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PCB Week10 s3 Thry

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37 views

PCB Week10 s3 Thry

Uploaded by

Mr. Originator
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PCB Design & Fabrication-20EC41P 2021-22

LECTURE

Week 10
THEORY

10.3.1 IPC (Institute for Printed Circuits) Classes

10.3.2 IPC Standards

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PCB Design & Fabrication-20EC41P 2021-22

10.3.1 IPC(Institute for Printed Circuits)Classes

IPC separates PCBs in electronics manufacturing into three different classes. These classes
signal the quality of the PCB, with Class 1 being the lowest quality and Class 3 being the
highest quality. Companies that produce electronics with PCBs should be aware of these
different classes since they dictate the safety and performance specifications companies must
meet in inspections and the quality standards that apply to the products.

Learn more about how IPC defines the three classes of electronic products below:

 Class 1 – general electronic products: Class 1 products are for applications in which the
primary requirement is the function of the completed IPC assembly. This class includes
most typical everyday products and consumer electronics.
 Class 2 – dedicated service electronic products: Class 2 products must have high
reliability and extended life. Uninterrupted service is preferable but not critical. The use
environment of the product typically wouldn’t cause failures. Some examples of these
products include microwaves and laptops.
 Class 3 – high-performance electronic products: Class 3 products must provide continued
performance or performance on demand. There can be no equipment downtime, and the
end-use environment may be exceptionally harsh. The equipment must function when
required. This category includes critical systems such as life support systems. Class 3
PCBs are used in advanced medical equipment, clean technology and machine learning.

10.3.2 IPC Standards

There are IPC standards for almost every phase of the PCB production process. To give you
an idea of what these standards entail, check out the following examples:

• IPC-2581: IPC-2581 is a generic standard used when sending information between a PCB
designer and a manufacturer or assembly company. It provides a standardized format for
exchanging design data that helps ensure consistent production results.

• IPC-2221: IPC-2221 is the standard guideline for the process of designing PCBs. Within the
2220 series, there is also an IPC standard for flex PCBs, as well as standards for rigid and

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PCB Design & Fabrication-20EC41P 2021-22

MCM-L PCBs. IPC-2221 addresses topics like design layout, parts lists, materials,
mechanical and physical properties, electrical properties, thermal management and more.

• IPC-4101C: IPC-4101C covers requirements for base materials, typically called laminate or
prepreg, mostly for use with rigid printed boards or multilayer boards. It deals with the
materials used, their dimensions and their properties.

•IPC-6012B: IPC-6012B establishes qualification and performance requirements for the


fabrication of rigid PCBs. It offers requirements for the various types of product classes in
areas such as structural integrity, solderability and conductor spacing.

•IPC-A-600F: IPC-A-600F sets the acceptance criteria for PCBs. It describes which
observable conditions of a board are acceptable and non-conforming — as well as the target
conditions — for all parts of the PCB, from gold fingers to copper plating. It is the visual
representation of the requirements put forward in other specifications.

• J-STD-001: IPC J-STD-001 describes the materials, methods and other criteria for creating
high-quality soldered interconnections. It focuses on process control and lays out
requirements for a range of electronic product types.

• IPC-A-610: IPC-A-610, Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies, provides criteria for the


acceptance of end products. It is the most widely used standard the IPC publishes.

• IPC-A-620:IPC-A-620 provides criteria for acceptability of cable, wire and harness


assemblies and can serve as a stand-alone document for purchasing products.

• IPC-TM-650: IPC-TM-650 provides guidelines for assessing various aspects of PCBs. For
example, test method IPC-TM-650 2.6.14.1 describes methods for testing a board’s
propensity for surface electrochemical migration. The test measures resistance to the flow of
current across a PCB substrate surface. IPC-TM-650-2.3.25.1 describes a method for ionic
cleanliness testing of bare printed wire boards, which is important because ionic
contamination can cause issues that make a PCB defective.

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