Addition 1

Kindergarten & Grade 1 Workbook

AUTHOR: Maria Miller

Distributed by K5 Learning

Copyright 2007-2023 Taina Maria Miller

EDITION 5/2023

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About the Author

Maria Miller is a math teacher turned housewife and homeschooler. She has a master’s degree
in mathematics with minors in physics and statistics and has been developing math educational
materials since the early 2000s.

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 Contents

Introduction ...................................................................... 5

Games and Activities ....................................................... 6

Two Groups and a Total ................................................. 9
Learn the Symbols + and = ............................................. 12
Addition Practice 1 .......................................................... 15
Which is More? ................................................................ 17
Missing Items ................................................................... 19
Sums with 5 ...................................................................... 24
Sums with 6 ...................................................................... 26
Adding on a Number Line .............................................. 28
Sums with 7 ...................................................................... 32
Sums with 8 ...................................................................... 35
Adding Many Numbers ................................................... 38
Addition Practice 2 .......................................................... 41
Sums with 9 ...................................................................... 43
Sums with 10 .................................................................... 47
Comparisons .................................................................... 51

Review of Addition Facts ............................................... 54

Answers ............................................................................ 59

© Taina Maria Miller 4 www.k5learning.com

 Introduction
Math Mammoth Addition 1 is a self-explanatory worktext, dealing with the concept of addition and addition facts
within 0-10 (in few occasions numbers between 10 and 20 are used). The book is suitable for kindergarten and
first grade.
The book starts out with very easy and visual addition problems within 0-5, where children can simply count the
objects to add. You can easily adapt these early lessons to be done with concrete objects or manipulatives.
If the child does not know the symbols “ + ” and “ = ” yet, you can introduce them orally at first. Use blocks or
other objects to illustrate, and say: “Three blocks and four blocks makes seven blocks. Three blocks plus four
blocks equals seven blocks.” Then ask the child to make an addition problem with the objects, using those
words. Play like that until the child can use the words “plus” and “equals” in their own speech. This will make it
easier to learn to use the written symbols.
In the lesson Which Is More?, the symbols “ < ” and “ > ” are introduced as being like a “hungry alligator’s
mouth.” In this lesson, children only compare numbers, such as 5 < 7. In later lessons, children will also learn to
compare expressions, such as 2 + 3 < 4 + 4.
Next, we introduce “missing addend” problems, or problems such as 1 + ___ = 5. First, the lesson uses pictures,
and then gradually only symbols. These problems are very important, as they lead the child to learn the
connection between addition and subtraction.
A child might confuse the missing number problem 1 + ___ = 5 with 1 + 5 = ___ . To help the child see the
difference, word these problems like this: “One and how many more make five?”
You can also model missing addend problems by drawing. In our example of 1 + ___ = 5, the teacher would first
draw one stick, and then tell the student, “We need a total of five sticks. Draw more until there are five of them.”
The number of sticks that the child needs to draw in order to make five is the number that goes on the empty
line. So, you can say, “First there was one stick, then you needed to add (draw) some more to make 5. How
many more did you draw?”
Then we come to the lesson Sums with 5. It practices the number bonds (number combinations) that add up to 5,
which are 0 and 5, 1 and 4, and 2 and 3. After that, we study sums with 6, sums with 7, and so on. The goal of
these lessons is to help the child to memorize addition facts within 10. However, the child does not need to fully
memorize them yet. All of these lessons are building toward that goal, but the final mastery of addition facts
does not have to happen this early in first grade.
My approach to memorizing the basic addition facts within 0-10 is many-fold:

1. Structured drills, such as used in the lessons Sums with 5, Sums with 6, and so on, are not random drills,
because they use the pattern or the structure in the facts. This will connect the facts to a context, and help
the child to better understand the facts on a conceptual level, instead of merely memorizing them at
random. In each of these lessons, the child learns the number combinations that add up to the specific
number (aka number bonds). This understanding is the basis for the drills.
2. Using addition facts in games and in everyday life is very helpful — and especially in games, because
most children like to play games.
3. Random drilling may also be used, sparingly, as one tool among others.
4. Memory helpers can be silly mnemonics or writing math facts on a poster and hanging it on the wall. Not
all children need these, but feel free to use them if you like.
Another important thread running through the book is to develop a child’s understanding of the symbols
+, <, and > . The lessons in the book help children get used to equations such as 9 = 5 + 4 and inequalities
such as 2 < 5 + 4, to build the correct understanding of these symbols.

© Taina Maria Miller 5 www.k5learning.com

 Many children develop a misconception of the equals sign being an “operator,” as if it means that you need to
add/subtract/multiply/divide, or “operate” on the numbers in the equation. A child with this misconception will
treat the equation 9 = __ + 4 as an addition problem 9 + 4. Instead, the equals sign is just that, signifying that
what is on the right and left side of the sign are equal in value.
A number line is an important way to model addition, as it helps to build number sense and ties in with
measurement. Children also encounter addition tables, number patterns, word problems, and get used to a
symbol for the unknown number (such as in + 5 = 10). So, while it may look on the surface that all we do
is add small numbers, actually, a lot happens in this book!
Please also see the following pages for games that I recommend while studying this book. Games are important
at this level, as they help children to practice the addition facts and also make math fun.

Games and Activities

Some Went Hiding

You need: The same number of small objects as the sum you are studying. For example, to study the sums
with 5, you need 5 objects (marbles, blocks, etc).
Game play: The first player shows the objects but quickly hides some of them behind their back without
showing how many. Then they show the remaining objects to the next player, who has to say how many
“went hiding.” If the player gives the right answer, it is then their turn to hide some and ask the next player
to answer. If they give a wrong answer, they forfeit their turn. This game appeals best to young children.
Variation: Instead of getting a turn to hide objects, the player who answers correctly may gain points or
other rewards for the right answer.

10 Out (or 6 Out, 7 Out, 8 Out, etc.)

You need: A deck of number cards with numbers 1-10, or regular playing cards without the face cards.
Preparation: Choose a target sum, such as 10. Deal seven cards to each player. Place the rest face down in
a pile in the middle of the table.
Game play: At your turn, first take one card from the pile. Then try to find pairs of cards in your hand that
add up to 10, and discard any such pairs. Discard the card 10 also if you have it. If you cannot find any
such pairs, ask for any one card you want (such as 6) from the player to your right (as in “Go Fish”). That
player, if they have it, must give it, and you will then discard the pair that makes 10. Then it is the next
player’s turn. The player who first discards all the cards from their hand is the winner.
Variations:
* Deal more than seven cards.
* Deal fewer cards if there are a lot of players or the players are very young.
* Allow players to discard three cards that add up to 10.
* Instead of ten, players discard cards that add up to 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9.

© Taina Maria Miller 6 www.k5learning.com

 Number Bonds in the Pond
You need: A standard deck (or several) of playing cards or number cards
Preparation: Choose a target sum for the game. If the target sum is 5, make a deck of cards consisting of
numbers 1 through 4. If the target sum is 6, make a deck of numbers 1-5. And so on. (The deck always
consists of numbers that are from 1 through X − 1 where X is the target sum.) Place a target number card
face up between the players, and spread out the rest of the cards face down, like a pond, between the players.
Game play: At your turn, if you don’t have any cards in your hand, take two cards from the pond. If you do,
take one card from the pond. Now check if any two cards in your hand add up to the target number. If so, put
those cards away to your personal pile. If not, it is the next player’s turn. The game ends when there are no
more cards in the pond. The winner is the person with most cards in their personal pile.
Variation: Allow three cards/numbers to be added to reach the target number.
Notes: Depending on the number of players, you may need several decks of cards to make the pond. When
first playing this game with your child/students, start with 5 as the target number, and advance to target
numbers of 6, 7, and onward. Playing this game several times will help the child to memorize the number
bonds (the sums) associated with a particular target number.

Addition Challenge
You need: A standard deck of playing cards from which you remove the face cards and perhaps also some
of the other higher-numbered cards, such as tens, nines, and eights. Alternatively, a set of dominoes works
well for children who do not yet know the sums beyond 12.
Game Play: In each round, each player is dealt two cards face up, and calculates the sum. The player with
the highest sum gets all the cards from the other players. After enough rounds have been played to use all of
the cards, the player with the most cards wins. If two or more players have the same sum, those players get
an additional two cards and use those to resolve the tie.

© Taina Maria Miller 7 www.k5learning.com

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© Taina Maria Miller 8 www.k5learning.com

 Two Groups and a Total
1. Make two groups.

a. 4 b. 4 c. 4

1 and 3 2 and 2 3 and 1

d. 5 e. 5 f. 5

3 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 4

2. Make two groups. Write how many are in the second group.

a. 4 b. 4 c. 4

1 and _____ 2 and _____ 3 and _____

d. 5 e. 5 f. 5

4 and _____ 3 and _____ 2 and _____

g. 5 h. 5 i. 5

1 and _____ 5 and _____ 0 and _____

© Taina Maria Miller 9 www.k5learning.com

 3. Draw as many dots as the number shows. Then divide them into two groups.
(There are many ways to do this.) Write how many are in each group.

a. 3 b. 5 c. 4

_____ and _____ _____ and _____ _____ and _____

d. 2 e. 6 f. 8

_____ and _____ _____ and _____ _____ and _____

4. The number at the top is the total. Draw the missing dots on the face of the blank dice.
Write on the lines how many dots are on the face of each dice.

a. 3 b. 6 c. 5

_____ and _____ _____ and _____ _____ and _____

d. 4 e. 6 f. 5

_____ and _____ _____ and _____ _____ and _____

© Taina Maria Miller 10 www.k5learning.com

 2 and 2 4 1 and 4 5
“Two and two makes four.”
“One and four makes five.”

5. Write how many are in each group. Write the total in the box.

a. b. c.

____ and ____ ____ and ____ ____ and ____

d. e. f.

____ and ____ ____ and ____ ____ and ____

g. h. i.

____ and ____ ____ and ____ ____ and ____

6. Draw circles for each number. Write the total in the box.

a. 2 and 2 b. 3 and 1

c. 3 and 3 d. 1 and 4

© Taina Maria Miller 11 www.k5learning.com

 Learn the Symbols + and =

3 + 2 = 5 1 + 3 = 4
THREE plus TWO equals FIVE ONE plus THREE equals FOUR

1. Fill in the numbers. Add. Read the additions aloud using “plus” and “equals”.

a. b.

1 + 3 = + =
______ ______

c. d.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

f.
e.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

g. h.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

i. j.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

© Taina Maria Miller 12 www.k5learning.com

 2. Write the numbers. Add. Read the additions aloud using “plus” and “equals”.

a. b.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

c. d.

+ = + =
______ ______ ______ ______

3. Add with zero.

a. b.

2 + 0 = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

c. d.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

e. f.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

g.
h.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

© Taina Maria Miller 13 www.k5learning.com

 4. Write how many dots. Then add.

a. b.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

c. d.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

e. f.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

g. h.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

i. j.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

© Taina Maria Miller 14 www.k5learning.com

 Addition Practice 1
1. In the second box, draw enough things to show the second number. Then add.

a. b. c.

2 + 1 = ______ 3 + 2 = ______ 1 + 2 = ______

d. e. f.

4 + 1 = ______ 2 + 3 = ______ 0 + 4 = ______

g. h. i.

2 + 2 = ______ 1 + 0 = ______ 3 + 1 = ______

2. Draw dots in each box for the numbers. Then add.

a. b. c.

2 + 2 = ______ 1 + 3 = ______ 0 + 5 = ______

d. e. f.

4 + 1 = ______ 2 + 3 = ______ 1 + 3 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 15 www.k5learning.com

 3. Add. If you want to, you can draw balls or sticks to help you.

a. 1 + 2 = ______ b. 3 + 0 = ______ c. 2 + 2 = ______

d. 2 + 3 = ______ e. 1 + 4 = ______ f. 0 + 5 = ______

g. 3 + 2 = ______ h. 2 + 1 = ______ i. 4 + 1 = ______

4. Add in both orders! Notice: the answer is the same. You can draw marbles to help.

aa. 2 + 3 = 5 b. 1 + 2 = ______ c. 3 + 1 = ______

3 + 2 = 5 2 + 1 = ______ 1 + 3 = ______

d. 1 + 4 = ______ e. 0 + 2 = ______ f. 5 + 0 = ______

4 + 1 = ______ 2 + 0 = ______ 0 + 5 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 16 www.k5learning.com

 Which is More?
The symbols < and > are like a “hungry alligator’s mouth.”
The mouth always opens towards the bigger number.

1 < 4 5 > 3
One is less than four. Five is greater than three.
< means “IS LESS THAN”. > means “IS GREATER THAN”.

1. Practice writing < and >.

2. Circle the bigger number. Read using “less than” and “greater than”.

a. 1 < 3 b. 2 < 5 c. 5 > 3

“1 is less than 3”. “2 is less than 5”. “5 is greater than 3”.

d. 6 > 2 e. 4 > 1 f. 2 < 4

3. Circle the bigger number. Read using “less than” and “greater than”.

a. 6 > 0 b. 3 < 4 c. 4 < 5 d. 4 > 3

e. 1 < 2 f. 2 > 1 g. 3 < 5 h. 0 < 4

© Taina Maria Miller 17 www.k5learning.com

 4. Write < or > in the box.

a. 1 4 b. 2 5 c. 6 3

d. 3 4 e. 5 1 f. 2 3

5. Write < or > between the numbers. You can draw circles to help you.

a. 1 4 b. 4 3 c. 2 5 d. 0 4

6. Write < or > between the two numbers.

a. 1 4 b. 4 5 c. 2 4 d. 5 3

e. 1 2 f. 3 1 g. 5 4 h. 4 6

i. 3 5 j. 1 0 k. 2 5 l. 0 2

© Taina Maria Miller 18 www.k5learning.com

 Missing Items
Something is missing from the addition. 5
The TOTAL is not missing. The total is 5.
How many are in the second group? That is what is missing!
+
There should be a total of 5 dots. Draw 4 in the face of the
second dice. 1 + ______
There should be a total of 4 dots. The face of the second dice 4
has two. There are none on the face of the first dice, so you
need to draw them. +
Read: “2 plus what number makes 4?”
or, “2 and how many more makes 4?”
or, “What number and 2 makes 4?” ______ + 2

1. Complete the addition. Draw the missing dots. The total is on top.

3 3 5
+ + +

a. 1 + _____ b. 2 + _____ c. _____ + 4

5 5 4
+ + +

d. 3 + _____ e. _____ + 2 f. _____ + 3

5 4 4
+ + +

g. 5 + _____ h. _____ + 1 i. _____ + 2

© Taina Maria Miller 19 www.k5learning.com

 + +

3 + _____ = 5 _____ + 3 = 4

The TOTAL is now written after See the TOTAL written after
the equal sign “ = ”. the equal sign “ = ”.
The answer is 3 + 2 = 5 The answer is 1 + 3 = 4

2. Draw more dots to show the missing number. Write the missing number.

a.
+ b.
+ c.
+

2 + _____ = 4 1 + _____ = 1 _____ + 1 = 5

d.
+ e.
+ f.
+

3 + _____ = 5 _____ + 1 = 4 2 + _____ = 3

g.
+ h.
+ i.
+

5 + _____ = 5 _____ + 1 = 3 2 + _____ = 5

j.
+ k.
+ l.
+

1 + _____ = 5 _____ + 2 = 2 3 + _____ = 4

© Taina Maria Miller 20 www.k5learning.com

 3. Draw dots in the empty box for the missing number. Read the problems aloud:
“2 plus how many makes 4?”

+ + +

a. 2 + ______ = 4 b. 4 + ______ = 4 c. ______ + 3 = 4

+ + +

d. 2 + ______ = 5 e. ______ + 1 = 3 f. ______ + 4 = 5

There are no dots on the face of either dice.

The face of the first dice is missing its dots. The face of +
the second is supposed to have none, since there is a zero
below it.
____ + 0 = 4
Draw 4 dots on the face of the first dice, because 4 + 0 = 4.

4. Draw dots in the boxes for the missing numbers. Notice that some boxes are supposed
to have zero dots.

+ + +

a. 0 + ______ = 4 b. 2 + ______ = 2 c. ______ + 0 = 3

+ + +

d. 3 + ______ = 3 e. ______ + 0 = 2 f. 0 + ______ = 1

© Taina Maria Miller 21 www.k5learning.com

 5. Draw dots to illustrate each addition problem. Find what number is missing.

+ + +

a. 4 + ______ = 5 b. 1 + ______ = 2 c. ______ + 3 = 5

+ + +

d. 3 + ______ = 4 e. 2 + ______ = 3 f. ______ + 2 = 4

+ + +

g. 1 + ______ = 5 h. ______ + 1 = 4 i. 3 + ______ = 3

6. Solve. Now, the missing number goes inside the shape. You can draw dots to help you.
Remember, the number after the “ = ” sign is the total.

a. 2+ =5 b. +2=4 c. +1=3

d. +3=3 e. 3+ =5 f. 0+ =2

g. 3+ =4 h. +2=4 i. +1=5

© Taina Maria Miller 22 www.k5learning.com

 7. Practice “normal” addition.

a. 1 + 1 = ______ b. 4 + 0 = ______ c. 1 + 4 = ______

2 + 1 = ______ 3 + 1 = ______ 2 + 2 = ______

d. 2 + 3 = ______ e. 0 + 5 = ______ f. 3 + 2 = ______

1 + 4 = ______ 1 + 2 = ______ 4 + 1 = ______

8. Find the missing number. The marbles illustrate the total. Notice the patterns!

a. b. c.

0 + ______ = 3 0 + ______ = 4 0 + ______ = 5

1 + ______ = 3 1 + ______ = 4 1 + ______ = 5

2 + ______ = 3 2 + ______ = 4 2 + ______ = 5

3 + ______ = 3 3 + ______ = 4 3 + ______ = 5

4 + ______ = 4 4 + ______ = 5

5 + ______ = 5

© Taina Maria Miller 23 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 5
1. Here are some different ways to group five elephants into two groups. The “| ” symbol
separates the two groups. Write the addition sentences.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

2. Add.

a. 4 + 1 = ______ b. 2 + 3 = ______ c. 1 + 1 = ______

2 + 2 = ______ 1 + 3 = ______ 0 + 5 = ______

3 + 2 = ______ 1 + 4 = ______ 1 + 4 = ______

1 + 2 = ______ 2 + 1 = ______ 3 + 2 = ______

3. Play “5 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 5 objects (see the introduction).

© Taina Maria Miller 24 www.k5learning.com

 4. Drill. Don't write the answers in the boxes, but just solve them in your head.

1+ =5 4+ =5 +2=5 +3=5
2+ =5 3+ =5 +0=5 +1=5
0+ =5 5+ =5 +4=5 +5=5

5. Add. Compare the problems in each group. You can draw more shapes to help you
with the additions.

a. 4 + 0 = ______ b. 6 + 0 = ______ c. 3 + 0 = ______

4 + 1 = ______ 6 + 1 = ______ 3 + 1 = ______

4 + 2 = ______ 6 + 2 = ______ 3 + 2 = ______

d. 7 + 0 = ______ e. 5 + 0 = ______ f. 8 + 0 = ______

7 + 1 = ______ 5 + 1 = ______ 8 + 1 = ______

7 + 2 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 8 + 2 = ______

6. Draw more things to illustrate the missing number. Complete the addition sentence.

a. b. c.

2 + ______ = 5 ______ + ______ = 3 ______ + ______ = 4

d. e. f.

______ + ______ = 5 ______ + ______ = 6 ______ + ______ = 6

© Taina Maria Miller 25 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 6
1. Here are some different ways to group six hippos into two groups.
Write the addition sentences.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

|
______ + ______ = ______

2. Play “6 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 6 objects (see the introduction).

3. Drill. Don't write the answers but just solve them in your head.

1+ =6 4+ =6 +2=6 +3=6
2+ =6 3+ =6 +0=6 +1=6
6+ =6 5+ =6 +4=6 +5=6

4. Add the numbers and write the total on the line.

a. 1 + 5 = ______ b. 2 + 3 = ______ c. 4 + 2 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 26 www.k5learning.com

 5. Draw more little boxes to illustrate the missing number.

a. b. c.

2+ =6 2+ =5 4+ =6

d. e. f.

3+ =6 1+ =6 5+ =6

g. h. i.

1+ =5 0+ =6 3+ =5

6. Jack and Jill share 5 cucumbers and 6 lemons in different ways. Find how many Jill gets.
You can cover the cucumbers or lemons with your hand to help.

a. 5 b. 6 7. Add.

2 + 3 = ______

4 + 1 = ______
Jack gets: Left for Jill: Jack gets: Left for Jill:

2 1 3 + 3 = ______

1 4 4 + 2 = ______

5 5 1 + 3 = ______

3 0 1 + 5 = ______

0 2 2 + 2 = ______
4 3
2 + 4 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 27 www.k5learning.com

 Adding on a Number Line

5 + 3 = 8

First jump 5... Then jump 3 more. You land on 8.

1. Draw the jumps to illustrate the addition and find the answer.
You can use a different color for each number when you draw the jumps.

a. 5 + 2 = ______

b. 4 + 1 = ______

c. 6 + 3 = ______

d. 9 + 1 = ______

e. 7 + 3 = ______

f. 4 + 3 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 28 www.k5learning.com

 OR.... 5+3=8

First draw an arrow that is 5 long. Then draw an arrow that is 3 long.

2. Write the addition sentence.

a. ______ + ______ = ______

b. ______ + ______ = ______

c. ______ + ______ = ______

d. ______ + ______ = ______

e. ______ + ______ = ______

f. ______ + ______ = ______

g. ______ + ______ = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 29 www.k5learning.com

 3. Draw arrows (or jumps) to show the addition.

a. 7 + 2 = ______

b. 2 + 3 = ______

c. 5 + 4 = ______

d. 7 + 1 = ______

e. 6 + 4 = ______

f. 4 + 2 = ______

g. 9 + 1 = ______

h. 1 + 4 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 30 www.k5learning.com

 4. Write the addition sentence for each picture.
If the child is not familiar with numbers greater than 10, you can skip these.

a. ______ + ______ = ______

b. ______ + ______ = ______

c. ______ + ______ = ______

5. Add “1”, add “2” to the number. Use the number line to help.

a. b. c. d.

7 + 1 = ______ 5 + 1 = ______ 6 + 1 = ______ 8 + 1 = ______

7 + 2 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 6 + 2 = ______ 8 + 2 = ______

e. f. g. h.

10 + 1 = ______ 12 + 1 = ______ 13 + 1 = ______ 11 + 1 = ______

10 + 2 = ______ 12 + 2 = ______ 13 + 2 = ______ 11 + 2 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 31 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 7
1. Here are some different ways to group seven marbles into two groups. Write the addition
sentences.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

2. Drill. Don't write the answers here. Just solve them in your head.

5+ =7 2+ =7 6+ =7 +3=7 +7=7

3+ =7 1+ =7 0+ =7 +2=7 +1=7

7+ =7 4+ =7 4+ =7 +6=7 +5=7

3. Add.

a. b. c. d.

3 + 3 =______ 5 + 2 = ______ 6 + 1 = ______ 2 + 5 = ______

3 + 4 = ______ 4 + 2 = ______ 4 + 3 = ______ 4 + 2 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 32 www.k5learning.com

 4. Play “7 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 7 objects (see the introduction).

5. Fill in the missing numbers. You may draw dots to help. Notice the patterns!
a. b. c.

0 + ______ = 7 0 + ______ = 6 0 + ______ = 5

1 + ______ = 7 1 + ______ = 6 1 + ______ = 5

2 + ______ = 7 2 + ______ = 6 2 + ______ = 5

3 + ______ = 7 3 + ______ = 6 3 + ______ = 5

6. This is a new way to write addition! The answer goes under the line.

a. 4 b. 1 c. 5 d. 4 e. 4
+ 3 + 5 + 0 + 1 + 0

f. 2 g. 0 h. 1 i. 3 j. 2
+ 5 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 2

k. 4 l. 2 m. 1 n. 3 o. 2
+ 2 + 0 + 6 + 4 + 4

© Taina Maria Miller 33 www.k5learning.com

 7. Solve the word problems. Draw pictures to help you!
Think: Are you asked the total? Or do you already know the total?

a. Lisa has three goldfish and Lauren b. Paul has seven T-shirts. Two of
has six. How many goldfish do they them are red. How many are not red?
have together?

c. A fish bowl has four fish swimming d. Paul has nine toy cars. Six of them
in it. Lisa added four more. are in the living room. The rest
How many fish are now in it? of them Paul cannot find.
How many cars are missing?

e. Jill wants to have hats for all f. Brenda ate two cookies, and later she
seven of her dolls. She has found ate four more. How many cookies did
three hats so far. she eat?
How many does she still need?

+ = 6 + = 7

What numbers + + + +
can go into
these puzzles? + = 5 + = 6

= = = =
5 6 7 6

© Taina Maria Miller 34 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 8
1. Here are some different ways to group eight marbles into two groups. Write the
additions.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

|
______ + ______ = ______

2. Drill. Do not write the answers here. Just solve them in your head.

+5=8 +4=8 2+ =8 3+ =8 8+ =8

+0=8 +6=8 5+ =8 7+ =8 6+ =8

+2=8 +3=8 1+ =8 4+ =8 + 1=8

3. Play “8 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 8 objects (see the introduction).

© Taina Maria Miller 35 www.k5learning.com

 4. Fill in the missing numbers. You may draw dots to help. Notice the patterns!
a. b. c.

1 + ______ = 8 1 + ______ = 7 1 + ______ = 6

2 + ______ = 8 2 + ______ = 7 2 + ______ = 6

3 + ______ = 8 3 + ______ = 7 3 + ______ = 6

4 + ______ = 8 4 + ______ = 7 4 + ______ = 6

5. Draw the missing marbles. Write the additions.

a. ______ + ______ = 6 b. ______ + ______ = 5

c. ______ + ______ = 6 d. ______ + ______ = 8

e. ______ + ______ = 7 f. ______ + ______ = 4

g. ______ + ______ = 8 h. ______ + ______ = 8

© Taina Maria Miller 36 www.k5learning.com

 6. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

3 + 4 =______ 6 + 2 = ______ 6 + 1 = ______ 2 + 5 = ______

4 + 4 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 1 + 7 = ______ 2 + 6 = ______

e. f. g. h.

5 + ______ = 7 4 + ______ = 8 3 + ______ = 7 2 + ______ = 8

5 + ______ = 8 4 + ______ = 7 3 + ______ = 8 2 + ______ = 7

7. Add.
a. 4 b. 6 c. 3 d. 7 e. 5
+ 2 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 2

f. 1 g. 6 h. 4 i. 5 j. 3
+ 2 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 2

8. Which number is greater? Or are they equal? Write < , > or = .

a. 7 = 7 b. 7 8 c. 6 4 d. 10 10

e. 8 4 f. 2 2 g. 0 0 h. 8 7

i. 4 4 j. 1 5 k. 6 8 l. 2 0

© Taina Maria Miller 37 www.k5learning.com

 Adding Many Numbers
When you add three numbers, you can add them in any order you wish.

You can add the first Or you can add the Or you can add the first
two numbers first: last two numbers first: and the last number first:

1 + 5 +2 1 +5 + 2
\ / \ /
6 + 2= 8 1 + 7 = 8

It doesn’t matter in which order you add three numbers.

1. Add in different orders. Which way is easier for you?

a. b. c.
Add the last two numbers first. Add the first two numbers first. Add the last two numbers first.

2 + 5 + 2 = _____ 3 + 1 + 5 = _____ 2 + 5 + 3 = _____

Add the first and last number first. Add the first and last number first. Add the first two numbers first.

2 + 5 + 2 = _____ 3 + 1 + 5 = _____ 2 + 5 + 3 = _____

2. Add. Again, you can add in any order.

a. 5 b. 3 c. 2 d. 7 e. 4
1 1 2 1 0
+ 4 + 4 + 4 + 1 + 3

f. 2 g. 1 h. 3 i. 7 j. 4
6 1 2 2 1
+ 2 + 8 + 4 + 1 + 4

© Taina Maria Miller 38 www.k5learning.com

 3. Solve. You can draw pictures to help.

a. Molly was picking flowers. First she picked two pretty ones.
Then she found some more and picked three more flowers.
Then she picked two more.
How many flowers does Molly have now?

b. Emily put three chairs in a row. Behind them she put another
three chairs, and yet behind them three more chairs.
Draw a picture.
How many chairs did she use?

c. Jack has 10 rabbits. One morning when he came to see them,

he only saw 6 rabbits. How many were missing?

4. Are these additions right? Circle true or false.

a. 1+2+3 = 6 true or false b. 2+2+3 = 8 true or false

1+7+2 = 9 true or false 2+5+2 = 9 true or false

5. Match the addition problems to the right pictures and solve them.

a. 3 + 3 + 3 = ______
b. 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = ______
c. 4 + 4 + 4 = ______
d. 2 + 2 + 2 = ______
e. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ______
f. 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = _____

© Taina Maria Miller 39 www.k5learning.com

 6. Write the additions that match the number line jumps.

a. _______ + _______ + _______ = _______

b. _______ + _______ + _______ = _______

c. _______ + _______ + _______ + _______ = _______

d. _______ + _______ + _______ + _______ = _______

7. Add four numbers. You can color the numbers you want to add first!

a. b. c.

1 + 2 + 2 + 3 = _____ 4 + 0 + 3 + 2 = _____ 2 + 5 + 3 + 0 = _____

5 + 0 + 1 + 2 = _____ 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 = _____ 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 = _____

2 + 1 + 3 + 4 = _____ 7 + 1 + 1 + 1 = _____ 2 + 1 + 5 + 2 = _____

© Taina Maria Miller 40 www.k5learning.com

 Addition Practice 2
1. Add.

a. 4 + 4 = ______ b. 4 + 3 = ______ c. 2 + 4 = ______

6 + 2 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 1 + 6 = ______

2. Double means two times the same thing! Draw dots or sticks. Write the total in the box.

II II
a. Double 2 b. Double 3 c. Double 4

d. Double 5 e. Double 0 f. Double 1

3. Draw jumps for each of the additions. Find the answer.

a. 4 + 2 = ______

b. 6 + 1 = ______

c. 7 + 3 = ______

d. 3 + 6 = ______

© Taina Maria Miller 41 www.k5learning.com

 4. You can add the numbers in either order! Which way is easier?

a. b. c. d.

7 + 2 = ______ 2 + 5 = ______ 6 + 2 = ______ 1 + 4 = ______

2 + 7 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 2 + 6 = ______ 4 + 1 = ______

5. Let’s make charts! In the first chart, add one each time. In the second, add two each
time. In the third, add three each time.
a. b. c.
Add 1 Add 2 Add 3

5 +1= 6 2 + 2 = ______ 2 + 3 = ______

6 + 1 = ______ 3 + 2 = ______ 3 + 3 = ______

7 + 1 = ______ 4 + 2 = ______ 4 + 3 = ______

8 + 1 = ______ 5 + 2 = ______ 5 + 3 = ______

9 + 1 = ______ 6 + 2 = ______ 6 + 3 = ______

6. Fill in the addition tables. Add the number above and the number to the left.

+ 1 2 3

© Taina Maria Miller 42 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 9
1. Here are some different ways to group nine marbles into two groups. Write the
addition sentences.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

2. Drill. Do not write the answers here. Just solve the answers in your head.

+8=9 +4=9 2+ =9 3+ =9 7+ =9

+2=9 +6=9 9+ =9 6+ =9 +1=9

+7=9 +3=9 0+ =9 4+ =9 +5=9

3. Play “9 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 9 objects (see the introduction).

© Taina Maria Miller 43 www.k5learning.com

 4. Fill in the missing numbers.

a. +0=9 b. 6+ =9 c. 8+ =9

d. +4=9 e. 2+ =9 f. 3+ =9

5. Fill in the missing numbers. You may draw dots to help. Notice the patterns!
a. b. c.

1 + ______ = 7 1 + ______ = 8 1 + ______ = 9

2 + ______ = 7 2 + ______ = 8 2 + ______ = 9

3 + ______ = 7 3 + ______ = 8 3 + ______ = 9

4 + ______ = 7 4 + ______ = 8 4 + ______ = 9

6. Add.
a. 2 b. 1 c. 4 d. 7 e. 7
+ 5 + 6 + 4 + 1 + 2

f. 3 g. 4 h. 3 i. 1 j. 4
+ 5 + 2 + 4 + 5 + 5

© Taina Maria Miller 44 www.k5learning.com

 7. Solve the word problems. Write an addition sentence or a “missing addend” sentence
for each problem. Think: “Is it asking the total? Or, do I already know the total, and
something else is being asked?” You can draw a picture to help!

a. Mom has two eggs at home. b. You see four crayons in the crayon
The cake recipe calls for five eggs. box and the rest of them are missing.
How many more eggs will she need? The full box has eight crayons.
How many crayons are missing?

c. Jenny and Penny each have five d. You have two dollars. Can you
goldfish. How many do they buy a doll for nine dollars?
have together?

Father has eight dollars. How much

Betty has three goldfish. How many money do you have together?
do the three girls have together?
Can you buy the doll together?

e. There are two red chairs in the living f. Joshua has $5. He wants to buy
room and six red chairs in the kitchen, a truck for $7. How many more
and none in the other rooms. How dollars will he need?
many red chairs are in the house?

g. If you have $8, and a gift for Mom h. Jack bought nails for five dollars and
costs $10, how much more money screws for four dollars. How much
do you need? money did he spend in all?

© Taina Maria Miller 45 www.k5learning.com

 First add 3 + 2. It is 5. 3+2 4
Do not write 5 in the box!
↓ ↓
Then compare 5 and 4.
Five is greater. Draw > . 5 4

8. First add. Write the answer below (not in the box!). Then write < , > or = .

a. 5+2 4 b. 4+4 7 c. 2 1+1 d. 7 3+6

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
4 7

9. Add in your head. Compare the sum to the other number. Then write < or > .

a. 1+4 3 b. 2+2 5 c. 2 0+0 d. 7 5+3

e. 4+4 9 f. 3+5 6 g. 7 6+2 h. 8 3+4

Complete these number puzzles. Is there more than one

solution?

+ = 9 + = 9

+ + + +

+ = 9 + = 8

= = = =
10 8 9 8

© Taina Maria Miller 46 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 10
1. Here are some different ways to group ten marbles into two groups. Write the additions.

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

| |
______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

|
______ + ______ = ______

2. Play “10 Out” and/or “Some Went Hiding” with 10 objects (see the introduction).

© Taina Maria Miller 47 www.k5learning.com

 3. Drill. Do not write the answers here. Just think of the answers in your head.
+ 6 = 10 + 4 = 10 1+ = 10 6+ = 10 3+ = 10

+ 3 = 10 + 5 = 10 7+ = 10 9+ = 10 4+ = 10

+ 8 = 10 + 9 = 10 2+ = 10 5+ = 10 8+ = 10
4. Fill in the missing numbers. You may draw dots to help. Notice the patterns!
a. b. c.

2 + ______ = 10 2 + ______ = 9 2 + ______ = 8

3 + ______ = 10 3 + ______ = 9 3 + ______ = 8

4 + ______ = 10 4 + ______ = 9 4 + ______ = 8

5 + ______ = 10 5 + ______ = 9 5 + ______ = 8

5. Connect two numbers together if they make ten.

4 1 6 4 4 3

5 2 3 8 2 2

3 7 1 9 2 5

3 6 5 7 5 7

9 0 3 2 3 8

© Taina Maria Miller 48 www.k5learning.com

 6. Which number is greater? Or are they equal? Write < , > or = .
(Write one of the alligator mouths or the equal sign).

a. 6 7 b. 10 8 c. 6 8 d. 10 10

e. 8 6 f. 5 5 g. 9 8 h. 5 10

7. First add. Think of the answers in your head. Then compare and write < , > or =.

a. 1+9 9 b. 4+4 9 c. 6 5+2 d. 9 5+4

e. 5+5 10 f. 3+5 7 g. 10 6+3 h. 7 7+1

8. Which numbers add up to ten? Fill in the missing numbers.

a. + 10 = 10 b. 6+ = 10 c. + 3 = 10

+ 5 = 10 2+ = 10 + 8 = 10

+ 1 = 10 4+ = 10 + 9 = 10

9. Draw a line to the correct answer.

7+1 7+3
2+6 3+6
3+4 4+6
7 5+2 8 9 1+8 10
4+4 5+4
1+6 3+7
5+3 2+8

© Taina Maria Miller 49 www.k5learning.com

 10. Solve the word problems. Think: Are you asked the total? Or do you already know
the total?

a. There were three birds in b. Tina has seven books from

the tree. Seven more flew in. the library. She has read three.
How many birds are now in the tree? How many books has she not read?

c. Jessica has ten dolls. She d. Larry has three toy cars
sees four of them in her room. and his brother also has three.
How many are somewhere else? How many do they have together?

e. Bill has ten toy cars but f. Jack saw two birds on
he can find only six. the lawn and five on the fence.
How many are missing? How many birds did he see in all?

g. Together, Jessica and Jenny have h. The store has ten dolls.
ten books. Jenny has five of them. Two of them are on the bottom
How many does Jessica have? shelf. The rest are on the top shelf.
How many dolls are on the top shelf?

© Taina Maria Miller 50 www.k5learning.com

 Comparisons

= =
= means
6=2+4 “EQUALS”
7=7
Seven equals seven. Six equals two plus four.

 means
 > “IS LESS THAN”

78  means
3+45 “IS GREATER
Seven is less than eight. Three plus four is greater than five. THAN”

1. First add in your head. Then write < , > or = .

a. 4+1 5 b. 7 4+4 c. 6 2+3

d. 2+5 7 e. 5 5+0 f. 10 5+5

g. 2+2 3 h. 9 9 i. 2 2+2

2. Pick a number to write on the line so the comparison is true.

a. 5 6 7 b. 4 5 6 c. 5 6 7 d. 2 3 4

_______ < 6 _______ < 5 ______ > 6 ______ > 3

e. 9 7 5 f. 3 6 9 g. 1 3 7 h. 2 4 6

______ > 7 _______ < 5 ______ > 6 _______ < 3

© Taina Maria Miller 51 www.k5learning.com

 3. Pick a number to write on the line so the comparison is true.

a. 2 3 4 b. 4 5 6 c. 1 2 3

2 + ______ = 6 1 + ______ < 6 4 + ______ < 7

d. 4 5 6 e. 4 5 6 f. 7 8 9

2 + ______ > 6 1 + ______ = 6 1 + ______ > 9

g. 6 7 8 h. 2 4 6 i. 4 5 6

10 = 2 + ______ 3 + ______ < 7 4 + ______ > 8

4. Compare. Write < , > or = .

a. 4+3 5 b. 7 +1 9 c. 4 4+2

d. 2+5 8 e. 3+4 6 f. 6 3+3

g. 8+2 10 h. 9+2 9 i. 2 2+1

5. Challenges! First add in your head. Then write < , > or = .

a. 7+3 2+8 b. 1+1 1+4 c. 4 1+4

d. 5+4 4+5 e. 2+5 2+2 f. 3 3+1

g. 2+4 2+1 h. 10 + 0 0 + 10 i. 0 0+0

© Taina Maria Miller 52 www.k5learning.com

 6. Are these additions right? Circle true or false.

a. 7 + 3 = 10 true or false d. 7 = 1+5 true or false

b. 9 = 5+5 true or false e. 2+2 = 1+3 true or false

c. 2+4 = 7 true or false f. 3+5 = 7+2 true or false

7. What numbers make 10? Draw arrows to illustrate the additions on the number line.

a. 10 = ______ + ______

b. 10 = ______ + ______

c. 10 = ______ + ______

8. Fill in as much of the addition table as you can, and do not worry about the rest.
Color the square blue if the answer is 8.

+ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

© Taina Maria Miller 53 www.k5learning.com

 Review of Addition Facts
1. Write different sums of 5 and sums of 6.

5 = ______ + ______ 6 = ______ + ______

5 = ______ + ______ 6 = ______ + ______

5 = ______ + ______ 6 = ______ + ______

5 = ______ + ______ 6 = ______ + ______

2. Draw a line to the 3. Find the missing addends.

correct answer.

4+1 ______ + 2 = 6 ______ + 0 = 6

2+3
3+3 2 + ______ = 5 0 + ______ = 5
5+0
5 4+2 6 1 + ______ = 5 3 + ______ = 6
5+1
0+6 6 + ______ = 6 4 + ______ = 6
1+4
2+4 ______ + 1 = 6 ______ + 4 = 5

4. Compare. Write < , > , or = .

2+2 5 4+4 5 6 2+4

2+3 5 5+5 5 6 2+5

2+4 5 5+0 5 6 2+6

© Taina Maria Miller 54 www.k5learning.com

 5. Write different sums of 7 and sums of 8.

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

7 = ______ + ______ 8 = ______ + ______

6. Draw a line to the 7. Find the missing addends

correct answer.

4+3 ______ + 2 = 7 ______ + 4 = 8

2+6
3+5 ______ + 4 = 7 3 + ______ = 7
4+4
7 5+2 8 2 + ______ = 8 3 + ______ = 8
1+6
5+3 5 + ______ = 8 7 + ______ = 8
7+1
6+2 6 + ______ = 7 5 + ______ = 7

8. Compare. Write < , > , or = .

3+3 7 6+1 7 8 6+4

4+3 7 6+6 7 8 4+4

5+3 7 6+4 7 8 5+4

© Taina Maria Miller 55 www.k5learning.com

 9. Write different sums of 9 and sums of 10.

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

9 = ______ + ______ 10 = ______ + ______

10. Draw a line to the 11. Find the missing addends.

correct answer.

2+7 ______ + 2 = 10 ______ + 6 = 9

3+6
4+6 ______ + 4 = 9 7 + ______ = 10
5+5
9 9+1 10 2 + ______ = 9 3 + ______ = 9
1+8
5+4 5 + ______ = 10 7 + ______ = 9
3+7
2+8 6 + ______ = 10 4 + ______ = 10

12. Compare. Write < , > , or = .

2+6 9 6+6 10 10 10 + 4

4+6 9 5+5 10 10 10 + 0

3+6 9 4+4 10 10 10 + 7

© Taina Maria Miller 56 www.k5learning.com

 13. Add.
a. b. c.

8 + 1 = ______ 4 + 1 + 1 = ______ 5 + 2 + 0 + 0 = ______

6 + 2 = ______ 8 + 2 + 0 = ______ 4 + 3 + 1 + 2 = ______

1 + 7 = ______ 1 + 3 + 6 = ______ 1 + 2 + 2 + 1 = ______

3 + 4 = ______ 2 + 2 + 4 = ______ 2 + 3 + 1 + 3 = ______

14. Fill in as much as you can of the addition table.

+ 2 4 3 6 7 5 8

represents a number, and represents another

number. Solve what they are in each case (a, b, and c).
Hint: Make a guess! Then check if your guess is correct.
If not, change your guess.

a. b. c.

+ =6 + = 7 + + =7

+ =8 + = 10 + =5

© Taina Maria Miller 57 www.k5learning.com

 (This page is intentionally left blank.)

© Taina Maria Miller 58 www.k5learning.com

 Math Mammoth Addition 1 Answer Key
Two Groups and a Total, p. 9
1.

2. a. 1 + 3 = 4 b. 2 + 2 = 4 c. 3 + 1 = 4 4. a. 1 and 2 b. 4 and 2 c. 2 and 3

d. 4 + 1 = 5 e. 3 + 2 = 5 f. 2 + 3 = 5 d. 3 and 1 e. 3 and 3 f. 1 and 4
g. 1 + 4 = 5 h. 5 + 0 = 5 i. 0 + 5 = 5
5. a. 2 + 1 = 3 b. 3 + 1 = 4 c. 2 + 2 = 4
3. The answers will vary. d. 2 + 3 = 5 e. 1 + 3 = 4 f. 1 + 1 = 2
Please check the student’s work. g. 3 + 2 = 5 h. 4 + 1 = 5 i. 1 + 2 = 3
6. a. 4 b. 4 c. 6 d. 5

Learn the Symbols + and =, p. 12

1. a. 4 b. 1 + 2 = 3 3. a. 2 + 0 = 2 b. 3 + 0 = 3 c. 4 + 0 = 4
c. 3 + 2 = 5 d. 1 + 4 = 5 d. 0 + 2 = 2 e. 0 + 5 = 5 f. 1 + 0 = 1
e. 2 + 3 = 5 f. 1 + 1 = 2 g. 0 + 3 = 3 h. 0 + 0 = 0
g. 2 + 2 = 4 h. 3 + 2 = 5
i. 3 + 1 = 4 j. 2 + 2 = 4 4. a. 1 + 3 = 4 b. 2 + 2 = 4 c. 4 + 1 = 5
d. 2 + 0 = 2 e. 3 + 2 = 5 f. 0 + 1 = 1
2. a. 1 + 3 = 4 b. 3 + 2 = 5 g. 2 + 1 = 3 h. 3 + 0 = 3 i. 1 + 1 = 2
c. 2 + 3 = 5 d. 2 + 1 = 3 j. 2 + 3 = 5

Addition Practice 1, p. 15

1. a. 2 + 1 = 3 b. 3 + 2 = 5 c. 1 + 2 = 3 3. a. 1 + 2 = 3 b. 3 + 0 = 3 c. 2 + 2 = 4
d. 4 + 1 = 5 e. 2 + 3 = 5 f. 0 + 4 = 4 d. 2 + 3 = 5 e. 1 + 4 = 5 f. 0 + 5 = 5
g. 2 + 2 = 4 h. 1 + 0 = 1 i. 3 + 1 = 4 g. 3 + 2 = 5 h. 2 + 1 = 3 i. 4 + 1 = 5

2. a. 2 + 2 = 4 b. 1 + 3 = 4 c. 0 + 5 = 5 4. b. 1 + 2 = 3, 2 + 1 = 3 c. 3 + 1 = 4, 1 + 3 = 4
d. 4 + 1 = 5 e. 2 + 3 = 5 f. 1 + 3 = 4 d. 1 + 4 = 5, 4 + 1 = 5 e. 0 + 2 = 2, 2 + 0 = 2
f. 5 + 0 = 5, 0 + 5 = 5

© Taina Maria Miller 59 www.k5learning.com

 Which is More?, p. 17

2. a. 3 b. 5 c. 5 4. a. 1 < 4 b. 2 < 5 c. 6 > 3

d. 6; 6 is greater than 2. d. 3 < 4 e. 5 > 1 f. 2 < 3
e. 4; 4 is greater than 1.
f. 4; 2 is less than 4. 5. a. 1 < 4 b. 4 > 3 c. 2 < 5 d. 0 < 4

3. a. 6 b. 4 c. 5 d. 4 6. a. 1 < 4 b. 4 < 5 c. 2 < 4 d. 5 > 3

e. 2 f. 2 g. 5 h. 4 e. 1 < 2 f. 3 > 1 g. 5 > 4 h. 4 < 6
i. 3 < 5 j. 1 > 0 k. 2 < 5 l. 0 < 2

Missing Items, p. 19
1. a. 2 b. 1 c. 1 d. 2 e. 3 5. a. 1 b. 1 c. 2 d. 1 e. 1
f. 1 g. 0 h. 3 i. 2 f. 2 g. 4 h. 3 i. 0
2. a. 2 b. 0 c. 4 d. 2 e. 3 f. 1 6. a. 3 b. 2 c. 2 d. 0 e. 2 f. 2 g. 1 h. 2 i. 4
g. 0 h. 2 i. 3 j. 4 k. 0 l. 1
7. a. 2, 3 b. 4, 4 c. 5, 4 d. 5, 5 e. 5, 3 f. 5, 5
3. a. 2 b. 0 c. 1 d. 3 e. 2 f. 1
8. a. 3, 2, 1, 0 b. 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 c. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0
4. a. 4 b. 0 c. 3 d. 0 e. 2 f. 1

Sums with 5, p. 24
1. 2.

| | a. 4 + 1 = 5 b. 2 + 3 = 5 c. 1 + 1 = 2
2+2=4 1+3=4 0+5=5
0+5=5 5+0=5 3+2=5 1+4=5 1+4=5
1+2=3 2+1=3 3+2=5
| |
1+4=5 4+1=5 4. 1 + 4 = 5 4+ 1 =5 3 +2=5 2 +3=5
2+ 3 =5 3+ 2 =5 5 +0=5 4 +1=5
| | 0+ 5 =5 5+ 0 =5 1 +4=5 0 +5=5
2+3=5 3+2=5 5. a. 4, 5, 6 b. 6, 7, 8 c. 3, 4, 5
d. 7, 8, 9 e. 5, 6, 7 f. 8, 9, 10
6. a. 2 + 3 = 5 b. 1 + 2 = 3 c. 3 + 1 = 4
d. 4 + 1 = 5 e. 3 + 3 = 6 f. 2 + 4 = 6

Sums with 6, p. 26
1. 3.
| | 1+ 5 =6 4+ 2 =6 4 +2=6 3 +3=6
2+ 4 =6 3+ 3 =6 6 +0=6 5 +1=6
0+6=6 6+0=6 6+ 0 =6 5+ 1 =6 2 +4=6 1 +5=6
| | 4. a. 6 b. 5 c. 6
1+5=6 5+1=6
5. a. 2 + 4 = 6 b. 2 + 3 = 5 c. 4 + 2 = 6
| | d. 3 + 3 = 6 e. 1 + 5 = 6 f. 5 + 1 = 6
g. 1 + 4 = 5 h. 0 + 6 = 6 i. 3 + 2 = 5
2+4=6 4+2=6
| 6. a. 3, 4, 0, 2, 5, 1 b. 5, 2, 1, 6, 4, 3

3+3=6 7. 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 6

© Taina Maria Miller 60 www.k5learning.com

 Adding on a Number Line, p. 28
1. a. 7 3. a. 9

b. 5
b. 5

c. 9

c. 9 ,
d. 8

,
d. 10
e. 10

,
f. 6
e. 10

,
g. 10
f. 7
,
h. 5

2. a. 3 + 3 = 6 b. 5 + 4 = 9 c. 2 + 8 = 10
d. 6 + 1 = 7 e. 2 + 5 = 7 f. 4 + 4 = 8 4. a. 8 + 5 = 13 b. 9 + 3 = 12 c. 6 + 8 = 14
g. 6 + 2 = 8
5. a. 8, 9 b. 6, 7 c. 7, 8 d. 9, 10
e. 11,12 f.13, 14 g. 14, 15 h. 12, 13

Sums with 7, p. 32
1. 5. a. b. c.
| |
0 + 7= 7 0+6=6 0+5=5
0+7=7 7+0=7
| | 1+6=7 1+5=6 1+4=5
1+6=7 6+1=7
| | 2+5=7 2+4=6 2+3=5
2+5=7 5+2=7
| | 3+4=7 3+3=6 3+2=5
3+4=7 4+3=7
6. a. 7 b. 6 c. 5 d. 5 e. 4 f. 7 g. 3 h. 4
2. i. 6 j. 4 k. 6 l. 2 m. 7 n. 7 o. 6
5+ 2 =7 2+ 5 =7 6+ 1 =7 4 +3=7 0 +7=7
3+ 4 =7 1+ 6 =7 0+ 7 =7 5 +2=7 6 +1=7
7+ 0 =7 4+ 3 =7 4+ 3 =7 1 +6=7 2 +5=7

3. a. 6, 7 b. 7, 6 c. 7, 7 d. 7, 6

© Taina Maria Miller 61 www.k5learning.com

 7. The use of pictures is optional. It helps many children, 7. d. We know the total is 9. The picture would show six
though, and in the future—even in algebra word toy cars in the living room (perhaps inside a box).
problems—it is a good tactic for solving the problems. Paul has nine. The addition sentence is 6 + 3 = 9.
Some of the problems are simple addition problems, some Three cars are missing.
are missing addend problems. To distinguish between e. We know the total is 7. The picture would have seven
addition and missing addend problems, you can ask: is dolls and three hats. 3 + 4 = 7. She needs to find 4
the problem asking for the total, or do you already know more hats.
the total? Is the problem asking how many there are f. The problem asks for a total. 2 + 4 = 6. She ate 6
together, or is it asking how many are missing? cookies.
a. The problem asks for a total. The addition sentence is Puzzle Corner. There are many possible solutions;
3 + 6 = 9 goldfish. the ones below are just one possibility.
b. We know the total is 7. The picture would show
initially two shirts, and then the child would draw some 5 + 1 = 6 1 + 6 = 7
more so the total would be seven shirts. The red and + + + +
other colors together make 7. The addition sentence
for this problem is simply 2 + 5 = 7. Five of the 0 + 5 = 5 6 + 0 = 6
T-shirts are not red. = = = =
c. The problem asks for a total. 4 + 4 = 8 fish. 5 6 7 6

Sums with 8, p. 35
1.
5.
| |
0+8=8 8+0=8 a. 2 + 4 = 6 b. 2 + 3 = 5

| | c. 4 + 2 = 6 d. 5 + 3 = 8
1+7=8 7+1=8
e. 3 + 4 = 7 f. 2 + 2 = 4
| |
g. 3 + 5 = 8 h. 2 + 6 = 8
2+6=8 6+2=8
| | 6.
3+5=8 5+3=8 a. b. c. d.
| 3+4=7 6+2=8 6+1=7 2+5=7
4+4=8 4+4=8 5+2=7 1+7=8 2+6=8
e. f. g. h.
2. 5+2=7 4+4=8 3+4=7 2+6=8
3 +5=8 4 +4=8 2+ 6 =8 5+3=8 4+3=7 3+5=8 2+5=7
8 +0=8 2 +6=8 5+ 3 =8 7.
6 +2=8 5 +3=8 1+ 7 =8
a. 4 b. 6 c. 3 d. 7 e. 5
3+ 5 =8 8+ 0 =8 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 2
7+ 1 =8 6+ 2 =8 8 6 8 7
4+ 4 =8 7 + 1=8 6

4. a. b. c.
f. 1 g. 6 h. 4 i. 5 j. 3
+ 2 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 2
1+7=8 1+6=7 1+5=6
3 7 7 6 5

2+6=8 2+5=7 2+4=6

8. a. 7 = 7 b. 7 < 8 c. 6 > 4 d. 10 = 10
3+5=8 3+4=7 3+3=6
e. 8 > 4 f. 2 = 2 g. 0 = 0 h. 8 > 7
4+4=8 4+3=7 4+2=6
i. 4 = 4 j. 1 < 5 k. 6 < 8 l. 2 > 0

© Taina Maria Miller 62 www.k5learning.com

 Adding Many Numbers, p. 38

1. a. 9, 9 b. 9, 9 c. 10, 10 6. a. 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
b. 1 + 1 + 4 = 6
2. a. 10 b. 8 c. 8 d. 9 e. 7 c. 2 + 1 + 2 + 3 = 8
f. 10 g. 10 h. 9 i. 10 j. 9 d. 3 + 3 + 3 + 1 = 10
3. a. She has 7 flowers. 2 + 3 + 2 = 7 7. a. 8, 8, 10 b. 9, 7, 10 c. 10, 5, 10
b. She used 9 chairs. 3 + 3 + 3 = 9
c. Four were missing. 10 − 6 = 4 or 6 + 4 = 10.
4. a. true, false b. false, true
5.

Addition Practice 2, p. 41
1. 4. a. 9, 9 b. 7, 7 c. 8, 8 d. 5, 5
a. 4 + 4 = 8 b. 4 + 3 = 7 c. 2 + 4 = 6 5. a. b. c.
6+2=8 5+2=7 1+6=7
Add 1 Add 2 Add 3
2. a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10 e. 12 f. 2
5 +1= 6 2 +2= 4 2 +3= 5
3.
6 +1= 7 3 +2= 5 3 +3= 6
a. 4 + 2 = 6
7 +1= 8 4 +2= 6 4 +3= 7

8 +1= 9 5 +2= 7 5 +3= 8

b. 6 + 1 = 7
9 + 1 = 10 6 +2= 8 6 +3= 9

c. 7 + 3 = 10 6.

+ 1 2 3 + 1 2 3

1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7
d. 3 + 6 = 9
2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8

3 4 5 6 6 7 8 9

© Taina Maria Miller 63 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 9, p. 43
1.
| |
0+9=9 9+0=9
| |
1+8=9 8+1=9
| |
2+7=9 7+2=9
| |
3+6=9 6+3=9
| |
4+5=9 5+4=9

2. 1 +8=9 5 +4=9 2+ 7 =9 3+ 6 =9 7+ 2 =9
7 +2=9 3 +6=9 9+ 0 =9 6+ 3 =9 8 +1 =9
2 +7=9 6 +3=9 0+ 9 =9 4+ 5 =9 4 +5 =9
4. a. 9 b. 3 c. 1 d. 5 e. 7 f. 6
5. a. b. c.
1+6=7 1+7=8 1+8=9
2+5=7 2+6=8 2+7=9
3+4=7 3+5=8 3+6=9
4+3=7 4+4=8 4+5=9

6. a. 2 b. 1 c. 4 d. 7 e. 7 f. 3 g. 4 h. 3 i. 1 j. 4
+ 5 + 6 + 4 + 1 + 2 + 5 + 2 + 4 + 5 + 5
7 7 8 8 9 8 6 7 6 9
7. a. We know the total is 5. 2 + 3 = 5. She needs 3 more eggs.
b. The total is 8. 4 + 4 = 8. So, 4 crayons are missing.
c. The problem asks for the total. 5 + 5 = 10. Jenny and Penny have 10 goldfish. With Betty’s fish, there are
10 + 3 = 13 goldfish altogether.
d. You cannot buy the doll with two dollars. 8 + 2 = 10. You have $10 together. You can buy the doll together.
e. The problem asks for the total. 2 + 6 = 8. There are 8 red chairs in the house.
f. Two dollars more. 5 + 2 = 7
g. Two dollars more. 8 + 2 = 10
h. Nine dollars. 5 + 4 = 9
8.
a. 5 + 2 4 b. 4 + 4 7 c. 2 1 + 1 d. 7 3 + 6
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
7>4 8>7 2= 2 7< 9

9. a. 1 + 4 > 3 b. 2 + 2 < 5 c. 2 > 0+ 0 d. 7 < 5 + 3

e. 4 + 4 < 9 f. 3 + 5 > 6 g. 7 < 6 + 2 h. 8 > 3 + 4

Puzzle Corner. There are many solutions. The ones below are just examples.
1 + 8 =9 1 + 8 =9
+ + + +
9 + 0 =9 8 + 0 = 8
= = = =
10 8 9 8

© Taina Maria Miller 64 www.k5learning.com

 Sums with 10, p. 47

1. 6. a. 6 < 7 b. 10 > 8 c. 6 < 8 d. 10 = 10

e. 8 > 6 f. 5 = 5 g. 9 > 8 h. 5 < 10
| |
0 + 10 = 10 10 + 0 = 10 7.

| | a. 1 + 9 > 9 b. 4 + 4 < 9 c. 6 < 5 + 2 d. 9 = 5 + 4

1 + 9 = 10 9 + 1 = 10 e. 5 + 5 = 10 f. 3 + 5 > 7 g. 10 > 6 + 3 h. 7 < 7 + 1
| | 8.
2 + 8 = 10 8 + 2 = 10
a. b. c.
| | 0 + 10 = 10 6 + 4 = 10 7 + 3 = 10
3 + 7 = 10 7 + 3 = 10 5 + 5 = 10 2 + 8 = 10 2 + 8 = 10
9 + 1 = 10 4 + 6 = 10 1 + 9 = 10
| |
4 + 6 = 10 6 + 4 = 10 9.
|
5 + 5 = 10

3.
4 + 6 = 10 6 + 4 = 10 1 + 9 = 10
7 + 3 = 10 5 + 5 = 10 7 + 3 = 10
2 + 8 = 10 1 + 9 = 10 2 + 8 = 10
6 + 4 = 10 3 + 7 = 10 10. a. The problem asks for the total. 3 + 7 = 10 birds now.
9 + 1 = 10 4 + 6 = 10 b. We already know the total is 7. 3 + 4 = 7
5 + 5 = 10 8 + 2 = 10 There are four books that she has not read.
c. We already know the total is 10. 4 + 6 = 10
Six of the dolls are not in her room.
4. a. b. c. d. The problem asks for the total. 3 + 3 = 6;
They have 6 cars.
2 + 8= 10 2+7=9 2+6=8 e. We already know the total is 10. 6 + 4 = 10
4 are missing.
f. The problem asks for the total. 2 + 5 = 7 birds.
3 + 7 = 10 3+6=9 3 + 5= 8
g. We already know the total is 10. 5 + 5 = 10
Jessica has 5 books.
4 + 6 = 10 4+5=9 4+4=8 h. We already know the total is 10. 2 + 8 = 10.
There are 8 dolls on the top shelf.
5 + 5 = 10 5+4=9 5+3=8

5.

© Taina Maria Miller 65 www.k5learning.com

 Comparisons, p. 51
1.
a. 4 + 1 = 5 b. 7 < 4 + 4 c. 6 > 2 + 3
d. 2 + 5 = 7 e. 5 = 5 + 0 f. 10 = 5 + 5
g. 2 + 2 > 3 h. 9 = 9 i. 2 < 2 + 2

2.
a. 5 < 6 b. 4 < 5 c. 7 > 6 d. 2 = 2
e. 7 < 9 f. 5 > 3 g. 7 = 7 h. 3 > 2

3.
a. 2 + 4 = 6 b. 1 + 4 < 6 c. 4 + 1 or 2 < 7
d. 2 + 5 or 6 > 6 e. 1 + 5 = 6 f. 1 + 9 > 9
g. 10 = 2 + 8 h. 3 + 2 < 7 i. 4 + 5 or 6 > 8

4.

a. 4 + 3 > 5 b. 7 + 1 < 9 c. 4 < 4+2

d. 2 + 5 < 8 e. 3 + 4 > 6 f. 6 = 3+3
g. 8 + 2 = 10 h. 9 + 2 > 9 i. 2 < 2+1

5. a. 7 + 3 = 2 + 8 b. 1 + 1 < 1 + 4 c. 4 < 1 + 4
d. 5 + 4 = 4 + 5 e. 2 + 5 > 2 + 2 f. 3 < 3 + 1
g. 2 + 4 > 2 + 1 h. 10 + 0 = 0 + 10 i. 0 = 0 + 0

6.
a. true d. false
b. false e. true
c. false f. false

7. Answers will vary. For example:

a. 10 = 9 + 1 = 10

b. 10 = 6 + 4 = 10

c. 10 = 5 + 5 = 10

8. + 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

© Taina Maria Miller 66 www.k5learning.com

 Review of Addition Facts, p. 54

1. Answers will vary. 9. Answers will vary.

5 = 1 + 4 6 = 0 + 6 9=9 + 0 10 = 0 + 10
5 = 2 + 3 6 = 1 + 5 9=1 + 8 10 = 1 + 9
5 = 0 + 5 6 = 2 + 4 9=7 + 2 10 = 2 + 8
5 = 3 + 2 6 = 3 + 3 9=3 + 6 10 = 3 + 7
9=4 + 5 10 = 4 + 6
9=2 + 7 10 = 5 + 5
2. 3.

4 + 2 = 6 6 + 0 = 6 10. 11.
2 + 3 = 5 0 + 5 = 5
1 + 4 = 5 3 + 3 = 6 8 + 2 = 10 3 + 6=9
6 + 0 = 6 4 + 2 = 6 5 + 4= 9 7 + 3 = 10
5 + 1 = 6 1 + 4 = 5 2 + 7= 9 3 + 6=9
5 + 5 = 10 7 + 2=9
4. 6 + 4 = 10 4 + 6 = 10

2+2 < 5 4+4 > 5 6 = 2+4

12.
2+3 = 5 5+5 > 5 6 < 2+5
2+4 > 5 5+0 = 5 6 < 2+6 2 + 6 < 9 6 + 6 > 10 10 < 10 + 4
4 + 6 > 9 5 + 5 = 10 10 = 10 + 0
5. Answers will vary. 3 + 6 = 9 4 + 4 < 10 10 < 10 + 7

7 = 0 + 7 8 = 0 + 8
13.
7 = 1 + 6 8 = 1 + 7
7 = 2 + 5 8 = 2 + 6 a. b. c.
7 = 3 + 4 8 = 3 + 5
7 = 4 + 3 8 = 4 + 4 8+1=9 4+1+1=6 5+2+0+0=7
7 = 5 + 2 8 = 5 + 3 6+2=8 8 + 2 + 0 = 10 4 + 3 + 1 + 2 = 10
1+7=8 1 + 3 + 6 = 10 1+2+2+1=6
3+4=7 2+2+4=8 2+3+1+3=9
6. 7.
14.
5 + 2 = 7 4 + 4 = 8 + 2 4 3 6 7 5 8
3 + 4 = 7 3 + 4 = 7
2 + 6 = 8 3 + 5 = 8 1 3 5 4 7 8 6 9
5 + 3 = 8 7 + 1 = 8 3 5 7 6 9 10 8 11
6 + 1 = 7 5 + 2 = 7
4 6 8 7 10 11 9 12
2 4 6 5 8 9 7 10
8.
Puzzle corner:
3+3 < 7 6+1 = 7 8 < 6+4
a. = 3 and =5
4+3 = 7 6+6 > 7 8 = 4+4
5+3 > 7 6+4 > 7 8 < 5+4 b. = 5 and =2

c. = 3 and =2

© Taina Maria Miller 67 www.k5learning.com

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