WORLD COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND DESIGN

PRACTICAL FILE

SESSION:-2022

SUBMITTED BY:- SUBMITTED TO:-

Mrs. TANVI RUSTAGI
NAME: - CHANDAN GIRI
COURSE: - B.TECH 3rd sem. ASSISTANT. PROFESSOR
R
BRANCH: - CSD
(WCTM)
SUBJECT: - R Programming
ROLL NUMBER:- 9038985

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 1

 INDEX

S.NO TITLE

1. Implementation ofAlgebra using with or without variable declaration

2. WAP to solve Algebraic expression with or without variable declaration
3. WAP to implement Relational operators( = , < , > , == , != )
4. WAP to implement Logical Operators ( & , | , ! , && , || )&
introduction of Vectors.
5. Introduction to Assignment(= ,<-, ->, <<-, ->>)and Miscellaneous
operators(
:,%in%,%*%)
6. WAP to implement Class()and Type of() functions.
7. WAP to use Google collab for taking input from users.
8. WAP to implement ATOMIC VECTOR

9. WAP to perform Operations on Vector

10. WAP to perform List implementation

11. WAP to perform Array implementation

12. WAP to implement IF ELSE family

13. WAP to implement if else function and switch case statement

14. WAP to implement loops in R

15. WAP to implement built-in and user defined function

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 Program1

Implementation f Algebra using with or without

variabledeclaration
>#Withoutvariable

Code:-
> 2+8 #Input
[1]10 #Output

#With variable
> A=50 #HereAisaVariablename
>A #ToPrintA
[1]50 #Output
> B=30 #HereBisaVariablename
>B #ToPrintB
[1]20 #Output
> C=A+B #Toaddtwonumbers
>C #ToPrintC
> [1] 80 #Output

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Coding:-
a=25
b=50
print(a+b)# addition
print(a-b)#subtraction
print(a*b)#multiply
print(a/b)#divide
print(a%%b)#modulas

Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 4

 Program2

WAP to solve algebraic expression with or without variable

declaration

Coding:-
1+2/3-2*6.5
Output:-
Expression is solved as per BODMAS rule in order from left to right

Coding:-
1*(2/(1+1))
Output:-
Theorderofoperationscancontrolledbyusingparenthesis.Operationsarepe
rformedfrominnerParenthesisoutward

Algebraic Expression with variable

Coding:-
a=1*2/1+1
Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 5

 Program3

WAP to implement Relational Operators ( = , < , > , ==, != )

Coding:-
Var1=50 #Input
Var2=30 #Input

Var1<Var2 #Condition

Output:-

> Var1>Var2 #Condition2

[1] TRUE
Output:-

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Coding:-
a=23
b=40
print(a<b)
print(a>b)
print(a>=b)
print(a<=b)
print(a==b)
print(a!=b)

Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 7

 Program4

WAP to implement Logical Operators ( & , | , ! , && , || ) and

Introduction of Vectors
&&=AND
||=OR
&=elementwiseAND
|=elementwiseOR
!=elementwiseNOT
0 is consider as negative value and -1 to +1 is consider as positive value
AND (&&) operator =When both conditions are True OR (||) operator =
When any of the condition is True

Coding:-
a=20
b=30
print(a&&b)
print(a||b)
Output:-

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 &=elementwiseAND
|=elementwiseOR
!=elementwiseNOT
Coding:-
vector1 =c(1,2,3,4,5)

vector2=c(11,21,31,41,51)
print(vector1&vector2)
print(vector1|vector2)
print(!vector2)
Output:-

Coding:-
vector1 =c(1,2,3,-
4,0)vector2=c(11,0,31,41,5
1)
print(vector1&vector2)
print(vector1|vector2)
print(!vector2)
Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 9

 Program5

Introduction to Assignment(= ,<-, ->, <<-, ->>)and Miscellaneous

operators( :,%in%,%*%)
=,<-,<<-(LEFTAssignment)
->>,->(RIGHTAssignment)

Coding:-

A=12

B<-23
CC<<-55
12->D
55->>E
print(A)
print(B)
print(C)
print(D)
print(E)
Output:-

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Miscellaneous operators(:,%in%,%*%)
(:)used to discuss series of values
(%in%) used to search given value in series(%*%)used
to multiply series from given value

Coding:-
vector1=1:18
print(vector1)
vector1=1
print(5%in%vector1)
vector1=1:18
print(5%*%vector1)
Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 11

 Program6

WAP to implement Class()and Type of() functions.

class()- What kind of object is it (high level)?
typeof()- What is the object data type (lowlevel)?
Coding:-
Var1=’WXYZ’
class(Var1)
typeof(Var1)

Var2=12.2
class(Var2)
typeof(Var2)

Var3=TRUE
class(Var3)
typeof(Var3)

Var4=25+5i
Class(Var4)
typeof(Var4)

Output:-

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 Program7

WAP to use Google collab for taking input from users.

RunningonGoogleCollab
Coding:-
myname<-readline(prompt="enter your name")
mygender<-readline(prompt="enter your gender")
mycity<-readline(prompt="enter your city")
myage=readline(prompt="enter your age")
myage=as.integer((myage))
print(myname)
print(mygender)
print(mycity)
print(myage)

Output:-
enter your vishal Sharma
enter your gender male
enter your city New Delhi
enter your age 19

[1] "vishal Sharma"

[1] "male"
[1] "New Delhi"
[1] 24

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 Program8
WAP to implement ATOMIC VECTOR(similar data type)
Coding:-
a=1:10
a
b=seq(1,10)
b
c=seq(1,5,by=2)
c
vect1=c(1,2,5,77,88)
vect1
typeof(vect1)
class(vect1)

vect2=c(1,2,5,77,88)
vect2=
as.integer(vect2)typeof(vect2)
class(vect2)

vect3=c("XYZ","ABC")
vect3
typeof(vect3)
class(vect3)
Output:-

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 Program 9
WAP to perform Operations on Vectors

Coding:-
vect1=c(5,7,9)
vect2=c(2,4,6)
print(vect1+vect2)
print(vect1*vect2)
print(vect1/vect2)
print(vect1-vect2)
print(vect1%%vect2)
merge=c(vect1,vect2)
merge
vect5[2:7]
vect5
Output:-

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 Program 10
WAP to perform operations on List datastructure
Coding:-

vec<-c(3,4,5,6)
chvec<-c("RAM","SHYAM","CS","tutorial")
lovec<-c(TRUE,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE)

olist<-list(vec,chvec,lovec) olist

olist[1]
olist[2]
olist[3]

Case II
list1<-list('XYZ',"ABC",2,2.56,76L,TRUE,3+7i)
list1

class(list1)

typeof(list1)

Output:-

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Case II output:-

Manipulate
list_record[1]<-"StudentsNames"

list_record

list_record[1] <- NULLlist_record

list_record[1]

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 Program11

WAP to perform Array implementation

Coding:-
#Arraydeclaration
v1<-c(1,2,3)
v2<-c(11,22,33,44,55,95)

arr<-array(c(v1,v2),dim=c(3,3,2))print(arr)
typeof(arr)
class(arr)

Output:-

#Namingcolumnsandrow

v11<-c(1,2,3)
v22<-c(11,22,33,44,55,95)

col<-c("Col1","Col2","Col3")
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 row<-c("Row1","Row2","Row3")mat<-c("Matrix1","Matrix2")

arr<-array(c(v11,v22),dim=c(3,3,2),dimnames=list(row,col,mat))

print(arr)
typeof(arr)
class(arr)
Output:-

#Manipulationonanarray

result1<-arr[1:3]
result2<-arr[2:3]
merge<-result1+result2merge
#convertvalueofaspecificindexarr[1
]=10
arr

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Output:-

#Calculationacrossarrayelements
vec1<-c(1,2,3)
vec2<-c(1,1,1,1,1,1)

res1<-array(c(vec1,vec2),dim=c(3,3,2))

print(res1)

result<-apply(res1,1,sum)

print(result)

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Output:-

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 Program12

WAP to implement if else family

ifelsestatementisagreattoolfordevelopertryingtoreturnanoutputbasedona
condition
Type:

● if
● ifelse
● ifelseif
● if else if
elsesyntax:if(con
dition){expr1
}else{ex
pr2
}

Coding:-
#if
a=-10
if(a>=10)
{print("aispositive")}else
{print("aisnegative")
}
#ifelseif
b=79if(b>
=199)
{print("noisgreaterthan199")
}elseif(b<79)

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 {print("noisnotgreaterthan199")
}else
{print("default")}
Output:-

Write a program to You are Adult or not

Coding:-
my.age<- readline(prompt="Enter age: ")
my.age
if(my.age>=2004)
{print("You are Not Adult")}else
{
print("You are adult ")
}
Output:-

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 Write a program to check leap year

Coding:-

if((year %% 4) == 0) {
if((year %% 100) == 0) {
if((year %% 400) == 0) {
print(paste(year,"is a leap year"))
} else {
print(paste(year,"is not a leap year"))
}
} else {
print(paste(year,"is a leap year"))
}
} else {
print(paste(year,"is not a leap year"))
}

Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 24

 Program13

WAPtoimplementifelsefunction andswitch case statement

ifelsefunction()
Syntax:ifelse(test,yes,no)

Coding:-
#case1
age<-c(22,31,23,42,34,45,34)
ifelse(age%%2==0,"Yes","No")
#case2
age<-c(226,316,236,426,346,456,346)
ifelse(age+10==236,"Yes","No")
#case3
age<-c(226,316,236,426,346,456,346)
ifelse(age-10==226,"Yes","No")
Output:-

SWITCH CASE STATEMENT:A switch case statement allows a

variable to be tested for equality against a list of value.Each value
is called a case,and variable being switched on is checked for each
case.

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Write a program to implement multiplication using switch
statement

Coding:-

val1 = 6
val2 = 7
val3 = "s"

result = switch(
val3,
"a"= cat("Addition =", val1 + val2),
"d"= cat("Subtraction =", val1 - val2),
"r"= cat("Division = ", val1 / val2),
"s"= cat("Multiplication =", val1 * val2),
"m"= cat("Modulus =", val1 %% val2),
"p"= cat("Power =", val1 ^ val2)
)

Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 26

 Program14

WAP to implement loops in R

case1:ToprintsumofanArray
CODE:
array1<-c(123,245,456,567,768,400,230,545,689,699)
sum=0;
for (i in array1) {

sum = sum +
iprint(i)
}
print(sum)
Output:-

case 2:Nested loop

Coding:-
a <-seq(1:5)

for (i in a)
{print(i)
CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 27
 for (j in a)
{print(j)
}
}

Output:-

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Whileloopimplementation:

Coding:-

a <- 1
while(a<=10){ print(a)
a=a+1

b <- 1
while(b==10)
{
print(b)
b=b+1
}
}
Output:-

CHANDAN GIRI (CSD) 3rd Sem Page 29

 Program 15

WAPtoimplementbuilt-inanduserdefined function

Function:A set of statements which are organized together to perform a specific

taskisknownasafunction.
● Writtentocarryoutaspecifictask
● Mayormaynothaveanarguments
● Containabody
● Mayormaynotreturnoneormoreoutputvalues

Type:
● Built-in:ThatisalreadystoredinRe.gMathematicalfunction.
Userdefined:Wecancreateasperourneed.functionis the keyword to create a function in R
● Syntax:

func_name=Function(arg1,arg2…)
{

Body

}
● The simple printing method in R is to useprint()
● cat()does the same thing but is valid only for atomic types
● An essential difference betweencat()andprint()is the class of the object
theyreturn.Fornow,youcanassumethatclassmeansthetypeofobject.
● Theactualusefulnessofcat()canbeobtainedwhenwehavetwoormorestrings
that we want to concatenate.

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Built-infunctions:
print("HELLO,FRIENDS")
cat("HiWCTM","WELCOMETOMY LAPTOP")

p<-c(11,23,34,45,56,67,78,89)
m=mean(
p)print(m
)
z<-c(11,23,34,45,56,67,78,89)

range(z)
Output:-

User defined function

firstFunction<-function(){
sum<-0
for (i in
seq(1:34))
{sum=sum+i
}
print(sum)
}

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Output:-

with argument with return

Coding:-

myFunction<-
function(x,y){return(x+y)
}
myFunction(45,35)
Output:-

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