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Module 7 - Multiple Integral

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27 views

Module 7 - Multiple Integral

Uploaded by

Sheena Rose Surilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 7 Mutltiple Integral

What are multiple integral?

An integral in which the integrand is integrated twice is a Double Integral.


Example :

𝑏 𝑥2 (𝑦)

∬ 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
𝑎 𝑥1(𝑦)

𝑎 and 𝑏 must be independent of 𝑦.

If integrated thrice, the integral is called Triple Integral

Example :

∭ 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧

An integral in which the integrand is integrated to n times is n-fold iterated


integral.

Example :

∫ ∫ … ∫ 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 … )𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑧 …

Function of more than one variable maybe integrated with respect to one variable at
a time while the other variables are held constant, reversing the process of partial
differentiation.

In evaluating multiple integrals remember the following:


1. Integrate from inner to outer.
2. When integrating with respect to a variable, hold the other variables
constant.
3. The outer limits of integration must be independent of the all the
variables.
Example 7.1
Evaluate the double integral rsin 𝑢 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑢 , the limits of r are 0 and cos 𝑢 and
the limit of u are 0 and pi.

Solution:
𝜋 cos 𝑢 𝜋 𝑟 2 cos 𝑢
∫0 ∫0 𝑟 sin 𝑢 . 𝑑𝑟. 𝑑𝑢 = ∫0 sin 𝑢 . | 0 . 𝑑𝑢
2

Integrating first with respect to r, indicated by the inner differential dr,


between the limits 0 to cos u, treating 𝑢 as constant, we have,
𝜋 𝑟 2 cos 𝑢
= ∫0 sin 𝑢 . | 0 . 𝑑𝑢
2
𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
= ∫ sin 𝑢 [( − 0)] 𝑑𝑢
0 2

Second integration with respect to 𝑢, indicated by


the outer differential 𝑑𝑢,
Let: 𝑢 = cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − sin 𝑢𝑑𝑢
𝜋
1
= ∫ − cos2 𝑢 (−sin 𝑢𝑑𝑢 )
0 2
Using Power Formula
1 cos 3 𝑢 𝜋
=− |
2 3 0
1
= − [cos3 𝜋 − cos 3 0]
6
1
= − (−1 − 1)
6

2 1
= =
6 3
2 4 1
Example 7.2 Find the integral of ∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 .
0 0 0
Solution:

2 4 1 2 4
1 2 1
∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 = ∫ ∫ 𝑥𝑦 | 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧
0 0 0 0 0 2 0
1 2 4
= ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧
2 0 0
1 21 2 4
= ∫ 𝑥 | 𝑑𝑧
2 0 2 0
1 2
= ∫ 42 𝑑𝑧
4 0
2
= 4[𝑧]|
0
= 4(2) = 8

1 4
Example 7.3 Determine the double integral of ∫ ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥.
0 0
Solution:
1 4 1 1
4
∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑦| 𝑑𝑥 = 4 ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥.
3 3
0 0 0 0 0

1
= 4 ( ) (1)4
4
=1

2 2𝑥
Example 7.4 Determine the double integral of ∫ ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥.
1 0
Solution:
2 2𝑥
1 2 3 2 2𝑥
3
∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑦 ] 𝑑𝑥
1 0 2 1 0
2
= 2 ∫ 𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥
1

1 2
= 2 [ 𝑥 6 ]|
6 1
1
= (26 − 16 )
3
=21

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