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01 JavaIntro

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trung vu tien tuan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Introduction to Java

Object-Oriented Programming
Outline

■ Brief introduction of the language and platform


■ Sample programs
■ Code structure
■ How to compile and run a program

Readings:
■ IPIJ: Ch.1.

Introduction to Java 2
Why Java?

■ Widely used.
■ Widely available.
■ Continuously under development since early 1990s.
■ Embraces full set of modern abstractions.
■ Variety of automatic checks for mistakes in
programs.

It’s not about the language!

Introduction to Java 3
Compiling and interpreting

■ Program source code compiled into bytecode


■ Bytecode is platform-independent
■ Bytecode is executed in an interpreter environment
(virtual machine)

Introduction to Java 4
HelloWorld application
same name with the class

HelloWorld.java:
class name
this is a class start of the class
public class HelloWorld {
main() function
public static void main (String[] args) {

System.out.println("Hello, world"); a statement


it says print to
standard output
}
}
end of the class

Introduction to Java 5
Compile and run public class HelloWorld {
public static void main (String[]
args) {
System.out.println("Hello, world");
}
}

■ Compile HelloWorld.java
javac HelloWorld.java compiler
■ Run

java HelloWorld HelloWorld.class

%> javac HelloWorld.java


%> java HelloWorld
Hello, world

Lưu ý %> là dấu nhắc, không phải lệnh

Introduction to Java 6
Application with more than one class

Two classes in separated files


public class TestGreeting {
TestGreeting.java: public static void main(String[] args) {
Greeting gr = new Greeting();
gr.greet();
}
}

public class Greeting {


Greeting.java:
public void greet() {
System.out.print("Hi there!");
}
}

Introduction to Java 7
Compile and run

■ Compile
javac TestGreeting.java
❑ Greeting.java is automatically compiled

■ Run

java TestGreeting
%> javac TestGreeting.java
%> java TestGreeting
Hi there!

Introduction to Java 8
Applications that use a library

from a file
named Java standard
stdlib.jar library

9
Java Standard library
No need for a .jar file or a special configuration

10
Compile and run
■ Put the .jar file in the same
folder with the code

■ Linux/Mac
%> javac -classpath .:stdlib.jar Heart.java
%> java -classpath .:stdlib.jar Heart

■ Windows
%> javac -classpath .;stdlib.jar Heart.java
%> java -classpath .;stdlib.jar Heart

Introduction to Java 11
Integrated Development Environment

12
Input & Output

command-line
arguments

13
Code structure

Introduction to Java 14
What can we do in a method…

■ Looping… while (x > 12) {


x = x – 1;
}

for (int x = 0; x < 10; x++) {


System.out.print(x);
}

■ Conditional branching…
if (x == 2) {
System.out.println("x must be 2");
} else {
System.out.println("x is not 2");
}

Introduction to Java 15
Example: use of for loop

16
Type conversions
Automatic
■ Convert number to string for "+".
■ Make numeric types match if no loss of
precision.

Explicitly defined for function call.

Cast for values that belong to multiple


types.
■ Ex: small integers can be short, int or
long.
■ Ex: double values can be truncated to
int values.

17
What else can we do?

■ do-while?
■ switch?
■ int, long, float, double, boolean…?
■ other syntatical stuff?

Read your text books!

Introduction to Java 18

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