International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)

ISSN: 2278-3075 (Online), Volume-9 Issue-3, January 2020

Advantages of Pre-Engineered Building over

Conventional Building
Rajnandan Verma, Raghvendra Singh
Abstract: In these days, the cost and time of construction is in Although pre- engineered steel building are widely used for
more priority for the client with the large working area for any industrial purpose building or non-residential building
various uses. For the economically and minimum loss of construction globalized, In India, it is now new structural
material, pre-engineered building system (PEBs) has many concept.[Ref.3and4].Now a days, large spaced area is the
advantage, because it gives more column free space at low cost.
uttermost requirement for any type of industry and with the
Pre-engineered metal buildings are more reliable for various uses
like complex industrial facilities, warehouses and approach of computer software’s it is now easily possible.
distributioncenters, stock-house, shopping malls, resort, motor With the improvement in technology, computer software’s
court, office, cabin, service complex, aircraft-hanger, athletics have contributed immensely to the enhancement of quality
and fun stadium, study places, temples, hospitals, and any types of life through new researches. Pre-engineered building
of industrial structures. In the pre-engineered metal building (PEB) is one of such revolution. “Pre-engineered buildings”
system, the rigid frame consists of slab, wall are connected with are fully fabricated in the factory in the robotic manner after
primary member (beam and column). This frame can spanlarge designing, then transported to the site directly in completely
spacing without any intermediate columns. The frameswidths are knocked down (CKD) condition and all components are
spaced at spacing between 15 m to 60 m and span can increase
assembled and erected with connection like, nut-bolts, hence
with column-free up to 300 m in proposed building structures.
Therefore in this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze a it reducing the time of completion[Ref.1 and 7].
pre-engineered metal building with a span of 40 m with the help With increased significance on the green buildings ensuring
of finite element based software ETABS (2013). For the sustainable construction, the PEB structures are designed
comparison, for the same span of 40 m length a conventional with a high proportion of recycled content making them
steel building is analyzed in same software. The results were lighter in weight by about 30% to 40% than the
found from both analysis indicated the pre-engineered steel conventional steel buildings (CSB). Since the PEB system
building is economic with the conventional steel building as well based construction technique is contributing the ultimate
as stablealso. modernization with high-technology and faster methods of
Keywords: Pre-engineered metal building, Conventional construction ensuring efficient, cost effectiveness and
building, ETAB speedy completion of projects [Ref.3, 4 and 6]. As a result
today the PEB system is the most favored choice among the
I. INTRODUCTION consultant, architects, builders, developers, and
The efficient and economic construction over conventional industrialists.
method of building construction Pre-engineered building A. PEBs Structural Members Concept
(PEB) system were induced. the concept of pre-engineered Pre-engineered buildings use a prearranged supply of raw
steel metal building systemmade over all structural materials in lighter weight that has verified over time to
component like, beam, column, purlin, rafter as well as roof satisfy a broad range of structural and unique esthetic design
wall sheeting, primary members, secondary members, requirements. This flexibility allows PEBs to fulfill and
almost unlimited range of building configurations, custom
connected with each other and different structural
design, requirements and applications. The pre-engineered
components [Ref.8 and 9]. Thistechnology is a built, steel building is a building shell utilizing three distinct
structure with precast and prefabricated members which are product categories as:
erected at site. Pre-engineered steel buildings are mainly low Built-up “I” shaped primary structural framing
height buildings which are useful for residential building, members(columns and rafters) Refer fig. 1 Cold-formed “Z”
show-rooms, shopping malls etc.[Ref.2].The PEBs system and “C” shaped secondary structural members (roof purlin,
are very economical and faster to application for the low eave struts and wall grits) Refer fig. 2Roll formed profiled
sheeting (roof and wall panels) Refer fig 3
height buildings, with this system the construction time is
reduced about half than conventional Steel building.

Revised Manuscript Received on January 30, 2020.

* Correspondence Author
Rajnandan Verma*, Computer Aided Structural Designing and
Drafting, Civil Engineering Department, Ujjain Engineering College,
Ujjain, M.P. India.
Dr.Raghvendra Singh, Professor of Civil Engineering Department,
Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, M.P. India.

© The Authors. Published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and

Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the
CC-BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C8954.019320 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
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 Advantages of Pre-Engineered Building over Conventional Building

B. Comparison Between Pre-Engineered Building

System And Conventional Building System (Table
1 and fig.4)

Fig.4 Difference between PEBs and Conventional steel

building
Table 1: Comparison between PEBs and Conventional
steel building
Function Pre-engineered Conventionalbuilding
Type Building system
system(PEBs) (CSBs)
Fig.1 Built-up “I” shaped primary structural framing Cost and time of They are 20% more
members. construction are expensive than PEBs.
calculated based Building construction
1.Construction upon extensive cost and time are not
cost and time experience with estimated accurately in
similar building. advance.
30% cost is
reduced in
overall.
In PEBs, Section and members
Primary framing have constant cross-
member are section, are selected
Fig.2 cold-formed “Z” and “C” tapered, so the from standard hot
system is about rolled I-section as the
30 to 40% Primary steel members
advantages for so they are heavier
2.Building the main rigid than what is actually
weight frame than required
conventional hot
rolled section as
primary member
3.Delivery to Approx.42 to 56 Approx. 140 to 182
site days days.

designis Simple Extensive, foundation

4.Foundation and easily required is heavy in
constructed with weight
light weight
foundation
Fig.3 Roll-formed profiled sheeting Shaped secondary
member

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DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C8954.019320 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
Journal Website: www.ijitee.org 2565 & Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075 (Online), Volume-9 Issue-3, January 2020

The less-weight Do not perform well in Importance factor 1.5

5.Eartquake flexible frames seismic zones because
Response reduction factor 5
produced higher of heavy in weight and
resistance
resistance rigid
seismic forces.

Aesthetic Architectural design

architectural required for each
6.Architectural
design and project in the
appearance appearancecan consideration of
be achieved at esthetic appearance.
low cost.
Building is Many source of supply
supplied is required to co-
7.Source of
material and complete with ordinates suppliers and
cladding and all contractors.
component
accessories,
from one single Fig.5 Pre-engineered building with tapered member
source
Designed and It is not possible to Table3:Pre-engineered building members
fabricated at control the quality S.no Structural steel member Section
8.Quality
control single in-house because there are properties
unit with strict many sources and
1 Frame rafter Tapered I
quality control many manufactures.
1(prismatic1200_750mm) section
2 Frame Tapered I
II. PROCESS OF MODELLING
rafter2(prismatic750_900mm) section
In the present attempted a three dimensional single storey
3 Frame Tapered I
industrial frame havingsymmetry along X and Y direction
rafter3(prismatic900_750mm) section
and rectangle (110m X 40m) in shape is considered (Table
2: Description of building). Steel frame having tapered “I” 4 Frame rafter4 I section
section is used in pre-engineered frame model 750mm
(Table 3:Pre-engineered building members)and standard hot 5 Frame purlin and gable end purlin ISMC_350
rolled “I section” constant cross section are used in
6 End column(prismatic350_900mm) Tapered I
conventional steel frame model (Table 4: Conventional steel
section
building members).For the bracings (X-type) 25mm
diameter of steel rod is used in both of the model. The 7 Centre column ISMB350
structure having fixed support and all joints designed 8 Bracings (X-Type) 25mm dia of
asperfectly rigid.IS: 875-1987 (Parts – I to V),IS: 1893- steel rod
2002, andIS: 800-2007 are used in the process of calculating
forces and load (national codes).
Table 2:Description of building
Location Ujjain
Length 110m
Width 40
Eave height 9
Seismic zone II
Wind speed 39m/s
Wind terrain category 2
Wind class C
Life span 50years Fig.6 conventional steel building

Slope of roof 1 in 10
Soil type Medium

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 Advantages of Pre-Engineered Building over Conventional Building

Table 4: Conventional steel building members Outer 184.9 1015.902 26 26413.452

S.no Structural steel member Section properties frame
column
1 Frame rafter ISLB900
Center 101.2 714.891 13 9293.583
2 Purlin ISLB500 frame
3 End column ISWB6002 column

4 Centre column ISWB450 Gable 101.2 579.856 4 2319.424

end
5 Bracings (X-Type) 25x200mm Rec. column1
steel Plate
Gable 101.2 659.288 4 2637.154
LOAD COMBINATIONS end
column2
In the limit state design of steel structure, load combination
istaken as per clause no. 6.3.1.1of IS 1893(Part I):2002 and Gable 95.5 374.791 6 2248.751
IS800:2007. end
purlin1
(DL+LL)
(DL+WL/EL) Gable 95.5 378.142 4 1512.570
(DL+0.8LL+0.8WL/EL) end
1.5(DL+LL) purlin2
1.5(DL+WL/EL)
Gable 95.5 375.631 4 1502.526
(0.9DL+1.5WL/EL)
end
1.2(DL+LL)+0.6WL/EL
purlin3
1.2(DL+LL+WL/EL)
(1.2DL+0.5LL+2.5EL) Gable 95.5 451.991 4 1807.966
(0.9DL+2.5EL) end
1.7 (DL+LL) rafter 1
1.3 (DL+LL +EL_X) Gable 95.5 527.324 8
1.3 (DL+ LL –EL_X)
4218.598
end
1.3 (DL+ LL +EL_Y) rafter 2
1.3 (DL+ LL –EL_Y)
1.7 (DL+EL_X) Bracings 50 - - 27022.68
1.7 (DL–EL_X)
Truss 83.1+21.1 1831.691 22 40297.20
1.7 (DL+EL_Y)
1.7 (DL–EL_Y)
(DL denotes (Dead Load) and EL_X/EL_Y denotes
Earthquake load in X-direction and Y-direction Total weight (kg) 311879.68

WL, wind load respectively

Table 6:Pre-engineered building steel take off
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Structu Cross Weight Of Cumulativ
Number
Table5 and table6 shows the design weight of structure and re Section Single e
total steel take off and reduction of steel in pre-engineered Membe Area Member Of
Weight
building(Table 6:Pre-engineered building steel take r (cm2) (kg) Member
(Kg)
off)comparison with conventional steel building(Table 5:
Conventional building steel take off). Tapere
d rafter 295.25 1552.447 22 34153.836
Table 5:Conventional building steel take off
1
Structure Cross Weight Number Cumulative
Tapere
Member Section Of
Of Weight d rafter 275.75 1449.914 22 31898.121
Area Single Member (kg) 2
(cm2) Member
(kg) Tapere
d rafter 275.75 725.065 22 15951.441
Frame 335.5 1764.084 44 77619.726
3
Rafter1
Frame 335.5 882.174 44 38815.656 Tapere
Rafter2 d rafter 266 699.428 22 15387.428
4
Frame 95.5 749.58 90 67462.55
purlin

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 International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075 (Online), Volume-9 Issue-3, January 2020

Frame 7 Maximum column 342.94 573.88

53.7 421.49 90 37934.444
purlin force (kN)
Tapere
d outer 151.14 830.413 26 21590.750 IV. CONCLUSION
column
Basically in pre- engineered building the sections used are
built up sections and built-up member are specified by the
designer when the desired properties or configuration cannot
Center 89.4 631.534 13 8209.946
be obtained in a single hot-rolled section. In this pre-
column
engineered steel building 38.47% steel weight is reduced.
Gable 266 1258.950 4 5035.802 Built-up section can be bolted or Welded, in general it is
end less expensive because much less handling is required in the
rafter1 shop and because of more efficient utilization ofmaterial.
Gable 266 1468.779 8 11750.233 The clean lines of welded members also produce a better
end appearance.
rafter REFERENCES
Gable 89.4 512.24 4 2048.97 1. Anderson J.P & MARC, “Guide for the Design &construction of Pre-
engineered Building”, The Association for Iron & steel Technology,
end
2003, technical report 13.
coulmn1 2. Anbuchezian A, Dr. Baskar. G, “Experimental Study on Cold Formed
Steel Purlin Section”, IRACST-Engineering Science and Technology:
Gable 89.4 582.414 4 2329.659 An International journal (ESTIJ), ISSN: 2250-3498, Vol.3, No.2,
end April 2013
coulmn2 3. Bradley A.k, “pre-engineered building”, JFE Civil Engineering &
Construction, Vol-2, 1970, pp. 25-46.
Gable 53.7 210.746 6 1264.481 4. G. Sai Kiran, A. Kailasa Rao, R. Pradeep Kumar- “Comparison of
end Design Procedure for PEBs”.
purlin1 5. Muhammad Umair Saleem, “Minimum Weight Design of Pre-
engineered steel building structures using Built-up Section and Cold
Gable 53.7 212.630 4 850.523 Formed Sections”, Advanced Material Research Vol 684 (2013) PP
end 125-129
6. Lipson S.L, “History of Pre-engineered Building”, JFE Civil
purlin2 Engineering & construction, Vol-1, 1962,pp. 9-25.
7. Wei-Wen Yu , “Cold Form Steel Structure”, Mc Graw Hill Book
Gable 53.7 211.218 4 844.875
Company, 1973,pp.25-46.
end 8. C.M. Meera, “Pre-engineered building Design of an Industrial
purlin3 Warehouse”, International Journal of Engineering & Emerging
Technologies, June 2013 Volume 5, issue 2, pp 75-82
Bracings 4.9 - - 2647.901 9. Dr. A. N. Sarkar “Innovations in designing Pre- engineered Building
part 1” Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, New Delhi.
Total weight (kg) 191898.41
The structural design and comparative analysis of a
NATIONAL CODES
industrial steel frame has been done with very effective and 1. IS: 875-1987 (Parts – I to V), Indian Code of Practice for
user friendly software ETAB. A typical steel frame is evaluating loads excepting earthquake load, BIS New
analysed with both the concept (PEBs and CSB) in all Delhi.
2. IS: 1893-2002, Criteria for the Seismic design of
structural and loading criteria and the results were obtained structures subjected to earthquake loads, BIS New Delhi.
as following in table7. 3.IS: 800-2007, Indian Code of Practice for general construction in steel,
BIS New Delhi.
Table 7: ETAB Software analysis results comparison
Sl. Structural PEBs CSBs AUTHORS PROFILE
No. description Rajnandan verma, PG Scholar, Doing his Master of
Engineering (ME) in Computer Aided Structural Design
1 Total steel take off 191898.41 311879.68 & Drafting (CASDD) at Ujjain Engineering, College,
(kg) Ujjain. Teaching Experience 2years, Research paper:1
national conference, Email id: [email protected]
2 Maximum 5.2 9.4
deflection (mm)
Dr Raghvendra Singh (M Tech, PhD (Geotechnical
3 Maximum shear 463.23 546.41 Engg.), IIT Kharagpur) Professor, Department of Civil
force (kN) Engineering 22 years teaching experience, 12 year
research experience, Guide: 20 B Tech., 20 M Tech.,
4 Maximum moment 160.45 204.71 02 PhD students, Research papers: 25 national &
nternational journal, 35 national & international
(kN-m) conferences. One ASCE paper was nominated for final selection. Email
5 Axial force (kN) 387.78 542.43 id:[email protected]

6 Maximum storey 13445.72 16762.54

force (kN)

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