PROPOSED TITLE

1. Sustainable Construction Materials: Innovative use of coconut peat as admixture in concrete.

2. Exploring the Potential of Coconut shell Ash as partial replacement for cement and a Sustainable
Pozzolanic Material in Concrete.

REASONS/JUSTIFICATIONS IN CHOOSING THIS TOPIC

1. Using coconut ash as a material can lower the production cost.

2. Coconut shell and husk is widely available agricultural waste material, utilizing it in the construction
industry can be beneficial.

3. Researching this material can create new ideas that can lead to development of new materials with
better properties.

EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE IN

1. Advancement in Sustainable Construction Materials: The research will provide valuable data on the
properties of coco peat when used in hollow blocks, contributing to a deeper understanding of
alternative, eco-friendly construction materials.

2. Economic and Environmental Impact Analysis: The research will quantify the cost savings from using
coco peat in hollow blocks, contributing to knowledge on economic sustainability in construction.

Referrences

Navaratnarajah Sathiparan, A. A. (2022). Sustainable use of coco pith in cement-sand mortar for masonry
block production: Mechanical characteristics, durability and environmental benefit.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652622018480

Cherry Mae H. Banogbanoga, R. M. (2024). Eco-Friendly Production of Decorative Concrete Blocks Using
Coal Fly Ash and Coconut Husk Fiber Admixtures: Mixture D-Optimal Design Optimization.
ENGINEERING JOURNAL Volume 28 Issue 7, 1-7.

https://engj.org/index.php/ej/article/view/4558

BIBLIOGRAPHY Gisela Azevedo Menezes Brasileiro, J. A. (2013). Use of coir pith particles in composites
with Portland cement. Journal of Environmental Management.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479713006488

BIBLIOGRAPHY V Shenbaga kumar, K. U. (2019). AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEHAVIOUR OF

CONCRETE WITH. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 2452-
2457.

https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i3/IRJET-V6I3476.pdf

team, c. (n.d.). Retrieved from coir: https://coir.com/utility/how-coir-is-used-in-eco-building/

https://coir.com/utility/how-coir-is-used-in-eco-building/

BIBLIOGRAPHY Taku, K. (2012). Coconut Shell Ash As Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement
In Concrete Production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH
VOLUME 1, 86-87.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292983360_Coconut_Shell_Ash_As_Partial_Replacement_of
_Ordinary_Portland_Cement_In_Concrete_Production
PROPOSED TITLE

1. The Role of Nano-Silica in Improving Durability and Strength in Mortar Fill Applications.
2. Performance and Durability of Mortar Fillings with nano silica as a Cement Substitute.
3. Nanomaterial Modified Mortar Fillings: Utilizing nano silica as a Partial Cement Replacement

REASONS/JUSTIFICATIONS IN CHOOSING THIS TOPIC

1. By studying the role of nano-silica in mortar fillings, the research can contribute to the
development of stronger and more durable construction materials, which are critical in ensuring
the longevity and reliability of infrastructure.
2. For Sustainability and reducing environmental impact since the production of cement is a major
contributor in carbon dioxide emission. Using nano silica as partial replacement for cement
reduces the overall cement content required.
3. This research can lead to the discovery of new techniques and formulations that improve the
performance of mortar, contributing to advancements in construction technology.

EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE IN

1. Advancement in material science since this research will expand the scientific knowledge base
on nanomaterials, particularly their role in enhancing the durability and strength of construction
materials.
2. Innovations in Construction Technology because it will provide a foundation for developing new
construction technologies that incorporate nanomaterials, driving innovation in the industry.

REFERRENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY Eethar Thanon Dawood, M. S. (2021). Production of Sustainable concrete brick units
using. Case Studies in Construction Materials.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509521000139

BIBLIOGRAPHY G. Yamini, D. S. (2016). AN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON STRENGTH PROPERETIES OF

CONCRETE BY THE INFLUENCE OF FLYASH AND NANOSILICA AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF
CEMENT. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 306-315.

https://www.academia.edu/download/47370085/IJCIET_07_03_030-2.pdf

BIBLIOGRAPHY Vishutosh Bajpai, P. K. (2018). EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF

CEMENT WITH NANO SILICA IN CONCRETE . International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET), 1000-1002.

https://www.academia.edu/download/55859398/IRJET-V5I1212.pdf

BIBLIOGRAPHY Chen, C. Z. (2019). The effect of nano-SiO2 on concrete properties: a review. 562-569.

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0050/pdf

BIBLIOGRAPHY Hasan Biricik, N. S. (2013). Comparative study of the characteristics of nano silica - , silica
fume - and fly ash - incorporated cement mortars. 571-580.

https://www.scielo.br/j/mr/a/txRwBXJNCn59YDgLTMWW5JC/?format=html&lang=en#
PROPOSED TITLE

1. Enhancing the Durability and Strength of Concrete Hollow Blocks Using Nano-Silica Additives
2. Advanced Concrete Hollow Blocks: The Role of Nano-Silica as a Strengthening Additive

REASONS/JUSTIFICATIONS IN CHOOSING THIS TOPIC

1. to improved durability and strength lead to longer-lasting construction materials, reducing the
need for frequent repairs and replacements.
2. If successful, incorporating nano-silica could offer a cost-effective solution to enhance the
performance of hollow blocks without significantly increasing production costs, benefiting both
manufacturers and end-users.
3. To improve overall structural integrity, making buildings more resistant to environmental stresses
and natural disasters, which is crucial in disaster-prone areas.

EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE IN

1. Innovation in civil engineering by demonstrating the practical benefits of integrating

nanotechnology into everyday construction materials, inspiring further exploration in related
areas.
2. Sustainability in Construction by demonstrating how nano-silica can improve the longevity of
concrete hollow blocks.

REFERRENCES

Eethar Thanon Dawood, M. S. (2021). Production of Sustainable concrete brick units using. Case Studies
in Construction Materials.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509521000139

BIBLIOGRAPHY Fadi Althoey, O. Z.-G. (2023). Impact of Nano-silica on the hydration, strength, durability,
and microstructural properties of concrete: A state-of-the-art review. Case Studies in
Construction Materials.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509523001766

BIBLIOGRAPHY Juliana N. Tyoden, A. L. (2023). An Evaluation of the Compressive Strength of

Nanosilicate Hollow Crete Blocks . the 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied
Sciences.

https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/56/1/40

BIBLIOGRAPHY Vikram Singh Kashyap, G. S. (2023). Smart sustainable concrete: enhancing the strength
and durability with nano silica. Smart Construction and Sustainable Cities.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44268-023-00023-1

BIBLIOGRAPHY Vishutosh Bajpai, P. K. (2018). EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF

CEMENT WITH NANO SILICA IN CONCRETE . International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET), 1000-1002.

https://www.academia.edu/download/55859398/IRJET-V5I1212.pdf
PULVERIZED CONCRETE USE IN HOLLOW BLOCKS

 Innovative Use of Pulverized Recycled Concrete in the Production of Sustainable Hollow Blocks
 Evaluating the Structural Integrity of Hollow Blocks Made with Pulverized Recycled Concrete
 Sustainable Construction: The Potential of Pulverized Recycled Concrete in Hollow Block
Manufacturing.
 Enhancing Hollow Block Durability with Pulverized Recycled Concrete Aggregates

PULVERIZED CONCRETE FOR MORTAR FILL

 The Role of Pulverized Recycled Concrete as aggregates in Improving Durability and Strength in
Mortar Fill Applications.
 Performance and Durability of Mortar Fillings with Pulverized Recycled Concrete as a sand
Substitute.
 Utilizing Pulverized Recycled Concrete as a Partial sand Replacement

CRUSH CONCRETE AS GRAVEL REPLACEMENT

 Assessing Crushed Recycled Concrete as a Substitute for Gravel in Construction Aggregate

 Sustainability and Performance of Concrete with Crushed Concrete as a Gravel Replacement
 Feasibility of Using Crushed Concrete as an Alternative to Gravel in Construction and Civil
Engineering Projects
 Optimizing Aggregate Properties: Evaluating Crushed Concrete as a Replacement for Gravel in
Concrete Mixes.

CRUSH TILES AS FINE AGGREGATES

 Utilizing Crushed Tiles as Fine Aggregates in Concrete Mixes: Performance and Sustainability
 Evaluating the Feasibility of Crushed Tiles as a Replacement for Traditional Fine Aggregates in
Concrete
 Impact of Crushed Tile Fine Aggregates on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Concrete
 Sustainable Construction: The Use of Crushed Tiles as Fine Aggregates in Concrete Production
 Optimizing Concrete Mix Design with Crushed Tile Fine Aggregates: A Comparative Study
 Exploring Crushed Tile as an Alternative Fine Aggregate in Concrete Mixes
 Performance Evaluation of Concrete Incorporating Crushed Tile as Fine Aggregate
 Sustainability and Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Crushed Tile as Fine Aggregate
 The Feasibility of Using Crushed Tile as a Fine Aggregate in Sustainable Construction
 Optimizing Concrete Properties with Crushed Tile as a Fine Aggregate Replacement

CRUSH TILES AS FINE AGGREAGTES IN MORTAR FILLINGS

 The Role of Crush Waste Tile as aggregates in Improving Durability and Strength in Mortar Fill
Applications.
 Utilizing Crushed Waste Tiles as Sustainable Fine Aggregates in Mortar Filling: A Feasibility Study
 Enhancing Mortar Properties with Crushed Waste Tiles: An Innovative Approach to Sustainable
Construction
 Evaluating the Performance of Mortar Filled with Crushed Waste Tiles as Fine Aggregates
 Recycling Waste Tiles in Mortar Filling: A Study on Mechanical Properties and Durability
 The Impact of Crushed Waste Tiles on the Compressive Strength of Mortar
 Sustainable Construction Practices: Replacing Natural Aggregates with Crushed Waste Tiles in
Mortar
 Innovative Use of Crushed Waste Tiles in Mortar Filling for Improved Environmental and
Structural Performance
 Exploring the Use of Crushed Ceramic Waste Tiles as Fine Aggregates in Mortar: A Comparative
Analysis