82: Reinforced Concrete Desig n Ultimate Streng(h ofl<e-inforced Concre;e :Jc<'lic•ns 83

6.2.8 Design Examples b) Arca of Reinforcement

I) Determine the area of reinforcement required for a singly reinforced Refer Table�2 of SP: 16 (Table 6.5 of text) corres�)onding to (
' l =:: 20
concrete section having a breadth of 675 mm to support a factored N/mm2 and fr = 415 N/mm 2 read out the percentage remforce
,
ment p, for
moment of 185 kNm. Adopt M- 20 grade concrete and Fc-4 I 5 Grade the required parameter.
HYSD ba rs.
. i ( M",) = 1.35 and t�e· corresponding- vuluc of p, = 0.409 percent.
bd·
Method-I (Using IS: 456 - 2000 Code Formulae)
p,bd -[ 0.409 X 300 X 675
-]-- 828 mm,
A" -(-- ) - -----
a) Data 100 100
b = 300 mm = 20 N/mm2
fck The area of reinforcement obtained by both the methods arc sa;nc.
2
d = 615 mm =
fr 415 N/mm Design the minimum effective depth required and the area of rein­
M. = 185 kNm 2)
forcement for a rectangular beam having a width of 300mm to resist
b) Limiting Moment of Resistance an ultimate moment of 200kNm, using M-20 grade concrete and
Fe-415 HYSD bars.
For Fe-415 HYSD bars,
Mcthod-1 (Using IS: 456 - 2000 Code Formulae)
Mu.um=0.138.I;. b.d2
= (0.138 x 20x300x675 1)10-<> . a) Data
= 377 kN.1il > M. = 185 kN.m b= 300mm !ck = 20 N/mm2 ,,;:1'1.l

M.=200kNm '
- /y::: 415 N/mmZ - !Ic,lli
Hence, the beam is under reinforced.
b) Minimum Effective depth
c) Arca of Tensile Reinforcement:-
For Fe-415 HYSD bars, limiting moment of resistance is given by
M. = 0.87 f.,;-t.,_.d (l -A,J/bd'.fc.) Mu, lim = 0.138 J;k.b ,d2 .. '" · _,;
t,,,Xoll

A,.. 415 200x106

(185x10•)=0.87x415xA., x675 [I- ( )] d
Mu,lim
300x675x20 492 mm.
0.138x20x300 =
=
0.138J;,.b
Solving A,.== 830 mm2•
c) Area of Reinforcement -I
JU.i,.i.l.U.
Mcthod-2 (Using SP: 16 Design Tables) ,.f., I
M."' 0.87 f.;.A".d [ I - A. ]
b.d.f.,
a) Design Parameters

(M•) =( 185 X l06 =

) 1.35
200x106=0.87x415 xA.,x492[1-( A,,.415 )]
300 X 492 X 20
bd2 300 X 6"152 Solving,
(A,�-7114 A11 + 8xJO"J = 0
:}{��}!{Yf.�tWf::i· :•:. _:·�?· { ·,:i.-·. =

''\ · ' ' · ,, . 84. . . Reinforced Concrete Des1g11 .

. •

.· . .� Ultimate Strength ()fReinforced Concrete Sections 85

A.,= 1400mnl.
4----bf k
;--------,1<-;r
Mcthod-2 (Using SP: 16.Dcsign Tables) + t­
o, Xu
'

�
Referring to Table-D of SP: 16 for !ck= 20 N/mm and fr = 415 N/mm , 2

--;:=...-�
(M•.��)"'2.76

l
b.d' d

200 x I 0�
d= = 4 2 mm
2.76x300 9 Ast T = 0·87Ast fy

Referring 16 Table-2 of SP: 16 (Table 6.5 of text), read out the value o{
. percentage reinforcement Pi corresponding lo the parameter ( �;,) = 2.76 Fig, 6.4 Stress Block Parameters' for Tee Beam (x. < D,)

p,= 0.955 .
M.=0.R1f.,.A,..d
[ A,.,./y ]
1--b
(6.7)
Ir
. A (p.,b.d) - 0.955 x 300 x492)-- 1410 mm2. -..
. r·� ·Jck
.:....:.-'------
.. -- 100 - ( 100 6.3.2 Neutral Axis falls outside the Flange (D/d :t- 0.2)
6.3 ULTIMATE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF F1:,ANGED
When the neutral axi�· falls outside the flange and the ratio (D/d) 1> 0.2,' the
S:ECTIONS
moment of re sistance can be computed using the stress block parameters
shown in Fig. 6.5. The stress blocks are separately shown for the rectangu­
The flexural stre.ngth of flanged beams (Tee and L-beams) depends upon
lar portion and the flange portion. The moment of resistance of the section
th e position of neutral axis. The Indian Standard Code IS: 456-_2000 pre­
of the Tee Section is computed by the relation,
scribes a m ethod for computing the ultimate moment of resistance of

-
flanged sections for different cases as detailed below: ·

6.3.1 Neutral Axis within flange

Referring to Fig. 6.4

Let br = width of compression flange.
bw = width of rib. (d-0·5 Of)
d
Dr
A,,
xu
=
=
=
=
Effective depth.
Depth of flange.
Area of Tension Reinforceme nt.
D epth of Neutral Axis.
•Ast
••
. I
l
When neutral axis falls within the flange, the moment of resistance of the Fig. 6.5 Stress Block Parameters for Tee Beam (x. > D,)
section can ·be calculated by the same procedur e as that of rectangular sec- ·
tions.
H ence wh,en x" < Dr the moment of Resistance of the section can be com• Where
puted by the relation,