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ER Quiz 1

Example quiz in ER

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Allysa Megan Orpilla
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33 views

ER Quiz 1

Example quiz in ER

Uploaded by

Allysa Megan Orpilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EMERGENCY ROOM ROTATIONAL EXAM 1

Prepared by: John Richard A. Danganan, RN

1. What is the first priority in managing a trauma patient?

A. Immobilizing fractures

B. Managing the airway

C. Controlling hemorrhage

D. Assessing disability

2. Which of the following is the most common cause of shock in a trauma


patient?
A. Septic shock
B. Cardiogenic shock
C. Hypovolemic shock
D. Anaphylactic shock

3. What does the "D" in the primary ABCDE survey of trauma care stand
for?
A. Diagnosis
B. Disability
C. Defibrillation
D. Dislocation

4. Which of the following positions is recommended for a patient


experiencing shock?
A. Fowler’s position
B. Trendelenburg position
C. Prone position
D. Supine position

5. Which piece of equipment is most essential in managing a patient with


a suspected cervical spine injury?
A. Nasopharyngeal airway
B. Rigid cervical collar
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Chest tube

6. What is the most important effect of administering high-flow oxygen to


a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning?
A. It increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin.
B. It improves ventilation to reduce respiratory distress.
C. It displaces carbon monoxide bound to hemoglobin.
D. It prevents secondary complications, such as aspiration.

7. Why is rapid fluid resuscitation essential in patients with hypovolemic


shock?
A. To increase the production of red blood cells
B. To promote vasoconstriction and stabilize blood pressure
C. To restore circulating volume and improve tissue perfusion
D. To enhance oxygen transport by increasing hemoglobin concentration

8. A patient is in ventricular fibrillation (VF). Why is defibrillation the most


critical intervention?
A. It increases the heart's ability to contract effectively.
B. It restores a normal sinus rhythm by depolarizing cardiac cells.
C. It prevents cardiac arrest by improving oxygenation.
D. It stabilizes the patient by decreasing cardiac workload.
9. Why is it essential to continuously monitor a patient after administering
naloxone for opioid overdose?
A. To observe for rebound respiratory depression once naloxone’s effect wears off
B. To evaluate for signs of opioid withdrawal and manage discomfort
C. To assess for any long-term effects on liver function
D. To prevent recurrent hypoxia from excessive opioid use

10. Which of the following best explains the purpose of placing a patient
with suspected air embolism in the left lateral Trendelenburg position?
A. It prevents further embolization by trapping air in the right atrium.
B. It enhances the efficiency of mechanical ventilation.
C. It reduces pressure on the diaphragm to facilitate breathing.
D. It promotes venous return and increases cardiac output.

11. You are assessing a patient who has sustained a severe burn injury.
What is the most important immediate intervention?
A. Administering pain relief to control the patient’s discomfort
B. Covering the burn with a sterile dressing to prevent infection
C. Initiating fluid resuscitation to prevent hypovolemic shock
D. Monitoring the patient’s airway for potential obstruction

12. A patient presents with chest pain and shortness of breath. An ECG
shows ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. What is the most appropriate
initial treatment?
A. Start a continuous heparin infusion to prevent clot propagation.
B. Administer aspirin and nitroglycerin to reduce ischemia.
C. Provide supplemental oxygen to improve myocardial oxygenation.
D. Prepare the patient for immediate thrombolytic therapy.

13. In managing a patient with septic shock, which of the following


interventions should be initiated first?
A. Administering vasopressors to maintain blood pressure
B. Starting broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat the infection
C. Administering IV fluids to support circulation
D. Performing a blood culture to identify the causative organism

14. A patient with severe asthma presents in the emergency department


with wheezing and difficulty breathing. After initial assessment, what
intervention should the nurse prioritize?
A. Administering a corticosteroid to reduce airway inflammation
B. Administering a bronchodilator to relieve bronchospasm
C. Starting a nebulizer treatment with normal saline
D. Placing the patient on oxygen therapy to improve oxygen saturation

15. A patient is brought to the emergency department after a motor


vehicle accident and is unconscious with suspected internal bleeding.
What is the nurse’s initial action?
A. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to monitor urine output.
B. Perform a full physical assessment to identify all injuries.
C. Begin large-bore IV access and initiate fluid resuscitation.
D. Order a complete blood count (CBC) to assess for anemia.

16. A 65-year-old patient presents with acute shortness of breath, chest


pain, and hypotension. ECG shows tachycardia, and blood tests reveal
elevated D-dimer levels. Based on the clinical findings, what is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Cardiac tamponade
D. Aortic dissection

17. A patient arrives at the emergency department after a high-speed


motor vehicle accident with signs of hypovolemic shock. Despite
aggressive fluid resuscitation, the patient’s blood pressure remains low.
What is the next best step in management?
A. Increase the rate of IV fluids
B. Administer a vasopressor to maintain blood pressure
C. Perform a bedside ultrasound to assess for internal bleeding
D. Prepare the patient for emergency surgery

18. A patient with suspected septic shock has received IV fluids and
antibiotics. However, the patient’s condition continues to deteriorate with
worsening hypotension and decreased urine output. What does this
suggest about the patient’s condition?
A. The infection is not responding to the antibiotics.
B. The fluid resuscitation has caused fluid overload.
C. The patient is developing multi-organ failure.
D. The initial diagnosis of septic shock was incorrect.

19. A patient with a tension pneumothorax presents with severe


respiratory distress and hypotension. Despite chest tube placement, the
patient’s symptoms persist. What is the most likely reason for the lack of
improvement?
A. The chest tube was placed in the wrong location.
B. The patient has developed a pulmonary embolism.
C. The pneumothorax has caused cardiac tamponade.
D. There is a blockage in the chest tube preventing lung re-expansion.

20. A patient with gastrointestinal bleeding is receiving blood transfusions


but continues to have low blood pressure and signs of hypovolemic shock.
Which of the following lab results would be most helpful in determining
the effectiveness of the transfusions?
A. Platelet count
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D. Serum lactate
21. A nurse is caring for a patient in septic shock who is being treated
with IV fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The patient's blood pressure
remains low, and the urine output is decreasing. Which action should the
nurse prioritize next?
A. Increase the rate of IV fluids to improve circulation.
B. Notify the healthcare provider about the patient's condition.
C. Administer a dose of vasopressor medication.
D. Obtain a lactate level to assess the severity of shock.

22. A patient who has been intubated due to severe respiratory failure has
a sudden decrease in oxygen saturation. What should the nurse evaluate
first to determine the cause of this change?
A. The patient's vital signs for signs of instability.
B. The positioning of the endotracheal tube.
C. The settings on the ventilator for proper function.
D. The patient’s blood gas results for respiratory acidosis.

23. A patient recovering from a myocardial infarction is exhibiting signs of


anxiety and restlessness. Which of the following nursing actions is most
appropriate to address these symptoms?
A. Administer a sedative to help the patient relax.
B. Provide reassurance and explain the treatment plan.
C. Increase the patient’s oxygen supply to alleviate distress.
D. Encourage the patient to participate in physical therapy.

24. A patient with suspected acute pancreatitis presents with severe


abdominal pain and nausea. After initial assessments, which intervention
should the nurse implement to best support the patient's condition?
A. Start IV fluids to maintain hydration.
B. Administer antiemetics to control nausea.
C. Provide a low-fat diet to reduce pancreatic stimulation.
D. Prepare for possible surgery based on the patient's condition.
25. During a code blue, a nurse is responsible for documenting the events
and interventions performed. What is the most important information to
capture during the resuscitation efforts?
A. The time each medication was administered.
B. The patient’s initial presenting symptoms.
C. The names of all team members involved in the code.
D. The outcomes of each intervention performed.

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