Introduction To Trigonometry

Trigonometric Ratios
Opposite & Adjacent Sides in a Right Angled Triangle

In the ΔABC right-angled at B, BC is the side opposite to ∠A, AC is the hypotenuse and AB
is the side adjacent to ∠A.

Trigonometric Ratios

For the right ΔABC , right angled at ∠B, the trigonometric ratios of the ∠A are as follows:
opposite side BC
sinA = =
hypotenuse AC

adjacent side
AB
cosA = =
hypotenuse AC

opposite side
BC
tanA = =
adjacent side AB

hypotenuse AC
cosecA = =
opposite side BC

hypotenuse AC
secA = =
adjacent side AB

adjacent side
AB
cotA = =
opposite side BC
Visualisation of Trigonometric Ratios Using a Unit Circle

Draw a circle of unit radius with the origin as the centre. Consider a line segment OP joining
a point P on the circle to the centre which makes an angle θ with the x-axis. Draw a
perpendicular from P to the x-axis to cut it at Q.

PQ PQ
sinθ = = = PQ
OP 1

OQ OQ
cosθ = = = OQ
OP 1

PQ sinθ
tanθ = =
OQ cosθ

OP 1
cosecθ = =
PQ PQ

OP 1
secθ = =
OQ OQ

OQ cosθ
cotθ = =
PQ sinθ
 Visualisation of Trigonometric Ratios Using a Unit Circle

Relation between Trigonometric Ratios

1
cosecθ =
sinθ
1
secθ =
cosθ

sinθ
tanθ =
cosθ

cosθ 1
cotθ = =
sinθ tanθ

Trigonometric Ratios of Specific Angles

Range of Trigonometric Ratios from 0 to 90 degrees

For 0
∘
≤ θ ≤ 90 ,
∘

0 ≤ sinθ ≤ 1

0 ≤ cosθ ≤ 1

0 ≤ tanθ < ∞
 1 ≤ secθ < ∞

0 ≤ cotθ < ∞

1 ≤ cosecθ < ∞

tanθ and secθ are not defined at 90 ∘

.

cotθ and cosecθ are not defined at 0

∘
.

Variation of trigonometric ratios from 0 to 90 degrees

As θ increases from 0 to 90 ∘ ∘

sinθ increases from 0 to 1.

cosθ decreases from 1 to 0.
tanθ increases from 0 to ∞.
cosecθ decreases from ∞ to 1.
secθ increases from 1 to ∞.
cotθ decreases from ∞ to 0.

Standard values of Trigonometric ratios

30
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
∠A 0 45 60 90

1 1 √3
sin A 0 1
2 √2 2

√3 1 1
cos A 1 0
2 √2 2

1
tan A 0 1 √3 N ot def ined
√3

2
cosec A N ot def ined 2 √2 1
√3

2
sec A 1 √2 2 N ot def ined
√3

1
cot A N ot def ined √3 1 0
√3

Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles

Complementary Trigonometric ratios

If θ is an acute angle, its complementary angle is 90 ∘

− θ. The following relations hold true
for trigonometric ratios of complementary angles.

∘
sin(90 − θ) = cosθ

∘
cos(90 − θ) = sinθ

∘
tan(90 − θ) = cotθ

∘
cot(90 − θ) = tanθ

∘
cosec(90 − θ) = secθ
 ∘
sec(90 − θ) = cosecθ

Trigonometric Identities
Trigonometric Identities
2 2
sin θ + cos θ = 1

2 2
1 + cot θ = coesc θ

2 2
1 + tan θ = sec θ
 CBSE Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 8- Introduction to Trignometry
Objective Questions

Introduction

1. In a right triangle ABC, the right angle is at B. Which of the following is true about the other
two angles A and C?

(A) There is no restriction on the measure of the angles

(B) Both the angles should be obtuse
(C) Both the angles should be acute
(D) One of the angles is acute and the other is obtuse

Answer: (C) Both the angles should be acute

Solution: In triangle ABC, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C =180 °

∠A + ∠C= 180° - 90 ° = 90° ⇒None of the angles can be ≥ 90 °

∴ The other 2 angles must be acute angles.

2. In a right triangle ABC, the right angle is at B. What is the length of missing side in the figure?

(A) 25 cm
(B) 12cm
(C) 7cm
(D) 5cm

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Answer: (D) 5cm

Solution: Pythagoras theorem: In a right angled triangle,

Hypotenuse2 = Sum of squares of other 2 sides

That is,

c2=a2+b2

Here a = 4 cm and b = 3 cm,

So the missing side = c = = 5 cm

3. Which of the following numbers can form sides of a right angled triangle?

(A) 13 cm , 27 cm , 15 cm
(B) 4 cm , 5 cm , 9 cm
(C) 2 cm , 17 cm , 9 cm
(D) 10 cm , 6 cm , 8 cm

Answer: (D) 10 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm

Solution: The basic condition for any type of triangle is:

(i) The sum of 2 sides of a triangle should be greater than the third side
(ii) The difference of any 2 sides should be less than the third side.

For a triangle to be a right angled triangle, there is an additional condition.

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 Pythagoras theorem: In a right angled triangle,
Hypotenuse2= Sum of squares of other 2 sides

That is, c2=a2+b2; Also note that the hypotenuse is the largest side in a right triangle.

Considering each of the given options,

102=62+82
172≠22+92
92≠52+42
272≠132+152

So, A is the correct option.

4. Which of the following are Pythagorean triplets?

(A) 4 cm , 6 cm , 8 cm
(B) 24 cm , 10 cm , 26 cm
(C) 13 cm , 27 cm , 30 cm
(D) 2 cm , 17 cm , 9 cm

Answer: (B) 24 cm, 10 cm, 26 cm

Solution: Pythagorean triplets are those set of numbers which satisfy the Pythagoras
theorem.

Considering the options given to us –

82≠42+62

172≠22+92

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 262=242+102

302≠272+132

Therefore, 24, 10 and 26 are Pythagorean triplets.

Trigonometric Identities

5. If secθ + tanθ = x, then tanθ is:

(A) (x2-1) / 2x
(B) (x2+1) / 2x
(C) (x2-1) / x
(D) (x2+1) / x

Answer: (A) (x2-1) / 2x

Solution: We know that, sec2θ - tan2θ = 1

Therefore, (secθ + tanθ) (secθ - tanθ) = 1

Since, (secθ + tanθ) = x

Thus, (secθ - tanθ) = 1/x

Solving both equations

We get tan θ = (x2-1) / 2x

6. If p cotθ = then the value of sinθ is ___. (θ being an acute angle)

(A) q/3p
(B) q/2p
(C) p/q
(D) 0

Answer: (C) p/q

Given, p cotθ =

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 ∴ cot θ = ( )/ 2

Using the identity, cosec2θ = 1 + cot2θ

= q2/ p2

Hence, cosecθ = q/p

∴ sin θ = p/q

7. If sin A = 8/17, find the value of secA cosA + cosecA cosA.

(A) 23/8
(B) 15/8
(C) 8/15
(D) 6/23

Answer: (A) 23/8

Solution: sin A = 8/17

cosec A = 17/8

= 15/17

sec A = 17/15

secA cosA + cosecA cosA = (17/15) * (15/17) + (17/15) * (15/17)

= 1 + (15/8)

= 23/8

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8. (sin A−2 sin3A)/ (2 cos3A−cos A)=

(A) tan A
(B) cot A
(C) sec A
(D) 1

Answer: (A) tan A

Solutions: (sin A−2 sin3A)/ (2 cos3A−cos A) = (sin A (1−2 sin2A))/ (cos A(2 cos2A−1))

= (sin A (sin2A+cos2A−2 sin2A)) / (cos A (2 cos2A− (sin2A+cos2A))

= (sin A (cos2A−sin2A)) / (cos A (cos2A−sin2A))

=tan A

Trigonometric Ratios

9. (cos A / cot A) + sin A= ____________

(A) cot A
(B) 2 sin A
(C) 2 cos A
(D) sec A

Answer: (B) 2 sin A

Solution: (cos A / cot A) + sin A

= Cos A / (cos A/sin A) + sin A

= sin A + sin A

= 2 sin A

10. If 5tanθ=4, then value of (5sinθ -4cosθ)/(5sinθ +4cosθ) is:

(A) 1/6
(B) 5/6
(C) 0
(D) 5/3

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 Answer: (C) 0

Solution: Divide both numerator and denominator by cos θ and solve

(5 sin θ- 4 cos θ)/ (5 sin θ + 4 cos θ)

(Since, given that 5 tan θ = 4 )

11. In △PQR, PQ = 12 cm and PR = 13 cm. ∠Q=90° Find tan P - cot R

(A) –(119/60)
(B) 119/60
(C) 0
(D) 1

Answer: (C) 0

Solution:

Given that in △ PQR, PQ = 12 cm and PR = 13 cm.

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 Now, from Pythagoras theorem,
PQ2+QR2=PR2
⇒QR2=PR2−PQ2
⇒QR2=132−122
⇒QR2=169−144=25

⇒QR= = 5 cm

Now, tan P= opposite side/ adjacent side = QR/PQ= 5/12

cot R= adjacent side/ opposite side = QR/PQ = 5/12

∴tan P−cot R= (5/12)-(5/12) = 0

12. If tanθ= (x sinϕ) / (1−xcosϕ) and, tan ϕ = (y sin θ)/ (1−y cos θ) then x/y =

(A) sinθ / (1−cosϕ)

(B) sinθ / (1−cosθ)
(C) sinθ/sinϕ
(D) sinϕ / sinθ

Answer: (C) sinθ/sinϕ

Solution: We have, tanθ = (x sinϕ)/ (1−xcosϕ)

⇒ (1−xcos ϕ) / (x sin ϕ) = 1/ tanθ ⇒ (1/ xsin ϕ) −cotϕ=cotθ

⇒ 1/ xsin ϕ= =cot θ+cot ϕ

and tan ϕ = y sinθ / (1−y cosθ) ⇒ (1−y cosθ)/ y sinθ = 1/ tan ϕ

⇒ (1/y sin θ) – cot θ = cotϕ⇒ (1/ y sin θ) =cot ϕ+cot θ

⇒ (1/y sin θ) = (1/ x sin ϕ) ⇒ x/y = sin θ/ sin ϕ

Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles

13. The value of tan1° × tan2° × tan3° ×…...× tan 89° is :

(A) ½
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 0

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Answer: (C) 1

Solution: tanθcotθ=1,

tan (90−θ) =cotθ

and tan45°=1

Given: tan1°.tan2°,tan3° .......tan88°. tan89°

= (tan1°. tan89°),(tan2°. tan88°).....(tan44°.tan46°) (tan45°)

= [(tan1°. tan (90°−1°)]. [(tan 2°. tan(90°−2°)].......... [(tan44°. tan(90°−44°)].1

= (tan1°. cot1°). (tan2°. cot2°) ....... (tan44°. cot44°)

=1

14. If tan2A = cot(A-18°), then value of A is:

(A) 27°
(B) 24°
(C) 36°
(D) 18°

Answer: (C) 36°

Solution: Given, tan 2A = cot (A - 18°)

⇒ tan 2A = tan (90 - (A - 18°)

⇒ tan 2A = tan (108° - A)

⇒ 2A = 108° - A

⇒ 3A = 108°

⇒ A = 36°

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15. If tan 4θ=cot(θ−10°), where 4θ and(θ−10°) are acute angles then the value of θ in
degrees is

(A) 16°
(B) 20°
(C) 32°
(D) 40°

Answer: (B) 20°

Solution: Given, tan 4θ=cot(θ−10°)

This can be written as

cot(90°− 4θ)=cot(θ−10°) -----(i)

(∵ Tan θ = Cot(90°− θ))

Hence, from (i) we have

⇒90°− 4θ= θ−10°

⇒5θ =100°
⇒θ =20°

16. In the given triangle right angled at B, which pair of angles are complementary?

(A) None of these

(B) C and A
(C) A and B
(D) B and C

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 Answer: (B) C and A

Solution: Two angles are said to be complementary, if their sum is 90°. The triangle is
right angled at B. With angle sum property of the triangle, ∠A+∠B+∠C=180°

∠A+∠C=90°, Hence angle A and C are complementary.

Trigonometric Ratios of Specific Angles

17. Which of the following is correct for some θ, such that 0° ≤θ< 90°

(A) 1/ cos θ < 1

(B) sec θ = 0
(C) 1/ sec θ < 1
(D) 1/ sec θ> 1

Answer: (C) 1/ sec θ < 1

Solution: 1/ sec θ = cos θ. And value of cos θ ranges from 0 to 1

18. The value cot2 30°−2cos2 60°−3/4sec2 45°−4sin2 30° is

(A) 2
(B) -1
(C) 1
(D) 0

Answer: (D) 0

Solution: cot2 30°−2cos2 60°−3/4 (sec2 45°) −4sin2 30°

= 3- (1/2) – (3/2) -1 =0

19. If Cosec (A+ B) = sec(A-B)=

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 0°<A+B≤90°,
Find A and B.

(A) 25°,35°
(B) 30°, 30°
(C) 45°, 15°
(D) 10°,50°

Answer: (C) 45°, 15°

Solution: If A+B lies in this range 0°<A+B≤90°

cosec (A+B) = only when A+B=60° ........ (1)

sec (A-B) = only when A−B=30° ........(2)

By Solving equation 1 and equation 2

A=45° and B=15°

20. cos 1° × cos 2° × cos 3° ×……..× cos 180° is equal to:

(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) ½
(D) -1

Answer: (A) 0

Solution: Since cos 90° = 0

The given expression

cos 1° × cos 2° × cos 3° ×....× cos 90° ×……..× cos 180°

reduces to zero as it contains cos 90° which is equal to 0

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 POST CLASS NOTES

Introduction to
Trigonometry
 Topics

25° 𝟑𝟎°
 Trigonometric Ratios
Q
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
sin θ = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

Opposite side (O)

𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
cos θ = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

θ
sin 𝜃 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
tan θ = =
cos 𝜃 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 O Adjacent side (A) P

𝟏 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
i. sin θ i. cosec θ = sin 𝜽 = 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

𝟏 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
ii. cos θ ii. sec θ = cos 𝜽 = 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝟏 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
iii. tan θ iii. cot θ = tan 𝜽 = 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
 Trigonometric Ratios of
Standard Angles
𝜽

𝜽 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°

0 1 2 3 4

0 1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4 4
0 1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4 4

1 1 3
0 1
2 2 2

sin 𝜽 sin 0° sin 30° sin 45° sin 60° sin 90°
 Trigonometric Ratios of
Standard Angles
Angles
Logic 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°
Ratios

1 1 3
sinθ sinθ 0 1
2 2 2
Reverse 3 1 1
cosθ 1 0
sinθ 2 2 2

sinθ 1 Not
tanθ 0 1 3
cosθ 3 defined

1 Not 2
cosecθ 2 2 1
sinθ defined 3

1 2 Not
secθ 1 2 2
cosθ 3 defined

1 Not 1
cotθ 3 1 0
tanθ defined 3
 Trigonometric ratios of
complementary angles
sin(90°- θ) = cosθ cos (90°- θ) = sinθ

tan(90°- θ) =cotθ cot(90°- θ) = tanθ

sec(90°- θ) = cosecθ cosec(90°- θ) = secθ

Q
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝑸
sin θ = 𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸
90° - θ
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑷𝑸
cos (90 ° - θ) =𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸

cos(90°- θ) = sinθ θ

O P

𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑶𝑷 𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝑸
cos θ = = tan θ = 𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑶𝑷
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝑶𝑸

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑶𝑷 𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑷𝑸
sin (90° - θ) = 𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸 cot (90° – θ) = =
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑶𝑷

sin(90°- θ) = cosθ cot(90°- θ) = tanθ

 Proof of Trigonometric
Identities
B
∆ ABC
∆ ABC
a
𝑎
s𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = ……………
𝑐
θ
𝑏
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = …………… A C
𝑐 b

a2 + b2 = c2

c2
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
+ = 2
𝑐2 𝑐2 𝑐
𝑎2 𝑏2
+ =1
𝑐2 𝑐2

sin𝟐 𝜽 + cos𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏
 𝟏 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝛉 = 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝛉

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
Cos2 θ
sin2θ cos2θ 1
+ 2 =
cos2θ cos θ cos2θ

tan2 θ + 1 = sec2 θ

𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝟐 𝛉 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝛉

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
sin2 θ
sin2θ cos2θ 1
+ 2 =
sin2θ sin θ sin2θ

1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

Three Basic Trigonometric Identities

1 2 3
sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 1
sin2 θ = 1 − cos2 θ 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
cos 2 θ = 1 − sin2 θ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃
Mind Map
 Practice Questions - Term I
Date: 13/11/2021
Subject: Mathematics
Topic : Introduction to Trignometry Class: X

1.
In triangle ABC, right angled at B, if ∠A is 45 , find the value of cot A and
∘

tan C.

A. 1, 1

B. √2 , √2

C.
1
, 1

√2 √2

D.
1
, 1

√3 √3

2. The value of cosec 30 ∘ ∘

+ cot 45 is

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

3.
If sin A = , find the value of secA cosA + cosecA cosA.
8

17

6
A. 23

8
B. 15

15
C. 8

23
D. 8

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Introduction to Trignometry

 Practice Questions - Term I

4.
What is the value of tan θ in the given triangle?

3
A. 5

B.
4

5
C. 3

D.
4

5. If triangle ABC is right angled at B and

, then find the value of cos A.
3
sinA =
5

A. 3

B. 5

C. 4

D. 5

6.
Find the value of sin(60° + θ) − cos(30° − θ).

A. 2 cosθ

B. 2 sinθ

C. 0

D. 1

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Introduction to Trignometry

 Practice Questions - Term I

7. Which of the following trigonometric ratios will have the same value as cot
53
∘
?

A. sin 65
∘

B. tan 47
∘

C. tan 37
∘

D. cosec 37
∘

8.
If tan 2A = cot (A-18 ), then find the value of A.
∘

A. 18
∘

B. 36
∘

C. 24
∘

D. 27
∘

9.
In a right angled triangle ABC (right angled at B),

the value of tan A ✕ tan C = _______.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 10

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Introduction to Trignometry

 Practice Questions - Term I

10.
In the given right angle triangle, if Sinθ , then find the value of 3tanα.
3
=
5

A. 4

B. 3

C. 5

D. 1

11. The value of sin 2 ∘

29
2
+ sin 61
∘
is

A. 1

B. 0

C. 2
2 sin 29
∘

D. 2
2 cos 61
∘

12.
If 5tanθ=4, then value of (5sinθ -4cosθ)/(5sinθ +4cosθ) is:

5
A. 3

B. 0

5
C. 6

D.
1

6
Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Introduction to Trignometry
 Practice Questions - Term I

13. cos θ

1−tan θ
+
sin θ

1−cot θ
= ___

A. 1

B. cos θ + sin θ

C. cos θ sin θ

D. cos θ − sin θ

14. The value of (1 − cosA)(1 + cosA)(cosec 2

A) is:

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

15.
9sec θ
2
- 9tan 2
θ is equal to:

A. 1

B. -1

C. 9

D. -9

16.
If (secθ - tanθ) = , the value of (secθ + tanθ) is:
1

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

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 Practice Questions - Term I

17. cos A
+ sin A = ?
cot A

A. cot A

B. 2 sin A

C. 2 cos A

D. sec A

18.
If in a right-angled triangle ABC angles A and B are acute, then evaluate

1+ tanA

tanB
=

A. 1

B. sec A
2

C. secA

D. 2

19. 4
sec θ − sec θ
2
is equal to

A. 2
tan θ − tan θ
4

B. 4
tan θ − tan θ
2

C. 4
tan θ + tan θ
2

D. tanθ + tan θ
4

20. 2

=
1+tan A

2
1+cot A

A. sec A
2

B. -1

C. cot A
2

D.
Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.
tan A
2
Introduction to Trignometry
 Practice Questions - Term I
Date: 13/11/2021
Subject: Mathematics
Topic : Introduction to Trignometry Class: X

1.
In triangle ABC, right angled at B, if ∠A is 45 , find the value of cot A and
∘

tan C.

 A. 1, 1

 B. √2 , √2

 C.
1
, 1

√2 √2

 D.
1
, 1

√3 √3

In right angle triangle ABC,

∠B = 90 and ∠A = 45 .
∘ ∘

Then ∠C = 180 ∘ ∘
− 90 − 45
∘
= 45 (using angle sum property)
∘

cot A = cot 45 = 1 ∘

tan C = tan 45 = 1 ∘

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 Practice Questions - Term I

2. The value of cosec 30 ∘ ∘

+ cot 45 is

 A. 1

 B. 2

 C. 3

 D. 4
∘ ∘
cosec 30 + cot 45

= 2 + 1

= 3

3.
If sin A = , find the value of secA cosA + cosecA cosA.
8

17

 A. 23

 B. 15

15

 C. 8

23

 D. 8

sin A =
8

17

cosec A =
17

cosA = √1 − sin 2
A

= √1 − =√ =
64 225 15

289 289 17

secA =
17

15

secA cosA + cosecA cosA = 17

15
* 15

17
+ 17

15
* 15

17

=1+ =2
15 7

8 8

=
23

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 Practice Questions - Term I

4.
What is the value of tan θ in the given triangle?

 A. 5

B.
4

 3

 C. 3

D.
4

 5

BC = √AC 2
− AB
2
=6

tanθ = Opposite side / Adjacent side

But the adjacent side is not given.

Using Pythagoras theorem,

AC2 = AB2 + BC2

BC = √AC 2
− AB
2
=6

tanθ = = AB/BC = 4/3

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 Practice Questions - Term I

5. If triangle ABC is right angled at B and

, then find the value of cos A.
3
sinA =
5

 A. 3

 B. 5

 C. 4

 D. 5

Given, triangle ABC is right angled at B.

Since,

3 BC
sinA = =
5 AC

Let BC = 3k and AC = 5k.

Applying Pythagoras theorem,

2 2 2
AB + BC = AC

2 2 2 2
AB = (5k) − (3k) = 16k

AB = 4k

AB 4
cosA = =
AC 5

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 Practice Questions - Term I

6.
Find the value of sin(60° + θ) − cos(30° − θ).

 A. 2 cosθ

 B. 2 sinθ

 C. 0

 D. 1

To find the value of :

∘ ∘
sin(60 + θ) − cos(30 − θ)

∘ ∘ ∘
= cos(90 − (60 + θ)) − cos(30 − θ)

∘
(∵ cos(90 − θ) = sinθ)

∘ ∘
= cos(30 − θ) − cos(30 − θ)

= 0

7. Which of the following trigonometric ratios will have the same value as cot
53
∘
?

 A. sin 65
∘

 B. tan 47
∘

 C. tan 37
∘

 D. cosec 37
∘

Using the identity,

∘
cot θ = tan (90 − θ)
∘ ∘ ∘
∴ cot53 = tan(90 − 53 )
∘ ∘
⇒ cot53 = tan37 .

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 Practice Questions - Term I

8.
If tan 2A = cot (A-18 ), then find the value of A.
∘

 A. 18
∘

 B. 36
∘

 C. 24
∘

 D. 27
∘

Given, tan 2A = cot (A - 18 ) ∘

⇒ tan 2A = tan (90 - (A - 18 ) ∘

⇒ tan 2A = tan (108 - A) ∘

⇒ 2A = 108 - A ∘

⇒ 3A = 108 ∘

⇒ A = 36 ∘

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 Practice Questions - Term I

9.
In a right angled triangle ABC (right angled at B),

the value of tan A ✕ tan C = _______.

 A. 1

 B. 2

 C. 5

 D. 10

From the above figure,

BC
tan A =
AB

AB
tan C =
BC

So,
✕(
BC AB
tan A × tan C = ( ) ) = 1
AB BC

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 Practice Questions - Term I

10.
In the given right angle triangle, if Sinθ , then find the value of 3tanα.
3
=
5

 A. 4

 B. 3

 C. 5

 D. 1

In the given figure. Given,

3 AB
sin θ = =
5 AC
2 2 2
AC = AB + BC
2 2 2
5 = 3 + BC

BC = 4

Hence,
BC 4
3tanα = 3 × =
AB 3

3tanα =4

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 Practice Questions - Term I

11. The value of sin 2

29
∘ 2
+ sin 61
∘
is

 A. 1

 B. 0

 C. 2 sin 29
2 ∘

 D. 2 cos 61
2 ∘

2 ∘ 2 ∘
sin 29 + sin 61
2 ∘ 2 ∘ ∘ ∘
= sin 29 + sin (90 − 29 ) (As, sin(90 − A) = cosA)

2 ∘ 2 ∘
= sin 29 + cos 29 [As sin(90 − θ) = cos θ]

2 2
= 1 [As, sin θ + cos θ = 1]

12.
If 5tanθ=4, then value of (5sinθ -4cosθ)/(5sinθ +4cosθ) is:

 A. 3

 B. 0

 C. 6

D.
1

 6

Divide both numerator and denominator by cos θ and solve

(5sinθ−4cosθ)

(5sinθ+4cosθ)

(5sinθ−4cosθ)

= cosθ

(5sinθ+4cosθ)

cosθ

=
5tanθ−4

5tanθ+4

=
4−4

4+4

( since, given that 5 tan θ = 4 )

=0

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 Practice Questions - Term I

13. cos θ

1−tan θ
+
sin θ

1−cot θ
= ___

 A. 1

 B. cos θ + sin θ

 C. cos θ sin θ

 D. cos θ − sin θ

cos θ sin θ
+
1−tan θ 1−cot θ

cos θ sin θ
= +
sin θ cos θ
1− 1−
cos θ sin θ

cos θ sin θ
= +
cos θ−sin θ sin θ−cos θ

cos θ sin θ

2 2
cos θ sin θ
= −
cos θ−sin θ cos θ−sin θ

2 2
cos θ−sin θ
=
cos θ−sin θ

(cos θ+sin θ)(cos θ−sin θ)

= = cos θ + sin θ
cos θ−sin θ

14. The value of (1 − cosA)(1 + cosA)(cosec 2

A) is:

 A. 0

 B. 1

 C. 2

 D. 3
2
(1 − cosA)(1 + cosA)(cosec A)
2 2
= (1 − cos A)(cosec A)
2 2
= sin A × cosec A
2 1
= sin A ×
2
sin A

= 1

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 Practice Questions - Term I

15.
9sec θ
2
- 9tan 2
θ is equal to:

 A. 1

 B. -1

 C. 9

 D. -9

We know that , sec 2

θ - tan 2
θ =1
Therefore, 9sec 2
θ - 9tan 2
θ = 9(sec 2
θ - tan θ) = 9
2

16.
If (secθ - tanθ) = , the value of (secθ + tanθ) is:
1

 A. 1

 B. 2

 C. 3

 D. 4

We know that , sec 2

θ - tan 2
θ =1

Therefore, (secθ + tanθ) (secθ - tanθ) = 1

Since, (secθ - tanθ) =

1

Thus, (secθ + tanθ) = 3

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 Practice Questions - Term I

17. cos A
+ sin A = ?
cot A

 A. cot A

 B. 2 sin A

 C. 2 cos A

 D. sec A

cosA
+ sinA
cotA

cosA cos A
= + sinA (∵ cot A = )
cosA sin A
( )
sinA

= sin A + sin A = 2 sin A

cosA
∴ + sinA = 2 sin A
cotA

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 Practice Questions - Term I

18.
If in a right-angled triangle ABC angles A and B are acute, then evaluate

1+ tanA

tanB
=

 A. 1

 B. 2
sec A

 C. secA

 D. 2

Given, in a right-angled triangle ABC angles A and B are acute.

Hence, A + B = 90 . ∘

tan(90−B)
So, 1 + tanB

= 1+ cotB

tanB

We know 1

tanB
= cotB

= 1 + cot 2
B

=1+ 2
cot (90 − A)

= 1 + tan 2
A

= sec 2
A (sec 2 2
A − tan A = 1 )

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 Practice Questions - Term I

19. 4
sec θ − sec θ
2
is equal to

 A. 2
tan θ − tan θ
4

 B. 4
tan θ − tan θ
2

 C. 4
tan θ + tan θ
2

 D. tanθ + tan θ
4

4 2
sec θ − sec θ
2 2
= sec θ(sec θ − 1)
2 2 2 2
= (1 + tan θ)(tan θ)[∵ sec θ = 1 + tan θ]
4 2
= tan θ + tan θ

20. 2

=
1+tan A

2
1+cot A

 A. sec A
2

 B. -1

 C. cot A
2

 D. tan A
2

2
1+tan A

2
1+cot A

2
1+tan A
= 1
1+
2
tan A

2
1+tan A
= 2
tan A+1

2
tan A

2 2
(1+tan A)(tan A)

= 2
(tan A+1)

= tan 2
A.

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