A Synopsis

On
“MER STACK”

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

AWARD OF THE DEGREE
OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (AIML ENGINEERING)

SUBMITTED BY

Student Name Roll No

Gaikwad Nilesh Nvrutti 43

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Shelar S.A

DEPARTMENT OF AIML ENGINEERING

Samarth Group of Institutions College of Engineering and Management.

On Kalyan-A.nagar High-Way, A/P-Belhe, Tal-Junnar, Dist-Pune, (MH). PIN-412410,
Maharashtra.

SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY

2024-2025
 Introduction

Web development involves creating websites or web applications that run on the internet. It covers
both the front-end (what users see and interact with) and the back-end (server-side logic and
databases). Here’s a basic introduction to the main areas of web development:

Key Concepts in MERN Stack Develpoment:-

1. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (The Core of Web Development):-

• HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language): Defines the structure of web pages. It’s the
skeleton of a webpage, organizing content like headings, paragraphs, images, and links.

• CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Manages the presentation and layout of web pages. It
controls visual aspects such as colors, fonts, margins, and positioning.

• Java Script: A programming language that enables dynamic behavior on web pages. It allows
for interaction, animations, and updates to content without reloading the page.
2. Responsive Web Design :-

• Responsive Design: Ensures that web pages look and function well across different screen
sizes and devices (e.g., desktops, tablets, smartphones).

• Media Queries: A CSS feature that helps apply different styles based on the device’s
characteristics (e.g., width or orientation).

• Flexible Grid Systems: Layout techniques that adjust content to fit varying screen sizes.

• Fluid Images and Content: Ensures that media (like images) scales properly on different
devices.

3. Client-Side vs. Server-Side:-

• Client-Side (Front-End): Refers to everything the user experiences in the browser. This
includes HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The client-side code is executed on the user’s
computer.

• Server-Side (Back-End): Refers to processes that happen on a web server. This includes
databases, server logic, and APIs. The server-side code handles data processing,
authentication, and serving web pages to the client.
 4. Web Hosting and Domain Names

• Web Hosting: A service that provides the infrastructure for hosting your website and making
it accessible to users via the internet.

• Domain Names: A human-readable address (e.g., www.example.com) that directs users to

your website’s server.

Benefits of Webdevelpoment:
• High Demand: With the internet becoming integral to modern life, web developers are in high
demand. Businesses of all sizes need websites, apps, and online services

• Diverse Roles : Web development opens doors to various career paths, such as front-end
developer, back-end developer, full-stack developer, UX/UI designer, and more.

• Remote Work Flexibility:- Web development often allows for remote work, providing
flexibility in terms of work location and schedules.
.
Popular Blockchain Platforms:

• Wordpress: WordPress powers over 40% of websites on the internet, making it the most
popular web development platform. It's widely used for building blogs, portfolios, and
small-to-medium business websites.

• Wix: Wix is a drag-and-drop website builder ideal for small businesses, portfolios, and
simple e-commerce stores.

• Shopify: Shopify is one of the leading platforms for building online stores. It offers
comprehensive e-commerce features, including product management, payment gateways,
and shipping integration.

Use Cases of WebDevelpoment:

1.Personal Websites and portfolios: Individuals create personal websites to showcase their skills,
projects, and experiences. These are particularly useful for freelancers, designers, and
developers
2.Business Websites : Companies create websites to represent their brand, provide information
about their services, and interact with customers.
 3. E-commerce Platforms: Web development allows businesses to sell products or services
directly through websites with integrated shopping features
4.Web Applications: Complex web applications built to perform specific tasks or provide services
directly through a browser, often replacing desktop apps
5.Social Media Platforms: Web development powers social networking sites where users can
connect, share, and communicate with one another

Challenges and Considerations:

Browser Compatibility: Ensuring that a website works across different browsers (e.g., Chrome,
Firefox, Safari, Edge) and their various versions.
• Responsive Design : Ensuring that a website looks and functions well on a variety of screen
sizes, from smartphones to large desktop monitors

• SEO (Search Engine Optimization) : Ensuring that a website ranks well on search engines
like Google.

Need of Project

Web development is essential in today's digital age for a variety of reasons. It is the foundation of
creating websites and web applications that businesses, individuals, and organizations rely on to
operate and grow. Here are some key reasons highlighting the need for web development:

1. Online Presence and Accessibility :-

• Reason : Most businesses and individuals need an online presence to reach their target
audience, provide information, and showcase products or services.

• Benifit: Web development ensures that businesses are accessible 24/7, enabling users to
interact with their brand at any time from anywhere.

2. Enhanced Customer Engagement:-

• Reason: Websites and web apps provide an interactive platform where businesses can
engage with customers directly.

• Benefit: Features like chatbots, forms, and feedback sections allow real-time interaction,
improving customer service and satisfaction.

3.Global Reach:-

• Reason: Web development allows businesses to expand beyond local markets and connect
with a global audience.
 • Benefit: Websites provide a platform for businesses to showcase their products and services
to people around the world, breaking geographical boundaries.

4. Brand Creiability and Trust:-

• Reason: A well-designed website is essential for building a brand’s credibility.

• Benefit: Customers often associate the quality of a website with the quality of a business. A
professional-looking website enhances trust, making potential customers more likely to
engage.

5. Cost –Effective Marketing:-

• Reason: Websites are a more cost-effective marketing tool compared to traditional

advertising methods.

• Benefit: Businesses can reach a larger audience online through SEO, social media
integration, and content marketing at a lower cost than print media or TV ads.

6. Support for Business Operation:-

• Reason: Many businesses use web applications for internal operations such as project
management, employee collaboration, or customer relationship management (CRM).

• Benefit: Custom web apps can streamline business processes, improving efficiency and
reducing operational costs.

7.Mobile Accessability:-

• Reason: Websites are a more cost-effective marketing tool compared to traditional

advertising methods.

• Benefit: With mobile-responsive design, businesses can cater to users who primarily access
the web through smartphones and tablets.

8. Education and Information Security:-

• Reason: Educational institutions, media organizations, and non-profits use websites to share
knowledge and raise awareness.

• Benefit: Web development creates platforms for disseminating valuable information to a

broader audience, facilitating learning and awareness.
9. Innovation and Future Growth:-

• Reason: The web is constantly evolving, with new technologies emerging all the time.

• Benefit: Investing in web development allows businesses and individuals to stay ahead of
trends, integrate new features like AI, virtual reality, and blockchain, and drive future
growth.

10. Content Management and Information Sharing:-

• Reason: A website provides an efficient platform for managing content, including blog posts,
articles, announcements, and multimedia content.

• Benefit: Web development enables businesses to easily share updates, industry insights, and
useful resources with their audience, improving communication.
 Litreature Review

SR.No. Year Auther Name Title Discription

1 2021 Junchang Xin Optimized Data WebDevelopment and arti
Storage Method for cial intelligence are
WebDevelopment regarded as the two
innovative technologies that
are most likely to increase
the productivity of human
society in the next ten years.

2 2019 Sheng Gao Permissioned Currently,WebDevelopment

WebDevelopment are attracting increasing
-Based Double-Layer attention in various fields.
Framework for Product
Traceability System
3 2021 Hui Zhi Cooperative With the development of
Communication Internet of Things web
Method development, the number of
Based on Block Chain
mobile terminals (MTs) has
for a Large Number of
Distributed Terminals experienced explosive
growth, and wireless
networks have developed in
the direction of
heterogeneity, super density
and edge intel ligence.

Aim and Objective

Aim

The aim and objectives of web development serve as guiding principles for creating websitesand
web applications that fulfill the needs of users, businesses, and organizations. Here’s an overview
of the core aims and objectives:

Objectives of WebDevelopment:

1. Creating a Functional and User-Friendly Interface

• Objective: Design a website that is easy to navigate, intuitive, and provides a positive user
experience.

• Why?: Users should be able to find information quickly and efficiently. The layout should be
organized and the functionality smooth to enhance satisfaction and encourage repeat visits.
2.Ensuring Cross-Browser Compatibility

• Objective: Develop a website that works consistently across different browsers and devices

.
• Why: Users access websites on various platforms (e.g., Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge) and
devices (desktop, mobile, tablet), so compatibility ensures a uniform experience for all users.

3. Enhancing Website Performance :

• Objective: Develop a website that works consistently across different browsers and devices

• Why?: Users access websites on various platforms (e.g., Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge) and
devices (desktop, mobile, tablet), so compatibility ensures a uniform experience for all users.

4. Implementing Responsive Design:

• Objective: Ensure that websites are mobile-friendly and adapt to different screen sizes.

• Why?: A significant portion of web traffic comes from mobile devices, so responsive
design improves accessibility, user experience, and SEO performance.

5. Automation through Smart Contracts:

• Objective: Automate the execution of agreements when predefined conditions are met,
using smart contracts to eliminate the need for intermediaries and manual oversight.

• Why: Automation ensures that transactions are efficient, error-free, and executed without
delays.
6. Focusing on Accessability:
• Objective: Make websites accessible to users with disabilities by following WCAG (Web
Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards.

• Why?: Accessibility ensures that all users, regardless of their abilities, can interact with and
benefit from the website. It’s also essential for legal compliance in many regions.

7. Optimizing for SEO:

• Objective: Ensure that the website is structured and optimized to rank well in search engine
results.
• Why?: SEO helps in increasing visibility and driving organic traffic to the site, which is
essential for achieving business goals such as sales, lead generation, or content distribution.
8. Providing Secure Solutions
• Objective: Implement security measures to protect the website and its users from cyber
threats.
• Why?: Security is critical to protect sensitive data, maintain user trust, and avoid potential
legal issues. This includes using HTTPS, encrypting data, and preventing attacks like SQL
injection and cross-site scripting (XSS).

9. Improving User Engagement and Conversion:

• Objective: Design websites that encourage interaction and lead to conversions (sales, sign-
ups, etc.)
.
• Why?: Effective call-to-action (CTA) elements, forms, and user-friendly interfaces help
businesses achieve their goals by guiding users toward specific actions.

10. Integrating Third-Party Tools and Services:

• Objective: Seamlessly integrate external services such as payment gateways, CRM
systems, social media, and analytics tools.

• Why?: Integrations enhance the functionality of websites, allowing businesses to

processpayments, gather customer data, track user behavior, and connect with social
platforms efficiently.

System Architecture
Fig. System Architecture
 List of Software and Hardware requirements
Hardware requirements:
Name of Resource
Qty.
S. No. /Material Specifications Remarks
1 Server Processes core i5, RAM 8 GB 1 Used

2 Operating System Windows 11 1 Used

Software requirements:
Name of Resource
Qty.
S. No. /Material Specifications Remarks
1 Browser Microsoft Edge / Chrome 1 Used

2 Software Word, power point 1 Used

 References

Here are some reputable references and sources for learning more about WebDevelopment
technology:
1. Books:

“HTML and CSS: Design and Build Websites by Jon Duckett”

• A great starting point for beginners, this book is known for its easy-to-understand
language and visually engaging layout. It covers the basics of HTML and CSS with
practical examples.

“JavaScript and JQuery: Interactive Front-End Web Development by Jon Duckett”

• This book complements the author's earlier work on HTML and CSS by diving into
JavaScript and jQuery, making it easier for beginners to learn how to add interactivity to
their web projects.

“Learning Web Design: A Beginner’s Guide to HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Graphics by
Jennifer Niederst Robbins”

• A highly recommended resource for beginners that covers web design, HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript in a comprehensive and easy-to-understand manner.

2. Academic Papers:
"A Comparative Study of JavaScript Frameworks: Angular, React, and Vue.js"
• This type of paper typically evaluates popular front-end frameworks and their
performance, scalability, and ease of use for developers.

"Impact of Responsive Web Design on User Experience"

• Papers like this analyze how responsive design influences user engagement, conversion rates,
and satisfaction.

Websites:
• https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/:-mozila.org is a popular news and analysis website
that covers webDevelopment, and related technologies.
 • https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/100-days-of-web-development/:-

GeeksforGeeks is an online platform that offers resources for web development and other
computer science topics:

4. Web Development Explorers:

• WebDevelopment.com: WebDevelopment Explorer that allows users to view and

analyze transactions on public weblike Learning Web .