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abdelhakim aberji
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4 views

Matrices

Uploaded by

abdelhakim aberji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑢𝑟 ≡ 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒

(𝑖; 𝑗) ≡ (𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑒; 𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒)


𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑢𝑟
𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑢𝑟
⏞𝑎 𝑏 ⏞𝑎 ⏞
( ) ( ) (𝑎 𝑏)(1;2)
𝑏 𝑑 (2;2) 𝑏 (2;1)

𝑒 𝑓 𝑎+𝑒 𝑏+𝑓
[𝐴] + [𝐵] = (𝑎 𝑏
) +( ) =( )
𝑐 𝑑 (2;2) 𝑔 ℎ (2;2) 𝑐+𝑔 𝑑 + ℎ (2;2)

𝑒 𝑓 𝑎−𝑒 𝑏−𝑓
[𝐴] − [𝐵] = (𝑎 𝑏
) −( ) =( )
𝑐 𝑑 (2;2) 𝑔 ℎ (2;2) 𝑐−𝑔 𝑑 − ℎ (2;2)

𝑒 𝑓 𝑎𝑒 + 𝑏𝑔 𝑎𝑓 + 𝑏ℎ
[𝐴] × [𝐵] = (𝑎 𝑏
) ×( ) =( )
𝑐 𝑑 (2;2) 𝑔 ℎ (2;2) 𝑐𝑒 + 𝑑𝑔 𝑐𝑓 + 𝑑ℎ (2;2)

𝑒 𝑎𝑒 + 𝑏𝑓
[𝐴] × [𝐶] = (𝑎 𝑏
) × (𝑓 ) =( )
𝑐 𝑑 (2;2) (2;1) 𝑐𝑒 + 𝑑𝑓 (2;1)

[𝐴] × [𝐵] × [𝐶] = [𝐷] × [𝐶] 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑐 [𝐷] = [𝐴] × [𝐵]


𝑎 𝑏 𝛼𝑎 𝛼𝑏
𝛼[𝐴] = 𝛼 ( )=( )
𝑐 𝑑 𝛼𝑐 𝛼𝑑
𝑎 𝑏 𝑇 𝑎 𝑐
Matrice transposée : [𝐴]𝑇 = ( ) =( )
𝑐 𝑑 𝑏 𝑑
𝑎 𝑏
Déterminant de la matrice : 𝑑𝑒𝑡[𝐴] = 𝑑𝑒𝑡 ( ) = 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏
𝑐 𝑑
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 −𝑐
Comatrice :𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑡[𝐴] = 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑡 ( )=( )
𝑐 𝑑 −𝑏 𝑑
𝑎 −𝑏
Comatrice transposée :𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑡[𝐴]𝑇 = ( )
−𝑐 𝑑
𝑎 −𝑏
−1 1 1
[𝐴]−1 = (𝑎 𝑏
) = 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑡[𝐴]𝑇 = (
𝑎 −𝑏
) = (𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏)
𝑐 𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑡[𝐴] 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏 −𝑐 𝑑 −𝑐 𝑑
𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑐𝑏
𝑎 𝑏
Matrice symétrique : ( )
𝑏 𝑑
𝑎 𝑏
Matrice antisymétrique : ( )
−𝑏 𝑑
1 0
Matrice identité : ( )
0 1
0 0
Matrice zéro : ( )
0 0
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝑎+𝐴 𝑏+𝐵 𝑐+𝐶
[𝐴] + [𝐵] = (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓) + (𝐷 𝐸 𝐹 ) = ( 𝑑 +𝐷 𝑒+𝐸 𝑓 + 𝐹)
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 (3;3) 𝐺 𝐻 𝐼 (3;3) 𝑔+𝐺 ℎ+𝐻 𝑖 + 𝐼 (3.3)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝑎−𝐴 𝑏−𝐵 𝑐−𝐶


[𝐴] − [𝐵] = (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓) − (𝐷 𝐸 𝐹) = (𝑑 − 𝐷 𝑒−𝐸 𝑓 − 𝐹)
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 (3;3) 𝐺 𝐻 𝐼 (3;3) 𝑔−𝐺 ℎ−𝐻 𝑖 − 𝐼 (3.3)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝑎𝐴 + 𝑏𝐷 + 𝑐𝐺 𝑎𝐵 + 𝑏𝐸 + 𝑐𝐻 𝑎𝐶 + 𝑏𝐹 + 𝑐𝐼
[𝐴] × [𝐵] = (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓) × (𝐷 𝐸 𝐹) = ( + 𝑒𝐷 + 𝑓𝐺
𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝐵 + 𝑒𝐸 + 𝑓𝐻 𝑑𝐶 + 𝑒𝐹 + 𝑓𝐼 )
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 (3;3) 𝐺 𝐻 𝐼 (3;3) 𝑔𝐴 + ℎ𝐷 + 𝑖𝐺 𝑔𝐵 + ℎ𝐸 + 𝑖𝐻 𝑔𝐶 + ℎ𝐹 + 𝑖𝐼 (3.3)
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑢𝑟 𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑢𝑟 𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑢𝑟
⏞𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 ⏞𝐴 ⏞𝑎𝐴 + 𝑏𝐵 + 𝑐𝐶
[𝐴] × [𝐶] = (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓) × (𝐵 ) = (𝑑𝐴 + 𝑒𝐵 + 𝑓𝐶 )
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 (3;3) 𝐶 (3;1) 𝑔𝐴 + ℎ𝐵 + 𝑖𝐶 (3.1)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑇 𝑎 𝑑 𝑔
𝑇 𝑑 𝑒 𝑓 ) = (𝑏
Matrice transposée :[𝐴] = ( 𝑒 ℎ)
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖 𝑐 𝑓 𝑖
Déterminant de la matrice :
+ − +
⏞
𝑎 ⏞
𝑏 ⏞
𝑐 𝑑 𝑓 𝑑 𝑒
𝑒 𝑓
𝑑𝑒𝑡[𝐴] = 𝑑𝑒𝑡 (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓 ) = +𝑎 × 𝑑𝑒𝑡 (ℎ ) − 𝑏 × 𝑑𝑒𝑡 ( ) + 𝑐 × 𝑑𝑒𝑡 ( )
𝑖 𝑔 𝑖 𝑔 ℎ
𝑔 ℎ 𝑖

𝑑𝑒𝑡[𝐴] = 𝑎(𝑒𝑖 − ℎ𝑓) − 𝑏(𝑑𝑖 − 𝑔𝑓) + 𝑐(𝑑ℎ − 𝑔𝑒)

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