Practice Test Chapter 12
Practice Test
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
1 The person credited with first recognizing (in the 1860s) that living cells
cannot arise spontaneously, but arise only from previously existing cells,
is __________. ( Concept 12.0)
SHOW HINT
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Louis Pasteur
James Watson
Rudolf Virchow
Robert Hooke
2 The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that
__________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation
has occurred)
have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell but not
the same genetic content
have the same number of chromatids as the parent cell had
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chromosomes
have a random assortment of maternal and paternal
chromosomes
have none of the listed characteristics
3 Which of the following is FALSE regarding sister chromatids?
( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
Sister chromatids are created when DNA is replicated.
Sister chromatids are separated during mitosis.
Sister chromatids are attached to one another at the centromere.
Sister chromatids form in the S-phase stage of the cell cycle.
Both of the sister chromatids end up in the same daughter cell
after cytokinesis has occurred.
4 The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic
chromosome is properly called __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
a centromere
chromatin
a centrosome
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a chromoplast
a chromatid
5 The region of a chromosome in which the two double strands of
replicated DNA are held together is called __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
a centromere
a centriole
chromatin
an aster
a chromatid
6 The centromere is a region in which __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
the new cell plate forms in telophase
chromosomes become aligned during metaphase
microtubules are fastened to the centrioles during anaphase
sister chromatids are attached to one another in prophase
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the chromosomes are connected to the cell plate in metaphase
7 How many maternal chromosomes are present in a somatic human cell
not engaged in cell division? ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
23
46
92
184
None of the listed responses is correct.
8 A cell entering the cell cycle with 32 chromosomes will produce two
daughter cells, each with __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
16 chromosomes
64 chromosomes
32 pairs of chromosomes
64 pairs of chromosomes
none of the listed numbers of chromosomes
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9 "Cytokinesis" refers to __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
the division of the entire cell
the division of the cytoplasm
the division of the nucleus
the movement of a cell from one place to another
the reduction in the number of chromosomes
10 Chromatids are __________. ( Concept 12.1)
SHOW HINT
identical copies of each other if they are part of the same
duplicated chromosome
held together by the centrioles
the bacterial equivalent of eukaryotic chromosomes
composed of RNA
found only in aberrant chromosomes
11 If a cell contains 60 chromatids at the start of mitosis, how many
chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell at the completion of
the cell cycle? ( Concept 12.2)
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SHOW HINT
15
30
45
60
120
12 A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells growing in the
laboratory and found that the quantity of DNA in the cells doubled
__________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
between the G1 and G2 phases
during the M phase of the cell cycle
between prophase and anaphase
between anaphase and telophase
between the G2 phase and prophase
13 A cell biologist carefully measured the quantity of DNA in grasshopper
cells growing in cell culture. Cells examined during the G2 phase of the
cell cycle contained 200 units of DNA. What would be the amount of DNA
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at G1 of the cell cycle in one of the grasshopper daughter cells?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
50 units
100 units
between 50 and 100 units
200 units
400 units
14 During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is
__________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
dispersed in the cytoplasm as long strands of chromatin
attached to microtubule spindle fibers
dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
transported through the nuclear pores
condensed and the chromosomes are often visible under the light
microscope
15 DNA replication occurs in __________. ( Concept 12.2)
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SHOW HINT
prophase of mitosis
cytokinesis
the G1 phase of interphase
metaphase of mitosis
the S phase of interphase
16 If a human somatic cell is just about to divide, it has __________
chromatids. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
23
46
92
There is insufficient information to answer the question.
17 Down syndrome is characterized by cells having three copies of
chromosome 21. As a cell in an individual with Down syndrome prepares
to enter mitosis, how many chromatids would be present?
( Concept 12.2)
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SHOW HINT
23
46
92
94
98
18 Which of the following does NOT occur during mitosis? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
the movement of chromosomes to opposite poles
separation of chromatids
condensation of chromatin
alignment of chromosomes along the cell's equator
replication of chromosomes
19 During what phase in the cell cycle would you find the most DNA per
cell? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
G2
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S1
G0
G1
20 In telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and the
chromatin uncoils. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in
__________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
interphase
metaphase
prophase
anaphase
S phase
21 Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the OPPOSITE of
prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
metaphase
S phase
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interphase
anaphase
telophase
22 Assume that you are dealing with a species in which the number of
chromosomes in each somatic cell is 14. How many sister chromatids are
present in the early telophase of mitosis? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
14
28
None of the listed responses is correct.
23 In a human skin cell that is going through the cell cycle, when do the
centrosomes separate? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
S phase
anaphase
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G2 phase
metaphase
prophase
24 Following cytokinesis in an animal cell, how many centrioles does each
new daughter cell possess? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
zero
one
two
four
eight
25 The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes move toward
separate poles of the cell is __________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
prometaphase
metaphase
telophase
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anaphase
prophase
26 One event occurring during prophase is __________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
the alignment of chromosomes in a single plane
the synthesis of a new nuclear envelope
the division of the centromere
the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
cytokinesis
27 Which event or events occur during anaphase? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
Cohesins joining sister chromatids at the centromeres are
cleaved during anaphase.
Genetically identical chromosomes (previously sister chromatids)
move to opposite poles during anaphase.
The centrioles are at opposite poles during anaphase.
A spindle made of microtubules is present during anaphase.
All of the listed responses are correct.
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28 Which of the following represents a mismatch or incorrect description?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
metaphase: chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane
metaphase: the nuclear envelope disappears
anaphase: there is movement of the chromosomes to the poles
telophase: chromosomes become more extended
prophase: chromosomes become more tightly coiled
29 During which stage of the cell cycle do sister chromatids separate?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
G2 phase
G1 phase
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
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30 In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of
the cell cycle? ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
the G1 phase
metaphase
cytokinesis
anaphase
prophase
31 At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up in one plane in
preparation for their separation to opposite poles of the cell?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
interphase
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
32 You would know that a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an
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animal cell if you saw that __________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
the nucleolus was visible during metaphase
it had two pairs of centrioles during prophase
it had formed a cleavage furrow
it had formed a cell plate
it had microtubules
33 Which of the following processes does NOT occur in dividing bacteria?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
replication of DNA
inward growth of the plasma membrane
mitosis
binary fission
separation of the origins of replication
34 During binary fission in a bacterium, __________. ( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
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the two DNA molecules float free in the cell and are guided to
daughter cells by a spindle-like apparatus
the two DNA molecules divide in half, forming four DNA fragments
the two DNA molecules attach to the centrioles
the origins of replication move apart
the two DNA molecules break up into plasmids
35 Which of the following is involved in the binary fission of most bacteria?
( Concept 12.2)
SHOW HINT
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
formation of a spindle apparatus
distribution of a copy of the single parental chromosome to each
daughter cell
formation of a cell plate
disintegration of the nuclear membrane
36 When a cell in S phase is fused with a cell in G1, __________.
( Concept 12.3)
SHOW HINT
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the chromosomes of the original G1 nucleus condense in
preparation for mitosis
the two nuclei fuse and additional division is arrested
the original G1 cell will divide immediately
DNA synthesis begins immediately in the original G1 nucleus
the replication of DNA occurring in the original S nucleus is
terminated
37 Tissue culture experiments with PDGF demonstrate that without this
substance __________. ( Concept 12.3)
SHOW HINT
the various kinases, such as MPF, are unable to bind to cyclin
bacterial cells lose their resistance to antibiotics
fibroblasts fail to divide
animal cells are unable to attach to the substratum
cells divide in an uncontrolled fashion, confirming PDGF's role as
a cell division inhibitor
38 You would be UNLIKELY to see which of the following human cells
dividing? ( Concept 12.3)
SHOW HINT
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cancer cell
nerve cell
skin cell
cell from an embryo
All of these cell types are equally unlikely to divide at any given
time.
39 Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by observing cancer
cells in a culture? ( Concept 12.3)
SHOW HINT
The cancer cells spend the majority of their time in the G0 phase.
The cancer cells do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition.
The cancer cells produce molecules that inhibit the growth factors
required for cell division.
The cancer cells exhibit anchorage dependence.
All of the listed responses are correct.
40 What is the di!erence between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?
( Concept 12.3)
SHOW HINT
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Benign tumors arise by transformation; malignant tumors do not.
Benign tumors do not arise by transformation; malignant tumors
do.
Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant
tumors do.
Cells of benign tumors metastasize; those of malignant tumors do
not.
Benign tumors will not kill you; malignant tumors will.
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