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Digital Image Processing

Assignment- Week 9
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ/MSQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 1 = 10
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QUESTION 1:

In which of the following filter, the intensity at a particular point in the image, is a product of two
terms, one is the illumination term, other one is the reflectance term ?
a) Laplacian filter

b) High Boost filter

c) Gaussian filter

d) Homomorphic filter

Correct Answer: d.
Detailed Solution:

In homomorphic filter, the intensity at a particular point in the image, is a product of two terms,
one is the illumination term, another one is the reflectance term is assumed.

Hence option d is correct.

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QUESTION 2:

Which of the following filter does not produce ringing effect?

I. Gaussian Low Pass Filter
II. Ideal low pass filter
III. Low Pass Butterworth Filter of higher order
IV. Low Pass Butterworth Filter of low order

a) I, II

b) I, III

c) I, IV

d) I, II, III

Correct Answer: c.

Detailed Solution:

Since there is no abrupt change in frequency response of Gaussian low pass filter and low order
Butterworth filter, hence no ringing effect.

Hence option c is correct.

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QUESTION 3:

1
The following equation corresponds to a filter, H(u, v) = D 2n
1+ � o �
D(u,v)

Where, n is a positive integer, Do is cut-off frequency, which of the following is true?

a) There is a ringing effect for higher value of n

b) There is no ringing effect for higher value of n

c) Ringing effect in independent of n

d) None of these

Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

Given filter characteristics represents Butterworth low pass filter. Higher order Butterworth
characteristics approaches to ideal low pass filter and there is abrupt change in frequency response,
hence ringing effect is observed.

Hence option a is correct.

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QUESTION 4:
In case of inverse filtering, if the cut off frequency is significantly high then which of the following
is true?
a) Restored image becomes blurry

b) Restored image close to original image

c) Noise in restored image dominates

d) None of these
Correct Answer: c.
Detailed Solution: The reconstructed image in inverse filtering is given as
N (u, v)
Fˆ (u , v) = F (u, v) + , where F (u , v) is original image, N (u , v) is noise and H (u , v) is the
H (u, v)
degradation function.
It is assumed the image is low frequency signal and noise is high frequency signal, now if cut off
N (u , v)
frequency is significantly high then becomes higher and Noise in restored image
H (u , v)
dominates

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QUESTION 5:
A function is linear position invariant if it satisfies _________
a) Superposition theorem
b) Position invariance
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above mentioned

Correct Answer: c.
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Detailed Solution:

A function is linear position invariant if it satisfies superposition principle and position invariance.

Hence option c is correct

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QUESTION 6:

Which of the following function satisfy linearity property?

a. 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡2 + 5
b. 𝑥𝑥 = 2𝑡𝑡 3 + 3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑(𝑧𝑧)
c. 𝑥𝑥(𝑧𝑧) =
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
d. All of above

Correct Answer: c

Detailed Explanation: Differentiator function satisfy both additivity and homogeneity

property.

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QUESTION 7:

Which of the following function satisfy linear position invariance property?

a. 𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛) = 𝑛𝑛 𝑥𝑥(𝑛𝑛)
b. 𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛) = 𝑥𝑥 2 (𝑛𝑛)
c. 𝑦𝑦(𝑛𝑛) = 0.5(𝑥𝑥(𝑛𝑛) + 𝑥𝑥(𝑛𝑛 − 1))
d. All of above

Correct Answer: c

Detailed Explanation: Averaging function satisfy both additivity and homogeneity property.
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QUESTION 8:

In which of the following method estimation of degradation function is required?

a) Image restoration

b) Image enhancement

c) Both a and b

d) None of the above

Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

In case of image enhancement or simple noise filtering, we do not make use of any of the
degradation model or we do not bother about what is the process which is degrading the image.
Whereas in case of image restoration, we talk about the degradation model, we try to estimate the
model that has degraded the image and using that model we apply the inverse process and try to
restore the image.

Hence option a is correct.

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QUESTION 9:

Which of the following corresponds to Gaussian low pass filter?

− D 2 ( u ,v ) / 2 Do2
a) H (u , v) = e

− D 2 ( u ,v ) / 2 Do2
b) H (u , v) = 1 − e

1 if D(u,v) ≤ D0
c) H (u , v) = 
0 if D(u,v) > D0

d) None of these

Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

− D 2 ( u ,v ) / 2 Do2
Gaussian low pass filter is given as H (u , v) = e .

Hence option a is correct.

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QUESTION 10:

Which of the following statements is (are) true?

Statement 1: f(x, y) cannot be reconstructed by using f(x, y) = H −1 (g(x, y) − η(x, y))
in degradation model because it requires a solution to a large number of simultaneous
linear equations.

Statement 2: Actual degradation function is seldom known completely during image

restoration.
Statement 3: Mathematical modeling for degradation cannot take into account
environmental conditions that cause degradation.

a) Statement Statement 2: Statement 3:

1: True True True
b) Statement Statement 2: Statement 3:
1: True True False
c) Statement Statement 2: Statement 3:
1: False True False
d) Statement Statement 2: Statement 3:
1: False False True

Correct Answer: b.

Detailed Solution:
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For solving exactly f(x, y) = H −1 (g(x, y) − η(x, y)) and the number of variables would very large
(of the size of the image) and difficult to reconstruct using this relation. Consequently, in image
restoration, we never know the exact degradation function.

Appropriate mathematical modeling for degradation can take into account environmental
conditions that cause degradation.

Hence option b is correct.

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