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Region Based Segmentation

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TAHIR ZAMAN
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Region Based Segmentation

Uploaded by

TAHIR ZAMAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SRI-PRATAP COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY


TAHER ZAMAN
182103
Topic

Region based segmentation like watershed segmentation


CONTENTS
1 What is segmentation

2 Region based segmentation

3 Watershed segmentation
Segmentation
Image segmentation is a method of dividing a digital image into subgroups called image segments,

reducing the complexity of the image and enabling further processing or analysis of each image segment.

(The segments can be defined as pixels sharing similar characteristics such as intensity, texture etc)

Technically, segmentation is the assignment of labels to pixels to identify objects, people, or other important

elements in the image.

A common use of image segmentation is in object detection. Instead of processing the entire image,

a common practice is to first use an image segmentation algorithm to find objects of interest in the image.

Then, the object detector can operate on a bounding box already defined by the segmentation algorithm.

This prevents the detector from processing the entire image, improving accuracy and reducing inference time.
Segmentation
.Image segmentation is a key building block of computer vision technologies and algorithms.
It is used for many practical applications including medical image analysis, computer vision for autonomous
vehicles, face recognition and detection, video surveillance, and satellite image analysis
There are many methods of segmentation. They can be classified as:

• Histogram based segmentation

• Region based segmentation

• Edge segmentation

• Differential equation based method

• Model based segmentation


Image Segmentation

.
Region based segmentation:
Region-based segmentation involves dividing an image into regions with similar
characteristics.
A region can be classified as a group of connected pixels exhibiting similar properties.
Pixel similarity can be in terms of intensity and color, etc. In this type of segmentation,
some predefined rules are present that pixels have to obey in order to be classified into
similar pixel regions.
Region-based segmentation methods are preferred over edge-based segmentation met
hods if it’s a noisy image.
Region based segmentation:
we start with a pixel as the seed pixel, and then check the adjacent pixels. If
the adjacent pixels abide by the predefined rules, then that pixel is added to
the region of the seed pixel and the following process continues till there is
no similarity left.
If a region is growing, the preferred rule can be set as a threshold. For exam
ple, consider a seed pixel of two in the given image and a threshold value of
three. If a pixel has a value greater than three, then it will be considered
inside the seed pixel region. Otherwise, it will be considered in another
region. As a result, two regions are formed in the following image based on
a threshold value of three.
Region-based segmentation involves dividing an image into regions with similar
characteristics. Each region is a group of pixels, which the algorithm locates via a seed
point. Once the algorithm finds the seed points, it can grow regions by adding more

pixels or shrinking and merging them with other points .


Watershed Segmentation
Watershed segmentation is another image segmentation technique used to partition an image into regions or
segments based on the topography of the image intensity or gradient. It is often applied to grayscale or gradient
images, where the intensity values represent height information, similar to a topographic map.

The watershed segmentation algorithm is inspired by the concept of a watershed in hydrology, where the
boundary lines between regions are analogous to the ridge lines that separate catchment basins in a landscape.
The basic idea is to treat the intensity values as elevation levels and simulate the filling of basins with water from
different markers or seeds. As the water rises, it merges regions together at watershed lines.
Watersheds are transformations in a grayscale image. Watershed segmentation algorithms treat

images like topographic maps, with pixel brightness determining elevation (height).

This technique detects lines forming ridges and basins, marking the areas between the watershed lines. It
divides images into multiple regions based on pixel height, grouping pixels with the same gray value.

The watershed technique has several important use cases, including medical image processing.

For example, it can help identify differences between lighter and darker regions in an MRI scan,

potentially assisting with diagnosis.


Watershed segmentation

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