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Three Techniques of Machine Learning

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Three Techniques of Machine Learning

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A0554
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Three techniques of Machine Learning- Supervised, Unsupervised and Reinforcement Learning.

Supervised Learning
Consider yourself as a student sitting in a classroom wherein your teacher is supervising you,
“how you can solve the problem” or “whether you are doing correctly or not”. Likewise, in
Supervised Learning input is provided as a labelled dataset, a model can learn from it to
provide the result of the problem easily.

Types of Problems

Supervised Learning deals with two types of problem- classification problems and regression
problems.

Classification problems

This algorithm helps to predict a discrete value. It can be thought, the input data as a member of
a particular class or group. For instance, taking up the photos of the fruit dataset, each photo has
been labelled as a mango, an apple, etc. Here, the algorithm has to classify the new images into
any of these categories. Examples:

 Naive Bayes Classifier


 Support Vector Machines
 Logistic Regression

Regression problems

These problems are used for continuous data. For example, predicting the price of a piece of land
in a city, given the area, location, number of rooms, etc. And then the input is sent to the
machine for calculating the price of the land according to previous examples. Examples-

 Linear Regression
 Nonlinear Regression
 Bayesian Linear Regression

Unsupervised Learning
This learning algorithm is completely opposite to Supervised Learning. In short, there is no
complete and clean labelled dataset in unsupervised learning. Unsupervised learning is self-
organized learning. Its main aim is to explore the underlying patterns and predicts the output.
Here we basically provide the machine with data and ask to look for hidden features and cluster
the data in a way that makes sense. Example

 K – Means clustering
 Neural Networks
 Principal Component Analysis
Reinforcement Learning
It is neither based on supervised learning nor unsupervised learning. Moreover, here the
algorithms learn to react to an environment on their own. It is rapidly growing and moreover
producing a variety of learning algorithms. These algorithms are useful in the field of Robotics,
Gaming etc.

For a learning agent, there is always a start state and an end state. However, to reach the end
state, there might be a different path. In Reinforcement Learning Problem an agent tries to
manipulate the environment. The agent travels from one state to another. The agent gets the
reward(appreciation) on success but will not receive any reward or appreciation on failure. In
this way, the agent learns from the environment.

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