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Pointers Programs

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Tejashwi tejuu
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26 views

Pointers Programs

Uploaded by

Tejashwi tejuu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Program to add two numbers using pointers.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int fno, sno, *ptr, *qtr, sum;

printf("\n\n Pointer : Add two numbers :\n");


printf("--------------------------------\n");

printf(" Input the first number : ");


scanf("%d", &fno);
printf(" Input the second number : ");
scanf("%d", &sno);

ptr = &fno;
qtr = &sno;

sum = *ptr + *qtr;

printf(" The sum of the entered numbers is : %d\n\n",sum);

return 0;
}

Sum of all elements in an array


#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr1[10];
int i,n, sum = 0;
int *pt;

printf("\n\n Pointer : Sum of all elements in an array :\n");


printf("------------------------------------------------\n");

printf(" Input the number of elements to store in the array (max 10) : ");
scanf("%d",&n);

printf(" Input %d number of elements in the array : \n",n);


for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf(" element - %d : ",i+1);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i]);
}

pt = arr1; // pt store the base address of array arr1

for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {


sum = sum + *pt;
pt++;
}
printf(" The sum of array is : %d\n\n", sum);
}

Write a program in C to find the maximum number between two


numbers using a pointer.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main()
{
int fno,sno,*ptr1=&fno,*ptr2=&sno;

printf("\n\n Pointer : Find the maximum number between two numbers :\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------------\n");

printf(" Input the first number : ");


scanf("%d", ptr1);
printf(" Input the second number : ");
scanf("%d", ptr2);

if(*ptr1>*ptr2)
{
printf("\n\n %d is the maximum number.\n\n",*ptr1);
}
else
{
printf("\n\n %d is the maximum number.\n\n",*ptr2);
}

Function returning a pointer


#include <stdio.h>
int* findLarger(int*, int*);
void main()
{
int numa=0;
int numb=0;
int *result;
printf("\n\n Pointer : Show a function returning pointer :\n");
printf("--------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" Input the first number : ");
scanf("%d", &numa);
printf(" Input the second number : ");
scanf("%d", &numb);

result=findLarger(&numa, &numb);
printf(" The number %d is larger. \n\n",*result);
}

int* findLarger(int *n1, int *n2)


{
if(*n1 > *n2)
return n1;
else
return n2;
}

Count the number of vowels and consonants


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str1[50];
char *pt;
int ctrV,ctrC;
printf("\n\n Pointer : Count the number of vowels and consonants :\n");
printf("----------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" Input a string: ");
fgets(str1, sizeof str1, stdin);

//assign address of str1 to pt


pt=str1;

ctrV=ctrC=0;
while(*pt!='\0')
{
if(*pt=='A' ||*pt=='E' ||*pt=='I' ||*pt=='O' ||*pt=='U' ||*pt=='a' ||*pt=='e' ||*pt=='i' ||*pt=='o' ||*pt=='u')
ctrV++;
else
ctrC++;
pt++; //pointer is increasing for searching the next character
}

printf(" Number of vowels : %d\n Number of consonants : %d\n",ctrV,ctrC-1);


return 0;
}

What does the following fragment of C program print?

char c[]="GATE2011';

char *p=c;

printf("%s",p+p[3]-p[1]);

1. GATE2011
2. E2011
3. 2011
4. 011

Consider the following function implemented in C:

void printxy(int x, int y)


{
int *ptr;
x=0;
ptr=&x;
y=*ptr;
*ptr=1;
printf("%d",%d",x,y);
}
The output of invoking printxy(1,1) is

1. 0, 0
2. 0, 1
3. 1, 0
4. 1, 1
What does the following program print?

#include<stdio.h>
void f(int *p, int*q)
{
p=q;
*p=2;
}
int i=0, j=1;
int main()
{
f(&i, &j);
printf("%d%d\n",i,j);
return 0;
}
1. 2 2
2. 2 1
3. 0 1
4. 0 2
#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a = 5;

int* p = &a;

printf("%d", ++*p);

→ p is pointing to the address of a. *p will return the content of a which is 5 and ++ will

increment it to 6.

C program to change the value of constant integer using


pointers
Since, we cannot change the value of a constant but using pointer we can change it, in this program we
are doing the same. Here, we have an integer constant and changing its value using pointer.

/*C program to change the value of constant integer using pointers.*/

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
const int a=10; //declare and assign constant integer
int *p; //declare integer pointer
p=&a; //assign address into pointer p

printf("Before changing - value of a: %d",a);

//assign value using pointer


*p=20;

printf("\nAfter changing - value of a: %d",a);


printf("\nWauuuu... value has changed.");

return 0;

Output

Before changing - value of a: 10


After changing - value of a: 20
Wauuuu... value has changed.

/*C program to print a string using pointer.*/


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
char *ptr;

printf("Enter a string: ");


gets(str);

//assign address of str to ptr


ptr=str;

printf("Entered string is: ");


while(*ptr!='\0')
printf("%c",*ptr++);

return 0;
}

Output

Enter a string: This is a test string.


Entered string is: This is a test string.

C program to print sizes of different type of pointers


/*C program to print size of different types of pointer variables.*/
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("\nsize of char pointer: %d" ,sizeof(char*));
printf("\nsize of int pointer: %d" ,sizeof(int*));
printf("\nsize of float pointer: %d" ,sizeof(float*));
printf("\nsize of long int pointer: %d" ,sizeof(long int*));
printf("\nsize of double pointer: %d\n" ,sizeof(double*));
return 0;
}

Output

size of char pointer: 4


size of int pointer: 4
size of float pointer: 4
size of long int pointer: 4
size of double pointer: 4

C program for double pointer (pointer to pointer)


/*C program to demonstrate example of double pointer (pointer to pointer).*/
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int a; //integer variable
int *p1; //pointer to an integer
int **p2; //pointer to an integer pointer

p1=&a; //assign address of a


p2=&p1; //assign address of p1

a=100; //assign 100 to a

//access the value of a using p1 and p2


printf("\nValue of a (using p1): %d",*p1);
printf("\nValue of a (using p2): %d",**p2);

//change the value of a using p1


*p1=200;
printf("\nValue of a: %d",*p1);
//change the value of a using p2
**p2=200;
printf("\nValue of a: %d",**p2);

return 0;
}

Output

Value of a (using p1): 100


Value of a (using p2): 100
Value of a: 200
Value of a: 200

C program for array of pointers


/*C program to demonstrate example of array of pointers.*/
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
/*declare same type of variables*/
int a,b,c;

/*we can create an integer pointer array to


store the address of these integer variables*/
int *ptr[3];

/*assign the address of all integer variables to ptr*/


ptr[0]= &a;
ptr[1]= &b;
ptr[2]= &c;

/*assign the values to a,b,c*/


a=100;
b=200;
c=300;

/*print values using pointer variable*/


printf("value of a: %d, b: %d, c: %d\n",*ptr[0],*ptr[1],*ptr[2]);

/*add 10 to all values using pointer*/


*ptr[0] +=10;
*ptr[1] +=10;
*ptr[2] +=10;
printf("After adding 10\nvalue of a: %d, b: %d, c:
%d\n",*ptr[0],*ptr[1],*ptr[2]);

return 0;
}

Output

value of a: 100, b: 200, c: 300


After adding 10
value of a: 110, b: 210, c: 310
NULL pointer
The word "NULL" is a constant in C language and its value is 0. In case with the pointers - if any pointer
does not contain a valid memory address or any pointer is uninitialized, known as "NULL pointer". We
can also assign 0 (or NULL) to make a pointer as "NULL pointer".

Example:

In this example, there are 3 integer pointers ptr1, ptr2 and ptr3. ptr1 is initialized with the address of
the integer variable num, thus ptr1 contains a valid memory address. ptr2 is uninitialized
and ptr3 assigned 0. Thus, ptr2 and ptr3 are the NULL pointers.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
int num = 10;

int *ptr1 = &num;


int *ptr2;
int *ptr3=0;

if(ptr1 == 0)
printf("ptr1: NULL\n");
else
printf("ptr1: NOT NULL\n");

if(ptr2 == 0)
printf("ptr2: NULL\n");
else
printf("ptr2: NOT NULL\n");

if(ptr3 == 0)
printf("ptr3: NULL\n");
else
printf("ptr3: NOT NULL\n");

return 0;
}

Output

ptr1: NOT NULL


ptr2: NULL
ptr3: NULL

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