SeaChest_PowerControl Revision: 04-Dec-2023

===============================================================================
SeaChest_PowerControl - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2023 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
See Version History below.
===============================================================================
Welcome to Seagate's SeaChest_PowerControl diagnostic software.

Optimization within the framework of a complex company data center requires

dynamic technology. As storage capacity demands increase due to virtualization
and growing volumes of data, managing power usage in an intelligent way is
critical for reducing Total Cost of Ownership (TCO).

There are, roughly, three general frameworks for disk drive power management.
The earlier specification is part of Advanced Power Management (APM) which
provided controls over many devices in a system, including disk drives. APM
has since been replaced by a new framework called Extended Power Controls
(EPC). Seagate's implementation of EPC began to phase in starting in 2010 and
is named by the marketing term "PowerChoice". Seagate PowerChoice
technology‚ specifically developed for enterprise environments‚ offers more
energy efficiency and control over the amount of power hard drives consume.

You may need to learn what capabilities for power management your drive offers,
such as supporting APM or EPC, and maybe both. See the commands
--showEPCSettings or --showAPMLevel(SATA Only) or --deviceInfo for various
reports containing power settings and features supported. Most enterprise
drives after 2016 only support EPC (PowerChoice).

PowerChoice technology improves on earlier technology and allows for

energy-saving during periods of command inactivity, allowing for greater power
reductions. As idle time increases, the power-saving benefits also increase,
and the drives will still quickly respond to commands even after long idling
periods. In addition, PowerChoice technology supports four customizable modes
to give businesses significantly more control of power usage by allowing for up
to a 54% reduction in the amount of energy used.

See the section below "How PowerChoice Technology Works"

The third and newest drive power management framework exists for SATA drives
and is named PowerBalance. Seagate's PowerBalance feature will adjust drive
performance during random operations to reduce power consumption of the drive.

This User Guide file contains important information about SeaChest_PowerControl.

Please read this entire file before using this software.

SeaChest is a comprehensive, easy-to-use command line diagnostic tool that

helps you quickly determine the status of your Seagate storage product.

Tests and commands which are completely data safe will run on any disk drive.
Tests and commands which change the drive (like firmware download or data
erasure or setting the maximum capacity, etc) are limited to Seagate disk
drives (this includes Seagate, Maxtor, Samsung and LaCie). Be careful using
SeaChest because some of the features, like the data erasure options, will
cause data loss. Seagate is not responsible for lost user data.

Note: One gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes when referring to hard
drive capacity. This software may use information provided by the operating
system to display capacity and volume size. The Windows file system uses a
binary calculation for gibibyte or GiB (2^30) which causes the abbreviated size
to appear smaller. The total number of bytes on a disk drive divided by the
decimal calculation for gigabyte or GB (10^9) shows the expected abbreviated
size. See this FAQ for more information
<http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/172191en?language=en_US>.

If this is your drive, you should always keep a current backup of your
important data.

Usage - Linux (run with sudo)

=============================
SeaChest_PowerControl [-d <sg_device>] {arguments} {options}

Examples - Linux
================
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl --scan
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg2 -i
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg1 --deviceInfo
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg3 --showEPCSettings
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg2 --idle_a 5000
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg1 --idle_b disable
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg3 --transitionPower standby_z
sudo SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg45 --idle_a 5000 --standby_z 30000 --
idle_b enable --idle_c disable

Usage - Windows (run as administrator)

======================================
SeaChest_PowerControl [-d <PD_device>] {arguments} {options}

Examples - Windows
==================
SeaChest_PowerControl --scan
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD0 -i
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD1 --deviceInfo
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD3 --showEPCSettings
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD2 --idle_a 5000
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD1 --idle_b disable
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD3 --transitionPower standby_z
SeaChest_PowerControl -d PD45 --idle_a 5000 --standby_z 30000 --idle_b
enable --idle_c disable

===================================================================================
=======
SeaChest_PowerControl - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled
Copyright (c) 2014-2023 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
SeaChest_PowerControl Version: 3.4.0-6_2_0 X86_64
Build Date: Dec 1 2023
Today: Mon Dec 4 10:44:17 2023 User: current user
===================================================================================
=======
Usage
=====
SeaChest_PowerControl [-d <sg_device>] {arguments} {options}

Examples
========
SeaChest_PowerControl --scan
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> -i
 SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --SATInfo
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --llInfo
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --checkPowerMode
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --showEPCSettings
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --idle_a 5000
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --idle_b disable
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --transitionPower standby_z
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --spinDown
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --transitionPowerState 1
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --showNVMPowerStates
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --idle_a 5000 --standby_z 30000 --idle_b
enable --idle_c disable
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --showPowerTelemetry
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --requestPowerMeasurement 120 --
powerMeasurementMode 12
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --EPCfeature enable
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --standby 15000
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --idle 5000
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --showAPMLevel
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --setAPMLevel 128
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --showPowerConsumption
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --setPowerConsumption 12
SeaChest_PowerControl -d /dev/sg<#> --setPowerConsumption lowest

Return codes
============
Generic/Common exit codes
0 = No Error Found
1 = Error in command line options
2 = Invalid Device Handle or Missing Device Handle
3 = Operation Failure
4 = Operation not supported
5 = Operation Aborted
6 = File Path Not Found
7 = Cannot Open File
8 = File Already Exists
9 = Need Elevated Privileges
Anything else = unknown error

Utility Options
===============
--echoCommandLine
Echo the command line entered into the utility on the screen.

--enableLegacyUSBPassthrough
Only use this option on old USB or IEEE1394 (Firewire)
products that do not otherwise work with the tool.
This option will enable a trial and error method that
attempts sending various ATA Identify commands through
vendor specific means. Because of this, certain products
that may respond in unintended ways since they may interpret
these commands differently than the bridge chip the command
was designed for.

--forceATA
Using this option will force the current drive to
be treated as a ATA drive. Only ATA commands will
be used to talk to the drive.
--forceATADMA (SATA Only)
Using this option will force the tool to issue SAT
commands to ATA device using the protocol set to DMA
whenever possible (on DMA commands).
This option can be combined with --forceATA

--forceATAPIO (SATA Only)

Using this option will force the tool to issue PIO
commands to ATA device when possible. This option can
be combined with --forceATA

--forceATAUDMA (SATA Only)

Using this option will force the tool to issue SAT
commands to ATA device using the protocol set to UDMA
whenever possible (on DMA commands).
This option can be combined with --forceATA

--forceSCSI
Using this option will force the current drive to
be treated as a SCSI drive. Only SCSI commands will
be used to talk to the drive.

-h, --help
Show utility options and example usage (this output you see now)
Please report bugs/suggestions to [email protected].
Include the output of --version information in the email.

--license
Display the Seagate End User License Agreement (EULA).

--modelMatch [model Number]

Use this option to run on all drives matching the provided
model number. This option will provide a closest match although
an exact match is preferred. Ex: ST500 will match ST500LM0001

--noBanner
Use this option to suppress the text banner that displays each time
openSeaChest is run.

--onlyFW [firmware revision]

Use this option to run on all drives matching the provided
firmware revision. This option will only do an exact match.

--onlySeagate
Use this option to match only Seagate drives for the options
provided

-q, --quiet
Run SeaChest_PowerControl in quiet mode. This is the same as
-v 0 or --verbose 0

-v [0-4], --verbose [0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4]
Show verbose information. Verbosity levels are:
0 - quiet
1 - default
2 - command descriptions
3 - command descriptions and values
4 - command descriptions, values, and data buffers
 Example: -v 3 or --verbose 3

-V, --version
Show SeaChest_PowerControl version and copyright information & exit

Utility Arguments
=================
-d, --device [deviceHandle | all]
Use this option with most commands to specify the device
handle on which to perform an operation. Example: /dev/sg<#>
To run across all devices detected in the system, use the
"all" argument instead of a device handle.
Example: -d all
NOTE: The "all" argument is handled by running the
specified options on each drive detected in the
OS sequentially. For parallel operations, please
use a script opening a separate instance for each
device handle.

-F, --scanFlags [option list]

Use this option to control the output from scan with the
options listed below. Multiple options can be combined.
ata - show only ATA (SATA) devices
usb - show only USB devices
scsi - show only SCSI (SAS) devices
nvme - show only NVMe devices
interfaceATA - show devices on an ATA interface
interfaceUSB - show devices on a USB interface
interfaceSCSI - show devices on a SCSI or SAS interface
interfaceNVME = show devices on an NVMe interface
sd - show sd device handles
sgtosd - show the sd and sg device handle mapping

-i, --deviceInfo
Show information and features for the storage device

--llInfo
Dump low-level information about the device to assist with debugging.

-s, --scan
Scan the system and list all storage devices with logical
/dev/sg<#> assignments. Shows model, serial and firmware
numbers. If your device is not listed on a scan immediately
after booting, then wait 10 seconds and run it again.

-S, --Scan
This option is the same as --scan or -s,
however it will also perform a low level rescan to pick up
other devices. This low level rescan may wake devices from low
power states and may cause the OS to re-enumerate them.
Use this option when a device is plugged in and not discovered in
a normal scan.
NOTE: A low-level rescan may not be available on all interfaces or
all OSs. The low-level rescan is not guaranteed to find additional
devices in the system when the device is unable to come to a ready
state.

--SATInfo
 Displays SATA device information on any interface
using both SCSI Inquiry / VPD / Log reported data
(translated according to SAT) and the ATA Identify / Log
reported data.

--testUnitReady
Issues a SCSI Test Unit Ready command and displays the
status. If the drive is not ready, the sense key, asc,
ascq, and fru will be displayed and a human readable
translation from the SPC spec will be displayed if one
is available.

--fastDiscovery
Use this option to issue a fast scan on the specified drive.

--checkPowerMode
Get the current power mode of a drive.
On SCSI devices, this will only work if the drive has
transitioned from active state to another state.

--EPCfeature [enable | disable]

Enables or disables Extended Power Conditions (EPC) support for
devices. To disable EPC use --EPCfeature disable. Note that the
EPC Feature Set is not supported on all devices.
Use --deviceInfo option to see if EPC is supported.

WARNING: The EPC settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices
with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--idle_a [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ]

Use this setting to change the EPC Idle_A power mode settings.
enable - enable the power state
disable - disable the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
EPC spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--idle_b [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ]

Use this setting to change the EPC Idle_B power mode settings.
enable - enable the power state
disable - disable the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
EPC spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.
 --idle_c [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ]
Use this setting to change the EPC Idle_C power mode settings.
enable - enable the power state
disable - disable
the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
EPC spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--powerMeasurementMode [all | 5 | 12] (Seagate Only)

Use this option along with --requestPowerMeasurement to specify
which sources to measure power on for the requested time.
all - measure all power sources
5 - measure only the 5v power
12 - measure only the 12v power

--requestPowerMeasurement [seconds to perform measurement] (Seagate Only)

This option is used to specify a time to perform a power
measurement for. The minimum measurement time is 22 seconds
and the maximum is 65535 seconds. If a time less than 22 seconds
is provided, 22 seconds will be used by the drive. A value greater
than 65535 will result in error.
Use the --powerMeasurementMode option to specify which mode to measure.

--powerBalanceFeature [ info | enable | disable | limited] (Seagate Only)

Use this option to see the state of the Seagate Power Balance
feature or to change its state.
Seagate's PowerBalance feature will adjust drive performance during
random operations to reduce power consumption of the drive.
info - will dump the state of the Power Balance feature on the screen
enable - use this to enable Power Balance (lowest power consumption)
disable - use this to disable Power Balance (hihgest power
consumption)
limited - 12w limited mode. Dual actuator SATA only
Note: While this feature is available on some SAS products,
it is recommended that the --setPowerConsumption option is
used instead since it allows more levels of control.
This option and the --setPowerConsumption option are incompatible
because they use the same mode page fields (1Ah-01h).

WARNING: Seagate Power Balance may affect all LUNs/namespaces for

devices
with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--showEPCSettings
Use this option to show the current EPC settings on the screen.
Only drives supporting the EPC feature will show this data and
only supported power conditions will be shown.

--showPowerTelemetry (Seagate Only)

Use this option to show the power telemetry data from
a Seagate drive that supports the power telemetry feature
 If a measurement was not previously requested, this will show
free-running mode data from the last 10 minutes.
If this option is provided while a measurement is still
in progress, this will show all data that is currently available
Use the --requestPowerMeasurement option to request a power
measurement with a set time window.

NOTE: Power measurements are for the full device, not individual
logical units. All logical units will be measured for this data.

--spinDown
Removes power to the disk drive motor with the Standby Immediate
command. Use this before moving a hard disk drive. The drive
will spin back up if the operating system selects the drive.
This means that an active drive will not stay spun down.

WARNING: Spindown may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--standby [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ] (Some

settings are SAS only)
Use this setting to change the standby power mode settings.
NOTE: This is the legacy standby timer before EPC drives.
If this is used on an EPC drive, this will modify
the standby_z power state and timer values.
enable - enable the power state (SAS Only)
disable - disable the power state (SAS Only)
default - restore default settings for this power state(SAS Only)
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
Spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

ATA drives can only change the standby timer, not disable it.
On ATA drives, the standby timer set by this command is volatile
and drive defaults are restored on next power cycle.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--standby_y [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ]

Use this setting to change the EPC Standby_Y power mode settings.
enable - enable the power state
disable - disable the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
EPC spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--standby_z [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ]

Use this setting to change the EPC Standby_Z power mode settings.
 enable - enable the power state
disable - disable the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
EPC spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--transitionPower [active | idle | idleUnload | standby | idle_a | idle_b |

idle_c | standby_y | standby_z | sleep]
Use this option to transition the drive to a specific power state.
EPC and legacy power states are supported. EPC states are only
available
on devices supporting the EPC feature.
Supported power states:
active
idle - idle mode (legacy mode equivalent to idle_a on EPC)
idleUnload - same as above, but heads are unloaded. This may not
be supported on all devices.
standby - standby mode (legacy mode equivalent to standby_z on EPC)
idle_a - EPC idle mode
idle_b - EPC lower power idle mode
idle_c - EPC lowest power idle mode
standby_y - EPC low power standby mode
standby_z - EPC lowest power standby mode
sleep - Sleep state. WARNING: This requires a reset to wake from.
Once in this state, this tool cannot wake the drive on its
own.
The OS or adapter will need to issue a reset, which may or
may not happen.

WARNING: Transitioning power modes may affect all LUNs/namespaces

for devices with multiple logical units or namespaces.

SATA Only:
=========
--disableAPM (SATA Only)
Use this option to disable the APM feature on a device.
Note: This command is optional and some device may not
disabling the APM feature.

--sataDAPSfeature [info | enable | disable] (SATA Only)

Use this option to enable or disable the SATA Device Automatic
Partial To Slumber Transitions (DAPS) feature. Use the "info"
option to see the current state of the DIPM feature on the device.
The use of this feature requires that the DIPM feature is enabled.
NOTE: Please ensure that the host adapter/controller/driver can
handle this before enabling it, otherwise the drive link may
go down and the device will not be able to communicate.

--sataDIPMfeature [info | enable | disable] (SATA Only)

Use this option to enable or disable the SATA Device Initiated
Power Management (DIPM) feature. Use the "info" option to see
 the current state of the DIPM feature on the device.
NOTE: Please ensure that the host adapter/controller/driver can
handle this before enabling it, otherwise the drive link may
go down and the device will not be able to communicate.

--setAPMLevel [1 - 254] (SATA Only)

Use this option to set the APM level of a device.
Valid values are between 1 and 254.
1 = Minimum power consumption with standby mode
2-127 = Intermediate power management with standby
mode
128 = Minimum power consumption without standby mode
129-253 = Intermediate power management without
standby mode
254 = Maximum Performance.

--showAPMLevel (SATA Only)

Use this option to show the current APM level of a device

SAS Only:
=========
--idle [ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ] (SAS Only)
Use this setting to change the idle power mode settings.
NOTE: This is the legacy idle timer before EPC drives.
If this is used on an EPC drive, this will modify
the idle_a power state and timer values.
enable - enable the power state
disable - disable the power state
default - restore default settings for this power state
timerValue - number of milliseconds to set for the timer
used in this power state. If a timer is provided
the state will also be enabled, if not already.
Spec timers are set in 100 millisecond increments.
Timers will be truncated to fit 100 millisecond
increments.

This is only available on SAS/SCSI drives as ATA drives did not

have a separate configurable
idle timer.

WARNING: EPC Settings may affect all LUNs/namespaces for devices

with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--sasPhy [phy number] (SAS Only)

Use this option to specify a specific phy to use
with another option that uses a phy identifier value.
Some tool options will assume all SAS Phys when this
option is not present. Others will produce an error when
a specific phy is needed for an operation.
Use the -i option to learn more about the supported phys.

--sasPhyPartial [info | enable | disable] (SAS Only)

Use this option to enable or disable the partial phy power
condition. This is from the enhanced phy control mode page.
Use the --sasPhy option to specify an individual phy,
otherwise this will be changed on all phys.
WARNING: Configuring this setting may cause the drive to be
undetectable by other hardware if this power condition is not
 supported by a controller or expander.

WARNING: Changing SAS Phy partial may affect all LUNs/namespaces for
devices
with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--sasPhySlumber [info | enable | disable] (SAS Only)

Use this option to enable or disable the slumber phy power
condition. This is from the enhanced phy control mode page.
Use the --sasPhy option to specify an individual phy,
otherwise this will be changed on all phys.
WARNING: Configuring this setting may cause the drive to be
undetectable by other hardware if this power condition is not
supported by a controller or expander.

WARNING: Changing SAS Phy slumber may affect all LUNs/namespaces for
devices
with multiple logical units or namespaces.

--setPowerConsumption [default | highest | intermediate | lowest | watt

value] (SAS Only)
This option will set the power consumption rate of
the device to the value input.
Options:
-default - sets the device back to default settings
-highest - sets the active level to "highest"
-intermediate - sets the active level to "intermediate"
-lowest - sets the active level to "lowest"
-watt value - sets the device to a nearest watt value
less than or equal to the value entered.
Power consumption watt values are listed with the
--showPowerConsumption command line option.

--showPowerConsumption (SAS Only)

This option will show the power consumption
rates supported by the device and the current power
consumption rate of the device. Use a supported watt value
with the --setPowerConsumption option to set the
power consumption to that value.

NVMe Only:
=========
--showNVMPowerStates (NVMe Only)
Use this option to display a device's supported power states.
--transitionPowerState [new power state] (NVMe Only)
Use this option to transition to a specific power state.
WARNING: Transitioning the drive to a non-operational power state
may make the device stop responding. The operating system
may or may not block this transition. It is recommended
to only use this option for operational power states
HINT:
Use --showNVMPowerStates to view the supported states

================
Tool Usage Hints
================
See Sample Output examples below.
First, run the SeaChest -s option to determine what /dev/sg? or PD? device
handle assignment lines up to your disk drive. This option will also show you
other details about the drive including the current firmware revision.

Linux:
Vendor Handle Model Number Serial Number FwRev
ATA /dev/sg0 ST94813AS 3AA043KP 3.03
SEAGATE /dev/sg1 ST1000NM0011 ZAA15VAS SN03

Windows:
Vendor Handle Model Number Serial Number FwRev
IDE PD0 ST94813AS 3AA043KP 3.03
SEAGATE PD1 ST1000NM0011 ZAA15VAS SN03

You can use SeaChest -s --onlySeagate to limit the display to just Seagate.

All utility arguments will require you to identify the specific drive by
providing the sg or PD device handle (-d, --device).

Lin example, SeaChest_Basics -d /dev/sg1 --shortDST --poll

Win example, SeaChest_Basics -d PD2 --shortDST --poll

You may combine multiple tests with a single command line. For example,
in Linux, SeaChest_Basics -d /dev/sg0 -i --smartCheck runs both identify and
SMART. In Windows, SeaChest_Basics -d PD0 -i --smartCheck runs both
identify and SMART.

Multiple device handles can be given by adding -d /dev/sg# for each additional
handle. Devices are processed in sequential order. For example, in Linux,
SeaChest_Basics -d /dev/sg0 -d /dev/sg3 -i runs identify on these two
devices. In Windows, SeaChest_Basics -d PD0 -d PD3 -i runs identify on
these two devices.

Caution: All device handles may be specified. However, great care should be
taken to fully anticipate the consequences of running a command on all storage
devices in a system. For example, a command to erase data on all drives could
be catastrophic or exactly what you want. The shortcut to select all devices is
-d all. Seagate is not responsible for lost user data. Along with the
designation for all devices, you can narrow the tasks to specific types of
drives by using the --onlySeagate, --modelMatch and --onlyFW filters.

If the task is an OFFLINE command like format unit or short DST, meaning that
the drive works on the task in the background and the tool quickly returns to
the command prompt (there is little or no I/O to the system), then you can
expect the system to run normally. If the task has high I/O to the system like
a sequential read of all sectors on the drive, then you can expect the system
to slow down with each additional device.

The discussion above is about starting SEQUENTIAL tests, or one after the
other. When the task does not return to the command prompt for a very long
time, then you have a few options to run tests in PARALLEL, also called
simultaneous, in other words all at the same time. One way is to start
different drives in different Terminal windows, if available. There are other
more sophisticated methods using parallel processing, for information about
these methods please see the information at this link:
https://github.com/Seagate/ToolBin/tree/master/SeaChest/parallel_testing

Tests which take a very long time to complete or erase all user data on the
drive will require a longer command line argument than indicated in the --help
output to the screen. This approach is taken to eliminate the possibility of
accidental data loss or the commitment of long test times. The longer command
arguments are similar to -I-understand-this-command-will-take-a-long-time or
-I-understand-this-command-will-erase-all-data.

Tests which alter the firmware or erase user data on the drive are limited to
Seagate-only products which include Seagate, Maxtor, Samsung and LaCie.

Advanced SAS installations may use dual ports. These are listed as Port 0 and
Port 1 on the device information report. When both ports are active, each one
may have a unique /dev/sg designation. The scan option may indicate that there
are two drives in the system with the same serial number. Dual port
installations will also report two different Worldwide Numbers (WWN).

Windows Only Usage

==================
All Windows version tools support finding CSMI devices and talking to them like
you would a normal device. The scan output will show all drives it detects
ONCE. CSMI device handles have a structure like csmi:<controller>:<port>:<lun>.
If a drive has both a PD? and csmi:?:?:? handle, then SeaChest will show the PD
handle instead of the CSMI handle.

When drives are in a RAID, the PD device handle is usually not available and
the CSMI handle may provide an alternate way to talk to the drive. Just
because a device has a CSMI handle doesn't mean it is part of a RAID.

If you want to see both handles, add --scanFlags allowDuplicates to the command
line. If you don't want to see any CSMI devices, add --scanFlags ignoreCSMI to
the command line. SeaChest_Info -d csmi:?:?:? --csmiInfo is useful when
troubleshooting CSMI device handles questions.
=========================
Linux General Usage Hints
=========================
Remember that Linux file names and command line arguments are cAsE SeNsiTiVe.

Display a file listing with the Linux command: ls -lah

The tool will require root privileges to run using either sudo or su commands.
Also, verify that the tool has executable rights.

A dot slash is a dot followed immediately by a forward slash (./). It is used

in Linux to execute a compiled program in the current directory when it is not
a built-in command or found in your path.

For example, ./SeaChest -d /dev/sg0 --shortDST --poll

or, sudo ./SeaChest -d /dev/sg0 --shortDST --poll

Shut down the files system and remove the power with the command:
poweroff

See previous screen history with the key combination:

Shift+PgUp or Shift+PgDn

Save a log file by redirecting the screen output to a text file by adding space
&>test.log at the end of your command line. Choose your own file name. To
append the screen output to an existing log file use >>test.log.

To save a log and display results at the conclusion of the tests, you can use
the "tee" command. Tee command writes to the STDOUT and to a file.
For example,
SeaChest --echoCommandLine -d /dev/sg0 -i --smartCheck | tee -a mySeaChestLog.txt

Display a log or text file with the Linux "less" command: less myfile.log
Press the letter q to quit displaying the file. Similarly, you can easily
read the Seagate License agreement by piping the output to the less
command with SeaChest --license |less

Display a list of sg (SCSI generic) devices with the command:

cat /sys/class/scsi_generic/sg*/device/model
or
ls /dev/sg*

sg devices include the following interfaces: SATA, USB, SCSI (SCSI, SAS and FC)

Add the command word 'time' on the same command line before the SeaChest
command to see how much time it takes to run a test.
For example, time ./SeaChest -d /dev/sg0 --shortDST --poll

When drives are not detected by SeaChest

--------------------------------------------
The problem is that the sg driver isn't loaded on the system on boot. You can
test if it is loaded by doing "ls /dev/sg*" and see if anything shows up. If
nothing shows up then the SG driver is missing (which is required by
SeaChest to issue commands).

You need to do "modprobe sg" as root to load the sg module (since it wasn't
compiled into the kernel), then you will get sg devices that we can scan and
find. Once you run the modprobe command and sg is successfully loaded, then you
can re-run "ls /dev/sg*" and see SG device nodes. SeaChest tools should
then be able to find devices once again.

How to control the amount of runtime kernel messages

----------------------------------------------------
When testing more drives than a system can hold, careful use of host adapters
and hot-plugging batches of drives (but never to direct motherboard
connections!) can help speed the process. The Linux operating system will
display various system error messages, or none, when storage devices are
powered down and exchanged with the next drives. The amount of information
contained in the OS error messages can be reviewed using the Linux utility
command "sysctl kernel.printk". The default setting is defined by the
particular distro. Tiny Core Linux, for example may set "4 4 1 7". To hide
hot-plugging messages try "3 4 1 7", to increase the messaging to include
device details like model numbers try "6 4 1 7". The command to set is 'sudo
sysctl -w kernel.printk="6 4 1 7"'. See man sysctl - "configure kernel
parameters at runtime" for more.

Tesing storage devices on the USB and Thunderbolt interfaces

------------------------------------------------------------
Sometimes, when testing a storage device, it is more convenient to attach it as
an external drive to the test system. In the case of SATA drives there are very
many SATA-to-USB 'bridge' adapters available. The quality and range of command
'passthrough' support for these adapters varies greatly. Our tools will
attempt to work through these adapters.

If your notebook has a Thunderbolt interface connection then you may be able to
test a wide range of devices. External Thunderbolt expansion systems provide a
PCIe slot in a chassis that can hold a SAS, NVMe, or SATA host adapter. The
host adapters would have cables that go out to your test bench where you would
provide the drive and an external power supply for the drives. Thunderbolt 2
expansion systems work in Linux by default. Thunderbolt 3 expansion systems
need to be enabled in the kernel with boot time options before it will be
recognized by the Linux operating system. See
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.14/admin-guide/thunderbolt.html for
information about how to activate the interface.

===========================
Windows General Usage Hints
===========================
The tool will require Administrative privileges to run.
Also, verify that the tool has executable rights.

Remember that the command line arguments are cAsE SeNsiTiVe.

Save a log file by redirecting the screen output to a text file by adding space
&>test.log at the end of your command line. Choose your own file name. To
append the screen output to an existing log file use >>test.log.

To save a log and display results at the conclusion of the tests, you can use
the powershell "tee" command. Tee command writes to the STDOUT and to a file.

For example:
powershell ".\SeaChest --echoCommandLine -d PD1 --smartCheck | tee -append
mySeaChestLog.txt"

Setup for Windows

-----------------
The SeaChest Utilities Setup places all of the files at "C:\Program
Files\Seagate\SeaChest" and adds an icon on the Desktop. Clicking the icon
will open a Windows command prompt in Administrator mode at this location.
From there you will need to type the full command line for the tool and device
and options to run the test you require. See the various SeaChest Help
documentation for descriptions and examples of the various commands.

Manual Launch for Windows

-------------------------
An individual SeaChest utility for Windows cannot be launched by just
clicking on the file name. If started that way, the SeaChest utility will
briefly show a black window box and quickly close. That is what happens when
trying to run it from the Windows File Manager.

This is a command line tool and the requirement is to open a Command Prompt as
Administrator. There are two easy ways to do this:
1. Windows Accessories, right-click the Command Prompt icon and select Run as
Administrator.
2. Click Windows Start. In the Start Search box, type cmd, and then press
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.

Then change drives or directory to where the SeaChest utility is located and
run the tool file name from there.

================================
How PowerChoice Technology Works
================================
See the Seagate technology paper "Seagate' PowerChoice' Technology Provides
Unprecedented Hard Drive Power Savings and Flexibility"
http://www.seagate.com/files/docs/pdf/en-GB/whitepaper/tp608-powerchoice-tech-
provides-gb.pdf

Each individual power condition builds on the capabilities of the previous

higher power condition in order to save incrementally more power. The specific
energy-saving steps implemented for each power condition are as follows:

Idle_A
- Disables most of the servo system, reduces processor and channel
power consumption
- Discs rotating at full speed (7,200 RPM)
Idle_B
- Disables most of the servo system, reduces processor and channel
power consumption
- Heads are unloaded to drive ramp.
- Discs rotating at full speed (7,200 RPM)
Idle_C/Standby_Y (SAS Only)
- Disables most of the servo system, reduces processor and channel
power consumption
- Heads are unloaded to drive ramp.
- Drive speed reduced to a lower RPM (reduced RPM)
Standby_Z
- Heads are unloaded to drive ramp.
- Drive motor is spun down.
- Drive still responds to non-media access host commands.

Flexibility is a key feature of PowerChoice technology, enabling commands from

the host side to customize power condition settings and direct a drive into or
out of power conditions as required. Two different options are available for
the user to modify PowerChoice technology settings, depending on the interface
used:

SAS
Host-definable timers via mode pages
Immediate host-commanded power transitions via Start/Stop Unit (SSU)
command
SATA
Host-definable timers via Set Features commands
Immediate host-commanded power transitions via Set Features commands

=============
Sample Output
=============

SATA HDD Device Information:

Lin: sudo ./SeaChest_Basics -i -d /dev/sg1

Win: SeaChest_Basics -i -d PD1
===============================================================================
SeaChest - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
===============================================================================
Model Number: ST4000DX001-1CE168
Serial Number: ZQ3034X7R
Firmware Revision: CC44
World Wide Name: 500Q0C5007A5FCF19
Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 4.00/3.64
Native Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 4.00/3.64
Temperature Data:
 Current Temperature (C): 25
Highest Temperature (C): 40
Lowest Temperature (C): 18
Humidity Data:
Current Humidity (%): Not Reported
Highest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Lowest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Power On Time: 4 days 1 hour
Power On Hours: 97.00
MaxLBA: 7814037167
Native MaxLBA: 7814037167
Logical Sector Size (B): 512
Physical Sector Size (B): 4096
Sector Alignment: 0
Rotation Rate (RPM): 5900
Form Factor (inch): 3.5
Last DST information:
Time since last DST (hours): 0.00
DST Status/Result: 0x0
DST Test run: 0x1
Interface speed:
Max Speed (Gb/s): 6.0
Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 6.0
Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 2.51
Total Bytes Read (GB): 6.65
Total Bytes Written (GB): 21.27
Drive Reported Utilization (%): Not Reported
Encryption Support: Not Supported
Cache Size (MiB): 64.00
Read Look-Ahead: Enabled
Write Cache: Enabled
SMART Status: Good
ATA Security Information: Supported, Frozen
Zoned Device Type: Not a Zoned Device
Firmware Download Support: Immediate, Segmented
Specifications Supported:
ACS-2
ATA8-ACS
ATA/ATAPI-7
ATA/ATAPI-6
ATA/ATAPI-5
ATA/ATAPI-4
SATA 3.1
SATA 3.0
SATA 2.6
SATA 2.5
SATA II: Extensions
SATA 1.0a
Features Supported:
NCQ
HPA
Power Management
Security
SMART
DCO
48bit Address
APM
GPL
Free-fall Control
 Write-Read-Verify

SATA SSD Device Information:

Lin: sudo ./SeaChest_Basics -i -d /dev/sg1

Win: SeaChest_Basics -i -d PD1
===============================================================================
SeaChest - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
===============================================================================
Model Number: ST120FP0021
Serial Number: PQ57011BD
Firmware Revision: B770
World Wide Name: 5000C501005A16633
Drive Capacity (GB/GiB): 120.03/111.79
Native Drive Capacity (GB/GiB): 120.03/111.79
Temperature Data:
Current Temperature (C): 26
Highest Temperature (C): 0
Lowest Temperature (C): 17
Humidity Data:
Current Humidity (%): Not Reported
Highest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Lowest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Power On Time: 2 days 23 hours
Power On Hours: 71.00
MaxLBA: 234441647
Native MaxLBA: 234441647
Logical Sector Size (B): 512
Physical Sector Size (B): 4096
Sector Alignment: 0
Rotation Rate (RPM): SSD
Form Factor (inch): 2.5
Last DST information:
Not supported
Interface speed:
Max Speed (Gb/s): 6.0
Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 3.0
Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 299.80
Total Bytes Read (TB): 2.35
Total Bytes Written (GB): 90.19
Drive Reported Utilization (%): Not Reported
Encryption Support: Not Supported
Cache Size (MiB): Not Reported
Percentage Used Endurance Indicator (%): 0.00000
Read Look-Ahead: Enabled
Write Cache: Enabled
SMART Status: Good
ATA Security Information: Supported, Frozen
Zoned Device Type: Not a Zoned Device
Firmware Download Support: Immediate, Segmented
Specifications Supported:
ATA8-ACS
ATA/ATAPI-7
ATA/ATAPI-6
ATA/ATAPI-5
ATA/ATAPI-4
SATA 3.0
 Features Supported:
Sanitize
NCQ
HPA
Power Management
Security
SMART
48bit Address
GPL
TRIM

SAS HDD Device Information:

Lin: sudo ./SeaChest_Basics -i -d /dev/sg1

Win: SeaChest_Basics -i -d PD1
===============================================================================
SeaChest - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
===============================================================================
Model Number: ST4000NM0043
Serial Number: Z1QZ04KVG
Firmware Revision: 0004
World Wide Name: 500Q0C5005594AEFB
Copyright: Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate All rights reserved
Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 4.00/3.64
Temperature Data:
Current Temperature (C): 28
Highest Temperature (C): Not Reported
Lowest Temperature (C): Not Reported
Humidity Data:
Current Humidity (%): Not Reported
Highest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Lowest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Power On Time: 61 days 11 hours 14 minutes
Power On Hours: 1475.23
MaxLBA: 7814037167
Native MaxLBA: Not Reported
Logical Sector Size (B): 512
Physical Sector Size (B): 512
Sector Alignment: 0
Rotation Rate (RPM): 7200
Form Factor (inch): 3.5
Last DST information:
Time since last DST (hours): 548.23
DST Status/Result: 0x0
DST Test run: 0x1
Interface speed:
Port 0 (Current Port)
Max Speed (GB/s): 6.0
Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 3.0
Port 1
Max Speed (GB/s): 6.0
Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): Not Reported
Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 0.02
Total Bytes Read (GB): 2.27
Total Bytes Written (GB): 2.39
Drive Reported Utilization (%): Not Reported
Encryption Support: Self Encrypting
 Cache Size (MiB): Not Reported
Read Look-Ahead: Enabled
Write Cache: Enabled
SMART Status: Good
ATA Security Information: Not Supported
Zoned Device Type: Not a Zoned Device
Firmware Download Support: Immediate
Specifications Supported:
SPC-4
Features Supported:
EPC
TCG
Self Test
Informational Exceptions
Format Unit
Sanitize

SAS SSD: Device Information

Lin: sudo ./SeaChest_Basics -i -d /dev/sg1

Win: SeaChest_Basics -i -d PD1
===============================================================================
SeaChest - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
===============================================================================
Model Number: ST400FM0053
Serial Number: P3QF13026
Firmware Revision: 0006
World Wide Name: 5000QC50069010B4B
Copyright: Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate All rights reserved -
Drive Capacity (GB/GiB): 400.09/372.61
Temperature Data:
Current Temperature (C): 34
Highest Temperature (C): Not Reported
Lowest Temperature (C): Not Reported
Humidity Data:
Current Humidity (%): Not Reported
Highest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Lowest Humidity (%): Not Reported
Power On Time: 30 days 21 hours 29 minutes
Power On Hours: 741.48
MaxLBA: 781422767
Native MaxLBA: Not Reported
Logical Sector Size (B): 512
Physical Sector Size (B): 4096
Sector Alignment: 0
Rotation Rate (RPM): SSD
Form Factor (inch): 2.5
Last DST information:
Time since last DST (hours): 434.48
DST Status/Result: 0x0
DST Test run: 0x1
Interface speed:
Port 0 (Current Port)
Max Speed (GB/s): 12.0
Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 3.0
Port 1
Max Speed (GB/s): 12.0
 Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): Not Reported
Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 9.48
Total Bytes Read (GB): 24.62
Total Bytes Written (GB): 837.41
Drive Reported Utilization (%): Not Reported
Encryption Support: Not Supported
Cache Size (MiB): Not Reported
Percentage Used Endurance Indicator (%): 1.00000
Read Look-Ahead: Enabled
Write Cache: Enabled
SMART Status: Good
ATA Security Information: Not Supported
Zoned Device Type: Not a Zoned Device
Firmware Download Support: Immediate, Segmented, Deferred
Specifications Supported:
SPC-4
Features Supported:
EPC
Power Comsumption
UNMAP
Self Test
Informational Exceptions
Format Unit
Sanitize

SATA SSD SMART Attributes example.

The drive will display its list of supported SMART attributes. Some attributes
are industry standard and most others are vendor unique. Most attributes are
informational and not used to determine a warranty return. Use the --smartCheck
command to determine if one of the warranty attributes has been tripped.

Reminder: Seagate Support does not help to analyze SMART attributes.

Lin: sudo ./SeaChest_Basics -d /dev/sg1 --smartAttributes

Win: SeaChest_Basics -d PD1 --smartAttributes
===============================================================================
SeaChest - Seagate drive utilities
Copyright (c) 2014-2022 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
===============================================================================
Attribute Name: Status: Nominal: Worst: Raw (hex):
1 Read Error Rate 0x000F 0x75 0x63 0x0000000969AFB4
3 Spin Up Time 0x0003 0x61 0x61 0x00000000000000
4 Start/Stop Count 0x0032 0x63 0x63 0x0000000000079E
5 Retired Sectors Count 0x0033 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
7 Seek Error Rate 0x000F 0x52 0x3C 0x0000000A4D0DAA
9 Power On Hours 0x0032 0x5D 0x5D 0x00000000001A84
10 Spin Retry Count 0x0013 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
12 Drive Power Cycle Count 0x0032 0x63 0x63 0x000000000007A5
184 IOEDC Count 0x0032 0x55 0x55 0x0000000000000F
187 Reported Un-correctable 0x0032 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
188 Command Timeout 0x0032 0x64 0xFD 0x00000000000000
189 High Fly Writes 0x003A 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
190 Airflow Temperature 0x0022 0x40 0x2E 0x00000026110024
191 Shock Sensor Counter 0x0032 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
192 Emergency Retract Count 0x0032 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000042
193 Load-Unlock Count 0x0032 0x44 0x44 0x0000000000FA61
194 Temperature 0x0022 0x24 0x36 0x00000A00000024
195 ECC On The Fly Count 0x001A 0x2D 0x29 0x0000000969AFB4
197 Pending-Sparing Count 0x0012 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
198 Offline Uncorrectable Sectors 0x0010 0x64 0x64 0x00000000000000
199 Ultra DMA CRC Error 0x003E 0xC8 0xC8 0x00000000000000

===============
Version History - SeaChest_PowerControl
===============
SeaChest_PowerChoice is branched off from SeaChest Basics v1.0.3.

v0.0.1 14-Apr-2015 Intitial PowerChoice release.

v0.0.2 12-Aug-2015 Added --testUnitReady. Improved device discovery.
Corrections to verbose output.
v0.0.4 22-Sep-2015 Added --showPowerConsumption and --setPowerConsumption,
both are SAS only.
v0.0.4 16-Oct-2015 1_7_0 libraries. Added enhanced version information.
Added -sat12byte to increase compatibility. Added
--SATInfo to compare ATA vs SCSI identification
differences.
v0.0.6 26-Jan-2016 1_8_1 libraries. Added --EPCfeature for SATA.
v1.0.0 02-May-2016 1_9_1 libraries. Added new verbosity level. Added
--onlySeagate restriction. Added --modelMatch and
--onlyFW filters.
v1.0.2 19-May-2016 1_9_2 libraries fixed scan information from ATAPI devices.
Fixed a bug where we could accidentally clear some stored
identify data from the device structure. Fixed continuing
on when there was a permission denied error opening a
drive. Fixed --checkPowerMode always returning "active" on
SAT interfaces (SATA over SAS). Fixed --transitionPower
always failing (It was trying an incompatible value).
v1.0.3 15-Jun-2016 1_9_3 libraries fixed issues with ATA secure erase
commands. Fixed bugs with --modelMatch and --onlyFW
filters.
v1.2.0 06-Jul-2016 1_10_0 libraries add --forceATA and --forceSCSI. Added
--showEPCSettings, --showAPMLevel, and --setAPMLevel.
v1.2.1 14-Jul-2016 1_10_1 libraries adds SMART and power management
functions, format polling, endianess detection, buffer
size fixes, SAS device statistics, Win32 IOCTL
pass-through fix on Win8 and higher. Added --disableAPM.
v1.3.0 01-Sep-2016 1_11_1 libraries updates to various printed message,
minor bug fixes. Fixed --SATInfo command.
v1.3.0 21-Sep-2016 1_11_2 libraries updates adds --forceATADMA, --forceATAPIO
and --forceATAUDMA (SATA Only).
v1.4.0 10-Oct-2016 1_11_4 libraries updates. Support for multiple devices.
v1.4.0 25-Oct-2016 1_11_5 libraries updates improved LaCie detection, adds
SAT Vendor ID, SAT Product ID, and SAT Product Revision to
the -i --SATInfo output.
v1.4.1 27-Oct-2016 1_11_6 libraries updates WWN detection. Added
--enableLegacyUSBPassthrough
v1.4.2 03-Nov-2016 1_11_7 libraries fixed issue with SAS EPC power mode
settings.
v1.4.2 13-Dec-2016 1_11_10 libraries fixes a problem when using maxLBA without
the corresponding command range option, SAS power mode
setting, and Sanitize erase patterns.
v1.5.0 23-Feb-2017 1_13_0 libraries adds support for SAS 12.0Gb/s and
22.5Gb/s physical bus speeds, support for double buffered
passthrough IOCTLs. EPCfeature now supports SAS. New -F,
--scanFlags [options: ignoreCSMI allowDuplicates] for
 Windows tools. Add CSMI support to all Windows version
tools.
v1.5.0 06-Mar-2017 1_13_2 libraries adds Enhanced device information output
for SAS features.
v1.6.0 14-Jun-2017 1_15_0 libraries adds bug fix malformed command line
should exit with code = 1; added detection of parallel ATA
and SCSI speeds; temperature data on ATA now uses the
values from the SCT status log or device statistics log.
Bug fix where the "-d all" was not filtering out csmi
drives like it is supposed to causing duplicate drives to
show up. Adds the child drive matching options
--childModelMatch, --childOnlyFW, and --childNewFW.
v1.7.0 14-Jul-2017 1_16_1 libraries adds support for ATA drives that have the
Sense Data Reporting feature enabled, changes to how we
interpret the completion status from the drive, new Sense
Data ASC, ASCQ definitions from SPC5. Adds --Scan (or -S,
note the capital S) aggressive system scan.
v1.7.0 27-Jul-2017 1_16_2 libraries enhances Seagate brand detection.
v1.7.0 19-Sep-2017 1_16_4 libraries fixes SCSI "--progress format", added
reading remanufacture time for SAS when the drive reports
a time, fixed SAS --abortDST.
v1.8.1 25-Sep-2017 1_17_0 libraries adds improved SATA device discovery on
SAS adapters, added NVMe read, write & Flush commands.
Added --powerBalanceFeature, --sataDAPSfeature and
--sataDIPMfeature, all of which are SATA only.
v1.8.2 10-Oct-2017 1_17_1 libraries adds Better handling of NVMe as a SCSI
device, SAT library strings, and fixes to Read-Buffer
error history (ISL). Updated copyright notice, invalid
command line options now only display an error instead of
long help. Name change from SeaChest_PowerChoice to
SeaChest_PowerControl.
v1.8.2 12-Oct-2017 1_17_3 libraries improves Fast-Format compatibility on SAS.
v1.8.2 26-Oct-2017 1_17_5 libraries fixes SATA drive discovery behind HBAs
that don't show as SATA and don't support the SAT VPD
page; added Automatic fallback to 12byte CDBs during
initial device discovery; integrated fixes for SAS
firmware download and fixes for SAS LongDST time
calculation; added detection of TCG Pyrite and Opalite
drives.
v1.8.2 31-Oct-2017 1_17_6 libraries adds ATA Security compatibility with SATL
on some LSI adapters, corrects firmware download issue
under Windows 10 API.
v1.8.2 02-Nov-2017 1_17_7 libraries fixes Long DST time on SCSI/SAS products.
v1.9.0 19-Apr-2018 1_18_0 libraries improves device detection of CD-ROM and
USB flash drives, support for early 90's PATA drives that
don't support LBA mode, bug fix where the last digit of
the SCSI Unit Serial Number was being dropped, additional
logic for deferred download completion status. --scan
--onlySeagate for just Seagate drives in a large system,
Long Drive Self Test Time in the -i output, write protect
status has been added for SCSI and NVMe in the -i output,
IDD enhancements for SAS, IDD enhancements to allow
captive mode on SATA, added USB Hacks to better support
some odd-ball USB devices and prevent crashes and improve
performance for some operations on them by issuing test
unit ready commands when something fails during device
discovery, automatic fall back to SAT 10 byte commands
during device discovery to help work with some USB
devices, some Legacy SCSI support enhancements (partially
 from USB hacks development), enhanced SD to SG mapping in
Linux. Added --idle (Immediate), --idleUnload, --standby
(Immediate), --active.
v1.9.1 21-Sep-2018 1_18_2 libraries Added in reading os-release PRETTY_NAME
field to get the OS name under linux; NVMe enabled; fixed
a bug in the ATA activate FW command; added in reading ID
Data log and Device statistics logs page 0 to check the
list of supported pages; fixed a bug in the loop used to
read mode pages for -i information on SAS; IDD SAS
improvements; fixed a bug in DST & Clean with ATA drives
behind SCSI controllers. Fix for --modelMatch that have
spaces in the name. Added additional information to the
banner and -V data to show support levels. Add general
support for NVMe and NVMe specific identify data to "-i"
command.
v1.9.1 18-Oct-2018 1_18_3 libraries Added NVMe generic read command support.
v1.10.0 03-May-2019 1_19_18 libraries added per device verbosity, --deviceInfo
adds SAS (not SATA) FastFormat for Features Supported
section, --deviceInfo now gives Low Current Spinup
status.
v1.10.0 10-Jun-2019 1_19_23 libraries added SNTL (SCSI to NVMe translator),
updated software SAT translator to use dataset management
XL command, fixes for issuing vendor unique commands under
Windows, improved fast format support detection, and
refactored verbose output for NVMe commands.
v2.0.0 19-Feb-2020 1_21_30 libraries add in check for Elevated Privileges
(sudo, run as administrator) before trying to talk to
devices, new exit code 9 if privileges are missing;
printing the USB VID/PID in the device info; fix to sg
helper to support large systems; many changes in support
of dual actuators (example: warning that EPC settings
affect multiple LUNs); overhaul to USB device detection
and support, incorporating a new USB hacks and workarounds
approach which uses a lookup table listing various USB
bridge VIDs/PIDs and their specific issues; separate
Seagate SAS SN and PCBA SN.

v2 is a significant overhaul of the tool:

These old v1 commands are retired:
--active,--changePower, --defaultMode, --disableMode,
--enableMode, --idle, --idleUnload, --powerMode
[powermode], --sleep, --standby, --modeTimer [timer value
in milliseconds], --transitionPower.

And transitioned to these new v2 commands: --idle [ enable

| disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ], --idle_a [
enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ],
--idle_b [ enable | disable | default |
timerValueMilliseconds ], --idle_c [ enable | disable |
default | timerValueMilliseconds ], --standby_y [ enable |
disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ], --standby_z
[ enable | disable | default | timerValueMilliseconds ],
--standby [ enable | disable | default |
timerValueMilliseconds ] (Some settings are SAS only),
--transitionPower [active | idle | idleUnload | standby |
idle_a | idle_b | idle_c | standby_y | standby_z | sleep]

These v2 commands are new: --powerMeasurementMode [all | 5

| 12], --requestPowerMeasurement [seconds to perform
 measurement], --showPowerTelemetry, --sasPhy [phy number]
(SAS Only), --sasPhyPartial [info | enable | disable] (SAS
Only), --sasPhySlumber [info | enable | disable] (SAS
Only), --transitionPowerState [new power state]
v2.0.1 13-Apr-2020 1_21_30 libraries, fix memory allocation during the scan
command.
v3.0.0 20-Nov-2020 Changed how scan-flags are parsed. CSMI rewrite and initial
Intel RST NVMe support added. Numerous code quality
improvements
which fixed many potential bugs and memory leaks. Improved
support for openfabrics NVMe drivers. Changed permissions
detection to show warnings rather than errors. Removed
obsolete
CSMI and SAT 12B CDB options. CSMI handles now show as
csmi:?:?:?
Fixed a bug where changing SATA EPC settings only updated
idle_a
v3.0.1 12-Feb-2021 Improved argument parsing to accept hex in addition to decimal
for
many different options.
v3.0.2 27-Apr-2021 Change in API to get time for showing to the screen in power
telemetry.
v3.0.2 16-Jun-2021 Pulled in updates to opensea-libs which includes the
following:
Minor USB compatibility improvements and more products added
to the list with their specific workarounds.
Updated NVMe compatibility for FreeBSD 11.
Support for detection and showing of concurrent positioning
(new multi-actuator support from the standards).
Update to new method for enabling Seagate Power-Balance on new
SAS products. Old method is preserved for old products as
well.
v3.3.1 28-Feb-2023 Includes new --noBanner option and new fast discovery option
that can be used in situations where super critical
performance
is required at a loss of information about a drive's
capabilities.
Help now has many more examples of the options in the tool.
Fixed a few bugs in scan and device discovery that could cause
a crash or the tool to list no devices found.
Added option to dump low-level info to assist with debugging.
Added date of manufacture info to the -i output when
available.
Fixed some big endian compatibility issues discovered on AIX.
v3.3.1 27-Mar-2023 opensea-transport updated to fix CSMI scan duplicating devices
found in certain scenarios.
v3.4.0 01-Dec-2023 Updated to newer opensea-libs to pull in low-level fixes.
Added showing NVMe power states.
Fixed reading SAS EPC recovery times.
Stopped reading /etc/passwd file to show username in banner.
Banner will now show either "admin"/"root" or "current user".
Improved parsing of linux distro/release information from
/etc/os-release file.
Fixed a bug in byte swap string used to get ATA MN, SN, FW.
Fixed a bug in getting/reporting power on hours as years,
days, hours, etc where days was being truncated.
Fixed error reading NVMe features in Windows for drive info.
Fixed SAS Date of manufacture in drive info.
Added detection of HPA security feature.
 Added more SMART attributes definitions for Seagate HDDs &
SSDs,
and more definitions for Maxtor HDDs.
Improved temperature detection from older HDDs with only
SMART attribute 194 reporting current temperature.
Added separate warning for SMART attributes below threshold
that
are not considered prefail/warranty attributes (aka failures).
Fixed output of Seagate Airflow temperature SMART attribute.
Added showing new capacity after changing Max LBA.
Fixed possible segmentation fault when reading /etc/mtab in
Linux.
Workaround for some SAS drives on some HBAs reporting
incorrect
response to SAT A1h CDB.
Fixed a bug in FreeBSD causing non-data ATA commands to report
all zeroes instead of expected output in
RTFRs.=======================================
About SeaChest Command Line Diagnostics
=======================================
Seagate offers both graphical user interface (GUI) and command line interface
(CLI) diagnostic tools for our storage devices. SeaTools for Windows and
SeaTools Bootable for end users are the two most popular GUI tools. These
tools support 15 languages.

SeaChest diagnostics are command line utilities which are available for expert
users. These command line tools assume the user is knowledgeable about running
software from the operating system command prompt. CLI tools are in the
English language only and use "command line arguments" to define the various
tasks and specific devices. SeaChest diagnostics are available for both Linux
and Windows environments.

Linux versions of SeaChest tools are available as stand alone 32 or 64-bit

executables you can copy to your own system. Windows OS versions of SeaChest
diagnostics are installed through a typical setup wizard and can be removed via
the Control Panel.

In addition, Seagate offers a tool to build a bootable USB SeaChest flash drive
which boots to a 64-bit Linux command prompt. This is a Windows executable
file which formats a USB Flash drive you provide. It copies over all the files
needed to use it as a bootable device for the SeaChest diagnostic software.
All data on the USB Flash drive will be erased so be sure to protect any
valuable files.

Technical Support for SeaChest drive utilities is not available. If you have
the time to send us some feedback about this software, especially if you notice
something we should fix or improve, we would greatly appreciate hearing from
you. To report your comments and suggestions, please use this email
[email protected]. Please let us know the name and version of the tool you
are using.

SeaChest drive utilities support SATA, SAS and USB interface devices.

SeaChest Basics - Contains the most important tests and tools.

Other SeaChest "break out" utilities are available and listed below which offer
more in-depth functionality in specific areas. These are:

SeaChest Configure - Tools to control various settings on the drives are

brought together into this one tool. Typical commands, for example, include
Write Cache and Read Lookahead Cache enable or disable.

SeaChest Erase - The focus is on data erasure. There are many different
choices for erasing data from simple boot track erase to full cryptographic
erasure (when supported). Be sure to back up important data before using this
tool. Seagate is not responsible for lost user data. This tool only works on
Seagate drives.

SeaChest Firmware - Seagate products are run by firmware. Having the latest
firmware can improve performance and or reliability of your product. Seagate
recommends applying new firmware to enhance the performance and or reliability
of your drive. Most products may see one or two firmware updates within the
early life of the product.

SeaChest Format - Storage products which utilize the SAS, SCSI or Fibre
Channel interfaces are able to perform a full low-level media format in the
field. The SCSI Format Unit command offers many specialty options to
accommodate a variety of conditions and to fine tune the procedure. This tool
also support NVMe format and SATA sector size changes a.k.a. Fast Format.
Also in this tool is the ability to depopulate a head from use as it wears out
so that the device can continue being used at a reduced capacity until completely
worn out. These complex commands deserve their own "break out" utility.

SeaChest GenericTests - Read Tests are the original disk drive diagnostic which
is to just read every sector on the drive, sequentially. This tool offers
several common read tests which can be defined by either time or range. In
addition, the Long Generic test has the ability to repair problem sectors,
possibly eliminating an unnecessary drive return.

SeaChest Info - Historical generic activity logs (like total bytes written and
power on hours) and performance logs (like temperature) are available for
analytical review. Identification and inquiry data stored on the drive is also
provided. A view of SMART and device statistics is available when supported by
the drive.

SeaChest NVMe - contains some options specific to NVMe devices. This tool started
as a test tool and many options are present in other SeaChest utilities now.

SeaChest PowerControl - Seagate disk drives offer a multitude of options to

manage power. This tool manipulates the various power modes.

SeaChest Security - Various settings are available on modern Seagate disk

drives which may be locked and unlocked. These settings may interact with the
operating systems and systems BIOS. Options also include cryptographic erase
for Self-Encrypting Drives (SED).

SeaChest SMART - This tool provides a closer look at the collected SMART
attributes data. SMART stands for Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting
Technology. Short Drive Self Test is included as one of the standard SMART
commands. In addition, the DST & Clean test has the ability to repair problem
sectors, possibly eliminating an unnecessary drive return.

=================================
Support and Open Source Statement
=================================
Seagate offers technical support for disk drive installation. If you have any
questions related to Seagate products and technologies, feel free to submit
your request on our web site. See the web site for a list of world-wide
telephone numbers.

Seagate Support:
http://www.seagate.com/support-home/
Contact Us:
http://www.seagate.com/contacts/

This software uses open source packages obtained with permission from the
relevant parties. For a complete list of open source components, sources and
licenses, please see our Linux USB Boot Maker Utility FAQ for additional
information.

SeaChest Utilities use libraries from the opensea source code projects. These
projects are maintained at http://github.com/seagate.
The libraries in use are opensea-common, opensea-transport and
opensea-operations. These libraries are available under the Mozilla Public
License 2.0, license shown below.

The newest online version of the SeaChest Utilities documentation, open source
usage and acknowledgement licenses can be found at:
http://support.seagate.com/seachest/SeaChest_Combo_UserGuides.html

The USB Boot Maker Utility for Windows utilizes the NSIS Installer
v2.46.5-Unicode (http://nsis.sourceforge.net).

All Linux versions of the SeaChest Utilities are compiled using GCC, the GNU
Compiler Collection, license shown below.

All Windows versions of the SeaChest Utilities uses an open source project
named wingetopt, license shown below.

SeaChest_Firmware uses two open source projects named mbedtls and zlib.h,
licenses shown below.

Copyright (c) 2014-2023 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights
Reserved
======================================================================

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FOR SEAGATE SOFTWARE

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5.4.2016

===========================================================================
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library as you

received it specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU Lesser
General Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
option of following the terms and conditions either of that published version
or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
Library as you received it does not specify a version number of the GNU
Lesser General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.

If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide whether
future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall apply, that
proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is permanent
authorization for you to choose that version for the Library.

===========================================================================

SeaChest tools for Windows utilize wingetopt

(https://github.com/alex85k/wingetopt).

getopt library for Windows compilers

This library was created to allow compilation linux-based software on Windows.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getopt
The sources were taken from MinGW-runtime project.

AUTHORS:

Todd C. Miller [email protected]

The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
LICENSE

Copyright (c) 2002 Todd C. Miller <[email protected]>

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose
with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice
and this permission notice appear in all copies.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects

Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
All rights reserved.

This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation by

Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

======================================================================

SOURCE CODE files of the opensea open source project have been made available
to you under the Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL). Mozilla is the custodian of
the Mozilla Public License ("MPL"), an open source/free software license.

https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/
Mozilla Public License Version 2.0
==================================

1. Definitions
--------------

1.1. "Contributor"
means each individual or legal entity that creates, contributes to
the creation of, or owns Covered Software.

1.2. "Contributor Version"

means the combination of the Contributions of others (if any) used
by a Contributor and that particular Contributor's Contribution.

1.3. "Contribution"
means Covered Software of a particular Contributor.

1.4. "Covered Software"

means Source Code Form to which the initial Contributor has attached
the notice in Exhibit A, the Executable Form of such Source Code
Form, and Modifications of such Source Code Form, in each case
including portions thereof.

1.5. "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses"

means

(a) that the initial Contributor has attached the notice described
in Exhibit B to the Covered Software; or

(b) that the Covered Software was made available under the terms of
version 1.1 or earlier of the License, but not also under the
terms of a Secondary License.

1.6. "Executable Form"

means any form of the work other than Source Code Form.

1.7. "Larger Work"

means a work that combines Covered Software with other material, in
a separate file or files, that is not Covered Software.

1.8. "License"
means this document.

1.9. "Licensable"
means having the right to grant, to the maximum extent possible,
whether at the time of the initial grant or subsequently, any and
all of the rights conveyed by this License.

1.10. "Modifications"
means any of the following:

(a) any file in Source Code Form that results from an addition to,
deletion from, or modification of the contents of Covered
Software; or

(b) any new file in Source Code Form that contains any Covered
Software.

1.11. "Patent Claims" of a Contributor

 means any patent claim(s), including without limitation, method,
process, and apparatus claims, in any patent Licensable by such
Contributor that would be infringed, but for the grant of the
License, by the making, using, selling, offering for sale, having
made, import, or transfer of either its Contributions or its
Contributor Version.

1.12. "Secondary License"

means either the GNU General Public License, Version 2.0, the GNU
Lesser General Public License, Version 2.1, the GNU Affero General
Public License, Version 3.0, or any later versions of those
licenses.

1.13. "Source Code Form"

means the form of the work preferred for making modifications.

1.14. "You" (or "Your")

means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under this
License. For legal entities, "You" includes any entity that
controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with You. For
purposes of this definition, "control" means (a) the power, direct
or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity,
whether by contract or otherwise, or (b) ownership of more than
fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares or beneficial
ownership of such entity.

2. License Grants and Conditions

--------------------------------

2.1. Grants

Each Contributor hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free,

non-exclusive license:

(a) under intellectual property rights (other than patent or trademark)

Licensable by such Contributor to use, reproduce, make available,
modify, display, perform, distribute, and otherwise exploit its
Contributions, either on an unmodified basis, with Modifications, or
as part of a Larger Work; and

(b) under Patent Claims of such Contributor to make, use, sell, offer
for sale, have made, import, and otherwise transfer either its
Contributions or its Contributor Version.

2.2. Effective Date

The licenses granted in Section 2.1 with respect to any Contribution

become effective for each Contribution on the date the Contributor first
distributes such Contribution.

2.3. Limitations on Grant Scope

The licenses granted in this Section 2 are the only rights granted under
this License. No additional rights or licenses will be implied from the
distribution or licensing of Covered Software under this License.
Notwithstanding Section 2.1(b) above, no patent license is granted by a
Contributor:

(a) for any code that a Contributor has removed from Covered Software;
 or

(b) for infringements caused by: (i) Your and any other third party's
modifications of Covered Software, or (ii) the combination of its
Contributions with other software (except as part of its Contributor
Version); or

(c) under Patent Claims infringed by Covered Software in the absence of

its Contributions.

This License does not grant any rights in the trademarks, service marks,
or logos of any Contributor (except as may be necessary to comply with
the notice requirements in Section 3.4).

2.4. Subsequent Licenses

No Contributor makes additional grants as a result of Your choice to

distribute the Covered Software under a subsequent version of this
License (see Section 10.2) or under the terms of a Secondary License (if
permitted under the terms of Section 3.3).

2.5. Representation

Each Contributor represents that the Contributor believes its

Contributions are its original creation(s) or it has sufficient rights
to grant the rights to its Contributions conveyed by this License.

2.6. Fair Use

This License is not intended to limit any rights You have under
applicable copyright doctrines of fair use, fair dealing, or other
equivalents.

2.7. Conditions

Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 are conditions of the licenses granted
in Section 2.1.

3. Responsibilities
-------------------

3.1. Distribution of Source Form

All distribution of Covered Software in Source Code Form, including any

Modifications that You create or to which You contribute, must be under
the terms of this License. You must inform recipients that the Source
Code Form of the Covered Software is governed by the terms of this
License, and how they can obtain a copy of this License. You may not
attempt to alter or restrict the recipients' rights in the Source Code
Form.

3.2. Distribution of Executable Form

If You distribute Covered Software in Executable Form then:

(a) such Covered Software must also be made available in Source Code
Form, as described in Section 3.1, and You must inform recipients of
the Executable Form how they can obtain a copy of such Source Code
Form by reasonable means in a timely manner, at a charge no more
 than the cost of distribution to the recipient; and

(b) You may distribute such Executable Form under the terms of this
License, or sublicense it under different terms, provided that the
license for the Executable Form does not attempt to limit or alter
the recipients' rights in the Source Code Form under this License.

3.3. Distribution of a Larger Work

You may create and distribute a Larger Work under terms of Your choice,
provided that You also comply with the requirements of this License for
the Covered Software. If the Larger Work is a combination of Covered
Software with a work governed by one or more Secondary Licenses, and the
Covered Software is not Incompatible With Secondary Licenses, this
License permits You to additionally distribute such Covered Software
under the terms of such Secondary License(s), so that the recipient of
the Larger Work may, at their option, further distribute the Covered
Software under the terms of either this License or such Secondary
License(s).

3.4. Notices

You may not remove or alter the substance of any license notices
(including copyright notices, patent notices, disclaimers of warranty,
or limitations of liability) contained within the Source Code Form of
the Covered Software, except that You may alter any license notices to
the extent required to remedy known factual inaccuracies.

3.5. Application of Additional Terms

You may choose to offer, and to charge a fee for, warranty, support,
indemnity or liability obligations to one or more recipients of Covered
Software. However, You may do so only on Your own behalf, and not on
behalf of any Contributor. You must make it absolutely clear that any
such warranty, support, indemnity, or liability obligation is offered by
You alone, and You hereby agree to indemnify every Contributor for any
liability incurred by such Contributor as a result of warranty, support,
indemnity or liability terms You offer. You may include additional
disclaimers of warranty and limitations of liability specific to any
jurisdiction.

4. Inability to Comply Due to Statute or Regulation

---------------------------------------------------

If it is impossible for You to comply with any of the terms of this

License with respect to some or all of the Covered Software due to
statute, judicial order, or regulation then You must: (a) comply with
the terms of this License to the maximum extent possible; and (b)
describe the limitations and the code they affect. Such description must
be placed in a text file included with all distributions of the Covered
Software under this License. Except to the extent prohibited by statute
or regulation, such description must be sufficiently detailed for a
recipient of ordinary skill to be able to understand it.

5. Termination
--------------

5.1. The rights granted under this License will terminate automatically
if You fail to comply with any of its terms. However, if You become
compliant, then the rights granted under this License from a particular
Contributor are reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until such
Contributor explicitly and finally terminates Your grants, and (b) on an
ongoing basis, if such Contributor fails to notify You of the
non-compliance by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after You have
come back into compliance. Moreover, Your grants from a particular
Contributor are reinstated on an ongoing basis if such Contributor
notifies You of the non-compliance by some reasonable means, this is the
first time You have received notice of non-compliance with this License
from such Contributor, and You become compliant prior to 30 days after
Your receipt of the notice.

5.2. If You initiate litigation against any entity by asserting a patent

infringement claim (excluding declaratory judgment actions,
counter-claims, and cross-claims) alleging that a Contributor Version
directly or indirectly infringes any patent, then the rights granted to
You by any and all Contributors for the Covered Software under Section
2.1 of this License shall terminate.

5.3. In the event of termination under Sections 5.1 or 5.2 above, all
end user license agreements (excluding distributors and resellers) which
have been validly granted by You or Your distributors under this License
prior to termination shall survive termination.

************************************************************************
* *
* 6. Disclaimer of Warranty *
* ------------------------- *
* *
* Covered Software is provided under this License on an "as is" *
* basis, without warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, or *
* statutory, including, without limitation, warranties that the *
* Covered Software is free of defects, merchantable, fit for a *
* particular purpose or non-infringing. The entire risk as to the *
* quality and performance of the Covered Software is with You. *
* Should any Covered Software prove defective in any respect, You *
* (not any Contributor) assume the cost of any necessary servicing, *
* repair, or correction. This disclaimer of warranty constitutes an *
* essential part of this License. No use of any Covered Software is *
* authorized under this License except under this disclaimer. *
* *
************************************************************************

************************************************************************
* *
* 7. Limitation of Liability *
* -------------------------- *
* *
* Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether tort *
* (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any *
* Contributor, or anyone who distributes Covered Software as *
* permitted above, be liable to You for any direct, indirect, *
* special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character *
* including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of *
* goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any *
* and all other commercial damages or losses, even if such party *
* shall have been informed of the possibility of such damages. This *
* limitation of liability shall not apply to liability for death or *
* personal injury resulting from such party's negligence to the *
* extent applicable law prohibits such limitation. Some *
* jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of *
* incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion and *
* limitation may not apply to You. *
* *
************************************************************************

8. Litigation
-------------

Any litigation relating to this License may be brought only in the

courts of a jurisdiction where the defendant maintains its principal
place of business and such litigation shall be governed by laws of that
jurisdiction, without reference to its conflict-of-law provisions.
Nothing in this Section shall prevent a party's ability to bring
cross-claims or counter-claims.

9. Miscellaneous
----------------

This License represents the complete agreement concerning the subject

matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be
unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent
necessary to make it enforceable. Any law or regulation which provides
that the language of a contract shall be construed against the drafter
shall not be used to construe this License against a Contributor.

10. Versions of the License

---------------------------

10.1. New Versions

Mozilla Foundation is the license steward. Except as provided in Section

10.3, no one other than the license steward has the right to modify or
publish new versions of this License. Each version will be given a
distinguishing version number.

10.2. Effect of New Versions

You may distribute the Covered Software under the terms of the version
of the License under which You originally received the Covered Software,
or under the terms of any subsequent version published by the license
steward.

10.3. Modified Versions

If you create software not governed by this License, and you want to
create a new license for such software, you may create and use a
modified version of this License if you rename the license and remove
any references to the name of the license steward (except to note that
such modified license differs from this License).

10.4. Distributing Source Code Form that is Incompatible With Secondary

Licenses

If You choose to distribute Source Code Form that is Incompatible With

Secondary Licenses under the terms of this version of the License, the
notice described in Exhibit B of this License must be attached.
Exhibit A - Source Code Form License Notice
-------------------------------------------

This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

If it is not possible or desirable to put the notice in a particular

file, then You may include the notice in a location (such as a LICENSE
file in a relevant directory) where a recipient would be likely to look
for such a notice.

You may add additional accurate notices of copyright ownership.

Exhibit B - "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses" Notice

---------------------------------------------------------

This Source Code Form is "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses", as

defined by the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0.