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Biomes

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53 views

Biomes

My work

Uploaded by

www.shamiff.w32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Biomes:

Biomes are large ecological areas on Earth’s surface, with specific climate
conditions, vegetation, and animal life. Their distribution is largely
determined by climate (temperature and precipitation) and geography
(latitude, altitude). Below are the main biomes and their distributions:

1.Forests:

Forest biomes are dominated by trees and other wood vegetation. There are
different types of forests depending on climate and latitude: tropical,
temperate, and boreal ( tagia)

i. Tropical Rainforest

Definition: Dense forests with tall trees and a rich biodiversity, found in areas
with consistent, high rainfall and warm temperatures year-round.

Distribution:

Located near the equator, ( 0 to 10) between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic
of Capricorn.

Found in South America (Amazon), Central Africa (Congo Basin), Southeast


Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia), and Central America.

Climate: Warm and humid, with rainfall throughout the year.

ii. . Temperate Forest

Definition: Forests with deciduous trees (which shed leaves in winter) and a
mix of evergreen species, experiencing four distinct seasons.

Distribution:

Found in mid-latitude regions (25°–50° latitude) in both hemispheres.

Prominent in Eastern North America, Europe, East Asia (China, Japan), and
parts of South America.

Climate: Moderate temperatures with warm summers and cold winters, along
with consistent rainfall throughout the year.

iii. . Boreal Forest (Taiga)

Definition: Forests of coniferous trees (pines, spruces, firs) found in cold


climates, just below the Arctic regions.

Distribution:
Located in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (50°–70° latitude).

Found in Canada, Alaska, Russia (Siberia), and Scandinavia

Climate: Cold with long, harsh winters and short, mild summers. Snow is
common, and the growing season is brief.

2. Grasslands. Definition: Grasslands are vast areas dominated by grasses


rather than trees. They can be temperate or Tropical.

I. Tropical Grasslands (Savannas)

Definition: Open landscapes dominated by grasses, with scattered trees,


typically found in warm regions with seasonal rainfall.

Distribution:

Found near the equator, in regions like East Africa (Serengeti), South America
(Venezuela, Brazil), and northern Australia.

Climate: Warm temperatures year-round with distinct wet and dry seasons.

II. Temperate Grasslands

Definition: Open areas dominated by grasses, with few trees, found in


regions with less rainfall than forests but more than deserts.

Distribution:

Found in the interiors of continents, around 30°–50° latitude.

Examples include the Great Plains (North America), the Pampas (South
America), and the Steppes (Central Eurasia).

Climate: Moderate rainfall, with warm summers and cold winters. Seasonal
droughts and fires are common.

3. Deserts

Definition: Regions with extremely low precipitation, resulting in sparse


vegetation and extreme temperatures.

Distribution:

Found in the subtropical zones, primarily near 15°–30° latitude in both


hemispheres.

Major deserts include the Sahara (Africa), the Arabian Desert (Middle East),
the Mojave Desert (North America), and the Gobi Desert (Asia).
Climate: Very dry, with hot days and cold nights. Rainfall is infrequent and
erratic.

4. Tundra

Definition: Tundra is treeless biome with cold temperatures, permafrost


(frozen ground), and short growing seasons.

Distribution:

Found in the Arctic regions, near the poles (60°–75° latitude).

Common in northern Canada, Alaska, Russia (Siberia), and parts of


Greenland.

Climate: Very cold year-round, with long, harsh winters and short, cool
summers. Precipitation is low, mainly in the form of snow.

5. Mountain Biomes (Alpine)

Definition: Biomes found in high-altitude regions, where the climate is colder


than in surrounding lowlands, leading to unique vegetation and wildlife.

Distribution:

Found in mountain ranges worldwide, including the Rockies (North America),


the Andes (South America), the Himalayas (Asia), and the Alps (Europe).

Climate: Temperature decreases with altitude, with colder temperatures and


thinner air. Snow is common at higher elevations.

6. Polar Ice

Definition: Areas covered in ice year-round, with minimal vegetation and


extremely cold temperatures.

Distribution:

Found at the Earth's poles (90° latitude).

Covers Antarctica (South Pole) and Greenland (North Pole region).

Climate: Extremely cold, with permanent ice and snow, very little
precipitation, and long periods of darkness. in winter.

These biomes are distributed based on latitude and altitude, which influence
temperature, precipitation, and vegetation. For example, tropical biomes are
near the equator with warmer climates, while polar biomes are located near
the poles with colder climates. The diversity within each biome is shaped by
the availability of resources such as water and sunlight.

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