, the language
used is always English, which is the default one.

A060408

Fig. 5.-1 Display of Chinese as first language

The following Fig. 5.-2 shows how to change the active language on the HMI. The
prerequisite is that there is a local language defined. Do as follows:
* Go to the main menu by pressing MENU .
* Press UP and DOWN simultaneously to get to the Language page.
* Press ENTER to execute the language change.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

A060409

Fig. 5.-2 Changing the language displayed on the HMI

The former HMI of the REF 542plus (HMI Version V4) can still be
applied together with the base unit having the new firmware of release
2.5. provided the firmware of the HMI is upgraded accordingly. After
upgrading the firmware the HMI V4 behaves almost the same as the
new international HMI V5. Due to the low resolution of the LCD on
the former HMI, the displaying certain languages, such as Chinese, is
not possible. Other languages, such as Russian with cyrillic characters,
can be used as the first language.

Starting from release 2.5 SP1, an optional Ethernet module for the
IEC 61850 communication protocol can be applied. Therefore, new
menu items appear on the HMI display. Because of the limitation of the
existing memory, the use of the HMI version V4 is not reasonable and
it is not recommended anymore.

The design of the new international HMI V5 has been improved by

extending the existing memory on the related mainboard. The
information files for both languages are stored on the HMI after the
download of the configuration file by the operating tool. The display of
the language file is immediately available after the language change. In
case of HMI V4 the language files are stored in the base unit. If the

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

display shall be changed, the relating language file must first be

uploaded. After reset of the LCD the requested language will be
displayed.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

6. Control modes
6.1. Available control modes

Local Control

It is possible to control the circuit breaker and other primary objects from the HMI
using the object control buttons. Open and close operations are possible only if the
interlocking logic programmed into the unit allow them. Remote control from the
SCADA is inhibited. Uploading and downloading the configuration via the optical
interface is possible.

Remote Control

The control of the circuit breaker and other primary objects from the HMI is
inhibited. The control is possible only remotely. Uploading and downloading the
configuration via the optical interface is possible.

No Control

It is not possible to control the circuit breaker and other primary objects both from
the HMI and remotely. Any kind of operation apart from the protection trip is
inhibited. Uploading and downloading the configuration via the optical interface is
possible.

Local and Remote Control

Both the local control and remote control from HMI are possible. Uploading and
downloading the configuration via the optical interface is possible.

The selection of this control mode requires caution, because operations

are allowed both from the HMI and remotely.

6.2. Changing the control modes

The next figure shows how to change the control mode. At first the menu E-Key
must be selected. Then the control key must be placed in the electronic key sensor.

Select then the desired control mode by using UP and DOWN until it is
highlighted. Confirm the selection by pressing ENTER . After pressing ENTER
, the E-key status menu will appear again. Verify that the required control mode
has been properly set in the unit looking in the lower left corner of the HMI. A text
string there indicates the currently selected control and protection mode.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

A051340

Fig. 6.2.-1 Changing the control mode by using the control key

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

7. Operating the primary objects

The primary objects can be operated from the HMI when the selected control mode
is local or local and remote. The Object control push buttons allow operating the
primary objects.

Press to step through the available objects until the desired object is selected (it
will appear highlighted in the SLD). The object remains highlighted until the open
or close push button is pressed or the time-out has elapsed.

Press to open the selected object.

Press to close the selected object.

Only primary objects controlled directly by REF 542plus can be

selected. For example, REF 542plus will show the correct position of a
manual disconnect switch after an operation, but it will not be possible
to select it.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

8. Viewing and resetting alarms

8.1. Viewing alarms

The presence of an alarm, when latched, is indicated by the alarm LED turned on or
by one of the 8 x 4 pages user programmable LED’s turned on to red. The
conditions or the events that generate an alarm are defined and programmed with the
Operating Tool.

When an alarm is active, the corresponding LED is turned on to red. Select the
alarm menu with the navigation buttons. Then, this menu displays the text
associated to the alarm condition. The displayed text is defined with the Operating
Tool.

There are four pages of alarms and each page reports eight alarms at most. Use the
navigation button to browse through the pages.

A051341

Fig. 8.1.-1 Alarm visualization

8.2. Resetting alarms

At first, the reset menu must be selected. Select the reset menu with the navigation
buttons. Highlight the reset alarm line in the menu and then press ENTER .

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

Some alarms might not be reset before the cause that generated it has been removed.
For example, an alarm due to an error in the tripping circuit (coil supervision)
cannot be reset before the tripping coil is replaced. Whereas an alarm generated by a
trip of a protection function is normally reset with this procedure.

A051342

Fig. 8.2.-1 Resetting alarms

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

9. Viewing measurements
REF 542plus offers complete measurements set to the user. To view the
measurements, select the measurement menu with the navigation button. Use the UP
and DOWN buttons to browse the measurement pages.

The available measurements depend upon the unit configuration. In the maximum
configuration, the following measurements are displayed:
* IL1, IL2, IL3, in A; line currents, measured values
* U1E, U2E, U3E, in kV; phase to earth voltages, measured values
* UL12, UL23, UL31, in kV; phase-to-phase voltages, computed values.1)
* IL1 mean, IL2 mean, IL3 mean, in A; mean currents in the observation period,
computed values
* IL1 max, IL2 max, IL3 max, in A; maximum peak currents in the observation
period, computed values
* Frequency, in Hz; measured values
* Active power, in kW; reactive power in kVAr, apparent power in kVA, computed
values
* Power factor, computed value
* Active energy in MWh, reactive energy in Mvarh; computed values
* Operating hours, in hours. This is the total working hours of the unit
* Switch cycle, number the circuit breaker close-open cycles
* Added switched current, in kA; sum of the interrupted currents by the circuit
breaker
* THD (total harmonic distortion)

The observation period is set with the Operating Tool. It can be from 0
minutes up to 30 minutes. If the observation period is set to 0, the
corresponding measurements are disabled.

The refresh time for the displayed measurements is about half second.

1)
REF 542plus can also use phase-to-phase voltage transformers. When used,
phase-to-phase voltages are measured and phase to earth voltages are computed.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

A051343

Fig. 9.-1 Measurements visualization

The available measurements depend upon the analogue input module

type and the unit configuration.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

10. Viewing events

REF 542plus records the last 30 protection events (start, trips, block and other). This
internal memory is managed as a circular buffer, for example the 31st event
overwrites the 1st oldest one. In case of a power loss, events are kept because they
are stored in the non-volatile memory.

For each event, the following information is recorded: involved protection function,
event type, relevant measurement (current, voltage, frequency), date and time (up to
milliseconds). Events are displayed using the full screen; the single line diagram is
thus not visible.

A051344

Fig. 10.-1 Events display

To display the protection events, select the Start/Trip menu with the navigation
buttons. Use UP and DOWN to browse through the events.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

11. Viewing and changing the protection settings

11.1. Viewing the protection settings

The protection functions currently installed in the unit can be seen in the menu
protection functions. Select the menu protection functions with the navigation push
buttons.

A051345

Fig. 11.1.-1 Viewing the installed protection functions

Use UP and DOWN to highlight the desired protection function and press
ENTER . Then, the protection parameters will be displayed in one or more
pages.

11.2. Changing the protection settings

11.2.1. Changing the protection key mode

Two different modes are available for the protection functions:

* Set: It is possible both to visualize and to change the protection settings.
* Operational: It is possible to visualize the protection settings but it is not possible
to modify them.

In both modes, the protection functions are active.

In the operational mode, parameterization of the protection functions is also possible

by a SCADA when present. In the set mode, parameterization from a SCADA is
inhibited.

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Multifunction Protection and Switchgear Control Unit
Operator's manual

The procedure to change the protection mode is identical to changing the control
mode. At first, the menu E-Key must be selected. Then the protection key must be
placed in the electronic key sensor. Select then the required protection mode by
using UP and DOWN until it is highlighted. Confirm the selection by
pressing ENTER . After having pressed ENTER push button, the E-key
status menu will appear again. Verify that the required protection mode has been
properly set in the unit, looking in the HMI lower left corner.

A051346

Fig. 11.2.1.-1 Changing the protection mode by using the protection key

11.2.2. Changing the protection parameters

Select the menu protection functions with the navigation push buttons and highlight
the desired protection function. Press ENTER to select it. Press ENTER
again and the cursor will automatically go to the first parameter. Use Up or
Down buttons to modify the parameter as wished. After completed, press
ENTER and use Up and Down button to select the next parameter to
change.

Repeat the procedure for all the parameters that need to be modified. Then press
to go back to the list of currently installed protection functions. Repeat the
procedure for every protection function that needs to have the setting modified.

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A051347

Fig. 11.2.2.-1 Changing protection parameters

Press again to leave the protection functions menu. The unit will then ask what
to do with the changes:

The following screen will appear:

A051348

Fig. 11.2.2.-2 Unit right screen after protection parameters modification

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Select the desired choice with Up or Down and then press ENTER to
confirm it. The meaning of the choices is as follows:

Store permanently: The new parameters are stored in the unit internal memory. They
will be used immediately and for all the next starts.

Save temporarily: The new parameters are used immediately but are not saved in the
unit internal memory. Next starts will use the old parameters.

Discard changes: The new parameters are discarded. There are no effects.

Do not switch off the Base Unit power supply during parameter
storing. The whole unit configuration might be corrupted and a new
configuration download might be necessary.

11.2.3. Changing the active parameter set

Most of the protection functions have two different parameter sets to cope with
different plant situations. This menu allows seeing and changing the active
parameter set.

Changing the active parameter set is possible only with the protection in the set
mode.

Select the active set page menu and press ENTER to make the change.

A051349

Fig. 11.2.3.-1 Changing the protection active parameter set

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11.2.4. Viewing and changing control parameters

Select the Control menu with the navigation push buttons and highlight the desired
control function. Press ENTER to select it. Press again and the cursor will
automatically go to the first control parameter. Use the Up or Down button
to modify the parameter as wished. After the modification, press and use Up
Down to select the next parameter to change.

Repeat the procedure for all the parameters that need to be modified. Then press
to go back to the list of currently installed protection functions. Repeat the
procedure for every control function that needs to have the setting modified.

A051350

Fig. 11.2.4.-1 Control parameters page

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12. Setting the time and date

During commissioning, the internal time and date of the unit should be set to the
current values. There are a few differences according to the unit configuration.

Standalone unit: The internal time of the unit has to be set to the current value. To do
it, select the service menu and then the MC time submenu with the navigation
buttons.

A051351

Fig. 12.-1 Setting the time

The time is edited by using UP , DOWN and then ENTER to confirm.

The complete date and time must be inserted: year, month, day, hour, minutes and
seconds.

Unit connected to a master clock:

* When the unit is connected via IRIG-B to a master clock, only the year can be
set. The clock typically receives its signal from a GPS and sends it to the main
module by an optical connection. The remaining part of the date and time is
received from the master clock.
* When the unit is connected via SNTP to a master clock, a clock which typically
receives its signal from a GPS and makes it available to the main module or
Ethernet module via the Ethernet interface, the setting of the time and date form
the HMI is inhibited.

Unit connected to a SCADA system:

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Usually, the SCADA transmits to the unit the time and date according to the used
protocol services. There are some differences depending on the used protocol.
* IEC 60870–5–103 protocol: The IEC 60870–5–103 module is the time master.
Setting the time and date from the HMI is inhibited.
* LON LAG 1.4 protocol: The LON module is the time master. Setting the time
and date from the HMI is inhibited.
* SPA bus and MODBUS protocol: usually, the SCADA sets the time and date,
and setting the time and date from the HMI is inhibited.

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13. Command page

From this page, it is possible to access the HMI command objects configured in the
application software of REF 542plus. For more information on these objects, refer
to Operating Tool user manual.

A051352

Fig. 13.-1 Command page

By selecting the desired command and pressing ENTER the command is

executed.

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14. REF 542plus commissioning mode

The commissioning test mode allows accessing all the digital and analogue inputs
and outputs of REF 542plus. This mode is independent of the REF 542plus
application. This working mode has been designed to make easier the wiring
verification.

The super user key is required to enter this mode.

Entering this mode STOPS the execution of the protection and control
functions. The application software is not running. However, it is not
deleted from the permanent memory of the unit. The commissioning
test mode should be entered when the switchgear is de-energized and
in a safe state.

To switch on this mode the following actions have to be performed in sequence.

* Switch off the REF 542plus Base Unit.
* Place the super user key on the e-key sensor and keep it contacted.
* Switch on the Base Unit.

When the Base Unit starts the e-key is detected. The commissioning mode is
entered. Verify this reading on the start-up status line “COMMISSIONING
MODE”. When this text is visible, the e-key can be unplugged from the e-key
sensor.

This mode allows driving directly the binary outputs of the Base Unit.
If they are connected to primary objects, operations are thus possible.
The interlocking functions are disabled. Before accessing this mode,
put the switchgear in safe conditions.

When entering the commissioning mode, the following screen is displayed.

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A051353

Fig. 14.-1 Commissioning mode display

14.1. Binary input commissioning page

This page displays the current status of the binary input channels on the binary IO
modules. There are 14 binary inputs per module available. For the binary inputs
numbering see Section 19.2. Binary inputs and outputs.

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Binary input
Channel number: x-yy. Where x addresses the binary IO slot, yy is the binary input
number. 1 means X20 slot and so forth.
Values: 0 → input is not active. Applied voltage is below the activation
threshold.
1 → input is active. Applied voltage is above the activation
threshold.

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Operator's manual

A051354

Fig. 14.1.-1 Binary inputs commissioning page

14.2. Binary output commissioning page

On this page, it is possible to force the status of the binary outputs. All the outputs
can be driven with the exception of the watchdog.

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Binary output
Channel number: x-yy. Where x addresses the binary IO slot, yy is the binary output
number. 1 identifies the X21 connector and so forth.
Values: 0 → output is opened. The relay is not energized.
1 → output is closed. The relay is energized. Normally opened
contacts are closed.

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A051355

Fig. 14.2.-1 Binary outputs commissioning page

14.3. Analog input commissioning page

This page shows the analog measurements acquired by the analog input module.
The shown values are independent on the rated primary current or voltage of the
primary sensors. The measurements are reported in absolute values taking into
consideration as nominal values of the secondary windings 1 Amp and 100 V. If the
5 Amp current inputs are connected applying the nominal rated current, it will be
shown 1 A.

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Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Analog input
Channel number: x, where x addresses the analog input channel.
Values: CT (1-5 A) → Rated secondary current related to the current input.
CT (0,2 A) → Rated secondary current.
VT (100 V) → Rated secondary voltage (Volt).
Sensor → Voltage output of the sensor (Volt).

A051356

Fig. 14.3.-1 Analog inputs commissioning page for the 3CT, 3VT, 1VT, 1CT module

With sensor inputs, the displayed values are the voltages read by the analog
channels. For example, by using the voltage divider 10.000/1 applying 20 kV on the
sensor, the measurement will show 2 Volt. For the current sensor 80 A/150 mV,
applying 80 Amp on the sensor the measure will be 0.150 Volt.

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A051357

Fig. 14.3.-2 Analog inputs commissioning page for the 6 sensor module connected to 3
voltage divider and 3 Rogowski coils

14.4. Analog output 4- 20 mA commissioning page

This page allows setting the value of the analog channels in the 4-20 mA module.

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Analog Output
Channel number: x. Where x addresses the analog output channel.
Values: 0/4 mA to 20 mA, step 1 mA. The value can be set with UP ,
DOWN .

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A051358

Fig. 14.4.-1 A 4-20 mA analog outputs commissioning page

14.5. Analog input 4-20 mA commissioning page

From this page, it is possible to read the analog measurements of the Analog Input
4-20 mA module. The shown measurements will be depending on the connected
sensor type. In case of a general 4-20 mA sensor, the value of the applied current to
the channel is displayed. In case of a SF6 Trafag sensor, the density and the
temperature are displayed.

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Operator's manual

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: General 4-20 mA sensor → General sensor
Trafag → Density, Temperature
Channel number: x. Where x addresses the analog input channel.
Values: General Sensor → 4-20 mA, for Trafag the density and the
temperature.

A051359

Fig. 14.5.-1 4-20 mA analog inputs commissioning page

14.6. Optical inputs commissioning page

This page displays the status of the optical inputs on the main module. This mode is
available only with main modules equipped with the optical inputs
(1VCF751021R0803, X74 only and 1VCF751021R0801 for all).

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Optical Input
Channel number: x. Where x addresses the optical Input channel.
1: X74 (time synch input)
2: X75
3: X76
Values: 0: Optical input is off (no light is present).
1: Optical input is on (light is present).

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A051360

Fig. 14.6.-1 Optical inputs commissioning page

14.7. Optical output commissioning page

This page allows driving the optical output on the main module (only type
1VCF751021R801).

Line description: “Channel descriptor” “Channel number “: “Values”

Channel descriptor: Optical output
Channel number: x. Where x addresses the optical output channel.
Values: 0: Optical output is off (light not present).
1: Optical output is on (light present).

The value can be selected with UP , DOWN .

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Operator's manual

A051361

Fig. 14.7.-1 Optical output commissioning page

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15. Connection to PC
15.1. Infrared (IrDa) to RS232 converter cable

A special cable with an optical infrared (IrDa) interface is needed to connect

REF 542plus to a serial port of a PC. This cable is available from ABB.

Fig. 15.1.-1 REF 542plus serial cable with optical infrared (IrDa) interface

A060412

Fig. 15.1.-2 Interface on the HMI for the serial cable with optical infrared (IrDa)

15.2. Null-modem cable

If there is no HMI applied or a direct connection to the base unit is preferred, a

standard null-modem cable can be used to connect the base unit via the so called RS
232 service interface (X72) to the PC.

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15.3. Ethernet TCP/IP cable

A standard Ethernet cable can be used to connect the base unit via the TCP/IP port
interface to the PC.

15.4. Downloading a configuration

When the connection is set up with the appropriate cable, it is possible to download
the configuration into REF 542plus with the Operating Tool. Connect the infrared
(IrDa) converter to the foreseen connector on the HMI and the D-sub connector to
the PC or connect the base unit to the TCP/IP port of the PC with an Ethernet cable.
Start Operating Tool on the PC and configure the serial port or the TCP/IP port to be
used inside the program.

A100790

Fig. 15.4.-1 Operating Tool's transfer menu

15.5. PC communication properties

REF 542plus Configuration Tool is able to configure the REF 542plus device
connected via a serial port RS232 or an Ethernet TCP/IP port. To configure the
communication port (serial RS232 or TCP/IP) of the computer to be used to transmit
the configuration for the application, the corresponding applicable dialog must be
edited. After starting the Configuration Tool software, open Main menu > Connect
> Port configuration. The opening dialog window has three tabs.

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Operator's manual

A100570

Fig. 15.5.-1 PC communication properties

On the first tab it is possible to select the communication port. The other two tabs
are for configuring the serial port and TCP/IP settings.

General tab

The first tab is used to select the type of connection of REF 542plus to the PC. The
connection can be Serial or TCP/IP. The type of communication must be selected
before configuring it in the other tabs of the window. A section with a description of
all the current settings regarding both serial port and the TCP/IP port is also
provided.

If a serial port or a TCP/IP port is not available, the serial or TCP/IP

port configuration tabs are not displayed. In the General tab, an empty
value is displayed instead.

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A100572

Fig. 15.5.-2 TCP/IP port disabled

15.5.1. Serial port settings

To configure the serial port (RS232) of the computer, the applicable Serial tab must
be activated.

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A100574

Fig. 15.5.1.-1 Serial port properties

The tab has five option fields where the settings for the computer serial port can be
made.

Select the COM port where the RS232/Infrared (IrDa) cable or RS232 null-modem
cable is plugged in.

Apply the following settings:

Application with the new international HMI V5 or connection with a null-modem

cable directly to the base unit:

Baud rate 115,200

Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Parity None

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Baud rate 19,200

Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Parity Even

After the download of the configuration file by using the service or the
debug port, press ENTER to end the download process.

Base Unit slave address: This number can be from 1 to 254. When several Base
Units are connected to the same HMI, this number uniquely identifies the Base Unit.
The default address is 99. To configure or change the Base Unit slave address, there
are two methods:
* Open the application file with the Operating Tool and change it in the hardware
settings.

A051365

Fig. 15.5.1.-2 Changing the Base Unit address

* Via the HMI menu > Service page > Communication > HMI PORT

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A051366

Fig. 15.5.1.-3 Changing the Base Unit address from the HMI

Please note:

When the ALARM LED is on, the download is inhibited.

The configuration download starts as soon as the relevant push button on the
Operating Tool is clicked.

The previous configuration inside REF 542plus is destroyed and overwritten by the
new one.

REF 542plus is fully operational during the download. After the download,
REF 542plus starts to write the new configuration in the non-volatile with a low
priority task in background. This task might take several seconds.

Do not switch off Base Unit power supply during the storing. The
whole unit configuration might be corrupted and a new configuration
download might be necessary.

The download is possible in all control modes, provided the status of the protection
is switched by the corresponding electronic key in operational mode.

Communication to the SCADA system is operational during the download.

After the download, REF 542plus automatically starts with the new configuration.

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When the download is completed, the unit may change the operational
status of the output relays due to the new logic configured in the
application file. It is strongly recommended to put the switchgear in
safe conditions before performing the download.

15.5.2. TCP/IP port settings

To configure the TCP/IP port of the computer to be used to transmit the

configuration file of the application, the applicable TCP/IP tab must be edited. In
this tab it is also possible to set the IP address of the REF 542plus unit involved in
the TCP/IP communication.

A100576

Fig. 15.5.2.-1 TCP/IP port properties

The "Remote device" section allows setting the IP address of the REF 542plus unit
involved in a direct communication with Configuration Tool.

The "Local Network Properties" section shows a list of the Ethernet adapters
currently installed in the PC. Once an Ethernet adapter is selected, the related TCP/
IP parameters are shown as read-only:

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* Mac address
* Type of connection (static or DHCP)
* IP address
* Subnet mask
* Default gateway

Both the REF 542plus unit and the PC must be connected to the same
network.

To adjust the IP parameters of the PC Ethernet adapter so that it is in the same

subnet or in general to modify other TCP/IP parameters, a utility is provided in the
TCP/IP settings tab.

To change the parameters of a PC Ethernet adapter:

* select the adapter from the list
* select "Change network configuration settings"
The Change Settings button becomes available.

A100578

Fig. 15.5.2.-2 Enabling PC for TCP/IP change

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* Click Change Settings to open the TCP/IP dialog window to enter the new
settings.

A100580

Fig. 15.5.2.-3 Changing the TCP/IP settings of the PC

If the new parameters are correct, the Save Settings button becomes available.
* Click Save Settings to start the renewing of the PC Ethernet card.

The settings can be changed also outside Configuration Tool.

* From Control Panel > Network Connections, select the Ethernet adapter whose
parameters need to be modified.
* Click Properties and select from the list "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)."

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A100582

Fig. 15.5.2.-4 Changing the PC TCP/IP settings and properties from Control Panel

* Click Internet Protocol to open a dialog window that allows making changes to
the TCP/IP parameters.

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A100584

Fig. 15.5.2.-5 Internet Protocol properties

The PC Ethernet port is configured to communicate with the address

192.168.2.234 and with the subnet 255.255.255.0. The subnet value must match
the subnet value set in the REF 542plus unit, while only the first three digits of
the IP address must match the ones of the REF 542plus unit with the fourth digit
being different. After that, it is possible to verify a remote connection with a ping
command.

15.6. Uploading the configuration

With the Operating Tool, it is possible to upload the current configuration inside
REF 542plus. Set the Operating Tool and the PC as for the download and click the
menu Transfer/load from REF 542plus.

Please note:

The uploaded configuration overwrites the current one inside the Operating Tool.

The upload is possible in all control modes and does not affect the functioning of the
unit.

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15.7. Uploading other information

With the Operating Tool, other information can be uploaded from REF 542plus.
Different data can be uploaded:
* The fault recorder file
* The binary input status
* The binary output status
* The measurements
* The software version
All this data is accessible with the Operating Tool from the transfer menu. Refer to
the Operating Tool manual for more details.

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16. Troubleshooting
16.1. Error messages

Base Unit not responding, communication corrupted or wrong

slave address

When the HMI is not able to communicate with the Base Unit, the following
information appears on the LCD:

A051367 2

Fig. 16.1.-1 HMI is not able to communicate with the Base Unit

Solution:

Check that the Base Unit is powered and regularly working. Look at the status LED
on the connector panel (Slot X7).

The LED close to the analog inputs is related to the watchdog. When the Base Units
is working this LED is on with a weak light.

The other LED is related to the communication with the HMI. When the
communication is properly working, this LED is blinking. When the communication
is not working, the LED can be either ON or OFF. It depends on when the
communication is interrupted.

Check that the connection cable between the HMI and the Base Unit is inserted both
in the HMI and in the Base Unit (Base Unit connector X73 and HMI connector
X20) and properly tighten.

Check the slave address of the connected Base Unit to be polled. The address is
configured in the application file. If you do not know you can enter the following
page by pressing ENTER.

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Power Up Operations

After pressing the key the Power Up Operation menu is shown as in the
following Fig. 16.1.-2.

A051437 2

Fig. 16.1.-2 Menu for Power Up Operations for HMI V5

If the older version of the HMI V4 is used, the menu of the Power Up
Operations is slightly different in accordance to the menu in the former
release 2.0. The menu is as shown in the following Fig. 16.1.-3.

A060410

Fig. 16.1.-3 Menu for Power Up Operations for HMI V4

Select HMI <-> Base Unit address scanning menu item and press ENTER.

The HMI will start polling all the addresses to find the connected Base Units. When
a unit is found, its address and the feeder name are reported.

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A051438 2

Fig. 16.1.-4 HMI is polling the Base unit addresses

Select the HMI <-> Base Unit address to change the address to be polled.

A051439 2

Fig. 16.1.-5 Changing the Base Unit address to be polled.

HMI Self Test

Only with the older version of the HMI V4, the HMI can be tested
without connection to the base unit. The test must be done by using the
foreseen menu item on the Power Up Operations. The HMI V5 must
only be tested in connection to the base unit and by using the related
test menu after reaching the ready status.

Press ENTER to start the test for the HMI.

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A051440 2

Fig. 16.1.-6 HMI test page

Base Unit not configured

REF 542plus is without configuration when the following message appears:

A051441 2

Fig. 16.1.-7 REF 542plus without configuration

Solution:

Download the configuration into the unit by using the serial cable and the Operating
Tool.

Configuration not loaded

The following message appears when the downloaded configuration has not been
saved inside the unit due to an internal error.

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A051442 2

Fig. 16.1.-8 REF 542plus configuration is not stored in the unit internal memory

Solution:

Try to download the configuration again. If after two or three attempts the error
remains, contact ABB.

Wrong configuration

The following message appears when a not correct configuration has been
downloaded in the Base Unit. This message can also appear when the configuration
contains protection functions that exceed the unit functionality level.

A051443 2

Fig. 16.1.-9 REF 542plus with wrong configuration

The WRONG CONFIGURATION can also be caused by other reasons. The error
handling will be described in Appendix D, where the Self Supervision is explained.

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* WRONG COM CONFIG Invalid file format

* WRONG TCP-IP CONFIG Invalid TCP-IP configuration or version not compatible
* WRONG MODTCP CONFIG Invalid MODTCP configuration or version not
compatible
* WRONG WEBREF CONFIG Invalid WEBREF configuration or version not
compatible
* WRONG SMS CONFIG Invalid SMS configuration or version not compatible
* WRONG COMBOARD CONF Invalid COM board configuration
* WRONG COMBOARD TYPE COM board configured does not match with the one
detected
* WRONG COMBOARD VERS COM board configuration version does not match with
the one handled by the installed COM board
* COMBOARD NOT INSTALL COM board configured but not installed. It is physical
check on DPM presence.
*
COMBOARD NOT DETECT COM board configured but not detected or the COM is
present but it doesn't work properly
* COMBOARD NOT CONFIG COM board detected but it has not been configured

For any other error message, contact ABB.

16.2. Clearing the configuration inside the unit

In some cases, there might be the need to delete the configuration stored inside the
REF 542plus. For example, when the RED alarm is on, it is not possible to
download a new configuration inside REF 542plus. The following procedure deletes
the configuration inside REF 542plus:
* Switch off the Base Unit power supply (disconnect the X10 connector from the
Base Unit).
* Press simultaneously the UP and DOWN buttons on the HMI and keep
them pressed.
* Switch on the Base Unit again.

After this procedure, REF 542plus is without configuration. Download a new

configuration in the unit.

This procedure deletes the configuration stored inside REF 542plus.

The configuration cannot be recovered. Upload the configuration and
save it before deleting it from the unit.

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16.3. Primary objects incorrect visualization

The primary object status is usually acquired by REF 542plus with two distinct
contacts: one that is closed when the object is closed and another that is opened.
When the object is opened, the same two contacts with two different positions are
needed.

The primary object is visualized in open position with a dotted line when both
contacts are opened (REF 542plus has no voltage at both contact inputs).

A051444

Fig. 16.3.-1 REF 542plus has no voltage at both inputs indicating the primary object
position

The primary object is visualized both in open and closed positions when both
contacts are closed (REF 542plus has voltage at both its contact inputs).

A051445

Fig. 16.3.-2 REF 542plus has voltage at both inputs indicating the primary object
position

Solution:

Check the wiring of the primary object. Verify that REF 542plus connectors are
properly inserted and tightened.

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Note: When the primary object in such an undefined positions, issuing an open
command will activate the open coil on the circuit breaker. The open operation is
never blocked. The close operation with the object in the undefined position is
blocked. A close command will be discarded and will turn the interlocking error
LED on.

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17. Terminology

Term Description
Ethernet Physical communication network to transfer Internet data of
the REF 542plus to the PC and back.
Modbus By extension, communication board implementing the
Modbus protocol for REF 542plus.

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18. Abbreviations

Abbreviation Description
BIO Binary input and output board
CAN Controller area network
CB Circuit-breaker
CT Current transformer
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
FUPLA Function block programming language; Functional pro-
gramming language; Function plan; Function chart
GPS Global positioning system
HMI Human-machine interface
HW Hardware
IBB Interbaybus
ID Identifier; identification
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IP Internet protocol
LCD Liquid crystal display
LD Logical device
LED Light-emitting diode
LON Local operating network
MC Micro controller
PC Personal computer
RAM Random access memory
SCADA Supervision, control and data acquisition
SLD Single-line diagram
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SPA Data communication protocol developed by ABB
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
VT Voltage transformer

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19. Appendix A: Connection diagrams

The pictures below show the connections plate for REF 542plus both in the wide
and standard housing versions. The wide housing version can house three binary
input and output modules; the communication module, the analog output module or
alternatively the analog 4-20 mA input module. The standard housing version can
house at most two binary input and output modules and alternatively the
communication or the analog output module.

The connectors meaning is explained in the following.

Do not operate a switchgear unless the REF542plus connections are

properly done and verified by an expert electrician and tightened.

A051446

Fig. 19.-1 REF 542plus wide housing connections plate with mixed analog input
connector

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A051447

Fig. 19.-2 REF 542plus standard housing connections plate with mixed analog input
connector

Table 19.-1 summarizes the connectors.

Table 19.-1 Connectors

Connector Meaning
X10 Base Unit power supply
X20 First BIO, input
X21 First BIO, output
X30 Second BIO, input
X31 Second BIO, output
X40 Third BIO, input
X41 Third BIO, output
X50 4-20 mA analog outputs, 4-20 mA analog inputs
X51 4-20 mA analog input RS 232 service interface
X52 4-20 mA analog CAN service interface
X60 Modbus RS 485, channel 2; COM L-COM I TX; SPABUS RX
X61 Modbus RS 485, channel 1; COM L-COM I RX; SPABUS TX
X62 Modbus optical, RX channel 1
X63 Modbus optical, TX channel 1
X64 Modbus optical, RX channel 2
X65 Modbus optical, TX channel 2
X66 Optical LC connector on the Ethernet module
X67 Optical LC connector on the Ethernet module
X68 Electrical RJ-45 connector on the Ethernet module
X69 Electrical RJ-45 connector on the Ethernet module
X70 Ethernet 10 Mb/s RJ-45
X71 CAN Open ISO11898 connector

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Connector Meaning
X72 Mainmodule RS232 service or debug interface
X73 HMI connection
X74 Time synch input
X75 HSTS Input
X76 HSTS Input
X77 HSTS Output
X80 Analog inputs
X81 Sensor 1
X82 Sensor 2
X83 Sensor 3
X84 Sensor 4
X85 Sensor 5
X86 Sensor 6
X87 Sensor 7
X88 Sensor 8

19.1. Analog Inputs

REF 542plus can have a maximum of 8 analog input channels. These inputs are
divided into three measurement groups:
* Measurement Group 1: channel 1, channel 2, channel 3
* Measurement Group 2: channel 4, channel 5, channel 6
* Measurement Group 3: channel 7, channel 8
Group 1 and group 2 have to be homogeneous, which means they can measure 3
currents or 3 voltages. For example, measurements of 1 current and 2 voltages are
not allowed.

Group 3 can get any type of signals: 2 currents, 2 voltages, 1 current and 1 voltage
and so on. Group 1 and group 2 can be used for homogeneous current or voltage
measurements both from instrument transformers and non-conventional sensors.
Group 3 can be used in a heterogeneous way.

Channel 7 and 8 in group 3 can be used for earth-fault current with CT type input;
residual voltage, or for the synchrocheck function with VT or sensor type input.

The input CT 0.2A is commonly used with a toroidal transformer for sensitive earth-
fault current measurement.

Instrument current transformers can have secondary windings ratio /1 A or /5 A. The

primary nominal current (for example 400 A) is selected with the Operating Tool.
The secondary current (for example /5 A) is automatically selected connecting the
right wire to the analog input module.

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The Rogowsky coil can be used for current sensing. The correct ratio of the
Rogowsky coil is selected with the Operating Tool. The resistive divider can be used
for voltage sensing. The ratio is selected with the Operating Tool. The physical input
on the unit is the same both for voltage and current sensing, the selection is done via
the Operating Tool. Therefore, it is possible for example to use 6 Rogowsky coils, 6
voltage dividers, or 3 Rogowsky coils and 3 voltage dividers.

To detect which analog input module is present inside the unit, look in the
identification label stick on the unit itself, or on the HMI service page under the HW
identification submenu.

A051450

Fig. 19.1.-1 Connector for sensors analog input module

The analog input for sensor is the same both for voltage and current sensing. To find
out whether an input is for current or for voltage, the Operating Tool is needed. X81
corresponds to analog input 1 (sensor 1 in the Operating Tool), X82 to analog input
2 (sensor 2 in the Operating Tool) and so forth.

A051451

Fig. 19.1.-2 Connector for conventional instrument transformers

The connector for conventional instrument transformer has twenty-four pins. The
following Table 19.1.-1 defines which input is connected to what:

Table 19.1.-1 Connection table for conventional instrument transformers

VT (100-110/) CT (1-5A) CT (0.2A)
1 T5/B T5/2
2 T3/B T3/2
3 T1/B T1/2
4 T8/B T8/2 T8/A
5 T5/R T5/1
6 T3/R T3/3
7 T1/3
8 T8/R T8/3 T8/B
9 T5/3
10 T3/1
11 T1/R T1/1

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12 T8/1
13 T4/3
14 T2/B T2/2
15 T6/3
16 T7/B T7/2 T7/A
17 T4/B T4/2
18 T2/3
19 T6/B T6/2
20 T7/R T7/3 T7/B
21 T4/R T4/1
22 T2/R T2/1
23 T6/R T6/1
24 T7/1

B: Black wire for voltage transformer.

R: Red wire for voltage transformer.

1: 1 A input for current transformer.

2: Common input for current transformer.

3: 5 A input for current transformer.

Example:

To determine the pins for the analog input module 1VCF750170R0817: 3CTs,
3VTs, 1CTs; used with transformers with 1 A on the secondary windings.

The following connection must be done:

Analog input 1; the current transformer for phase 1 must be connected on pins 11
and 3 (common).

Analog input 2; the current transformer for phase 2 must be connected on pins 22
and 14 (common).

Analog input 3; the current transformer for phase 3 must be connected on pins 10
and 2 (common).

Analog input 4; the voltage transformer for phase 1 to earth must be connected on
pins 21 and 17.

Analog input 5; the voltage transformer for phase 2 to earth must be connected on
pins 5 and 1.

Analog input 6; the voltage transformer for phase 3 to earth must be connected on
pins 23 and 19.

Analog input 7, for the toroidal transformer for the residual current must be
connected on pins 24 and 16 (common).

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A051453

Fig. 19.1.-3 Connector for mixed analog input module

The picture above shows the connector for the mixed analog input module when
both sensors and conventional instrument transformers are used. To find out which
connector is used for what, identify the module code from the identification label
stick on the unit and see Table 19.1.-1.

19.2. Binary inputs and outputs

Binary input and output modules use the following connectors:

X20 (inputs), X21 (outputs) for the first module.

X30 (inputs), X31 (outputs) for the second module.

X40 (inputs), X41 (outputs) for the third module, available with the wide housing
only.

REF 542plus can be equipped with two different types of binary inputs and outputs
modules: static or with electromechanical relays.

19.2.1. Static

In the static module, digital inputs are implemented with optocouplers and digital
outputs are implemented with power transistors. Two different module types are
available, with control coil continuity and without.

Each module features: 14 digital inputs, 3 power outputs, 4 normal outputs, 2 signal
outputs, 1 watchdog output and optionally 2 coil supervision circuits. For more
information, refer to the REF 542plus Technical Reference Manual.

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A051454 2

Fig. 19.2.1.-1 Two static binary input and output modules with and without coil
continuity check

19.2.2. Electromechanical

In the electromechanical module, digital inputs are implemented with optocouplers

and digital outputs are implemented with electromechanical relays.

REF 542plus can be equipped with electromechanical module type BIO3.

19.2.2.1. BIO3

Twelve different types of BIO3 are available depending upon the supply voltage and
other features.

Table 19.2.2.1.-1 BIO3 types and codes

BIO3 Code Description
1VCF750132R0801 Binary I/O3 - 19..72 V DC/ 14 V DC Standard
1VCF750132R0803 Binary I/O3 - 19..72 V DC/ 14 V DC Standard with
Static Channel
1VCF750161R0801 Binary I/O3 - 19..72 V DC/ 14 V DC Standard with
interconnected '-' on inputs
1VCF750161R0803 Binary I/O3 - 19..72 V DC/ 14 V DC with Static
Channel and with interconnected '-' on inputs
1VCF750132R0802 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 50 V DC Standard

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BIO3 Code Description

1VCF750132R0804 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 50 V DC Standard with
Static Channel
1VCF750161R0802 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 50 V DC Standard with
interconnected '-' on inputs
1VCF750161R0804 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 50 V DC Standard with
Static Channel and with interconnected '-' on inputs
1VCF750132R0805 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 72 V DC Standard
1VCF750132R0806 Binary I/O3 - 88..132 V DC/ 72 V DC Standard with
Static Channel
1VCF750132R0807 Binary I/O3 - 176..264 V DC/ 143 V DC Standard
1VCF750132R0808 Binary I/O3 - 176..264 V DC/ 143 V DC Standard with
Static Channel

A051455

Fig. 19.2.2.1.-1 2 BIO3 modules with interconnected inputs and the static output

19.3. Other connections

19.3.1. Analog outputs 0/4-20 mA

The 4 analog outputs, when present, are available at connector X50 accordingly to
the following diagram (see Fig. 19.3.1.-1). The not used pins, including the
shielding of the cable are connected to ground.

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A051457

Fig. 19.3.1.-1 0/4-20 mA analog outputs (Version 2.x since 06/2006)

19.3.2. Analog inputs 4-20 mA

When present, the 4-20 mA analog input module uses connector X50. Sensor’s
connections are shown in Fig. 19.3.2.-1 X51 and X52 are service interfaces of no
use for the user. The output contact BO1 is for the future use.

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A051458

Fig. 19.3.2.-1 4-20 mA analog inputs

Only passive sensors, for example those that are powered from the loop
can be connected to the 4…20 mA analog input module.

19.3.3. Communication module

The communication module uses connectors from X60, X61, X62, X63, X64 and
X65 depending on the physical media type (RS 845, glass or plastic fiber).

19.3.4. Power supply

Power supply for the Base Unit is X10.

19.3.5. Time synchronization

The optical input for time synchronization is X74.

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19.3.6. HMI

A051459

Fig. 19.3.6.-1 HMI connectors

Fig. 19.3.6.-1 shows the back side of the HMI. The connector for the HMI power
supply is X10, which is located on the right-hand side of the Fig. 19.3.6.-1. The
serial cable for the connection to the base unit is to place on the other connector X20
on the left-hand side.

Respect the right polarity on the HMI power supply to avoid damages
to the unit.

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20. Appendix B: Menu structure

This chapter illustrates the HMI menu structure with the submenus not described in
the document.

To access the menu structure, press .

A051460

Fig. 20.-1 REF 542plus menu

The access to some submenus to change parameters or to reset indication depends

on the actual operating modes. The operating mode is set with two different
electronic keys. With the CONTROL key the following operation modes are
selectable:
* No Control
* Local
* Remote
* Local & Remote

With the PROTECTION key the following mode can be achieved:

* Set local
* Operational

20.1. Commands

The command in this submenu can be activated if the active mode is Local or Local
& Remote. In other modes the activation will be denied.

20.2. Reset page

From this page, it is possible to reset alarms and other quantities. Some reset actions
are possible only if REF 542plus is in the proper mode. The possibility of reset in
the different submenus is described in the following:

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Reset alarm: the LED's alarm indication can be reset in this submenu, independent
of the active mode

A051461

Fig. 20.2.-1 Attempt to resetting the fault recorder in the wrong mode

Select the quantity to reset with UP and DOWN and press ENTER to
execute.

A051462

Fig. 20.2.-2 Resetting a quantity in the proper mode

The quantities that can be reset are:

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Reset alarm: can only be reset, if there is no active alarm present anymore. An
attempt to reset an alarm caused for example by an interrupted open coil is
impossible as long as the coil is not replaced.

Reset max. values: this sub menu resets the maximum and mean current values in
the observation period. Also the sum of switched off current is reset from here.
Reset is only possible in Local or Local & Remote modes.

Reset energy values: all the energy values (active, reactive, apparent) are reset from
here. Reset is only possible in Local or Local & Remote modes.

Reset CB cycles: a circuit breaker cycle is a close operation and the subsequent open
operation. The unit sums the cycles. This cycle number is reset from here. Reset is
only possible in Local or Local & Remote modes.

Reset fault recorder: the fault recorder data is cleared from here. Reset is only
possible in Local or Set Local modes.

Reset events: the events are cleared from here, if the mode is in Set Local.

Reset counters: the unit working hours are reset from here. Reset is only possible in
Local or Local & Remote modes.

20.3. Protection

The parameter of the Protection submenus, Active set page and Protection, can only
be changed in mode Set Local by applying the protection electronic key.

20.4. Control

The parameter of the Control submenus can only be changed in mode Set Local by
applying the protection electronic key.

20.5. Test

The test of the primary object can only be performed in local mode.

20.6. Service page

The service page menu is composed of several submenus. Browse through the
submenus with UP and DOWN buttons. Press ENTER to enter the
selected submenu.

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A051463

Fig. 20.6.-1 Service page menu

The service page contains the following submenus.

20.6.1. Statistics

This submenu shows the FUPLA cycle time and other information related to the
current configuration in the unit.

A051464

Fig. 20.6.1.-1 Statistics submenu

20.6.2. Versions

This submenu displays information on the firmware versions loaded inside the unit.

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A051465

Fig. 20.6.2.-1 Versions submenu

20.6.3. Hardware identification

This submenu shows the reference information of the hardware modules installed
into REF 542plus.

A051466

Fig. 20.6.3.-1 Hardware identification

Hardware information page

To display the information select the row and press ENTER . When the
information is available in the selected module, the following page will be displayed
(this information is stored in a dedicated EEPROM on the module itself).

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A051467

Fig. 20.6.3.-2 Hardware information page

When the information from the module is not available the following page is
displayed.

A051468

Fig. 20.6.3.-3 Hardware information is not available

When the information stored on the module is corrupted, the following page is
displayed.

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A051469

Fig. 20.6.3.-4 Hardware information corrupted

When the module is not present or the module is not able to publish the HW
identification data, the following page is displayed.

A051470

Fig. 20.6.3.-5 Hardware information not available

20.6.4. Communication

This subpage displays the information related to the communication ports available
and configured in REF 542plus.

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A080290

Fig. 20.6.4.-1 Communication subpage visualization

When the port is not installed or configured, the following page will be displayed.

A051642

Fig. 20.6.4.-2 Communication module is not installed

20.6.4.1. IEC 103 communication page

When the IEC 60870-5-103 communication module is installed the following page
is displayed.

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A051645

Fig. 20.6.4.1.-1 IEC 103 communication module page

In this subpage, it is possible to block the monitoring direction of the module. For
more information, refer to the Communication Module User Manual.

A051646

Fig. 20.6.4.1.-2 IEC 103 communication, blocking the monitoring direction

The IEC Test mode menu allows setting and resetting the test mode of the IEC
module. For more information, refer to the Communication Module User Manual.

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A051647

Fig. 20.6.4.1.-3 IEC 103 communication module test mode subpage

20.6.4.2. LON communication page

When the COM-L module for LON communication is installed and active, the
following page displays the configured Node ID.

A051643

Fig. 20.6.4.2.-1 LON communication module Node Id

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20.6.4.3. SPA communication page

When the SPA bus communication module is installed, the following page is
displayed.

A051648

Fig. 20.6.4.3.-1 SPA bus communication module page

It is not possible to modify the SPA bus slave address of the unit on this page.

20.6.4.4. Modbus communication page

When the Modbus module is installed and properly working, the following page is
displayed.

A051644

Fig. 20.6.4.4.-1 Modbus communication module page

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By selecting the row related to port 1 or 2 and pressing , it is possible to change

the port communication address.

20.6.4.5. CAN communication page

When the CAN port has been enabled the following pages display the CAN
communication settings.

The CAN communication may only be used by ABB switchgear

companies.

A051649

Fig. 20.6.4.5.-1 CAN communication port page

Only channel 1 is currently available. To enter the next subpage, select Channel 1
and press ENTER . The following page is displayed.

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A051650

Fig. 20.6.4.5.-2 CAN communication port subpage

CAN INFO subpage

This page displays the CAN status information.

A051651

Fig. 20.6.4.5.-3 CAN communication port subpage

CAN Commands subpage

From this page, it is possible to issue direct operation to the CAN communication
subsystem. For more information, refer to the CAN Communication User Manual.

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A051652

Fig. 20.6.4.5.-4 CAN communication port subpage

CAN setting subpage

In this page, it is possible to change the node address of the CAN communication.
This setting is allowed only when the REF 542plus node is in the Pre-Operational
status.

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A051653

Fig. 20.6.4.5.-5 CAN communication port subpage

20.6.4.6. HMI communication page

In this page, it is possible to change the Base Unit slave address used to
communicate with the HMI.

When the Base Unit address is changed, the communication with the
HMI is lost. To restore it, the Base Unit address must be inserted in the
HMI as well. Select the menu item Base Unit Slave Address and insert
the same address of the Base Unit.

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A051654

Fig. 20.6.4.6.-1 HMI, changing Base Unit address to be polled

20.6.4.7. Ethernet IP page

This page shows the current settings of the Ethernet communication subsystem.
Here, it is possible to visualize the IP and MAC address. The IP and MAC addresses
cannot be changed from this page.

A051655

Fig. 20.6.4.7.-1 Ethernet port subpage

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20.6.4.8. Ethernet communication page

When the Ethernet module is applied, the following subpages appear after you select
the corresponding Ethernet communication submenu, depending on the actual
condition. The following Fig. 20.6.4.8.-1 shows a case where the Ethernet board is
not supported:

A070398

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-1 Subpage if Ethernet board is not supported

The next Fig. 20.6.4.8.-2 shows a case where there is no Ethernet module present.

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A070399

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-2 Subpage if Ethernet board is not installed

In normal situation where the Ethernet module is installed, the following subpage
appears when you select another submenu, as shown in Fig. 20.6.4.8.-3:

A080292

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-3 Submenu of the Ethernet module

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To select the desired subpage, click the UP and DOWN buttons. The
subpages are divided into two categories for value settings and info.

General Settings subpage

The General Settings subpage displays the configuration parameters coming from
the REF 542plus main module, whereas the General Info subpage displays the status
values and configurations coming from the Ethernet communication module. The
following two figures, Fig. 20.6.4.8.-4 and Fig. 20.6.4.8.-5, show the related
subpages.

A080294

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-4 General Settings subpage

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A080296

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-5 General Info subpage

To move from one subpage to another click the UP , and DOWN buttons.
You can go back to the FB COM Ethernet page from each subpage by clicking the
MENU button.

TCP/IP subpage

The TCP/IP subpage consists of two pages for each configured communication port,
port1 or port2. The following two figures Fig. 20.6.4.8.-6 and Fig. 20.6.4.8.-7 show
the TCP/IP Settings subpage and the TCP/IP INFO subpage.

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A080298

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-6 TCP/IP Settings subpage for port 1

A080300

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-7 TCP/IP INFO subpage for port 1

At the moment, you can either use port 1 or port 2. If you apply port 2 , the subpages
shown in the following two figures are displayed.

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A080302

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-8 TCP/IP Settings subpage for port 2

A080304

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-9 TCP/IP INFO subpage for port 2

SNTP subpage

The SNTP subpage displays whether SNTP is enabled or disabled.

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A080306

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-10 SNTP disabled

If SNTP is enabled, the related subpage consists of two different subpages, as shown
in the following two figures Fig. 20.6.4.8.-11 and Fig. 20.6.4.8.-12.

A080308

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-11 SNTP Settings subpage

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A080310

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-12 SNTP INFO subpage

You can move from one subpage to another by clicking the UP , and DOWN
buttons. You can go back to the FB COM Ethernet subpage by clicking the MENU
button.

Protocols subpage

The Protocols subpage consists of a page for each configured protocol on Ethernet
board, IEC61850 or MODBUS TCP.

The following figure 20.6.4.8.-13 shows the Protocols subpage for the IEC61850
protocol.

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A080312

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-13 Protocols subpage for IEC61850

The following figure 20.6.4.8.-14shows the Protocols subpage for MODBUS TCP
protocol.

A080314

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-14 Protocols subpage for MODBUS TCP

The pages shown when the protocol is currently disabled are presented in 20.6.4.8.-
15(IEC61850) and 20.6.4.8.-16(MODBUS TCP).

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A080316

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-15 Protocols subpage in case of IEC61850 disabled

A080318

Fig. 20.6.4.8.-16 Protocols subpage in case of MODBUS TCP disabled

20.6.5. Char map

This page shows the active char map used by the HMI. Refer to the Operating Tool
User Manual on how to change it.

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A051656

Fig. 20.6.5.-1 Char map page

20.6.6. LCD contrast

The LCD screen contrast can be adapted to different light condition from this
submenu.

A051657

Fig. 20.6.6.-1 Adjusting the LCD contrast

20.6.7. Load flow direction

The load flow direction determines how REF 542plus computes energy and power.
It is set with the Operating Tool and it is also dependent upon the current and
voltage transformers (or sensors) connections in the primary parts.
* FORWARD: the power is flowing from the switchgear to the load (outgoing
feeder).
* BACKWARD: the power is flowing into the switchgear (incoming feeder).

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A051658

Fig. 20.6.7.-1 Load flow direction visualization

20.7. Test page

This submenu allows testing the HMI and the primary part of the switchgear.

20.7.1. Test HMI

When the test HMI is selected, all its features will be tested by switching them on
and off.

HMI buttons are not available during the test. The displayed
information on the HMI does not reflect the switchgear’s actual status.
REF 542plus is protecting the switchgear during the HMI test. The
HMI test takes a few seconds.

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A051659

Fig. 20.7.1.-1 Test page menu

20.7.2. Test primary object

The circuit breaker and other switching devices can be tested from this submenu.
The object control buttons are used to perform the desired tests. A warning message
is displayed before leaving the test primary object mode.

In test mode, the interlockings are disabled. It is strongly recommended

to de-energize the switchgear before activating the test mode.

Verify the primary object’s correct position before leaving the test
mode and before energizing the switchgear. Make sure all the primary
objects are back in the correct positions.

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21. Appendix C: Tripping time indication

The example below shows and explains the information on the Events page of the
HMI. It refers to events generated by Overcurrent Instantaneous protection function.
The test is performed with a fault current around 10 times of the current threshold
setting value, simulating a two-phase fault between phase L1 and phase L3.

A051660

Fig. 21.-1 Start/Trip events

Event number 21:

The Overcurrent Instantaneous protection function detects the system fault

condition on phase L1 at the absolute time 25/05/2006, 07:45:15.859. The time
stamp is indicated by arrow 1, see Fig. 21.-1.

Event number 22:

The Overcurrent Instantaneous protection function detects the system fault

condition on phase L3 at the same absolute time 25/05/2006, 07:45:15.859.

Event number 23:

The trip by the above-mentioned protection function is released at the absolute time
25/05/2006, 07:45:15.862, which is indicated by arrow 3, see Fig. 21.-1.

As long as the current is not interrupted, the start signal remains active. Arrow 2
indicates that the current is flowing for a time duration of 73 ms.

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22. Appendix D: Self Supervision

The REF 542plus feeder terminal is provided with an extensive self-supervision
system. The self-supervision system handles configuration and run-time fault
situations and informs, if possible, the user of faults via the HMI and SPA event.

REF 542plus is a programmable device. The configuration is built by the

configuration tool REF542CONF and is composed by the following files:
* FUPLA (functions sequence)
* WIRE (functions connection)
* LCU (HMI display configuration)
* COM (communication configuration)
REF 542plus is a scalable system. Optional modules can be used according to
project requirements. The following list provides a definition of the terminology
used when defining the state of an optional module:
* "Installed" indicates that the module is physically inserted in the REF 542plus
housing.
* "Configured" indicates that the module has been configured in REF542CONF by
a REF 542plus engineer.
* "Detected" indicates that the REF 542plus start-up procedure has made a
successful detection check of the module.

Software supervision

Software faults require different kinds of handling and these can be modelled by
defining a level that identifies the fault’s critical nature:
* Level 1
Level 1 faults are irrecoverable fatal errors. After fault detection, the system is
not able to guarantee safe execution of the protection and control functions. The
irrecoverable fault forces REF 542plus to stop any activities and it can only be
restarted after a power-switch cycle (power off/on) or after a configuration
download (if possible).
* Level 2
Level 2 faults are recoverable fatal errors. They are similar to level 1 faults
except that REF 542plus, instead of stopping any activities, resets and therefore
automatically restarts and signals the reset cause.
* Level 3
Level 3 faults are errors that do not affect safe execution of the protection and
control functions. In general, they are handled by signalling the fault via an HMI
error message and a SPA event.

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The fault can be signalled externally via the following mechanism:

* HMI LEDs
* Ready:
* Black
Protection and control functions not active
* Green
Protection and control functions active
* Network communication:
* Black
No communication
* Green
Communication works properly
* Amber
Some communication error on the line (handled only by MODBUS and
ETHERNET module)
* Red
Communication error
* Alarm Led and Interlocking errors are handled by the programmable logics
* HMI error message
If an error message has been displayed in the MMI, no other message is
displayed until:
* a local/remote reset command has been given
* completion of a configuration download
* SPA event

Supervision by bootloader

REF 542plus has an on-chip bootloader that handles the software upgrade and the
entering into Factory test mode. The bootloader supervises RAM (Random Access
Memory) and FLASH (MC non-volatile memory) application program correctness.
At normal start-up, it performs a simple RAM test that verifies the presence of the
RAM chip and its memory size. The exhaustive RAM test has to be performed if the
Factory test mode is activated.

If the RAM test is passed, the bootloader verifies the presence and the correctness of
the application program which is stored in FLASH. The presence is verified through
a pre-defined pattern check in a fixed FLASH location and the correctness is
verified through application program checksum calculation.

The following table presents the bootloader fault descriptions:

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Faults/Errors Signalling Level

RAM presence DEBUG port message
"RAM error has been detected" 2

RAM size DEBUG port message

"RAM error has been detected" 2
"RAM addressing error (?) - size too small: xx"
FLASH application DEBUG port message
program "No valid application found - card resetting" 2

Reset

REF 542plus performs a complete and deep analysis of the last reset cause. The
reset can be the result of a normal situation or a HW/SW fault detection. A normal
situation can be either of the following two:
* Power-switch cycle
REF 542plus power is switched OFF and than ON.
* Commissioning test end
REF 542plus is in commissioning test mode and the user exits from the
commissioning test HMI menu.

The fault situations consist of the following:

* HW watchdog
A HW watchdog supervises the SW execution. The required refresh time is about
80 ms (fault-time detection). This is the worst reset cause because the reset is
beyond SW control which means that the real fault root cause in principle is
unknown. The cause can be either SW or HW related and in any case there is no
possibility to obtain a SW reference or description of the fault. The fault analysis
depends on the fault reproducibility in laboratory. If the fault is not reproducible,
a special REF 542plus SW can be built that is able to make a trace log of all the
activities executed by the SW (interrupts, tasks switching, events, semaphore,
etc.). This trace log is stored in the internal memory and can be displayed in the
DEBUG port after a watchdog reset. The trace log contains the last operation
performed by the system before the fault and it can be the starting point for
further analysis to identify the real fault cause. That is, if the fault was HW or
SW related, and, in case of SW, in which SW module the fault occurred or what
sequence of events that produced the fault.
* SW exceptions
The internal processor supervises all instruction executions and memory access
instances. In case it detects an exception, it prepares an exception stack frame
and raises a SW exception interrupt. The REF 542plus exception handler stores
all the information contained in the exception stack frame in the internal memory
and sets the reset cause to SW exception. The SW exception always produces a
HW reset. At start-up, the SW exception is signalled through a HMI and SPA
event.

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Moreover, the exception stack frame data, which includes very important
information needed when analysing the real root cause of the SW exception, is
available on the DEBUG port.

Examples of SW exceptions are:

* access error
* address error
* illegal instruction
* Fatal errors
Fatal errors are faults detected by the internal error checking functionality that, if
it fails, compromises the system reliability (e.g. RTOS errors). The REF 542plus
fatal error handler stores a fatal error description string in the internal memory.
The description string contains a reference to the SW function that generated the
fatal error and a description of the cause. Fatal errors always produce a HW reset.
At start-up, the fatal error is signalled through a HMI and SPA event.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the reset faults:

Faults/Errors Signalling Level

HW watchdog HMI event “Reset!! Watchdog"
SPA event “0E37”
DEBUG port command ‘4’ shows SW trace logs before 2
reset (Special REF542 SW)
SW exception HMI event “Reset!! SW exception"
SPA event “0E37”
DEBUG port command ‘1’ shows SW exception stack 2
frame data
Fatal Error HMI event “Reset!! Fatal error"
SPA event “0E37”
DEBUG port command ‘1’ shows fatal error description 2
string

Configuration

The configuration is stored in FLASH. At start-up or after a configuration

download, REF 542plus makes a consistency check on it. It consists of:
* •Version checking
There are separate versions for protection and control functions (FUPLA) and
COM configuration functions.
* •Function checking
Every installed function must be implemented in the firmware and must have the
expected configuration data/parameters format.
* •Hardware checking
If a function requires a hardware component, this has to be installed and detected
by the start-up procedure.

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Note that all version checks are performed by REF542CONF before configuration
download. Therefore, the fault can occur only after a REF 542plus firmware
upgrade/downgrade or after FLASH configuration data corruption.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the configuration faults:

Faults/Errors Signalling Level

No configuration HMI error message "Waiting new config." 1
Incompatible Version HMI error message "Software changed" 1
COM configuration file HMI error message "WRONG COM CONFIG."
format SPA event “102E60” 3

COM TCP-IP incompatible HMI error message "WRONG TCP-IP CONFIG."

version SPA event “102E61” 3

COM MOD-TCP HMI error message "WRONG MODTCP CONFIG."

incompatible version SPA event “102E62” 3

COM WEBREF HMI error message "WRONG WEBREF CONFIG."

incompatible version SPA event “102E63” 3

COM SMS incompatible HMI error message "WRONG SMS CONFIG."

version SPA event “102E61” 3

COM module incompatible HMI error message "WRONG COMMODULE

version CONF." 3
SPA event “102E61”
Functions checking HMI error message "WRONG CONFIGURATION"
SPA event “0E43” 1

Hardware checking Protection functions: See 2.4

DSP AI20mA functions: See 2.6 AI20mA

DSP (Digital Signal Processor)

The DSP supervision verifies correct DSP start-up and correct DSP working status
during normal operation.

The DSP start-up supervision verifies:

* DSP version
It is used to verify communication at start-up and to check SW version
compatibility.
* DSP Analogue Inputs calibration factors
The data is retrieved from the Analogue Input module. If the data is not present
or if it is corrupted, the system will be stopped because it is not able to guarantee
reliable measurements and safe protection executions.
* DSP configuration
The DSP configuration is built by the MC from the Analogue Input and
Protections configuration. It is sent to the DSP that performs a consistency check
on it.

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The DSP normal operation supervision verifies:

* DSP SW watchdog
It is based on a flag-toggle mechanism. The DSP is faulty if it does not toggle a
flag for 1 second.
* MC-DSP communication
The DSP is faulty if the number of consecutive fault requests reaches a pre-
defined counter (15). Note that, during normal operation, the DSP measurements
are requested every 100ms which means that the worst fault-time detection of a
DSP fault is 1.5 sec.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the DSP faults:

Faults/Errors Signalling Level

DSP version HMI error message "WRONG DSP VERSION"
SPA event “102E23” 1

DSP Analogue Inputs HMI error message "CALIB. DSP FAULT"

calibration factors SPA event “102E22” 1

DSP configuration HMI error message "CONFIG. DSP ERROR"

SPA event “102E21” 1

DSP watchdog HMI event "Reset!! DSP fail"

DSP communication SPA event “0E38” 2

COM module (optional extension)

The COM module is an optional module that can be installed in the REF 542plus
housing. Its supervision is done only if the COM module is detected at start-up or
configured by REF542CONF. The supervision verifies correct COM module
configuration start-up and correct COM working status during normal operation.

The COM start-up supervision verifies:

* COM module version
* COM configuration data version
* COM module type
The COM start-up supervision verifies that the configured COM module type
matches with the one detected.

The following fault situations can happen:

* The COM module type detected is different from the one configured in
REF542CONF
* The COM module has been configured in REF542CONF but it is not
installed in the REF 542plus housing
* The COM module has been configured in REF542CONF but it has not been
detected due to an internal COM module fault (the detection timeout is 30
sec.)
* The COM module has been detected but it has not been configured

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The COM normal operation supervision verifies:

* •COM module alive state
Based on the update of a life cycle counter. If the COM module does not update
the life cycle counter for 500 ms, it is considered to be faulty. NOTE: Up to
release 2.5, this mechanism is implemented by the MODBUS and ETHERNET
modules.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the COM module faults:

Faults/Errors Signalling Level

COM module configuration “Network communication” led becomes RED
data version HMI error message "WRONG COM VERSION" 3
SPA event “102E67”
COM module type “Network communication” led becomes RED
HMI error message "WRONG COMMODULE TYPE" 3
SPA event “102E66”
COM module not installed “Network communication” led becomes RED
HMI error message "COMMODULE NOT INSTALL" 3
SPA event “102E68”
COM module not detected “Network communication” led becomes RED
HMI error message "COMMODULE NOT DETECT" 3
SPA event “102E69”
COM module not “Network communication” led becomes RED
configured HMI error message "COMMODULE NOT CONFIG." 3
SPA event “102E70”
COM module not alive “Network communication” led becomes RED 3

AI20mA module (optional extension)

The AI20mA (20 mA analogue input module) is an optional module that can be
installed in the REF 542plus housing. Its supervision is done only if the AI20mA
module is detected at start-up or configured by REF542CONF. The supervision
verifies correct AI20mA start-up and correct AI20mA working status during normal
operation.

The AI20mA start-up supervision verifies:

* AI20mA version
A common pre-defined pattern is used for AI20mA module detection and, if
detected, an internal version number is used to perform the compatibility check.
* AI20mA firmware
No, or not valid, firmware detected.
* AI20mA HW tests
The initial hardware test detected an error.
* AI20mA configuration

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The AI20mA configuration is built by the MC from the AI20mA sensors and
Warnings configuration. It is sent to the AI20mA that performs a consistency
check on it.
* AI20mA-MC configuration
The MC does not start normal operation if the AI20mA is configured but not
detected at start-up.

The AI20mA normal operation supervision verifies:

* •MC-AI20mA communication
The AI20mA sensor measurements and warnings status are requested every
FUPLA cycle and so this time has to be considered as the worst fault time
detection.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the AI20mA faults:

Faults/Errors Signalling Level

AI20mA version HMI error message "WRONG AI20MA VERSION"
SPA event “102E50” 1

AI20mA firmware HMI error message "AI20MA NOT READY"

SPA event “102E52” 3

AI20mA HW tests HMI error message "AI20MA NOT READY"

SPA event “102E53” 3

AI20mA configuration HMI error message "AI20MA NOT READY"

SPA event “102E51” 3

AI20mA-MC HMI error message "WRONG CONFIGURATION"

configuration SPA event “0E43” 1

AI20mA communication HMI error message "AI20MA NOT READY"

(command failure) SPA event “102E54” 3

FLASH data

REF 542plus uses a FLASH device to store non-volatile data/configuration. The

MC supervises every FLASH erase/write operation checking that the FLASH status
registers. In order to protect the FLASH data against erroneous write/erase attempts,
the FLASH is write-protected which means that erroneous access will raise a SW
exception (address error). The write-protection is disabled only when valid FLASH
write/erase has to be performed. Moreover, in order to guarantee data integrity, all
data stored in FLASH is validated with size-check and checksum verification.

The following table describes signalling/handling of the FLASH faults:

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Faults/Errors Signalling Level

Memory full error SPA event “102E1” 3
Ready error SPA event “102E2” 3
Writing byte error SPA event “102E3” 3
Block erase error SPA event “102E4” 3
Vpp low error SPA event “102E5” 3
Block locked error SPA event “102E6” 3

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23. Appendix E: Telnet protocol

Through the Telnet protocol it is possible to access an Ethernet module from a
specific computer connected remotely to the same network. Telnet provides
bidirectional communication, where the destination system (Ethernet module) is
referred to as the Telnet server, while the specific local system (for example, PC) is
the Telnet client. It is possible to connect only one Telnet client to the Telnet server
at a time. The Telnet server appears to the connected Telnet client as a locally
connected terminal.

Configuring the Telnet Terminal

To connect a Telnet client to the Ethernet module as the Telnet server, few
operations are necessary. How to connect a common PC is shown below. Both the
Ethernet module and PC must be connected to the same network. Adjust the IP
parameters of the PC Ethernet port so that it is in the same subnet:

A070410

Fig. 23.-1 Setting the IP properties

In the above figure, the PC Ethernet port is configured to communicate with the
address 192.168.2.203 and with subnet 255.255.255.0. The subnet value must
match the subnet value set in the Ethernet module, while only the first three digits of
the IP address must match with the ones of the Ethernet module, the fourth digit
must be different. After that it is possible to verify a remote connection with a ping
command.

To perform the ping command, select Run in the PC Start menu. Then type the ping
command by specifying the Ethernet board IP address, as illustrated in the following
Fig. 23.-2:

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A070411

Fig. 23.-2 Running a ping test

In the example above, the PC sends a ping command to an Ethernet board connected
to the net with the address 192.168.2.106. If the connection is correct, the following
window appears after the execution of the ping command:

A070412

Fig. 23.-3 Test result of ping command

Now, it is possible to establish a connection with the Telnet server of the Ethernet
module. As before, use the Run command in the PC Start menu. After that, type the
telnet command specifying the Ethernet board IP address as displayed in the
following figure:

A070413

Fig. 23.-4 Running a Telnet client

The following window appears:

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A070414

Fig. 23.-5 Log into the Telnet shell

A connection with the Ethernet board Telnet server is now established. The Ethernet
module Telnet server allows different logging levels to enable different functions
and commands. You can access Telnet without any log in operation by simply
pressing the Enter key twice. Note that the Telnet connection is automatically closed
if it stays inactive for more than two minutes.

Access to Telnet as a basic user allows functions to monitor the Ethernet board
status and general information.

Basic shell commands

Basic commands include:

h shows a list of the allowed commands

v prints a version of the loaded software modules
q closes the active Telnet connection

Specific commands

Specific commands allow getting information on:

* Ethernet connection configurations
* disks’ contents
* SNTP module state
* internal interface state
* Dual Channel state (if the option is enabled)
* Modbus TCP configuration and state
* Time configuration and state

The Ethernet connection configurations display the current Ethernet configuration.

Two commands are available:

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ep shows the configuration parameters of the ports:

*
topology
* protocol type

* MAC address (for port1 and port2)

* IP address (for port1 and port2)

* subnet mask (for port1 and port2)

* gateway IP address (for port1 and port2)

es shows the SNTP client configuration parameters

The disks’ contents display the contents of the Flash disk (C:) and Ram disk (D:).
Three commands are available:

fl allows to see the content of the selected disk (C: or D:)

fp allows to select the current disk and path to look at
fs shows the disk usage statistics for the current disk

You can check the SNTP module state by using the following five commands:

sa shows some information regarding the running SNTP algorithm

sc shows the state of the SNTP client
sk shows information regarding the SNTP clock module
ss shows the state of the SNTP server
st shows the result of the last transaction
sx shows all information reported with the previous commands

You can check the internal interface state with the command:

ih shows internal event handler information

ii shows current application state
ip shows internal SPA poller information
is shows internal interface statistics

You can also view the factory test result file with the command:

tf shows stored factory tests report

The following set of commands can be used to check the state of the Dual Channel
operation modality:

da used to print out all the Dual Channel information

dc shows the current Dual Channel configuration
df shows Ethernet Controller statistics
dn shows the table list of the nodes connected
ds shows statistics about Dual Channel communication
dv shows the Dual Channel module release version

Commands related to Modbus TCP protocol are:

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mc shows the Modbus TCP configuration

md shows current connections' states and statistics for Modbus TCP server

Finally, the section Time configuration and state collects following commands:

wc shows possible time sources and current time

wm shows Ethernet Board and Main Card current time source and state
ws shows the collected time statistics

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Distribution Automation
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