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Samplemidterm1 Diffeq sp23

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7 views8 pages

Samplemidterm1 Diffeq sp23

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omar
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Suleyman Ulusoy MATH214-S2023-Suleyman

Assignment formidterm due 02/27/2023 at 11:59pm GST

1. (1 point) Library/Utah/AP_Calculus_I/set12_Further_Techniques_and_Applications_of_Integration/1220s
14p4.pg
In many population growth problems, there is an upper limit beyond which the population cannot grow.
Many scientists agree that the earth will not support a population of more than 16 billion. There were 2
billion people on earth at the start of 1925 and 4 billion at the beginning of 1975. If y is the population,
measured in billions, t years after 1925, an appropriate model is the differential equation

dy
= ky(16 − y).
dt

Note that the growth rate approaches zero as the population approaches its maximum size. When the popu-
lation is zero then we have the ordinary exponential growth described by y0 = 16ky. As the population grows
it transits from exponential growth to stability.
(a) Solve this differential equation. y =
(b) The population in 2015 will be y = billion.
(c) The population will be 9 billion some time in the year

Note that the data in this problem are out of date, so the numerical answers you’ll obtain will not be
consistent with current population figures.

Hint: (a) Separate variables and use the given information to solve for y. (b) Evaluate y. (c) Solve for the
appropriate time.
Solution: ( Instructor solution preview: show the student solution after due date. )

Solution: (a) Recall how to solve differential equations of this type, using initial conditions. For the last
question, recall the inverse of the natural logarithm function.
1
dy
Z
= ky(16 − y)dx
dt
dy
= kdt
y(16 − y)

=⇒

dy
Z Z
= kdt
y(16 − y)

=⇒
Z  
1 1
1/16 + dy = kt +C
y 16 − y

1/16(ln |y| − ln |16 − y|) = kt +C

y
ln = 16kt +C
16 − y
y
= eC e16kt
16 − y

given y = 2 when t = 0 so eC = 1/7

given y = 4 when t = 50 so 1/3 = 1/7e800k =⇒ k = 1/800 ln 37


y
16−y = 17 exp( 50
1
ln 73 )t

1
7y = 16 exp( 50 ln 73 )t − y exp( 50
1
ln 73 )t
1
16 exp( 50 ln 37 )t 16
y= 7+exp( 501
ln 73 )t
= 1
1+7 exp(− 50 ln 73 )t

(b) Evaluate when t = 90

16
y(90) = 1
1+7 exp(− 50 ln 37 )90
≈ 6.34 billion

(c) Set y = 9 and solve for t


2
16
9= 1
1+7 exp(− 50 ln 73 )t

=⇒

1
exp(− 50 ln 73 )t = 1/9

=⇒

1
−( 50 ln 73 )t = ln 1/9

=⇒
!
ln 19
t = −50 ≈ 129.66
ln 73
The population will be 9 billion some time in 2054.
Correct Answers:
• 16/(1+7e**(-(1/50*ln(7/3))t))
• 6.34
• 2054

Generated by c WeBWorK, http://webwork.maa.org, Mathematical Association of America

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