SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS

Relations and Functions

1. How many reflexive relations are possible in a set A whose n(A) = 3. (1)
2. An equivalence relation R in A divides it into equivalence classes A1, A2, A3. (1)
What is the value of A1 A2 A3 and A1 A2 A3.
3. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Let R be the equivalence relation on A × A defined by (a, b)R(c, d) (1)
if a + d = b + c. Find the equivalence class [(1,3)].
4. State the reason why the Relation R = {(a, b): a b2} on the set R of real numbers is not (1)
reflexive.
5. Let R be the equivalence relation in the set A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by (1)
R = {(a, b): 2 divides (a – b)}.Write the equivalence class [0].
6. Let R = {(a, a3): a is a prime number less than 5} be a relation. Find the range of R (1)
7. If R = {(x, y): x + 2y = 8} is a relation on N, write the range of R. (1)
8. Let A = {3, 5}, then find the number of reflexive relations on A . (1)
9. A relation R in a set A is called ____, if (a1, a2) ∈ R implies (a2, a1) ∈ R, for all a1, a2 ∈ A. (1)
10. Find the number of onto functions from a set A with 4 elements to a set B with 2 elements. (1)
11. Let A={1,2,3}, B={4,5}. Find the total number of relations from set A to set B. (1)
12. A relation S in the set of real numbers is defined as xSy => x – y +√ is an irrational (1)
number, the relation is : -
(a)reflexive (b) reflexive and symmetric (c) transitive (d) symmetric and transitive
13. Prove that f: R R is defined as f(x) = x3 + 1is one-one function (1)
14. Let f: R R is defined as f(x) = |x|. Is function f is onto? Give reason. (1)
15. Consider the set A containing n elements then the total number of injective functions from set (1)
A onto itself is/are ___________________________.
16. State the reason for the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by (1)
R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} not to be transitive.
17. Let R be the relation in the set Z of integers given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides a – b}. Show that (2)
the relation R transitive? Write the equivalence class [0].
18. Check if the relation R in the set R of real numbers defined as R = {(a, b): a < b} is (i) (2)
symmetric, (ii) transitive.
19. Check if the relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} defined as R = {(x, y): y is divisible by (2)
x} is (i) symmetric (ii) transitive
20. Consider a function f = R+ → (7, ∞) given by f(x) = 16x2 + 24x + 7, where R+ is the set of all (2)
positive real numbers. Show that f is invertible.
21. The function f: R → [–1, 1] defined by f (x) = cos x one-one and onto or not. (2)
22. Check if the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1)} is reflexive, (2)
symmetric and transitive or not.
23. If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R is the relation on N N defined by (a,b,) R (3)
(c,d), if ad(b+c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.
24. Let f: R – { + R be a function defined as f(x) = . Show that f is one -one function. (3)
Also, check whether f is an onto function or not.
25. Check whether the relation R in the set N of natural numbers given by R={(a,b):a is a divisor (2)
of b} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Also determine whether R is an equivalence
relation.
26. Let R be a relation defined on the set of natural numbers N as follow : (3)
R = {(x, y) x,y ∈ N and 2x + y = 24}. Find the domain and range of the relation R. Also,
find if R is an equivalence relation or not.
27. State whether the function f : N N given by f(x) = 5x is injective, surjective or both. (2)
28. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and let f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} be a function from A to B, (2)
state whether f is one-one or not.
29. If f : R→ R be the function defined by f(x) = 4x3 + 7, show that f is a bijection. (3)
30. An organization conducted bike race under two different categories – Boys and Girls. There (4)
were 28 participants in all. Among all of them, finally three from category 1 and two from
category 2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these
participants for his college project. Let B = {b1, b2, b3} and G = {g1, g2}, where B represents
the set of Boys selected and G the set of Girls selected for the final race.
Based on the above information, answer the following question:
(I) How many relations are possible from B to G?
(II) Among all the possible relations from B to G, how many functions can be formed from
B to G?
(III) Let R: B B be defined by R = {(x, y): x and y are students of the same sex}. Check if
R is an equivalence relation.
OR
(IV) A function f: B G be defined by f = {(b1, g1), (b2, g2), (b3, g1)}. Check if is bijective.
Justify your answer.

31. Let N be the set of natural numbers and R be the relation on N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if (4)
ad = bc for all a, b, c, d ∈ N. Show that R is an equivalence relation.

32. Check whether the relation R in the set N of natural numbers given by R = {(a, b): a is divisor (4)
of b} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Also determine whether R is an equivalence
relation.

33. Let A * + * + is a function defined by ( ) , show that (3)

f is one-one and onto.

26. Show that the relation S on the set * ∈ + given by *( ) ∈ (4)

| | + is an equivalence relation.

27. Show that the relation R on R defined as R = {(a, b): a ≤ b}, is reflexive, and transitive but not (4)
symmetric.

28. Prove that the function f: N → N, defined by f (x) = x2 + x + 1 is one-one but not onto. (4)

29. Prove that a function , ) , ) defined as ( ) is both one –one (5)

and onto.

30. Check whether a function 0 1 defined as ( ) is one-one and onto or not. (5)
31. Show that a function defined as ( ) is both one-one and onto. (5)

32. Let A = {x Z: 0 x 12}. Show that R = {(a, b): a, b ∈A, | a – b | is divisible by 4} is an (6)
equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1. Also write the equivalence class

32. Show that the function f: R R defined by f (x) = , Ɐx ∈ R is neither one-one nor onto. (6)

33. Consider f: 2 3 * + given by ( ) . Show that f is bijective. (5)

34. Consider f: R+ → [–5, ∞) given by f (x) = 9x2 + 6x – 5. Show that f is invertible. (6)

35. Let be defined as ( ) . Show that , where S is the range (6)

of f , is invertible.

36. Let N denote the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N × N defined (6)
by (a, b) R (c, d) if ad (b + c) = bc (a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.

37. If R = {(x, y): x + 2y = 8} is a relation on N, write the range of R. (1)

38. Let A = {1, 2, 3,..., 9} and R be the relation in A × A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if a + d = b + c (4)
for
(a, b), (c, d) in A × A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation.
Also obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)].
39. Consider f: R+ [4, ) given by f(x) = x2 + 4. Show that f is invertible, where R+ is the set of (4)
all non-negative real numbers.
40. Show that the function f in A 2 3 defined as f (x) = is one-one and onto. (4)

41. An organization conducted bike race under 2 different categories-boys and girls. In all, there (4)
were 250 participants. Among all of them finally three from Category 1 and two from
Category 2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these
participants for his college project. Let B={ b1 b2 b3 } and G={g1 g2} where B represents the
set of boys selected and G the set of girls who were selected for the final race. Ravi decides to
explore these sets for various types of relations and functions. On the basis of the above
information, answer the following questions:
(i) Ravi wishes to form all the relations possible from B to G . How many such relations are
possible?
(ii) Write the smallest equivalence relation on G.
(iii) (a) Ravi defines a relation from B to B as 𝑹1 = {(𝒃1, 𝒃2 ), (𝒃2, 𝒃1 )}. Write the minimum
ordered pairs to be added in 𝑹1 so that it becomes (A) reflexive but not symmetric, (B)
reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
OR
(iii) (b) If the track of the final race (for the bike b1 ) follows the curve 2 = 4 ; (
√ ), then state whether the track represents a one-one and onto
function or not. (Justify).
42. Let * +. Then find the number of reflexive relations on A. (1)
43. Show that the relation S in the set R of real numbers defined by *( ) ∈ (5)
∈ + is neither reflexive , nor symmetric , nor transitive.
44. A function f: R R is defined as f(x) = x3 + 1. Then the function has (1)
a) no minimum value b)no maximum value
c) both maximum and minimum value d)neither maximum and minimum value
45. Let R be the relation defined in the set A={ 1, 2, 3 , 5, 6, 7} by R = {(a, b): both a and b are (5)
either odd or even}. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Hence, find the elements of
equivalence class

Determinant and Matrices

1. Find the value of a - b if 2. /+. /=. /. (2)

2. If A = ( ). Find (A2 – 5A) (2)

3. If A = ( ), find A-1.

Hence solve: 2x – 3y + 5z = 11, 3x + 2y – 4z = –5, x + y – 2z = – 3 (6)

4. Obtain the inverse of the following matrix: ( ). (4)

5. Let A = ( ), then evaluate A2 – A (2)

6. Find a matrix A such that 2A – 3B + 5C = O, where B = . / and C = . /

(2)
7. Examine the consistency of given set of equations: 3x – y – 2z = 2, 2y – z = -1 and 3x – 5y = 3
(2)

8. Find the inverse of the following matrix A = ( ) (4)

9. If A = ( ), find A-1. Hence solve the system of equation

x + y + z = 6, x + 2z = 7, 3x + y + z = 12 (6)

10. If A = . /. Prove that (A – 2I)(A – 3I) = 0 (2)

11. Find the inverse of the matrix . /. Hence find the matrix P

Satisfying P . /=. /. (2)

12. If A = ( ), find A-1. Hence solve the system of equation:

x + 3y + 4z = 8, 2x + y + 2z = 5 and 5x + y + z = 7 (6)

13. Find the inverse of the following matrix, A = ( ) (4)

14. If A and B are symmetric matrices, such that AB and BA are both defined, then prove that
 AB – BA is a skew symmetric matrix (2)

15. Determine the product ( )( ) and use it to solve:

x – y + z = 4, x – 2y – 2z = 9, 2x + y + 3z = 1 (6)

16. Using matrices, solve the following system of linear equations:

x + 2y – 3z = – 4, 2x + 3y + 2z = 2, 3x – 3y – 4z = 11 (6)

17. Find the inverse of the matrix ( ) (4)

18. Find the value of a - b if 2. /+. /=. / (2)

19. Express the matrix A= ( ) as the

sum of a symmetric and skew symmetric matrix (3)

20. Find the inverse of the matrix ( ) (4)

21. Using matrices, solve the following system of linear equations:

2x + 3y + 10z = 4, 4x – 6y + 5z = 1, 6x + 9y – 20z = 2 (6)

22. If A = ( ). Find p such that AAT = 9I (2)

23. If A = . / be such that A-1 = kA, find the value of k (2)

24. If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order, then Prove that AB – BA is skew symmetric
(2)

25. Given A = ( ), B-1 = ( ), compute (AB)-1. (6)

26. Find the inverse of the matrix A = ( ) (4)

27. If the matrix A = ( ) is skew symmetric. Find the value of a and b (2)

28. Given A = . /. Compute A-1 and show that 2A-1 = 9I – A. (2)

29. If A = ( ), then find the value of det(adj A) (1)

30. Find the inverse of the matrix A = ( ) (4)

31. For what value of k, the system of equation 3x + 5y = 0 and kx + 10y = 0 has a Non-zero solution
(2)
32. If A = . /, then find |A2 – 2A| (2)

33. Find the inverse of . / (2)

34. Find matrix A, if ( ).A = ( ) (4)

35. Find the value of | | (2)

36. If for any 2  2 square matrix A, A(adj A) = . /, then write the value of |A| (2)

37. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3, then prove that det A = 0 (2)

38. Find the value of | | (1)

39. Determine the product ( ). ( ) and use it to solve the system of

equations x – y + z = 4, x – 2y – 2z = 9, 2x + y + 3z = 1. (6)

40. If A is a 3 × 3 invertible matrix, then what will be the value of k if det(A-1) = (det A)k. (2)

41. Examine the consistency of the following system of equation: x + 3y = 5 and 2x + 6y = 8. (2)

42. Let A = . /, B = . /, C = . / find a matrix D such that CD – AB = O. (4)

43. Use product ( ). ( ) to solve the system of equation

x + 3z = 9, –x + 2y – 2z = 4, 2x – 3y + 4z = –3 (6)

44. Matrix A = ( ) is given to be symmetric, find values of a and b (2)

45. If . /A. /=. /. Find matrix A (2)

46. Find the inverse of the matrix A = ( ) and use it to solve the following system of

47. linear equations: 8x + 4y + 3z = 19, 2x + y + z = 5, x + 2y + 2z = 7 (6)

48. If the system of equation: x – ky – z = 0, kx – y – z = 0, x + y – z = 0 has a non-zero solution,

then find the possible values of k. (2)

49. Find the equation of line joining P(11,7) and Q(5,5) using determinants. Also find the value

of k, if R(-1,k) is the point such that area of triangle PQR is 9m2 (5)

50. Find the inverse of the matrix A = ( ) and hence solve the system of equation

3x – 3y + 4z = 21, 2x – 3y + 4z = 20, -y + z = 5 (6)

51. Express the matrix A = ( ) as the sum of a symmetric and skew symmetric matrix.

(2)
52. Evaluate the product A = ( ) and B = ( ) Hence solve the system of

linear equations x – y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17, y + 2z = 7 (2)

53. If A = . / be such that A-1 = kA, find the value of scalar k. (2)

54. If A is a square matrix of order 3, |At| = -3, then find |AAt| (1)

55. If A is a square matric of order 3 and |A| = 5, then find |adj A| (1)

56. Three points P(2x, x+3), Q(0, x) and R(x+3, x+6) are collinear, find x. (1)

57. If A = ( ), |A3| = 125, then find p (1)

58. Let P and Q be 3 3 matrix such that P ≠ Q. If P3 = Q3 and P2Q = Q2P
Then find |P2 + Q2| (2)

59. If A = . /, prove that A2 – 10A + I = O. hence find A-1 (3)

60. If A = . /, prove that AtA-1 = . / (3)

61. If A = . /, then find |A2 – 2A| (2)

62. Write the number of all possible matrices of order 2 × 2 with each entry 1, 2 or 3. (1)

63. The elements aij of a 3x3 matrix are given by A=[aij] whose elements are given by (1)
aij =|-3i + j|. Write the value of element a32
64. (1)
If A = [aij] is a square matrix of order 2 such that aij = { , then A2 is____
65. Using matrix method find, solve the following system of linear equations (5)
+ = 4, =2.
66. V is a matrix of order 3 such that |adj V| = 7. Find |v|=? (1)
67. Find the sum of a matrix and its transpose is 0 1. (2)

Find one such matrix for which this holds true. Show your work.
68. If A = 0 1 then find the value of A2023. (1)

69. (4)
If A = [ ] then show that A is the root of the polynomial

f(x) = x3 – 6x2 +7x + 2.

70. (4)
If A = [ ] then show that A2 – 4A + 5I = O.

71. If A = 0 1 and I =0 1 then find k such that A2 + I = kA. (4)

72. If A = 0 1 then find A2 – 5A -14I. Hence find A3. (4)

73. (5)
If A = [ ] find the value of A2 -5A + 4I and hence find a matrix X such that

A2 -5A + 4I + X = O.
74. Three shopkeepers A,B and C go to a store to buy stationary. A purchases 12 dozen (5)
notebooks, 5 dozen pens and 6 dozen pencils. B purchases 10 dozen notebooks, 6 dozen pens
and 7 dozen pencils. C purchases 11 dozen notebooks, 13 dozen pens and 8 dozen pencils. A
notebook costs 40 paise, a pen costs Rs. 1.25 and a pencil costs 35 paise. Use matrix
multiplication to calculate each individual's bill.

75. The cooperative stores of a particular school has 10 dozen physics books, 8 dozen chemistry (5)
books and 5 dozen mathematics books. Their selling prices are Rs 8.30, Rs 3.45 and Rs 4.50
each respectively. Find the total amount the store will receive from selling all the items.

76. A trust fund has Rs 30000 that must be invested in two different types of bonds. The first (5)
bond pays 5% interest per year and the second bond pays 7% per year. Using matrix
multiplication, determine how to divide Rs 30000 among the two types of bonds if the trust
fund must obtain an annual total interest of :
(i) Rs 1800 and (ii) Rs 2000.

77. To promote making of toilets for women, an organization tried to generate awareness through (5)
(i) house calls (ii) letters, and (iii) announcements. The cost for each mode per attempt is
given below : (i) ₹ 50 (ii) ₹ 20 (iii) ₹ 40
The number of attempts made in three villages X, Y and Z are given below :
(i) (ii) (iii)
X 400 300 100
Y 300 250 75
Z 500 400 150

78. There are 2 families A and B. There are 4 men, 6 women and 2 children in family A, and 2 (5)
men, 2 women and 4 children in family B. The recommended daily amount of calories is
2400 for men, 1990 for women, 1800 for children and 45 grams of proteins for men, 55
grams for women and 33 grams for children. Represent the above information using a matrix.
Using matrix multiplication, calculate the total requirement of calories and proteins for each
of the two families. What awareness can you create among people about the planned diet
from this question?

79. The monthly incomes of Aryan and Babbar are in the ratio 3:4 and their monthly (5)
expenditures are in the ratio 5:7. If each saves Rs 15000 per month, find their monthly
incomes using matrix method. This problem reflects which value?

80. A trust invested some money in two types of bonds. The first bond pays 10% interest and the (5)
second bond pays 12%. The trust received Rs 2800 as interest. However, if trust had
interchanged money in bonds, they would have got Rs 100 less as interest. Using matrix
method, find the amount invested by the trust.

81. If 0 1 is a symmetric matrix, then find the value of x. (1 )

82. The equation of the path traversed by the ball headed by the footballer is = 2 + + 𝑐; (5 )
( ℎ 0 ≤ ≤ 14 , ,𝑐∈ ≠ 0) with respect to a XY-coordinate system in the
 vertical plane. The ball passes through the points 2,15) , (4,25) and 14,15 . Determine the
values of a, b and c by solving the system of linear equations in a, b and c, using matrix
method. Also find the equation of the path traversed by the ball

Inverse trigonometric function

1. Prove that: 3 cos-1 x = cos-1 (4x3 – 3x), x ∈ [½ , 1] [2]
√
2. Prove that: cos-1x + cos-1 ( )= [3]

3. Prove that: tan-1. / – tan-1. / = tan-1 2x; |2x| < [5]

√

4. Solve for x: sin [cot-1(x+1)] = cos(tan-1x) [4]

5. Find the principal value of: cos-1(0.5) + sin-1. / [1]

√

6. Find the principal value of tan-1 (√ ) - cot-1 (-√ ) [1]

7. Solve for x: 2 tan-1 (cos x) = tan-1 (2 cosec x) [4]

8. Prove that: tan 2 𝑐 3 + tan 2 𝑐 3= [4]

√ √
9. Find the simplest form of: tan-1 . / [3]
√ √

10. Find the principal value of cos-1 (cos ) [1]

11. Find the value of sin (cos-1 (4/5) + tan-1 (2/3)) [4]
12. Find the value of sin(cos-1 + tan-1 ) [4]

13. Prove that: sin-1 (2x√ ) = 2 cos-1 x, ≤x≤1 [4]

√

14. Draw the graph of y = sin-1x in principal value branch [2]

-1
15. Draw the graph of y = cos x in principal value branch [2]
16. Draw the graph of y = tan-1x in principal value branch [2]
17. Draw the graph of y = cot-1x in principal value branch [2]
18. Draw the graph of y = sec-1x in principal value branch [2]
19. Draw the graph of y = cosec-1x in principal value branch [2]

20. If (tan-1x)2 + (cot-1x)2 = , find x [5]

21. If sin-1(1-x) – 2sin-1x = , find x [3]

22. If sin[cot-1(x+1)] = cos(tan-1x), then find x [4]

23. Solve for x: sin-1(1-x) – 2sin-1x = [3]

24. Find the principal value of sec-1(-2) [2]

25. Show that: sin-1(2x√ ) = 2sin-1x [2]
26. If y = cot-1(√ ) – tan-1(√ ), prove that sin y = tan2 [3]

27. tan-1(tan ) = x. find x [1]

28. Find the value of sin0 ( )1 [2]

29. Find the principal value of: cos-1(cos ) + sin-1(sin ) [2]
√
30. Prove that: - sin-1( ) = sin-1( ) [2]

31. Evaluate : cot ( ) [2]

32. Solve : sin{ }=1 [2]

33. Write the principal value of ( ) ( ) [2]

34. Find the principal value of tan-1 {2cos(2sin-1 )} [1]

35. . The graph drawn below depicts which function? [1]

36. Which one is greater tan 1 or tan-1 ? [1]

37. Find the value of sin-1(cos ) [2]

38. Find the domain of sin-1(x2 – 4) [2]

39. Evaluate : sin [ - sin -1. /] [2]

40. Prove that cos-1 (12/13) + cos-1(4/5) = tan-1(56/33) [4]

41. [4]

Continuity & Differentiation

1. If sin2y + cos xy = k, find dy/dx at x = 1, y = π/4 [2]

-1
2. Differentiate: tan w.r.t x [2]
x
3. If y = ln (cos e ), find y‟(x) [2]
4. If y(x) = (tan x)tan x, find y‟(x) [2]
5. If f(x) = √ , find f‟( ) [2]
6. Differentiate sec2 (x2) w.r.t x2 [2]
2
7. If y = f(x ) and f‟(x) = √ , then find [2]
8. If x = ecos2t and y = esin2t, prove that = [4]
9.

[4]
10. Differentiate: xsinx + (sin x)cos x w.r.t. x [4]
11. If y = 2 cos (ln x) + 3 sin (ln x), then prove that x2 y2 + xy1 + y = 0 [4]
12. If x = a sin2t (1 + cos2t) and y = b cos2t (1 – cos 2t) , find dy/dx at x = π/4 [4]
13.

[4]
x 2
14. If y = x , prove that: y2 - y1 - = 0 [4]
15. Differentiate: (sin x)x + sin -1 √ w.r.t x [4]
16. If xm yn = (x + y)m + n, prove that y”(x) = 0 [4]
17. If ey (x + 1) = 1, then prove that y‟‟(x) = (y‟(x))2 [4]
18. If xy + yx = ab, find dy/dx [4]
( )
19. If sin y = x cos (a + y), then show that = . [4]
20. Also show that dy/dx = cos a when x = 0 [4]
21. If x = a sec3 t, y = a tan3t, find at t = [4]
-1 2
22. If ln y = tan x, then prove that: (1 + x )y” + (2x – 1)y‟=0 [4]
-1 -1
23. Differentiate: tan w.r.t tan √
, where |x| < 1/√ [4]

24. If √ +√ = a(x-y), prove that: y‟(x) = √ [4]

2 2
25. If x = sin t, y = sin pt, prove that: (1 - x ) y”(x) – x y‟(x) + p y = 0 [4]
26. If y = xcos x + (cos x)sin x, find y‟(x) [4]
( )
27. If sin y = x sin (a + y), prove that y‟(x) = [4]
y
28. If (sin x) = x + y, find dy/dx [4]
29. If y = (sec-1x)2, x>0, prove that: x2(x2-1)y”(x) + (2x3-x)y‟(x) – 2 = 0 [4]
30. If (cos x)y = (sin y)x, find dy/dx [4]
31. If x√ + y√ = 0, prove that y‟ = ( ) [4]
 32. If (x-a)2 + (y-b)2 = c2, for some c > 0,
( )
prove that: is a constant independent of a and b [4]
33. If ln (x2 + y2) = 2 tan-1(y/x), prove that: y‟(x) = [4]
34. If y = (sin-1x)2, prove that: (1 – x2)y”(x) – xy‟(x) – 2 = 0 [4]
35. If (sin x)y = x + y, find y‟. [4]
( )
36. If sin y = x sin (a + y), prove that: y‟ = [4]
-1 2 2 2 3
37. If y = (sec x) , x > 0, prove that: x (x – 1) y” + (2x – x) y‟ – 2 = 0. [4]
38. If ln (x2 + y2) = 2 tan-1(x/y), prove that: y‟ = (x+y)/(x-y) [4]
39. If xy – yx = ab, find [4]
40. If x = at2, y = 2at then find [4]
41. If x = a sec3 t, y = a tan3 t, then find y”(x) at t = [4]
42. If x = a(t – sin t), y = a(1 – cos t), then find y”(x) at t = [4]
43. If x = cos t + ln tan , y = sin t, then find the value of y”(t) and y”(x) at t = [4]

44. Find y‟(x) if y(x) = { √ } [4]

45. If x3 + x2y + xy2 + y3 = 81, then find [4]

46. If y = xy/2, find [4]
47. If sin2y + cos xy = k, find at y= and x = 1 [4]
48. If x cos (a + y) = cos y, prove that: sina y” + sin2(a+y) y‟ = 0 [5]

49. If y = cosec(cot √ ) then find y1 [2]

50. Find the derivative of tan x with respect to log x ; ( x  1,∞ ).
-1
[2]
51. Differentiate the following function with respect to x : (𝑐 )x [2]

52. Find the value of „a‟ so that the function ( ) {

is continuous at x=2. [2]
53. Find the value of the constant k so that the function f, de ned below,
is continuous at x= 0, where

[4]
54. Find the value of k so that the following function is continuous at x = 2.

[4]

Application of Derivatives
1. If the radius of the circle is increasing at the rate of 0·5 cm/s, then find the rate at which (2)
circumference is increase.
2. Amongst all open (from the top) right circular cylindrical boxes of volume 125π cm3, find the (6)
dimensions of the box which has the least surface area.
3. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y = |x|. (6)
4. Find the area of greatest rectangle that can be inscribed in an ellipse . (6)

5. Find the point on the curve y2 =8x for which the abscissa and ordinate change at the same (2)
rate.
6. Sooraj's father wants to construct a rectangular garden using a brick wall on one side of the (4)
garden and wire fencing for the other three sides as shown in the figure. He has 200 meters of
fencing wire. Based on the above information, answer the following questions;
(i) Let 'x' meters denote the length of the side of the garden perpendicular to the brick wall
and 'y' metres denote the length of the side parallel to the brick wall. Determine the
relation representing the total length of fencing wire and also write A(x) the area of the
garden.
(ii) Determine the maximum value of A(x) .
7. Find the interval in which the function f(x) = is decreasing. (2)
8. The median of an equilateral triangle is increasing at the rate of 2 3 cm/s. Find the rate at (5)
which its side is increasing.
9. Sum of two numbers is 5. If the sum of the cubes of these numbers is least, then find the (5)
sum of the squares of these numbers.
10. A function f: R R is defined as f(x) = x 3 + 1. Find the maxima and minima of f(x). (2)
11. The radius of a circle is increasing at the uniform rate of 3 cm/sec. At the instant when (2)
the radius of the circle is 2 cm, find the rate of increase of area.
12. Find the interval where the function y = x2 ex is decreasing. (2)
13. Find the interval where the function f(x) = 2x 3 – 15x 2 + 36x + 6 is increasing. (2)
14. Find the maximum value of ( ) . (5)
15. Find the absolute maximum value of the function f(x) = 4x – x2 in the interval [-2, ]. (3)
16. In a residential society comprising of 100 houses, there were 60 children between the ages of (5)
10-15 years. They were inspired by their teachers to start composting to ensure that
biodegradable waste is recycled. For this purpose, instead of each child doing it for only his /
she house, children convinced the Residents Welfare Association to do it as a society initiative.
For this they identified a square area in the local park. Local authorities charged amount of Rs.
50 per square metre for space so that there is no misuse of the space and Resident Welfare
Association takes it seriously. Association hired a laborer for digging out 250 m3 and he
charged Rs. 400 × (depth) 2. Association will like to have minimum cost. Based on this
information, answer the following questions.
(i) Let side of square plot is x m and its depth is h metres, and then find the cost c for the
pit.
(ii) Find the value of h (in m) for which = 0.

(iii) Find .
(iv) Find the value of x (in m) for minimum cost.
(v) Find total minimum cost of digging the pit (in Rs.).
20. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f (x) = x2 – 4x + 6 is strictly increasing. (2)
21. The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 9cm3 /s. How fast is its surface (3)
area increasing when the length of an edge is 10 cm?
22. The median of an equilateral triangle is increasing at the rate of √ cm/s. Find the (3)
rate at which its side is increasing.
23. Read the following text and answer the following questions, on the basis of the same: (4)
The temperature of a person during an intestinal illness is given by
( ) m being a constant, where f(x) is the temperature
 in F° at x days
(i)If 6 is the critical point of the function, then find the value of the constant m.
(ii) Find the intervals in which the function is strictly increasing/strictly decreasing.
24. Find the points on the curve at which the tangents are parallel to y-axis. (2)

25. Find the least value of the function f (x) = 2cos x + x in the closed interval [0, -. (3)
26. Find the interval where the real function f(x) = 2x3 – 3x2 – 36x + 7 is strictly (3)
increasing and decreasing.
27. Find the value of b for which the function f (x) = x + cos x + b is strictly decreasing over R. (3)
28. For what value(s) of x area of the trapezium defined by function f and given by (3)
( ) ( )√( ), is maximum.
29. Find the maximum value of , ( ) - ⁄
, . (3)

30. The fuel cost per hour for running a train is proportional to the square of the speed it generates (5)
in km per hour. If the fuel costs Rs. 48 per hour at speed 16 km per hour and the fixed charges
to run the train amount to Rs. 1200 per hour. Assume the speed of the train as u km/h.
Based on the given information, answer the following questions.
(i) Given that the fuel cost per hour is k times the square of the speed the train generates
in km/h, find the value of k.
(ii) If the train has travelled a distance of 500 km, then the function that express total cost
of running the train in term of u.
(iii) Find the most economical speed to run the train.
(iv) Find the fuel cost for the train to travel 500 km at the most economical speed.
(v) Find the total cost of the train to travel 500 km at the most economical speed.
31. The radius of a circle is increasing at the uniform rate of 3 cm/sec. At the instant when the radius of the (5)
2
circle is 2 cm, find its rate of increase of area in cm /s.
32. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of greatest volume which can be inscribed in a
right circular cone of height h and radius r is one-third of the height of the cone, and the (5)
greatest volume of the cylinder is times the volume of the cone.
33. If the radius of the circle is increasing at the rate of 0.5 cm/s, then find the rate of increase of its (2)
circumference.
34. Amongst all open (from the top) right circular cylindrical boxes of volume 125 cm3, find the (5)
dimensions of the box which has the least surface area.
35. A ladder 13 cm long is leaning against a vertical wall. The bottom of the ladder is dragged away (3)
from the wall along the ground at the rate of 2 cm/sec. How fast is the height on the wall
decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 5 m away from the wall?
36. Show that of all rectangles inscribed in a given fixed circle, the square has maximum area. (5)
37. Find the absolute maximum value and absolute minimum value of the function (5)
( ) on the interval [0,3].
38. A tank with rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be constructed so that (5)
its depth is 2 m and volume is 8 m3. If building of tank costs Rs. 70 per square metre for the
base and Rs. 45 per square metre for the sides, what is the cost of least expensive tank?
39. The total cost C(x) associated with the production of x units of an item is given by C(x) = (2)
0.005x 3 – 0.02x 2 + 30x + 5000. Find the marginal cost when 3 units are produced, where by
marginal cost we mean the instantaneous rate of change of total cost at any level of output.
40. An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal sheet so (5)
as to hold a given quantity of water. Show that the cost of material will be least when depth
of the tank is half of its width. If the cost is to be borne by nearby settled lower income families,
for whom water will be provided, what kind of value is hidden in this question?
41. The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 9cm3 /s. How fast is its surface area increasing (2)
when the length of an edge is 10 cm?
42. Show that the function f (x) = x 3 – 3x 2 + 6x – 100 is increasing on R. (2)
43. Show that the surface area of a closed cuboid with square base and given volume is minimum, (5)
when it is a cube.
44. A kite is flying at a height of 3 metres and 5 metres of string is out. If the kite is moving away (3)
horizontally at the rate of 200 cm/s, find the rate at which the string is being released.
45. According to a psychologist, the ability of a person to understand spatial concepts is given by A (3)
 (1/3)√ , where t is the age in years, t 5,18 . Show that the rate of increase of the ability to
understand spatial concepts decreases with age in between 5 and 18.
46. Case study : Ramesh, the owner of a sweet selling shop, purchased some rectangular card (4)
board sheets of dimension 25cm by 40cm to make container packets without top. Let x cm be
the length of the side of the square to be cut out from each corner to give that sheet the shape
of the container by folding up the flaps. Based on the above information answer the following
questions.
(i) Express the volume (V) of each container as function of x only.
(ii) Find 𝑉/
(iii) (a) For what value of x , the volume of each container is maximum?
OR
(iii) (b) Check whether V has a point of inflection at x = 65/ 6 or not?
47. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12 cm3/sec. e falling sand forms a cone on the (5)
ground in such a way that the height of the cone is always one-sixth of the radius of the base.
How fast is the height of the sand sandcone increasing when the height is 4 cm ?
48. A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. e bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground, (3)
away from the wall, at the rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is its height on the wall decreasing when
the foot of the ladder is 4 m away from the wall?
49. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 3x4 – 4x3 – 12x2 + 5 is (3)
(a) strictly increasing
(b) strictly decreasing
50. Find the value(s) of x for which y = [x (x–2)]2 is an increasing function. (3)
51. The side of an equilateral triangle is increasing at the rate of 2 cm/s. At what rate is its (5)
area increasing when the side of the triangle is 20 cm?
52. Show that the altitude of the right circular cone of maximum volume that can be inscribed (5)
in a sphere of radius r is 4r/3. Also find maximum volume in terms of volume of the sphere.
53. Show that the semi vertical angle of the cone of the maximum volume and of givenslant height (5)
is Cos-1 (1/√ )
54. Find the volume of the largest right circular cylinder that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius r (5)
cm.

Integrals

1. ∫ *| | | | | |+ dx (4)

2. ∫ dx (4)
3. ∫ ( dx (4)
)( )

4. ∫( )√ dx (4)

5. ∫ dx (4)

6. ∫ dx (4)

7. ∫ | | dx (4)

8. ∫( )√ dx (4)

( )
9. ∫ dx (4)

10. ∫ ( ) dx (4)

√
11. ∫ √ dx (4)

12. ∫ | | dx (4)

13. ∫ | | dx (4)

14. ∫ ( dx (4)
)( )

15. ∫ dx (4)

16. ∫ dx (2)

17. ∫ dx (1)

18. ∫ dx (2)

19. ∫ ( dx (4)
)( )

20. ∫ dx (4)

21. ∫ *| | | | | |+ dx (4)

22. ∫ √ (2)

23. ∫ (2)
√

24. ∫ (2)

25. ∫ ( )
(2)
26. ∫ √ (2)

27. ∫ (2)

( )
28. ∫ (2)
( )

( )
29. ∫ (2)
√

( )
30. ∫ ( (2)
)( )

31. ∫ √ (3)

( )
32. ∫ (3)
( )

33. ∫ (3)

34. ∫ (3)
( )( )

( )
35. ∫ ( (3)
)

( )
36. ∫ ( (3)
)( )

( )
37. ∫ ( (3)
)( )

38. ∫ ( (3)
)( )

39. ∫ ( (5)
)( )

40. ∫ 0 ( ) 1 dx (3)
( )

41. ∫ dx (3)
( )

42. ∫ (5)

43. ∫ (5)

44. ∫(√ √ ) dx (5)

( )
45. ∫ (5)
( )

√ , ( ) -
46. ∫ dx (5)

47. ∫ (3)
48. ∫ ( ) (5)

49. ∫ (2)

50. ∫ dx (5)

51. ∫ dx (2)

52. ∫( dx (4)
)

53. ( ) (4)
∫ ( )
dx

54. ∫ dx (4)

55. ∫ dx (4)

56. (4)

57. (4)

58. (4)

Application of Integrations
1. Using integration, find the area lying above x-axis and included between the circle (6)
x2 + y2 = 8x and inside the parabola y2 = 4x.
2. Using the method of integration, find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of (6)
whose vertices are A(2, 0), B(4, 5) and C(6, 3).
3. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the parabola (5)
y2 =4ax and its latus rectum.
4. Sketch the region bounded by the lines 2x + y = 8, y = 2, y = 4 and the y-axis. (2)
Hence, obtain its area using integration.
5. Find the area of the minor segment of the circle x2 + y2 = 4 cut off by the line x = 1, (3)
using integration.
6. Find the area of the region bounded by curve 4x 2 = y and the line y = 8x + 12, (5)
using integration.
7. Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the (5)
line x + y = 2, the parabola y2 = x and the x-axis.
8. Using integration, find the area of the region*( ) √ . (5)

9. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose (5)
vertices are (2, –2), (4, 5) and (6, 2).
10. Using integration, find the area of the greatest rectangle that can be inscribed in an ellipse (6)

11. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x and (6)
the circle
12. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines (6)

13. Using integration, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (2, 3), (3, 5) and (4, 4). (6)
2 2
14. Prove that the curves y = 4x and x = 4y divide the area of the square bounded by (6)
sides x = 0, x = 4, y = 4 and y = 0 into three equal parts.
15. Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis, (6)
the line y = x and the circle x 2 + y 2 = 32.
16. Using the method of integration, find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of whose (6)
vertices are A(4, 1), B(6, 6) and C(8, 4).
17. Find the area enclosed between the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the straight line 3x – 2y + 12 = 0. (6)
18. Using integration, find the area of region bounded by the triangle whose vertices (6)
are (–2, 1), (0, 4) and (2, 3).
19. Find the area bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 16 and the line √ y = x in the first (6)
quadrant, using integration.
20. Using integration ,find the area of the region bounded by the lines y=2+x, y=2 (6)
21. Using integration find the area of the triangle formed by positive x-axis and tangent (6)
and normal to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 at (1, 3).
22. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices (6)
are (–1, 2), (1, 5) and (3, 4).

23. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis, the line y = x and (6)
the circle x2 + y2 = 32.

24. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y = |x|. (6)
2
25. Using integration, find the area bounded by the curve x = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2. (6)
26. Find the area of the region *( ) +. (3)
27. Using integration , find the area of the triangular region whose sides have equations (3)

28. Using integration, find the area of the region : {(x, y) : 0  2y  x 2 , 0  y  x, 0  x  3} (3)
29. Using integration, find the area of the region *( ) +. (5)
30. Using integration, find the area bounded by the curve and the line (5)
31. Using integration, find the area bounded by the curve and (5)
the line
32. Using integration, find the area of the region: *( ) + (5)
33. Using integration, find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse (5)
4 2 + 9 2 = 36 and the line 2 + 3 = 6.
34. Make a rough sketch of the region *( ) (5)
and find the area of the region, using the method of integration.
35. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola 2 = 8 and the line = 2. (5)
36. Sketch the region bounded by the lines and the y-axis. (2)
 Hence , otain its area using integration.
37. Using integration, find the area of the region: *( ) + (3)
38. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle ABC when (5)
its sides are given by the lines .
39. Draw the rough sketch of the curve 𝑐 ; (where ). (5)
Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the curve 𝑐
from the ordinates and the x  axis.
40. A student observes an open-air Honeybee nest on the branch of a tree, whose (2)
plane figure is parabolic shape given by . Find the area (in sq units)
of the region bounded by parabola and the line y  4.

Differential Equations
1. Find the general solution of the differential equation (2)
2. Find the integrating factor of the differential equation: (2)

3. Solve the following differential equation : (4)

4. Find the order and degree (if defined) of the differential equation: (1)

5. Find the integrating factor for solving the differential equation (1)

6. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (3)

7. Find the general solution of the differential equation ( ) . (3)

8. Find the sum of the order and the degree of the differential equation ( ) . (1)

9. An equation involving derivatives of the dependent variable with respect to the independent (4)
variables is called a differential equation. A differential equation of the form ( ) is
said to be homogeneous if F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree zero, whereas a
function F(x, y) is a homogenous function of degree n if ( ) ( ) .To solve a
homogeneous differential equation of the type ( ) ( )we make the substitution y
= vx and then separate the variables. Based on the above information, answer the following
questions:
(a) Show that (x2 – y2 )dx + 2xy dy = 0 is a differential equation of the type ( )
(b) Solve the above equation to find its general solution.
10. Find the general solution of the differential equation: edy/dx = x2 . (2)
11. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (3)
given y(1) = 0.
12. Find the general solution of the differential equation (3)
( )
13. Write the sum of the order and the degree of the following differential equation: (2)
. /
14. Find the general solution of the following differential equation: (3)
( )
15. Find the particular solution of the following differential equation (3)
, ,given that y = 0 when x = 4 .
16. Write the number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a (1)
differential equation of second order .
17. Find the general solution of the differential equation y ey dx = (y3 + 2x ey )dy. (4)
18. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
( ),given that y = at x = 1
19. Solve the following differential equation: (2)

20. Solve the following differential equation: (4)

, given that y = 1 when x = 0

21. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)

, given that y = 1 when x = 0.

22. Write the order and the degree of the following differential equation: (1)
( ) ( )
23. Solve the differential equation: . (4)

24. Solve the differential equation: (x + 1) = 2e–y – 1; y(0) = 0. (4)

25. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
e x tan y dx + (2 – e x) sec2 y dy = 0, given that y = when x = 0.
26. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
+ 2y tan x = sin x, given that y = 0 when x = .

27. Solve the differential equation (tan–1 x – y) dx = (1 + x2) dy. (4)

28. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (6)
( ) =(x+2y) , given that y = 0 when x = 1.
29. Prove that x2 – y2 = C(x2 + y2) 2 is the general solution of the differential equation (4)
(x3 – 3xy2)dx = (y3 – 3x2y)dy, where C is a parameter.
30. Solve the differential equation x + y = x cos x + sin x, given that y = 1 when x = (6)

31. Find the general solution of the differential equation ( ) ( ) . (4)

32. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
( )( ) , given that y = 0 when x = 1.
33. Write the integrating factor of the following differential equation: (1)
( ) ( )
34. Show that the differential equation: is homogeneous and solve it. (6)
35. Find the integrating factor of the differential equation: (1)
√
( )
√ √
36. Solve the differential equation: (tan–1y – x)dy = (1 + y2)dx. (6)
37. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
given that y = 0 when x = 1.
38. Solve the differential equation ( ) . (4)
39. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (4)
√ , given that y = 1 when x = 0.

40. Solve the following differential equation: (4)

( )
41. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (6)
(tan–1 y – x) dy = (1 + y2 )dx, given that when x = 0, y = 0.
42. Show that the differential equation 2yex/y dx + (y – 2x e x/y) dy = 0 is homogeneous. (6)
Find the particular solution of this differential equation, given that x = 0 when y = 1.
43. Find the difference of order and the degree of the differential equation (1)
( ) ( ) .
44. Find the solution of the differential equation ( )( ) (2)
45. Find the particular solution of the differential equation , (3)

given that when x=0 .

46. Find the particular solution of the differential equation ( ) , (3)
given that when x=0 .
47. What is the general solution of the differential equation ? (1)
48. Find the value of ' ' n , such that the differential equation (1)
( ) (𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝒙, 𝒚 ∈ 𝑹 +) is homogeneous.

Linear Programming

1. The corner points of the feasible region of an LPP are (0, 0), (0, 8), (2, 7), (5, 4) and (6, 0). (2)
Find at what point profit P = 3x + 2y is maximum occurs.
2. Find the solution set of the inequation 3x + 5y < 7 . (1)

3. Which of the following points satisfies both the inequations 2x + y 10 and x + 2y 8? (1)

(a) (–2, 4) (b) (3, 2) (c) (–5, 6) (d) (4, 2)

4. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: (3)
Maximise z = 5x + 3y subject to the constraints 3x + 5y 15, 5x + 2y 10, x, y 0.
5. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: Maximize: (5)
 P = 70x + 40y subject to: 3x + 2y 9, 3x + y 9, x 0, y 0

6. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: (5)

Minimise Z = 2x + y
Subject to the constraints x 3, x 9, y 0 x – y 0, x + y 14
7. The corner points of the feasible region for a linear programming problem are (1)
P(0, 5), Q(1, 5), R(4, 2) and S(12, 0).
Find the minimum value of the objective function, Z = 2x + 5y
8. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: (5)
maximise/ minimise objective function Z = 2x – y + 5
Subject to the constraints 3x + 4y 60 x + 3y 30 x 0, y 0
9. For an objective function Z = ax + by, where a, b > 0; the corner points of (1)
the feasible region determined by a set of constraints (linear inequalities) are
(0, 20), (10, 10), (30, 30) and (0, 40). Then find the condition on a and b such
that the maximum Z occurs at both the points (30, 30) and (0, 40).
10. The corner points of the feasible region determined by a set of constraints (1)
(linear inequalities) are P(0, 5), Q(3, 5), R(5, 0) and S(4, 1) and the objective
function is Z = ax + 2by where a, b > 0. Find the condition on a and b such that
the maximum Z occurs at Q and S.
11. For an L.P.P. the objective function is Z = 4x + 3y and the feasible region determined by a set (1)
of constraints (linear inequations) is shown in the graph.

Find the maximum and minimum value of Z.

12. Based on the given shaded region as the feasible region in the graph, at which (1)
point(s) is the objective function Z = 3x + 9y maximum?
13. In the given graph, the feasible region for a LPP is shaded. At which point(s) is (1)
the objective function Z = 2x – 3y maximum?

X
14. A linear programming problem is as follows: Minimize Z = 30x + 50y (5)
subject to the constraints, 3x + 5y 15 2x + 3y 18 x 0, y 0
Find the minimum value of Z.
15. Maximise Z = x + 2y subject to the constraints (4)
x + 2y 100 2x – y 0 2x + y 200 x, y 0
Solve the above LPP graphically.
16. Solve the following L.P.P. graphically: Minimise Z = 5x + 10y (5)
Subject to Constraints x + 2y ≤ 120 x + y ≥ 60 x – 2y ≥ 0 and x, y ≥ 0
17. Find graphically, the maximum value of z = 2x + 5y, subject to constraints given below: (5)
2x + 4y ≤ 8; 3x + y ≤ 6; x + y ≤ 4; x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
18. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically:Minimize: , (3)
subject to constraints
19. Is the half plane represented by the inequation contain the origin. (2)
Give reason to your answer.
20. (3)

Write the three inequations which together represent the shaded region ( )
shown in figure given above.
21. In the given figure, which half plane (A) or (B) is the solution of x+y>1? Justify your answer. (1)
22. Find the maximum value of objective function under given feasible region? (2)

23. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: (3)

Minimize and Maximize: , subject to constraints

24. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: (3)

Maximize: , subject to constraints

25. The corner points of the bounded feasible region determined by a system of linear constraintsare (2)
(0, 3), (1,1) and (3, 0). Let Z = px + qy, where p, q > 0.Find the condition on p and q so that the
minimum of Z occurs at (3, 0) and (1, 1)

26. The feasible region corresponding to the linear constraints of a Linear Programming (1)
Problem is given below.

Which of the following is not a constraint to the given Linear Programming Problem?
(a) x + y ≥ 2 (b) x + 2y ≤ 10 (c) x – y ≥ 1 (d) x – y ≤ 1
27. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: Maximize: z = – x + 2y, (5)
subject to the constraints: x ≥ 3, x + y ≥ 5, x + 2y ≥ 6, y ≥ 0.
28. The objective function Z = ax + by of an LPP has maximum value 42 at (4, 6) and minimum (1)
value 19 at (3, 2). Which of the following is true?
(a) a = 9, b = 1 (b) a = 5, b = 2 (c) a = 3, b = 5 (d) a = 5, b = 3

29. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: (5)

Minimise: Z = 60x + 80y Subject to constraints: 3x + 4y ≥ 8 5x + 2y ≥ 11 x, y ≥ 0
30. Solve the following Linear Programming problem graphically: Maximize: Z = 3x + 3.5y (5)
subject to constraints: x + 2y ≥ 240, 3x + 1.5y ≥ 270, 1.5x + 2y ≤ 310, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
31. In an LPP, if the objective function z = ax + by has the same maximum value on two (1)
corner points of the feasible region, then the number of points at which zmax occurs is
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) finite (d) infinite

32. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: Maximize: Z = 15x + 10y (5)
Subject to constraints: 2x + y ≤ 40 2x + 3y ≤ 80 x, y ≥ 0
33. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: (5)
Minimize Z= 3x + 4y + 370
Subject to the constraints,

34. Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: (5)

Minimize Z= 3x + y + 39500
Subject to the constraints,

35. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: (5)

Maximize: ,
subject to constraints,
36. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically: (5)
Maximize: ,
subject to constraints, .
37. Consider the following Linear Programming Problem: (3)
Minimise Z =x+2 y
Subject to :
Show graphically that the minimum of Z occurs at more than two points.
38. A linear programming problem (LPP) along with the graph of its constraints is shown below. (2)
The corresponding objective function is: , which has to be minimized. The
smallest value of the objective function Z is 134 and is obtained at the corner point 3,8 ,
 Find the optimal solution of the above linear programming problem.
39. For the linear programming problem (LPP), the objective function is and the (1)
feasible region determined by a set of constraints is shown in the graph:

Which of the following statements is true?

(A) Maximum value of Z is at R40,0 .
(B) Maximum value of Z is at Q 30,20 .
(C) Value of Z at R40,0 is less than the value at P 0,40 .
(D) The value of Z at Q 30,20 is less than the value at R40,0 .
40. The corner points of the bounded feasible region of an LPP are O(0, 0), A(250, 0), (1)
B(200, 50) and C(0,175). If the maximum value of the objective function.
Z = 2ax + by occurs at the points A(250, 0) and B(200, 50),
then the relation between a and b is:
 (A) 2a=b (B) 2a=3b (C) a=b (D) a=2b
41. The point which lies in the half-plane is (1)
(a) (0,8) (b) (1,1) (c) (5,5) (d) (2,2)
42. Solve the following LPP graphically (3)
Maximize
Subject to the constraints
43. Solve the following LPP graphically (5)
Maximize
Subject to the constraints

Probability
1. A fair dice is thrown two times. Find the probability distribution of the number of sixes. (2)
Also determine the mean of the number of sixes.
2. A and B throw a pair of dice alternately till one of them gets the sum of the numbers as (2)
multiples of 6 and wins the game. If A starts first, find the probability of B winning the game.
3. A box B1 contains 1 white ball and 3 red balls. Another box B2 contains 2 white balls and (2)
3 red balls. If one ball is drawn at random from each of the boxes B1 and B2, then
find the probability that the two balls drawn are of the same colour.
4. Events A and B are such that P (A) = , P( B) and P ( ̅ ̅) . (2)
Find whether the events A and B are independent or not.
5. Let X be a random variable which assumes values x1, x2, x3, x4 such that (2)
2P(X = x1) = 3P(X = x2) = P(X = x3) = 5P(X = x4). 2 Find the probability distribution of X.
6. Two cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. (2)
Find the probability distribution of the number of spade cards.
7. A pair of dice is thrown and the sum of the numbers appearing on the dice is observed to be (5)
7.Find the probability that the number 5 has appeared on atleast one die.
8. The probability that A hits the target is 1/3 and the probability that B hits it, is 2 /5. (5)
If both try to hit the target independently, find the probability that the target is hit.
9. A purse contains 3 silver and 6 copper coins and a second purse contains 4 silver and (4)
3 copper coins. If a coin is drawn at random from one of the two purses,
find the probability that it is a silver coin.
10. Three persons A, B and C apply for a job a manager in a private company. Chances of their (4)
selection are in the ratio 1: 2: 4. The probability that A, B and C can introduce chances to
increase the profits of a company are 0.8, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively. If increase in the profit
does not take place, find the probability that it is due to the appointment of A.

11. In a factory, machine A produces 30% of total output, machine B produces 25% and the (4)
machine C produces the remaining output. The defective items produced by machines
A, B and C are 1%, 1.2%, 2% respectively. An item is picked at random from a day's
output and found to be defective. Find the probability that it was produced by machine B?
12. There are two boxes, namely box-I and box-II. Box-I contains 3 red and 6 black balls. (4)
Box-II contains 5 red and 5 black balls. One of the two boxes, is selected at random and
a ball is drawn at random. The ball drawn is found to be red. Find the probability that
this red ball comes out from box-II.
13. Find the probability distribution of the random variable X, which denotes the number of (6)
doublets in four throws of a pair of dice. Hence, find the mean of the number of doublets (X).
14. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, two cards are (6)
drawn randomly one-by-one without replacement and are found to be both kings.
Find the probability of the lost card being a king.
15. A discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution : (6)

(a)
(a) Find the value of C.
(b) Find the mean of the distribution.
16. The events E and F independent. If P(E) = 0.3 and P(E F) 0.5 U =, then find P(E/F) – P(F/E) (1)

17. From a lot of 30 bulbs which include 6 defective bulbs, a sample of 2 bulbs is drawn at (3)
random one by one with replacement. Find the probability distribution of the number
of defective bulbs and hence find the mean number of defective bulbs.
18. A building contractor undertakes a job to construct 4 flats on a plot along with parking area. (4)
Due to strike the probability of many construction workers not being present for the job is
0.65. The probability that many are not present and still the work gets completed on time is
0.35. The probability that work will be completed on time when all workers are present is
0.80. Let: E1: represent the events when many workers were not present for the job; E2:
represent the events when all workers were present; and E: represent completing the
construction work on time. Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) What is the probability that all the workers are present for the job?
(ii) What is the probability that construction will be completed on time?
(iii) What is the probability that many workers are not present given that the
construction work is completed on time?
(iv) What is the probability that all workers were present given that the
construction job was completed on time?
19. If for any two events A and B, P(A) = 4 / 5 and P(A B) = 7/10, then find P(B/A). (1)
20. If A and B are two independent events such that P(A) =1/3 and P(B)= 3/ 4 then find P(B /A). (1)
21. In answering a question on a multiple choice test, a student either knows the answer or (5)
guesses. Let 3/ 5 be the probability that he knows the answer and 2/5 be the probability
that he guesses. Assuming that a student who guesses at the answer will be correct with
probability 1/ 3. What is the probability that the student knows the answer, given that he
answered it correctly?
22. A box contains 10 tickets, 2 of which carry a prize of Rs.8 each, 5 of which carry a prize (6)
of Rs. 4 each, and remaining 3 carry a prize of Rs. 2 each. If one ticket is drawn at random,
find the mean value of the prize.
23. Two cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. (2)
Find the probability distribution of the number of spade cards.
24. A pair of dice is thrown and the sum of the numbers appearing on the dice is observed to be 7. (2)
Find the probability that the number 5 has appeared on atleast one die.
25. The probability that A hits the target is 1 / 3 and the probability that B hits it, is 2 / 5. (2)
If both try to hit the target independently, find the probability that the target is hit.
26. A shopkeeper sells three types of flower seeds A1, A2, A3. They are sold in the form of a (4)
mixture, where the proportions of these seeds are 4: 4: 2, respectively. The germination
rates of the three types of seeds are 45%, 60% and 35% respectively.
Based on the above information:
(a) Calculate the probability that a randomly chosen seed will germinate;
(b) Calculate the probability that the seed is of type A2, given that a randomly chosen seed
germinates.
27. A bag contains 1 red and 3 white balls. Find the probability distribution of the number (2)
of red balls if 2 balls are drawn at random from the bag one-by-one
without replacement.
28. Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards one-by-one without (2)
replacement.What is the probability of getting first card red and second card jack?
29. An insurance company believes that people can be divided into two classes: those who are (4)
accident prone and those who are not. The company‟s statistics show that an accident-prone
person will have an accident at sometime within a fixed one-year period with probability 0.6,
whereas this probability is 0.2 for a person who is not accident prone. The company knows
that 20 percent of the population is accident prone.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions :
(a) What is the probability that a new policyholder will have an accident within a
(b) year of purchasing a policy?
(c) Suppose that a new policyholder has an accident within a year of purchasing a
(d) policy. What is the probability that he or she is accident prone?
30. 12 cards numbered 1 to 12 (one number on one card), are placed in a box and mixed (2)
up thoroughly. Then a card is drawn at random from the box. If it is known that the
number on the card bears an odd number.

31. Out of 8 outstanding students of a school , in which there are 3 boys and 5 girls , a team of 4 (2)
students is to be selected for a quiz competition.Find the probability that 2 boys and 2 girls are
selected.
32. In a multiple choice examination with three possible answers for each of the five questions, (2)
what is the probability that a candidate would get four or more correct answer just by
guessing?
33. An insurance company insured 3000 cyclists , 6000 scooter drivers and 9000 car drivers. (6)
The probability of an accident involving a cyclist, a scooter driver and a car driver are
 0.3, 0.05 and 0.02 respectively. One of the insured persons meets with an accident.
What is the probability that he is a cyclist?
34. A die is thrown 6 times. If "getting an odd number" is a "success", what is the probability of (2)
(i) 5 successes?
(ii) atmost 5 successes?
35. The random variable X has a probability distribution P(X) of the following form, where 'k' is (2)
some number.

( )

Determine the value of 'k'.

36. A die marked 1, 2, 3 in red and 4, 5, 6 in green is tossed. Let A be the event (5)
"number is even" and B be the event "number is marked red".
Find whether the events A and B are independent or not.
37. Two cards are drawn simultaneously (or successively without replacement) from a well (5)
shuffled pack of 52 cards. Find the mean of the number of kings.
38. A black and a red die are rolled together. Find the conditional probability of obtaining (2)
the sum 8, given that the red die resulted in a number less than 4.
39. Two numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from the first five positive (3)
integers. Let X denote the larger of the two numbers obtained. Find the mean of X.
40. Suppose a girl throws a die. If she gets 1 or 2, she tosses a coin three times and notes the (3)
number of tails. If she gets 3, 4, 5 or 6, she tosses a coin once and notes whether a „head‟ or
„tail‟ is obtained. If she obtained exactly one „tail‟, what is the probability that she threw 3, 4, 5
or 6 with the die?
41. A die, whose faces are marked 1, 2, 3 in red and 4, 5, 6 in green, is tossed. Let A be the event (2)
“number obtained is even” and B be the event “number obtained is red.”Find if A and B are
independent events.
42. There are 4 cards numbered 1, 3, 5 and 7, one number on one card. Two cards are drawn (4)
at random without replacement. Let X denote the sum of the numbers on the two drawn cards.
Find the mean of X.
43. Of the students in a school, it is known that 30% have 100% attendance and 70% students are (4)
irregular. Previous year results report that 70% of all students who have 100% attendance
attain A grade and 10% irregular students attain A grade in their annual examination. At the
end of the year, one students is chosen at random from the school and he was found to have
an A grade. What is the probability that the student has 100% attendance?
44. Prove that if E and F are independent events, then the events E and F′ are also independent. (2)
45. The random variable X can take only the values 0, 1, 2, 3. Given that P(X = 0) = P(X = 1) = p (4)
and P(X = 2) = P(X = 3) such that ∑ ∑ , find the value of p.
46. Often it is taken that a truthful person commands, more respect in the society. (4)
A man is known to speak the truth 4 out of 5 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a six.
Find the probability that it is actually a six.
47. Three persons A, B and C apply for a job of manager in a Private Company. Chance of their (4)
selection (A,B and C) are in the ratio 1:2:4. The probabilities that A, B and C can introduce
changes to improve profits of the company are 0.8, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively. If the changes
does not take place , find the probability that it is due to the appointment of C.
48. A and B throw a pair of dice alternately. A wins the game if he gets a total of 7 and B wins (4)
the game if he gets a total of 10. If a starts the game , then find the probability that B wins.
49. An urn contains 3 white and 6 red balls. Four balls are drawn one by one with replacement (6)
from the urn. Find the probability distribution of the number of red balls drawn. Also find the
mean of the distribution.
50. A bag A contains 4 black and 6 red balls and bag B contains 7 black and 3 red balls. A die is (4)
thrown. If 1 or 2 appears on it, then bag A is chosen, otherwise bag B.If two balls are drawn
at random (without replacement) from the selected bag, find the probability of one of them
being red and another black.
51. An unbiased coin is tossed 4 times. Find the mean of the number of heads obtained. (3)
52. If A and B are two independent events such that ( ̅ ) ( ̅) (4)

then find P(A) and P(B).

53. A and B throw a die alternatively till one them gets a number greater than four and wins (4)
the game. If A starts the game , what is the probability of B‟s winning?
54. A die is thrown three times. Events A and B , given that A and B are defined as below: (4)
A: 5 on the first and 6 on the second throw.
B: 3 or 4 on the third throw.
Find the probability of B, given that A has already occurred.
55. 40% students of a college reside in hostel and the remaining reside outside. At the end of the (6)
year,
50% of the hostellers got A grade while from outside students, only 30% got A grade in
examination.At the end of the year, a student of the college was chosen at random and was
found
to have gotten A grade. What is the probability that the selected student was a hosteller?
56. Out of two bags, bag A contains 2 white and 3 red balls and bag B contains 4 white and 5 red (3)
balls. One ball is drawn at random from one of the bags and is found to be red.
Find the probability that it was drawn from bag B.
57. In answering a question on a multiple choice test, a student either knows the answer or (3)
guesses.
Let be the probability that he knows the answer and be the probability that he guesses.

Assuming that a student who guesses at the answer will be correct with probability . What is

the probability that the student knows the answer, given that he answered it correctly?
58. Out of a group of 50 people, 20 always speak the truth. Two persons are selected at random (3)
from the group (without replacement). Find the probability distribution of number of selected
persons who always speak the truth.
59. A box contains 10 tickets, 2 of which carry a prize of 8 each, 5 of which carry a prize of ₹ 4 (5)
each, and remaining 3 carry a prize of 2 each. If one ticket is drawn at random,find the mean
value of the prize.
60. In a group activity class, there are 10 students whose ages are 16, 17, 15, 14, 19, 17, 16, 19 (4)
and 15 years. One student is selected at random such that each has equal chance of being
chosen and age of the student is recorded.
On the basis of the above information, answer the
(i) Find the probability that the age of the selected student is a composite number.
(ii) Let X be the age of the selected student. What can be the value of X?
(iii) Find the probability distribution of random variable X and hence find the mean age.
OR
(iii) A student was selected at random and his age was found to be greater than
15 years. Find the probability that his age is a prime number.
61. The probability that it rains today is 0.4. If it rains today, the probability that it will rain (3)
tomorrow is 0.8. If it does not rain today, the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.7. If
1: denotes the probability that it does not rain today.
2: denotes the probability that it will not rain tomorrow, if it rains today.
3: denotes the probability that it will rain tomorrow, if it does not rain today.
4: denotes the probability that it will not rain tomorrow, if it does not rain today.
(i) Find the value of .
(ii) Calculate the probability of raining tomorrow.
62. For any two events A and B, if ( ̅ ) ( ̅) P (A  B)  then find ( / ). (1)

63. Arka bought two cages of birds: Cage-I contains 5 parrots and 1 owl and Cage –II contains 6 (4)
parrots. One day Arka forgot to lock both cages and two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II
(simultaneously). Then two birds flew back from cage-II to cage-I(simultaneously). Assume
that all the birds have equal chances of flying. On the basis of the above information, answer
the following questions:-
(i) When two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II and two birds flew back from Cage-II
to Cage-I then find the probability that the owl is still in Cage-I.
(ii) When two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II and two birds flew back from Cage-II
to Cage-I, the owl is still seen in Cage-I, what is the probability that one parrot and
the owl flew from Cage-I to Cage-II?
64. A random variable X can take all non – negative integral values and the probability that X (3)
takes the value r is proportional to . Find ( ).
 Vectors and 3-D Geometry

1. For what values of p and q, the vectors

⃗ = 3 ̂ - p ̂ + 5 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = -6 ̂ + 14 ̂ + q ̂ are collinear. [2]
2. Find the area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are represented
by the vectors ⃗ = 2 ̂ - 3 ̂ + 4 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ + 2 ̂ [2]
3. Find the angle between the vectors ⃗ = ̂ + ̂ - ̂ and ⃗⃗ = ̂ - ̂ + ̂ [2]
4. The position vectors of points A, B and C are a ̂ + 3 ̂, 12 ̂ + b ̂ and 11 ̂ - 3 ̂ respectively.
If C divides the line segment joining A and B in the ratio 3:1,find the values of a and b. [2]
5. Find the magnitude of each vectors ⃗ and ⃗⃗, having the same magnitude such
that the angle between them is 60⁰ and their scalar product is 9/2. [2]
6. If ⃗ and ⃗⃗ are unit vectors, then what is the angle between ⃗ and ⃗⃗ for ⃗ - √ ⃗⃗ to be unit vectors? [2]
7. If ̂, ̂ and 𝑐̂ are mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of |2 ̂ + ̂ + 𝑐̂ | [2]
8. Find the projection of vector ⃗ = 2 ̂ + 3 ̂ + 2 ̂ on the vector ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ + 2 ̂ + ̂ [2]
9. If ⃗ = ̂ - ̂ + 7 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 5 ̂ - ̂ + m ̂ , then find the value of m so that the vectors
⃗ + ⃗⃗ and ⃗ - ⃗⃗ are orthogonal. [2]
10. Find | ⃗|if ( ⃗ - ⃗).( ⃗ + ⃗) = 12, where ⃗ is a unit vector. [2]
11. Write the projection of the vector ( ⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗) on the vector ⃗, where
⃗ = 2 ̂ - 2 ̂ + ̂ , ⃗⃗ = ̂ + 2 ̂ - 2 ̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ + 4 ̂ [2]
12. If ̂ and ̂ are unit vectors, then prove that | ̂ + ̂ | = 2 cos , where x is the angle between them. [2]

13. Find | ⃗| and | ⃗⃗|, if | ⃗| =2| ⃗⃗| and ( ⃗ + ⃗⃗).( ⃗ - ⃗⃗) = 12 [2]
14. If ⃗ + ⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = ⃗⃗, and | ⃗| = 3, | ⃗⃗| = 5, |𝑐⃗| = 7, then find the value of ⃗. ⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. ⃗ [2]
15. If the sum of two unit vectors is a unit vectors, prove that the magnitude oftheir difference is √ [2]
16. If ⃗ and ⃗⃗ are two vectors such that | ⃗ ⃗⃗| = | ⃗⃗|, then prove that ( ⃗ + 2 ⃗⃗) is perpendicular to ⃗ [3]

17. If ⃗ and ⃗⃗ are unit vectors and k is the angle between them, then prove that:sin = ½ | ⃗ - ⃗⃗| [3]

18. Let ⃗ = ̂ + ̂, ⃗⃗ = ̂ - ̂ and 𝑐⃗ = ̂ + ̂ + ̂ . If ̂ is a unit vector such that

⃗. ̂ = 0 and ⃗⃗. ̂ = 0, then find | ⃗. ̂| [3]
19. If ⃗ = 2 ̂ + 2 ̂ + 3 ̂ , ⃗⃗ = - ̂ + 2 ̂ + ̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 3 ̂ + ̂ are such that the vector
( ⃗ + m ⃗⃗) is perpendicular to 𝑐⃗, then find the value of m. [3]
20. If | ⃗| =3, | ⃗⃗| =5, |𝑐⃗| =4 and ⃗ + ⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = ⃗⃗, then find the value of ( ⃗. ⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. ⃗) [3]
21. If ⃗ and ⃗ are unit vectors and | ⃗ + ⃗| = √ , find
the angle between ⃗ and ⃗ and the value of (4 ⃗ - ⃗).(2 ⃗ + ⃗) [3]
22. If ⃗ = ̂ + 2 ̂ + 3 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ + 4 ̂ - 5 ̂ represent two adjacent sides of a
parallelogram, find unit vectors parallel to the diagonals of the parallelogram [3]
23. Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vector ⃗ and ⃗⃗ where
⃗ = 5 ̂ + 6 ̂ - 2 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 7 ̂ + 6 ̂ + 2 ̂ [3]
24. Find the unit vector perpendicular to each of the vector
⃗ = 4 ̂ + 3 ̂ + ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ + 2 ̂ [3]
25. If | ⃗| = 2, | ⃗⃗| = 7 and ⃗ ⃗⃗ = 3 ̂ + 2 ̂ + 6 ̂ , find the angle between ⃗ and ⃗⃗ [3]
26. Three vertices A, B, C and D of a parallelogram ABCD are given by
A(0, -3,3), B(-5, m – 3, 0) and D(1, -3, 4). The area of parallelogram is 6 sq. units
Using vector method find the value(s) of m [3]
27. If ⃗ ≠ ⃗⃗, ⃗. ⃗⃗ = ⃗. 𝑐⃗, ⃗ ⃗⃗ = ⃗ 𝑐⃗, then show that ⃗⃗ = 𝑐⃗ [2]
28. Using vector, find the area of triangle whose vertices are
A(1,2,3), B(2,-1,4) and C(4,5,-1) [3]
29. Let ⃗ = 4 ̂ + 5 ̂ - ̂ , ⃗⃗ = ̂ - 4 ̂ + 5 ̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 3 ̂ + ̂ - ̂ . Find a vector ⃗
which is perpendicular to both ⃗ and ⃗⃗ satisfying ⃗. 𝑐⃗ = 21 [3]
30. Let ⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ - 2 ̂ , ⃗⃗ = 7 ̂ + 2 ̂ - 3 ̂ . Express ⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗ + ⃗ where ⃗⃗ is parallel to ⃗
and ⃗ is perpendicular to ⃗. [3]
31. Find the D.R and D.C of a line parallel to 6x – 2 = 3y + 1 = 2z – 2 [2]
32. If a line makes an angle A, B and C with the coordinate axes,
then find the value of cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C [2]
33. The Cartesian equation of a line AB is = =

Find the D.C of a line parallel to the line AB. [2]

34. Find the D.C of the line = = [2]

35. Let li,, mi, ni, i = 1,2,3 be the DC of three mutual perpendicular vector in space.

Prove that AAt = I3, where A = [ ] [2]

36. If a line has D.R -18, 12, -4, then find its D.C [2]
37. Find the vector equation of a line passing through a point with position vector
2 ̂ - ̂ + ̂ and parallel to the line joining the points - ̂ +4 ̂ + ̂ and ̂ + 2 ̂ + 2 ̂ [2]
38. If A(-1,3,2), B(-2,3,-1), C(-5,-4,p) and D(-2,-4,3) are four points in space
Lines AB and CD are parallel. Find the value of p [2]
39. Find the value of k, so that the lines x = -y = kz and x-2 = 2y + 1 = -z + 1
Are perpendicular to each other. [2]
40. Find the acute angle between the lines = = and = = [2]

41. Find the shortest distance between the following lines:

⃗ = 3 ̂ + 5 ̂ + 7 ̂ + µ1 ( ̂ - 2 ̂ + ̂ ) and ⃗ = - ̂ - ̂ - ̂ + µ2 (7 ̂ - 6 ̂ + ̂ ) [3]
42. The vector form of equations of two lines L1 and L2 are
 L1: ⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ + µ1 (- 2 ̂ + ̂ ) and L2: ⃗ = ̂ + 3 ̂ + 3 ̂ + µ1 ( ̂ - 2 ̂ )
Show that L1 and L2 are skew lines [3]
43. Find the value of a so that the lines
(1-x)/3 = (7y-14)/a = (z-3)/2 and (7-7x)/3a = (y-5)/1 = (6-z)/5 are perpendicular
Also find whether the lines are intersecting or not [3]
44. Find the vector equation of the line joining (1,2,3) and (-3,4,3) and
show that it is perpendicular to z axis. [2]
45. Find the vector and cartesian equation of the line which is perpendicular to the lines
= = and = = and passes through the point (1,1,1).

Also find the angle between the given lines. [5]

46. Find the foot of the perpendicular from P(1,2,-3) to the line = =

Also find the image of P in the given line [5]

47. Show that the lines = = and = = intersects.

Also find the point of intersection [4]

48. If x is the angle between any two vectors ⃗ and ⃗⃗ satisfying
| ⃗. ⃗⃗| = | ⃗ ⃗⃗|, then find x [1]
49. For any vector ⃗, find the value of ( ⃗ ̂)2 + ( ⃗ ̂ )2 + ( ⃗ ̂ )2 [2]
50. Using vector method, find the area of triangle ABC, where
A (1, 4, 2), B(3, -3, -2) and C(-2, 2, 6) [2]
51. If the projection of ⃗ = ̂ - 2 ̂ +3 ̂ on ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ + x ̂ is zero, find x [1]
52. If ⃗ and ⃗⃗ be two unit vectors and x is the angle between them,
then find x if ⃗ + ⃗⃗ is a unit vector [2]
53. If x is the angle between the vectors ⃗ = ̂ - 2 ̂ +3 ̂ and ⃗⃗ = 3 ̂ - 2 ̂ + ̂ , find sin x [3]
54. Find the vector equation of the line passing through A(1, 2, -1) and parallel
to the line 5x – 25 = 14 – 7y = 35z [3]
55. Show that the points A, B, C with position vectors ⃗ = ̂ - 4 ̂ - 4 ̂ , ⃗⃗ = 2 ̂ - ̂ - ̂
and 𝑐⃗ = ̂ - 3 ̂ - 5 ̂ form the vertices of a right-angle triangle [3]
56. Find the cartesian equation of line which is parallel to
̂ + ̂ +3 ̂ and which passes through the point (5, -2, 4) [2]
57. Find the angle between the unit vectors ⃗ and ⃗⃗ so that √ ⃗ - ⃗⃗
is also a unit vector [2]
58. Find the vector equation of the line passing through (-1, 0, 2) and (3, 4, 6) [2]
59. If the lines = = and = = are parallel, find k [2]

60. If the lines = = and = = are at right angles, find k [2]

61. If vectors ⃗ = 2 + 2 + 3k , ⃗ = + 2 + k and 𝑐⃗ = 3 + are such that

 ⃗ + λ𝑐⃗ is perpendicular to ⃗ , then find the value of λ. [3]
62. A person standing at O 0,0,0 is watching an aeroplane which is at the coordinate point A ,
4 0 3. At the same time he saw a bird at the coordinate point B 0, 0, 1.
Find the angles which ⃗ makes with the x,y and z axes. [3]
63. The two co-initial adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 2 4 5k and 2 + 2 + 3k .
Find its diagonals and use them to find the area of the parallelogram. [3]
64. An ant is moving along the vector 1 ⃗= 2 + 3 . Few sugar crystals are kept along the
vector 2 ⃗ = 3 2 + which is inclined at an angle  with the vector 1 ⃗. Then find the
angle  . Also find the scalar projection of 1 ⃗ 2 ⃗. [3]
65. Find the vector and the cartesian equation of the line that passes through ( 1, 2, 7)
and is perpendicular to the lines ⃗ = 2 + 3k + λ( + 2 + 5k ) and
⃗ = 3 + 3 7k + (3 2 + 5k ). [3]

66. Find the shortest distance between the lines l l and l2 whose vector equations are
⃗=( ) + (7 6 + ) and ⃗ = (3 + 5 + 7 ) + ( 2 + )
where  and  are parameters. [5]
67. Find the image of the point 1,2, 1 with respect to the line .
Also find the equation of the line joining the given point and its image. [5]
68. If a line makes angles of 900, 1350, and 450 with the x,y and z axes
respectively, then find its direction cosines. [1]
69. Find the angle between the lines 2x=3y=-z and 6x=-y=-4z. [1]
70. Find the vector snd the Cartesian equation of a line that passes through the point
A(1,2,-1) and parallel to the line . [2]
71. If a line makes angles with x-axis , y-axis and z-axis respectively ,
then prove that [2]
72. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
P(0,2,3) to the line . [3]
73. Find the distance between the lines ⃗ = ( +2 4 ) + 𝜆(2 +3 + 6 ) and
⃗ = (3 + 3 - 5 ) + (4 + 6 + 12 ). [3]
74. Show that the lines and intersect . also
Find their point of intersection. [5]
75. Write the condition if two vectors ⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂
⃗⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ are collinear. [1]
76. Find the magnitude of the vector ̂ ̂ ̂. [1]
77. If ABCD is a parallelogram and AC and BD are its diagonals, then ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ is
(i) 2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (ii) 2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (iii) 2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (iv) 2 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ [1]
78. Let P and Q be two points with position vectors ⃗ ⃗⃗ and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ respectively.
Find the position vector of a point which divides the join of P and Q externally in
the ratio [1]
79. Three vectors ⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ satisfy the condition ⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ ⃗⃗. Evaluate the
quantity ⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ 𝑐⃗ ⃗, if | ⃗| | ⃗⃗| |𝑐⃗| . [2]
80. If ⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ are three vectors such that | ⃗| | ⃗⃗| |𝑐⃗| and
⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ ⃗⃗ , then find the value of ⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ 𝑐⃗ ⃗. [2]
81. If ⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗ ⃗⃗ are three unit vectors and is the angle between ⃗ ⃗⃗ ,
then find the value of . [2]
82. For the vector ⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ ⃗⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ , verify that the angle
Between ⃗ ⃗ ⃗⃗ is . [2]
83. If the vectors ⃗ ⃗⃗ are such that | ⃗| | ⃗⃗| and ⃗ ⃗⃗ is a unit vector,

then find the angle between ⃗ ⃗⃗ . [2]

84. Find the area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are determined by the vectors
⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂ ⃗⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂. [2]