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Lab Assignment.T (2223091029)

Uploaded by

emondm2024
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Assignment Name: Evolution of Microprocessor

Student Name: Raihanur Rahaman Rafi

Student ID: 2223091029


Batch: 58(A)
Lab Assignment: Evolution of Microprocessor

1. Introduction

• Definition of Microprocessor: A microprocessor is a central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC) chip
that performs the functions of a computer’s CPU.
• Importance: Explain why microprocessors are crucial in computing and electronics.

2. Early Developments

• First Microprocessor: The Intel 4004, introduced in 1971, was the first commercially available microprocessor. It had a
4-bit architecture and could execute about 60,000 instructions per second.
• Early Architecture: Briefly discuss the 4-bit and 8-bit processors like the Intel 8008 and 8080, which were fundamental in
early personal computing.

3. Advancements in the 1980s

• 16-bit Processors: Introduction of the Intel 8086 and the 8088. These processors had a significant impact on the
development of PCs and were the basis for the x86 architecture that is still used today.
• First 32-bit Processors: The Intel 80386, introduced in 1985, was among the first 32-bit processors and supported
multitasking.

4. The Rise of RISC Architecture

• Introduction of RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processors like the ARM architecture began gaining
prominence. RISC processors focus on a small, highly optimized set of instructions.
• ARM and MIPS: Mention the significance of ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) in mobile and embedded devices, and
MIPS in academic and high-performance applications.

5. Advancements in the 1990s and 2000s

• Pentium Era: The Intel Pentium series introduced features like superscalar architecture and pipelining, which significantly
increased processing power.
• Multi-core Processors: The trend towards multi-core processors began with models like the Intel Pentium D and AMD
Athlon 64 X2, enhancing parallel processing capabilities.

6. Modern Microprocessors

• High Performance and Integration: Discuss current processors with multiple cores (e.g., Intel Core i7/i9, AMD Ryzen),
higher clock speeds, and integrated graphics.
• Mobile and Embedded Processors: The significance of processors in smartphones (e.g., Apple A-series, Qualcomm
Snapdragon) and embedded systems.
• Emerging Trends: Introduction of technologies like quantum computing, AI accelerators (e.g., Google's Tensor
Processing Units), and the ongoing push towards more energy-efficient processors.

7. Future Directions

• Continued Miniaturization: Advances in semiconductor technology, such as smaller process nodes (e.g., 3nm, 2nm).
• Neuromorphic Computing: Developments in processors that mimic neural networks.
• Increased Integration: Combining more functions into a single chip (e.g., System on a Chip, SoCs).

8. Conclusion

• Summary: Recap the key points of the evolution of microprocessors.


• Impact: Reflect on how the evolution of microprocessors has influenced technology and daily life.

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