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History of Information Security

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69 views13 pages

History of Information Security

Uploaded by

marbenvillaflor4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this material, you should be able to:

§ Understand the definition of information security


§ Comprehend the history of computer security and how it
evolved into information security
§ Understand the key terms and critical concepts of
information security as presented in the chapter
§ Outline the phases of the security systems development
life cycle
§ Understand the roles of professionals involved in
information security within an organization

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 2


Introduction

§ Information security: a “well-informed sense of


assurance that the information risks and controls are in
balance.” —Jim Anderson, Inovant (2002)

§ Necessary to review the origins of this field and its


impact on our understanding of information security
today

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 3


The History of Information Security

§ Began immediately after the first mainframes were


developed

§ Created to aid code-breaking computations during World


War II

§ Physical controls to limit access to sensitive military


locations to authorized personnel: badges, keys, and
facial recognition

§ Rudimentary in defending against physical theft,


espionage, and sabotage

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 4


Figure 1-1 – The Enigma

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 5


The History of Information Security

§ One of 1st documented problems


§ Early 1960s
§ Not physical
§ Accidental file switch
§ Entire password file
§ printed on every output file

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 6


The 1960s

§ Additional mainframes online

§ Advanced Research Procurement Agency (ARPA)


began to examine feasibility of redundant networked
communications

§ Larry Roberts developed ARPANET from its inception

§ ARPANET is the first Internet

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 7


Figure 1-2 - ARPANET

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 8


The 1970s and 80s

§ ARPANET grew in popularity as did its potential for misuse

§ Fundamental problems with ARPANET security were


identified

§ No safety procedures for dial-up connections to ARPANET

§ Non-existent user identification and authorization to system

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 9


R-609

§ Information security began with Rand Report R-609 (paper


that started the study of computer security)
§ Scope of computer security grew from physical security to
include:
§ Safety of data
§ Limiting unauthorized access to data
§ Involvement of personnel from multiple levels of an
organization
§ First identified role of management and policy

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 10


The History of Information Security
§ Multics
§ Operating System
§ Security primary goal
§ Didn’t go very far
§ Several developers created Unix
§ Late 1970s: microprocessor expanded computing
capabilities and security threats
§ From mainframe to PC
§ Decentralized computing
§ Need for sharing resources increased
§ Major changed computing

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 11


The 1990s

§ Networks of computers became more common; so too


did the need to interconnect networks

§ Internet became first manifestation of a global network of


networks

§ In early Internet deployments, security was treated as a


low priority

§ Many of the problems that plague e-mail on the Internet are the
result to this early lack of security

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 12


The Present

§ The Internet brings millions of computer networks into


communication with each other—many of them
unsecured

§ Ability to secure a computer’s data influenced by the


security of every computer to which it is connected

Principles of Information Security, 2nd Edition 13

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