Life 2e Elementary – Student’s Book

Answer Key

UNIT 1 People
Opener
1
Dinah is in Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea. She’s a diver.

2
1d 2a 3b 4c

1a Explorers
1
A man and a woman in Africa, and an elephant. Other possibilities: trees, hat, binoculars

2
1 photographer 2 husband 3 Africa

3
1 Joubert
2 Joubert
3 photographer, explorer and filmmaker
4 Africa
5 Africa
6 married
7 husband

5
a am, are, is
b ’m not, aren’t, isn’t
c Are, Is
d am, is, aren’t, isn’t

Answers to the grammar summary exercises on p 159

1
1 ’m 2 isn’t 3 ’s 4 ’m not 5 ’re 6 aren’t
2
1d 2f 3e 4a 5c 6b
3
1 are, ’m 2 ’s, ’s 3 Are, are 4 Is, isn’t 5 Are, ’m not 6 ’s, ’s

6
1 is 2 Are 3 I am 4 isn’t 5 She’s 6 I’m 7 aren’t 8 are 9 isn’t

7
1 ’m 2 Are 3 ’m not 4 ’s 5 aren’t 6 ’re 7 isn’t 8 Is

8
1 Are 2 ’m 3 ’s 4 ’re 5 ’re 6 Is 7 isn’t 8 ’s
9
1 What’s your first name?
2 What’s your surname?
3 Are you a student?
4 What’s your job?
5 Where are you from?
6 How old are you?
7 Are you married?

1b A family in Kenya
1
Students’ own answers

2
1 Kenya (and England)
2 Yes, they are.
3 He’s a conservationist.
4 He’s retired.
5 Yes, his wife is Katy.
6 No, she and Phillip have an international company.

3
1 Mary 2 Colin 3 Richard 4 Meave 5 Katy 6 Samira

4
M: father, half-brother, nephew, stepbrother, uncle
W: aunt, mother, mother-in-law, niece
B: cousin, grandparent, parent

5
1 uncle, aunt 2 niece, nephew 3 cousin 4 half-brother 5 mother-in-law 6 parent 7 grandparent

6
stepsister, half-sister, sister-in-law, father-in-law, stepfather, grandfather

7
Possessive ’s in the article: Louise’s mother, Louise’s father, Richard’s half-brother, Louise’s
grandparents, Louise’s sister
Possessive adjectives in the article: her family, Their uncle and aunt, his wife

Answers to the grammar summary exercises on p 159

4
1 Lisa’s brother is here.
2 This is Hugo’s house.
3 Abby’s grandmother is Mary Peters.
4 Anna’s husband is a journalist.
5 Sara and Pablo’s father is in Brazil.
6 My parents’ house is in the centre.
7 Simon’s cars are blue and green.
5
1 Their 2 his 3 our 4 Its 5 my 6 your
6
1 your 2 my 3 His 4 his 5 Her 6 sister’s
8
1 My 2 I 3 your 4 you 5 She 6 His 7 Our 8 Their

9
1✓ 2✗ 3✓ 4✓ 5✓

10
1 My name’s Fabien.
2 Her sister’s Claire. / Claire is her sister.
3 Their cousins are Juliet and Jane.
4 His grandparents are dead.
5 Is your name Sylvain?
6 Helen is our niece. / Our niece is Helen.

11
1 My 2 her 3 her 4 Their 5 His

1c The face of seven billion people

2
1 7 billion 2 1.3 billion 3 1 billion 4 23% 5 38% 6 51% 7 3.5 billion 8 5.5 billion

3
a

4
Students’ own ideas

5
1 live 2 speak 3 have 4 work 5 use

6
1b 2a 3c 4b

7
Example answers
60% of people in my country live in cities.
People work in business and finance.
People in the capital use the internet.

8
Spain The USA
Population 47 million 300 million
Spanish 100% 12%
a service industry 70% 55%
(hotels, banks, etc.)
Mobile phones Everyone Everyone
The internet 30 million 250 million

1d The first day

3
Matt and Valérie are new students. Rita works for the university
4
1 first 2 Laurens 3 Moreau 4 Valérie 5 New Caledonia

5
Students should tick:
Hello …
Hi …
My name’s …
I’m …
I’m from …
Nice to meet you.
Nice to meet you, too.
This is …
See you later.
It was nice meeting you.
Goodbye.
Bye.

1e Introduce yourself
1
Matt Valérie
First name √ √
Surname √ √
Job/Occupation √
Home country √ √
Language √
Family √

2a
and is for extra information
but is for a difference

2b
3 I’m British, but Hindi is my first language.
4 He’s from Germany, but he works in Russia.
5 My friend is 30 and he’s single.
6 I live in Spain, but I work in France.
7 She’s a student and she’s at Oxford University.
8 My family is in the countryside, but I’m in the city.

1f World party
1
Students’ own ideas.

2
1c 2e 3d 4b 5a

3
1e 2a 3f 4 g 5d 6b 7c 8h

4
1a 2e 3c 4f 5g 6b 7d

5
1a 2c 3a 4b 5a

UNIT 1 Review
1
1 What’s your name?
2 Are you from England?
3 Where are you from?
4 Are you single or married?
5 Are you a teacher?

2
1 ’s 2 ’s 3 ’s 4 aren’t 5 ’s 6 ’s 7 isn’t 8 ’s

3
Students’ own answers

4
1 your 2 His 3 They 4 The photographer’s, my 5 Her, she

5
1b 2c 3a 4e 5d

6
1 have 2 speak 3 live 4 work

7
1 married 2 sister 3 aunt 4 nephew 5 goodbye/bye

9
1 Hi My name’s Rosa. Nice to meet you.
2 Nice to meet you too, Rosa. I’m Arnold and this is my wife, Sonia.
3 Hello Rosa. Where are you from?
4 I’m from Italy, but I live in France. Are you and Arnold from England?
5 Arnold is, but I’m not. I’m from Scotland.

UNIT 2 Possessions
Opener
1
seven people
plastic

2
22 balls
50 shoes and boots
1 sofa
3 TVs
7 people

3
Suggested answers
balls: yellow; black and white
boots: black; grey; white
a chair: black
roller blades: white; black
a sofa: red
shelves: white
shoes: white; blue; pink
a toy car: red and yellow
TVs: black

2a A place called home

1
The apartments are the same size, and the walls and windows are the same. The position of the
furniture is the same. The families are different, the things in the room are different and the sofas are
different colours.

2
aS bS cS dD eD

4
1 2 3 4
Sofa ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Armchair ✓
chair ✓ ✓
television (TV) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
desk ✓
lamp ✓
computer ✓ ✓
pictures ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
blinds ✓
curtains ✓ ✓ ✓
cupboards and drawers ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
rug ✓
plant ✓
carpet ✓

5
1 singular 2 plural 3 any

Answers to the grammar summary exercise on p 161

1
1 There are 2 There isn’t 3 Are there any, there are 4 Is there, there isn’t 5 There aren’t any
6 There’s

6
1 ’s 2 isn’t 3 are 4 aren’t 5 Is, is 6 Are, aren’t 7 are, are 8 Are, aren’t

9
1 on 2 under 3 opposite 4 next to 5 on the right 6 in front of 7 behind

Answers to the grammar summary exercises on p 161

2
1 are 2 isn’t 3 next to 4 any 5 Is there 6 opposite 7 on 8 above
3
1 in front of 2 on the right 3 on 4 on the left 5 between 6 under
10
1 in the middle 2 between 3 on 4 under 5 on 6 next to

2b My possessions
1
1 first-aid kit 2 bottle 3 camera 4 pens 5 boots 6 mobile phone 7 hat 8 knife 9 gloves 10 torch
11 map

2
Example answers
1 Students are likely to have a mobile phone and perhaps pens and bottle in their bag.
2 The rest are likely to be in their house (although students from warm countries who have no interest
in outdoor pursuits may have few of them).

3
A kayaking B diving C climbing

4
1a
2d
3 a hat, a first-aid kit, a camera, gloves

5
1 -s 2 -es 3 -ies 4 -ves 5 men

Answers to the grammar summary exercise on p 161

4
1 people 2 boxes 3 babies 4 sandwiches 5 women 6 scarves 7 train stations

7
This and these are for objects near to you.
That and those are for objects away from you.

Answers to the grammar summary exercise on p 161

5
1 that 2 this 3 these 4 that 5 those 6 this 7 these 8 those

8
1 this 2 that 3 these 4 those

9
1 What’s this? It’s a camera.
2 What’s that? It’s my mobile phone.
3 What are these? They’re my boots.
4 What are those? They’re keys.

10b
1 /ɪ/ 2 /iː/ 3 /iː/ 4 /ɪ/ 5 /ɪ/ 6 /iː/ 7 /ɪ/ 8 /iː/

11
1 d (these /iː/)
2 e (this, is /ɪ/)
3b
4f
5a
6g
7 h (Is /ɪ/)
8 c (These /iː/)

2c Global objects
2
1a 2c 3b

3
1 A (a British car until 2000)
2 B (from many different countries in Europe and North America)
3 A (It’s a global product.)
4 C (It doesn’t say that the car is famous there.)
5 A (The petrol engine is English and the diesel engine is Austrian.)
6 B (It’s an American company [but] they make the car seats in a factory in Britain.)
7 B (The glass is French but the factory is Belgian.)
8 C (It doesn’t say this.)

4
1 Britain 2 German 3 Austrian 4 the Netherlands 5 Canadian 6 Italian 7 Belgium 8 England 9 Spanish
10 France 11 Brazil

6
1 Europe, North America
2 Students’ own ideas.
Possibilities: Ghana, Morocco (Africa); China, Japan (Asia); Germany, Spain (Europe); Syria, Saudi
Arabia (the Middle East); Canada, Mexico (North America); Brazil, Argentina (South America)

2d At the shop
2
1 $ = dollars (USA)
2 € = euros (EU countries)
3 ¥ = the symbol for yen (in Japan) and yuan (in China)

3
1 $3.25 2 €499 3 ¥280.50

4
1 (red) bag, $19.35
2 (large) coffee, £3.50
3 a football, €21

5
Can I help you? S
I’d like a coffee, please. C
Large or small? S
A large one, please. C
These ones are large. S
Is there a medium size? C
Are there other colours? C
These ones are red. S
Those are nice! C
How much are they? C
Are they all black and white? C
This one is red and blue. S
OK, that one, please. C
How much is it? C

6
S: Hello. Can I help you?
C: Yes, I’d like a T-shirt, please.
S: Large or medium?
C: Medium. Are there other colours?
S: These ones are green and blue.
C: How much are they?
S: They’re $7.50

7
1 one 2 ones 3 one 4 ones

2e For sale
1
1A 2A 3B 4C

2
1 modern / new 2 good 3 useful 4 fast 5 large 6 cheap

3
1 It’s an old car.
2 They’re slow laptops.
3 It’s a brown sofa.
4 They’re useful shelves.

4
Opinion Size Age Colour Nationality Noun
useful modern white desk
red British Mini

white
and
blue
fast new engine
large green rucksack

5
1 It’s a fast, new, Japanese motorbike.
2 They’re lovely, red gloves.
3 There are two beautiful, old, Italian chairs for sale.
4 A nice, small, grey computer desk for sale.
5 A large, modern, white house.
2f A thousand words
1
‘A picture says a thousand words’ is an idiom. It refers to the notion that a complex idea can be
conveyed with just a single still image or that an image of a subject conveys its meaning or essence
more effectively than a description does.

2
1 on a train
2 Maybe he’s going home from work
3 the girl on the train

3
1c 2b 3a

4
Man: a bicycle, a pen, a bed, a lamp, a package
Woman: apartment 102, a box, a plant, a cake, a camera, a letterbox

6
1c 2d 3f 4a 5g 6e 7h 8b

UNIT 2 Review
1
1 is 2 are some 3 isn’t 4 aren’t any 5 in front of 6 on 7 between 8 behind

2
1 class 2 shelf 3 family 4 woman 5 knife 6 child 7 boot 8 shoe

3
1 that 2 this 3 those 4 these

5
2 map 3 Dutch 4 hat 5 blinds 6 France 7 age 8 money

6
1 red 2 desk 3 Austria / Belgium 4 roller blades 5 rug 6 Brazilian 7 slow 8 dollars

9
1b 2a 3d 4e 5c

UNIT 3 Places
Opener
1
It’s a railway/train station in Melbourne, Australia.

2
1 The clocks show the times of the next trains.
2 Because everyone knows where it is.

3
1 o’clock 2 half 3 past 4 to 5 minutes 6 twelve

4
Students’ own answers
3a No-car zones
1
1 Melbourne 2 London 3 Tokyo 4 Bogotá

2
1 for free music concerts
2 Ginza
3 shopping
4 the city centre
5 to work
6 Bourke Street
7 great shops
8 to eat

3
1 free 2 popular 3 crowded 4 polluted 5 great 6 noisy 7 beautiful 8 modern 9 clean 10 expensive
11 small

4
Students’ own ideas

5
With I, you, we and they, the main verb is have.
We add don’t (the auxiliary verb do + not or n’t) to make the verb negative.

Answers to the grammar summary exercise on p 163

1
1 I live in an apartment.
2 They don’t have a pet.
3 We go to work by train.
4 I don’t like swimming.
5 Julia and Carlo eat lunch in that restaurant.
6 We don’t meet our friends at the weekend.

7
Example answers
Most people eat lunch in cafés.
Most people like shopping.
They live in apartments.
They work in offices.

8
1 expensive 2 free 3 great 4 popular 5 crowded 6 quiet

9
1b2e3d4a5c

10
1 1 have, 2 live, 3 like, 4 do, 5 finish
2 do (the auxiliary verb)
3 1 and 3
11
1 What do you do?
2 Where do you live?
3 Do you like shopping?
4 What time do you finish work?
5 Do you have a car?
6 Do you eat in cafés at lunchtime?
7 What time do you eat dinner?
8 Do you meet (your) friends after work?

Answers to the grammar summary exercises on p 163

2
1 Do you like going to the city centre?
2 Are you 32 years old?
3 Do you watch TV after work?
4 Is your city polluted?
5 Do you like that café?
6 Do you live in a small town?
3
1 Do … go 2 don’t have 3 don’t live 4 do … finish 5 do … do 6 like 7 go 8 ’m

3b Places of work
1
1 an accountant 2 a sailor 3 a pilot 4 a doctor 5 a waiter 6 a teacher 7 a sales assistant

2
1b 2c 3a

3
1 an archaeologist
2 under the sea
3 at school
4 the world
5 at the weekend
6 tour guide
7 three
8 France and Japan

4
1 you add -s or -es 2 doesn’t

Answers to the grammar summary exercises on p 163

4
1 does 2 watches 3 is 4 goes 5 comes 6 finishes 7 has 8 speaks 9 wants 10 flies 11 studies
5
1 studies 2 has 3 doesn’t work 4 works 5 gets up 6 meets 7 starts 8 doesn’t finish
6
1 lives 2 works 3 doesn’t have 4 travels 5 studies 6 speaks

7
1 /s/ 2 /z/ 3 /ɪz/ 4 /ɪz/ 5 /s/ 6 /s/ 7 /s/ 8 /ɪz/ 9 /z/ 10 /z/
8
Example answers
What do you study?
What do you do?
Do you have an office?
Do you speak foreign languages?
What languages do you speak?
What time do you get up in the morning?
Who do you meet in your job?
Where do you work?
What time do you start work?
Do you travel in your job?

10
1 What does Beverly do? She’s a marine archaeologist.
2 What does she study? Places under the sea and objects from the past.
3 Where does she work? On her boat.
4 What time does she get up? Just after five o’clock.
5 When does she start work? After breakfast.

Answers to grammar summary exercises on p163

5
1 don’t 2 does 3 doesn’t 4 do 5 doesn’t 6 don’t 7 Does
6
1 I like
2 Do you want
3 We don’t work
4 Does she read
5 Does he finish
6 My town doesn’t have
7 Some people speak

11
1 does he live
2 does he do
3 he have an office
4 does he travel
5 does he speak

12
Student A
1 Who does he work for?
2 Where does he work?
3 Does he speak English?
4 What time does he start work?
Factfile
1 National Geographic Magazine
2 All over the world
3 English
4 nine
Student B
1 What does he do?
2 Where does he live?
3 Does he have children?
4 What time does he finish work?
Factfile
1 Photographer
2 Lincoln, Nebraska
3 He has three children.
4 six

3c Places and languages

2
People speak about 7,000 different languages. Mandarin Chinese is spoken by over one billion
speakers. Hindi is second. Spanish is third. English is fourth.

3
1 Latin America
2 second language
3 business, reading the news or study / official language for government in some countries or official
language in universities and schools
4 109
51

4
first (order: ordinal number)
one billion (how many: cardinal number)

5
Cardinal numbers in the text: one hundred and ninety, seven thousand, one billion, four hundred and
seventy million, four hundred and eighteen million, three hundred and eighty million, one billion,
eighty, four, twenty, 6,996, sixty-five, one hundred and nine, one point five, two, one, four
Ordinal numbers in the text: first, second, third, fourth

6
1 1st, 2nd, 4th
2 23rd, 33rd
3 61st, 71st, 81st
4 120th, 121st

8
1 second language 2 first language 3 official language 4 native language 5 Spanish speaker 6 native
speaker

9
1M 2S 3S 4S 5M 6S

10
Main idea: Unfortunately, the world loses a language every two weeks.
Supporting information: This is because lots of youngerpeople only speak one of the ‘big four’
languages and they don’t learn the languages of their parents and grandparents.
For example, Charlie Muldunga lives in Australia and he speaks English because it is the first
language of the country, but his native language is Amurdag. Charlie is the last speaker of this
language and when he dies, the language dies.

3d The city of Atlanta

2
1 visitor centre
2 children’s museum
3 Centennial Olympic Park
4 theatre
5 car park
6 library
7 business district (or possibly also hotel or university)
8 aquarium
9 hotel

3
Aquarium, Centennial Olympic Park, World of Coca-Cola

4
1 near here 2 about, away 3 straight up 4 Go across 5 on the right 6 Go past

3e My favourite city
1
A possible list: a travel website, a tourist information office or visitors’ centre, a travel guide,
guidebook or map, friends who have already been to the place, travel blogs.

2
Bella mentions 1, 2, 3 and 4.

3a
5 and 7 don’t have a capital letter

3b
I’m from Australia and I love Sydney! There are over four million people here, but it’s never
crowded. That’s because there’s a harbour with the famous Sydney Opera House and there are
beautiful beaches. On Saturdays I go with my friends to Narrabeen Beach. It’s quiet and relaxed. In
the evening we go to the city centre. There are over three thousand restaurants. My favourites are
Japanese and Lebanese.

3f Cowley Road
1
Students’ own ideas. Possible adjectives: famous, interesting, historical, old, beautiful
It’s popular because of its old buildings, its parks and its university.

2
Possible questions: Where’s the shopping centre? Is there a railway station? What time do the
colleges open?

3
1f 2b 3a 4d 5c 6e

4
Tick 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 13

5
1 Is there a post office near here?
2 Is there a good place to eat near here?
3 Is there a park round here?
4 How do I get to the supermarket from here?

6
1 c 2 a 3 b 4 b, c, e, f 5 b 6 c 7 a, b, d, f
7
1a 2b 3b 4a 5c

UNIT 3 REVIEW
1
1 live 2 eat 3 like 4 work 5 have, go

2
1 do 2 Do 3 Do 4 don’t 5 don’t 6 don’t

3
1 come 2 lives 3 speaks 4 don’t 5 doesn’t 6 does

4
Present simple
when you use he, she and it

6
1 restaurant 2 library 3 hospital 4 hotel 5 park 6 car park 7 museum

7
1 big 2 popular 3 crowded 4 beautiful 5 modern 6 polluted 7 clean 8 quiet

9
1 Where 2 near 3 away 4 across 5 Take 6 Turn

UNIT 4 Free time

Opener
1
person 3

2
1 shopping 2 friends 3 gym 4 good for you 5 morning 6 relaxing

4a 100% identical?
1
Students’ own ideas

2
Both

3
The Mulgray Twins The Kitt Twins The Phelps Twins
Job? Writers musicians and actors actors
Free-time
Activities do gardening, go walking do Taekwondo, go swimming play golf, play
computer games,
watch football
4
1e 2a/g/h 3f 4g/a/h 5b 6h/a/g 7d 8c

7
The first three have a noun, the second three have the -ing form.
Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p165
1
1 making 2 watching 3 going 4 coming 5 swimming 6 shopping 7 playing 8 writing
2
1 writing 2 watching 3 swimming 4 listening 5 coming 6 doing 7 playing

8
but do they like doing the same things?
They love books
they like the same free-time activities
They like gardening
they like swimming
they love playing golf and playing computer games
They like football but they don’t like the same teams.

4b Free time in the Arctic

1
Students’ personal experience

4
1 yes 2 don’t know 3 no 4 no 5 yes 6 don’t know 7 yes 8 no 9 yes 10 no

5
Students’ own answers

6
1 often 2 always 3 sometimes 4 usually 5 never 6 not often

7
1 after be 2 before other verbs

8
1 usually 2 often 3 sometimes 4 not often

Answers to Grammar summary exercise on p165

3
1 I sometimes do online shopping.
2 She always has a coffee after lunch.
3 Michael is usually in the gym after work.
4 I never play online games.
5 The students are often late for the lesson.
6 He isn’t often hungry in the morning.

9
Students’ own ideas

10
1 How often 2 at the end

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p165

4
1 We go for a walk once a day.
2 They go on holiday twice a year.
3 I use social media every day.
4 She meets her friends every weekend.
5 I visit my parents once or twice a month.
6 I go to the gym three or four times a week.
5
1 How often do you go for a walk?
2 How often do they go on holiday?
3 How often do you use social media?
4 How often does she meet her friends?
5 How often do you visit your parents?
6 How often do you go to the gym?
6
1 going 2 three or four times a week
3 swimming 4 often 5 once or twice a month
6 browsing 7 every

11
1 How often do you go to the gym?
2 How often does your family go on holiday?
3 How often do you read your emails?
4 How often do you visit your cousins?
5 How often do you drink a cup of coffee?
6 How often do you meet your old school friends?

12
1 I go to the gym three times a week.
2 My family goes on holiday twice a year.
3 I read all my emails once a day / every day.
4 We visit my cousins once a year / every year.
5 I drink a cup of coffee three times a day.
6 I meet my old school friends once a month / every month.

4c Extreme sports
1
1 Students’ own experiences
2
a baseball, basketball, cricket, football, tennis, (ice hockey uses a flat type of ball called a puck)
b sailing, surfing, swimming
c skiing (you play ice hockey on ice)
d baseball, basketball, cricket, football, ice hockey (however, although the other sports are individual
sports, they can be between two teams sometimes)
e baseball, basketball, cricket, football, ice hockey, tennis
f go cycling, running, sailing, skiing, surfing, swimming (note that we say do boxing)

2
1 D 2 B and C 3 A 4 All of them, to varying degrees!

3
Example answers
exciting – skiing
popular – football
relaxing – swimming

4
1F 2O 3F 4O 5O 6F
5
The author’s opinion seems generally positive, he uses words like ‘exciting’ and ‘a great adventure’.

6
1 before 2 no 3 no 4 very well and a bit, both are at the end of the sentence 5 How well + can +
subject + main verb

7
1 can 2 can 3 Can, can’t 4 can 5 can 6 can’t, can
1, 2, 4 and 7 contain adverbs

4d A gap year
1
1 volunteer jobs abroad (on a gap year)
2 1 Helping lions in Zambia, 2 Writing a newspaper in Bolivia, 3 Teaching English to young children
all over the world

2
Students’ own ideas and experiences

3
Help the lions

4
Students should tick:
Are you good at teaching?
Do you like animals?
I can speak English well.
I can’t go for eighteen months.
I’m (not very) good at writing.
I love them!

4e You have an email

1
Example answers
Students’ own ideas. People often use emails to make contact with people at work but use texts and
online chat with friends and family; using the phone to call people is more likely with older people
than younger people.

2
Work: 2, 5 and 6
Free time: 1, 3 and 4

3a
1 The new Spielberg film

3b
2 her = the receptionist
3 it = the party; him = Omar
4 it = sushi; there = to the new restaurant
5 one = the photocopier
6 it = the email from Paris; them = the two customers in Paris

4
1 I like Joe’s café. Can we meet there?
2 I have your letter. Can you come and get it?
3 Do you like Mexican food? The café downstairs does it at lunchtime.
4 I’m in my office so meet me here.
5 Olav can’t finish his work. Can you help him?
6 Matt and Suki are late. Please call them.
7 I like the new nightclub. Can we go there?
8 Can you buy a new computer? This one is very old.

4f In my free time
1
1f 2e 3a 4b 5d 6c

2
1 What do you do in your free time?
2 How often do you do it?
3 Why do you enjoy doing it?

5
Question 1
Caroline: going to concerts, playing the ukulele
Maureen: gardening
Ben: going snowboarding, playing disc golf
Question 2
Caroline: every day for about 10 or 15 minutes; every week on a Monday
Maureen: quite often in the spring; less often in the summer and autumn
Ben: snowboarding for two weeks; disc golf once a week; competitions some weekends
Question 3
Caroline: loves making music, getting together with friends
Maureen: fresh air, eating fresh vegetables
Ben: beautiful mountain scenery; hang out with friends; visit some interesting locations

6
1a 2a 3b 4b 5b

7
Students’ own answers

UNIT 4 REVIEW
1
1 swimming 2 playing 3 going 4 listening 5 watching

2
1 Shelly never watches TV.
2 Chris often watches TV.
3 Annette goes to the cinema once a month.
4 Shelly sometimes plays computer games.
5 Chris plays computer games every day.
6 Chris sometimes goes to the cinema.
7 Annette doesn’t often play computer games.
8 Shelly usually goes to the gym at the weekend.

3
1c 2b 3e 4a 5d
4
1 running 2 camping 3 football 4 the guitar 5 a musical instrument 6 the gym 8 sport

6
1 ball 2 water 3 Ice 4 snow 5 teams 6 mountain

7
1 gardening, walking
2 Taekwondo, swimming
3 playing golf, playing computer games, watching football

8
1 at 2 well 3 play 4 very well 5 Do

UNIT 5 Food
Opener
1
1 outside, on the street
2 Students’ own ideas

2
1 She travels to different countries, meets new people and visits new places.
2 She tastes lots of different types of food.
3 To the local restaurants and cafés.
4 Because it has good street food.
5 Mexican tortillas

3
1 make 2 cook 3 smell 4 serve 5 taste 6 eat

5a Famous for food

1
1 rice
2 peppers
3 potatoes
4 chips
5 pasta
6 chicken
7 lamb
8 fish
9 raisins
10 juice
11 prawns
12 onions
13 oranges
14 salt
15 nuts
16 eggs
17 lemons
18 lentils
19 cheese
20 pepper

3
1 /tʃ/ 2 /dʒ/ 3 /tʃ/ 4 /dʒ/
4
1a 2c 3b 4f 5d 6e

5
1B 2C 3A

6
a 1, 2, 3
b 1, 3
c 2 (1: some people use fish)
d 1, 2, 3
e 1, 3
f1
g2
h 1, 3

8
You can count onion(s), carrots and tomatoes
You can’t count meat or bread.

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p167

1
1a 2 some 3 a 4 some 5 some 6 an 7 some
2
1 some 2 any 3 any 4 some 5 any 6 any
3
1 any 2 some 3 any 4 a 5 some 6 some 7 an 8 any 9 any

9
1a 2b 3b

10
1 some 2 a 3 some 4 any 5 any 6 some 7 some 8 some

11
Student A needs mushrooms. Student B needs butter and mushrooms.

5b Top five food markets

1
Students’ own answers

2
1 200 years old 2 meat and seafood 3 the local sauce 4 a great restaurant 5 live music / musicians
6 every day

3
Students’ own ideas

4
1 a lot of 2 many 3 much 4 much, many
Answers to Grammar summary exercise on p167
4
1 lots of / a lot of 2 many 3 many / lots of 4 much 5 a lot of / much 6 much / a lot of 7 many 8 a lot
of

5
2 (no rewrite possible)
3 There aren’t many local markets in my region.
4 Do you buy many sweets for the children?
5 There isn’t much milk in the fridge.
6 (no rewrite possible)
7 She doesn’t put much salt on her food.
8 Do you eat many strawberries in the summer?

7
2 Castries Market, St Lucia

8
1 six 2 one 3 two

9
1 a bottle of sauce
2 a piece of chocolate
3 a slice of pizza
4 a glass of water
5 a packet of pasta
6 a tin of tuna
7 a kilo of flour
8 a bag of rice

10
How many asks about countable nouns.
How much asks about uncountable nouns.

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p167

5
1 How many
2 How much
3 How much
4 How many
5 How many
6 How many
7 How much
8 How much
6
1 a 2 some 3 How much 4 any 5 much 6 some 7 an 8 How many

11
1 many 2 much 3 many 4 many 5 much

5c An eater’s guide to food labels

1
Students’ own answers
2
Example answers
Labels show the name of a product, where it comes from, what it weighs, what ingredients are in it,
how healthy it is (calories, fat, additives, etc.), its sell by or use by date, its bar code.

3
1b 2a 3a 4b

4
1b 2a

5
1a 2d 3b 4c

6
1 someone who doesn’t eat meat or fish
2 green = go, orange = slow down/stop, red = stop
3 Students’ own answers

7
3 A (Make sure)
4 B (can)
5 C (don’t need to)
6 A (Remember that)
7 A (be careful)

8
Example answers
Make sure you eat fruit every day.
Don’t eat a lot of chocolate.
You can eat biscuits – but no more than two a day.

5d At the restaurant
1
1 Starters 2 Main courses 3 Desserts 4 Drinks

2
Students’ own answers

4
1 Man: seafood pizza; Woman: mushroom and spinach burger; both: sparkling water (one to share)
2 $26.40 (Seafood pizza $11.95, Mushroom and spinach burger $11.95, and one bottle of sparkling
water $2.50)

5
Here is the menu. W
Can I get you anything to drink first? W
I’d like a bottle of water, please. C
I don’t want a starter. C
I’ll have a seafood pizza. C
I’d also like a dessert. C
Are you ready to order? W
That was delicious. C
Can I get you anything else? W
Could we have the bill, please? C
5e What do I do next?
1
1b 2a 3c

2a
See answers to 2b.

2b
1 comma (milk, eggs, butter and salt)
2 full stop (… in about fifteen minutes.)
3 comma (a cool, dry place)
4 colon (Please follow these instructions:)
5 comma (First of all,)
6 comma (After you open the bottle, use the sauce within three months.)

2c
Fortune cookies are nice at the end of a meal in a Chinese restaurant and they’re easy to make.
You need the following: pieces of paper, three eggs, sugar, salt and flour.
First of all, write your messages on the pieces of paper. Next, mix the eggs, sugar, salt and flour, and
pour the mixture onto a tray.

3
Example answer
Cheese and tomato sandwiches are always good to eat and easy to make. You need the following:
bread, butter, tomatoes, cheese and salt. First of all, slice the bread, tomatoes and cheese. Next,
spread butter on the bread.
Put some cheese on the bread and two slices of tomato on the cheese. Put salt on the cheese and
tomatoes. Finally, put another slice of bread on top. Enjoy!

5f The world food quiz

1
Vegetables: carrots, cucumbers, potatoes, sweet potatoes
Fruit: bananas, apples, sugar cane

2
1b 2e 3c 4a 5f 6d

4
1 flour, bread, pasta,
2 (b) Peru
3 stem
4 leaf
5 root
6 tomatoes, aubergine/eggplant
7 orange and lemon
8 peppers (or chillies)
9 coffee

6
1 cereal 2 eggplant 3 leaves 4 stem 5 wheat 6 Seaweed

7
Example answers
Do you eat the stem, the leaf or the root of rhubarb? (stem)
Do you eat the stem, the leaf or the root of a potato? (root)
Do you eat the stem, the leaf or the root of spinach? (leaf)
What type of drink can you make from cocoa beans? (hot chocolate)
Can you say three fruit and vegetables which are red? (tomatoes, cherries, strawberries, peppers)
Which country or part of the world is famous for sushi? (Japan)

UNIT 5 REVIEW
1
1 eggs C 2 rice U 3 lemons C 4 orange juice U 5 peppers C 6 cheese U

2
How much: rice, orange juice, cheese (also possible: chicken, fish, lamb, pasta, pepper, salt)
How many: eggs, lemons, peppers (also possible: chips, lentils, nuts, potatoes, prawns)

3
1c 2d 3b 4e 5a 6f

4
1 much 2 A lot of 3 a lot of 4 a lot of / much 5 a lot of / many 6 not many

5
1 oranges, raisins
2 peppers, potatoes
3 chicken, lamb
4 juice, milk
5 pierogi, satay
6 bag, tin

6
Example answers
1 apples, bananas, strawberries
2 carrots, cabbage, turnips
3 beef, venison, duck
4 tea, coffee, soda
5 curry, ceviche, kabsa
6 packet, bottle, box

7
1 a slice of pizza
2 a glass of water
3 a packet of pasta
4 a tin of tuna

8
1 Would you like
2 I’d like
3 Are you ready to
4 Can we have

UNIT 6 Past lives

Opener
1
It’s a photo of the same two people, sister and brother Donna and Steven.
2
1 seventies and eighties
2 1981
3 2015

3
1 1970–1979 2 1789–1799 3 2002 4 1960 to 1969 5 1800 to 1899

4
a5 b3 c1 d4 e2

6a Famous faces
1
Students’ own answers

2
1c 2b 3a

3
1T
2 F (Now, his face is on the US one-dollar note.)
3 F (… there weren’t any famous people on the notes.)
4 F (… there were pictures of different types of building …)
5T
6 F (Frida and Diego’s faces are on the Mexican 500-peso note.)

4
1 the past 2 to be 3 were 4 was

Answers to Grammar summary exercise on p169

1
1 Was 2 was 3 Was, wasn’t 4 weren’t 5 Were 6 were 7 weren’t 8 Were

5
1 was 2 was 3 were 4 wasn’t 5 weren’t 6 was

6
Student A
1
1 was 2 Was 3 was 4 Were 5 were 6 was 7 were
2
1 Paris 2 French 3 Switzerland 4 musicians 5 29 years 6 the nineteen twenties 7 Europe
Student B
1
1 was 2 was 3 were 4 was 5 Were 6 was 7 Were
3
1 Japanese 2 1872 3 five 4 businessman 5 weren’t 6 writer 7 were

7
Example answers
1 f 2 g 3 c 4 d 5 a 6 j 7 i 8 k 9 e 10 b 11 h
(This order assumes your students were children sometime between 1970 and 2000.)

8
1 When were your grandparents born?
2 When was your last holiday?
3 Where were you on January 1st this year?
4 What month were you born in?
5 Who were some famous people in the twentieth century?

9
We add -ed.
Live ends in -e, so we only add -d.
Study ends in -y and the y changes to i then we add -ed.
Travel doubles the l.

Answers to Grammar summary exercise on p169

2
1 lived 2 worked 3 travelled 4 finished 5 started 6 played 7 wanted 8 liked 9 stopped 10 watched

10
1 lived 2 studied 3 painted 4 died 5 travelled 6 worked 7 finished 8 started

11a
3 like = 1; liked = 1
4 want = 1; wanted = 2
5 work = 1; worked = 1
6 start = 1; started = 2
7 play = 1; played = 1
8 visit = 2; visited = 3
9 travel = 2; travelled = 2

6b Visiting the past

1
Example answers
She lives there; She loves visiting them; She is studying / exploring / protecting them.

2
She grew up in the cave with her family.

3
1 Nepal 2 thousand 3 fifteenth 4 dry 5 born 6 better

4
1 no 2 no 3 didn’t

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p169

3
1 was 2 was 3 got 4 had 5 started 6 worked 7 wrote 8 died
4
1 went, I 2 grew, I 3 made, I 4 did, I 5 found, I 6 talked, R 7 bought, I 8 saw, I 9 painted, R
10 wrote, I 11 read, I 12 moved, R 13 had, I 14 met, I 15 listened, R
5
1 We didn’t go on holiday last year.
2 Magda didn’t like the film.
3 They lived in the USA for ten years.
4 Mike made a big mistake.
5 She didn’t buy a ticket.
6 I spoke to Bogdan this morning.
5
1 made 2 lived 3 built, moved 4 was 5 grew up 6 didn’t have 7 went, brought

6
1 was 2 grew up 3 went 4 got 5 had 6 left

7
Example answers
I was born in 1997.
I went to my first school when I was five.
I didn’t have a job at weekends. I worked in the evenings.

8
Did

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p169

6
1 Did you live in a house or an apartment?
2 What did they do last night?
3 Where did Anton study?
4 Did you watch the football game last night?
5 Did the food taste nice?
6 How did they build their houses?
7
1 did you do 2 visited 3 didn’t know 4 grew 5 Did you like 6 was 7 played 8 Did you have
9 did 10 didn’t have 11 wasn’t

9
1 did 2 did 3 didn’t 4 did 5 Did 6 didn’t

10
1 What did you do at the weekend?
A: I went to the Natural History Museum in London.
B: I visited the centre of Rome.
2 How did you get there?
A: I got there/went on the London underground.
B: I got there/went by bus and by taxi.
3 Did you go with anyone?
A: Yes, I went with a friend from school.
B: Yes, I was with a group of people from work.
4 What did you see?
A: I saw dinosaur bones.
B: I saw the Coliseum.
5 Did you do anything else?
A: I had lunch at the museum.
B: I did some shopping.

6c Lifelogging
1
1 wrote 2 took 3 wore 4 made 5 posted

3
1b 2c 3a 4d
4
1 in the 1660s / in the seventeenth century
2 important events, the lives of famous people, everyday lives
3 23%
4 women
5 Gordon Bell
6 every 30 seconds
7 on social media
8 to learn about our lives in the twenty-first century

5
1 preposition 2 article + noun 3 preposition
4 preposition

6
Students’ own ideas

7
1F 2A 3F 4F 5A 6F

8
Students’ own ideas

9
Possible questions:
How often do you write a blog entry?
How many photos do you upload every day?
Do you use a fitness tracker? If so, how often?
Do you keep a hand-written diary? If so, how often do you
write in it?
What do you normally write about in your diary or blog?

6d How was your evening?

1
a1 b3 c2 d2 e1 f3 g3

2
  fantastic, Great!
 It was fun, nice, It was funny
 OK, fine, not bad
 boring, terrible! not very good

3b
Example answers
Possible questions: How was your lesson? How was your journey to school? How was your lunch?

4
1 How was 2 Where did 3 Who were 4 Was it 5 Were there 6 What did 7 Did you have

6e Thanks!
1
Example answers
to a work colleague who has been supportive
to people who have supported you (e.g. made a donation to a campaign you have run)
to people who sent a card or visited when you were ill or in hospital

2
A thanks someone for coming to her party
B thanks someone for their work (probably in organizing a visit)
C thanks a customer for attending a course

3a
introduction:
A Hi! B Dear Nadia C Dear Mr Keeping
thank the person:
A Thanks B Thank you C Thank you very much for …
talk about future contact:
A See you again soon
B See you again next year.
C I look forward to hearing from you …
end the writing:
A Love B Best regards C Yours sincerely

3b
C very formal A very informal

6f Objects from the past

1
Example answers
Students’ own ideas.
It looks like a helmet and is made of gold.
The object is important because it’s rare, valuable, reminds us of our past, and informs us of what
happened in the past – what people wore and what they could make. People admire the beauty and
skill and love learning about history.

2
1g 2d 3c 4b 5a 6e 7f

4
1 c, e 2 a, f 3 b, d

5
1 j 2 b 3 e 4 c 5 f 6 g 7 a 8 i 9 d 10 h

6
1a 2b 3c 4b 5a

UNIT 6 REVIEW
1
1 Frida Kahlo was from Mexico. She was a painter.
2 George Washington was the first president of the United States.
3 Ichiyo Higuchi was a Japanese writer.

2
1 grew up 2 was 3 travelled 4 went 5 lived 6 worked 7 returned 8 wrote 9 became 10 died

3
3, 5, 6, 7 and 10 are regular
1, 2, 4, 8 and 9 are irregular
4
1 Where did Marco Polo grow up in the thirteenth century?
2 When did he travel with his father and uncle?
3 Which parts of the world did they go to?
4 How many years did he live in China?
5 Who did he work for?
6 When did he return to Venice?
7 What did he write a book about?

5
1 Venice
2 when he was seventeen
3 Persia and China
4 seventeen
5 the Khan
6 twenty-four years later
7 his journeys in Asia

6
Example answers
before 2001 / Wednesday / March
this week / Wednesday / March / month / century
the twentieth century / sixties
last week / Wednesday / March / month / century
on February (the) 28th
in the evening / sixties / week / twentieth century
in March / 2001
a week / month ago

7
Example answers
Before 2001, people didn’t have iPhones.
In the sixties, short skirts were popular.
In the twentieth century, there were two world wars.

8
1 fine 2 OK 3 boring 4 funny

9
1 How was your evening?
2 Did you have a good weekend?
3 Was it a special party?
4 Where did you go last night?
5 Who were you with?
6 Were there lots of people there?

10
a4 b3 c5 d2 e6 f1

UNIT 7 Journeys
Opener
1
It’s a long journey because the ladybird is small and moves slowly. It also looks difficult to balance
on the plant.
2
tiny, hot, long, slow, difficult (note that red and green are other adjectives in the audio)

3
clean – dirty cold – hot dangerous – safe difficult – easy- fast – slow huge – tiny long – short

7a Animal journeys
2
1c 2a 3b

3
Saigas: spring / higher places / dangerous
Turtles when they’re babies / – / long
Frogs: spring / water / short, difficult

4
1 -er 2 more 3 good, bad 4 than

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p171

1
1 My car journey was longer than your bus journey.
2 My sister is taller than me.
3 She feels happier in the summer.
4 Today is hotter than yesterday.
5 Cars are more dangerous than planes.
6 He’s a better cook than me.
2
1 The new restaurant in town is better than the old restaurant.
2 German is more difficult to learn than English.
3 The book is more interesting than the film.
4 The weather today is worse than the weather yesterday.
5 She is busier than her husband.
6 Travelling by train is nicer than travelling by bus.
7 Josh’s house is bigger than my house.
3
1 faster 2 more expensive 3 shorter 4 more boring 5 hotter 6 easier

5
1 bigger 2 smaller 3 cheaper 4 more expensive 5 colder 6 hotter 7 more dangerous 8 safer 9 more
difficult 10 easier 11 faster 12 slower 13 better 14 worse 15 longer 16 shorter

6
1 hotter 2 longer 3 bigger 4 safer 5 faster 6 more difficult 7 cheaper 8 better

7
Example answers
1 Australia is hotter than Antarctica.
2 A car is safer than a bicycle.
3 Rock-climbing is more dangerous than surfing.
4 Travel by air is faster than travel by sea.
5 An elephant is bigger than a lion.
6 A holiday in the city is more expensive than camping in the countryside.
7 Paris is better/cheaper/safer than New York.
8 Train journeys are slower than plane journeys.
9
Fact: Antarctica is colder than Australia.
Opinion: Rock-climbing is more dangerous than surfing.

10
Example answers
Answers will depend on what students wrote in Exercise 7.
These answers are for the example answers:
1 Australia is hotter than Antarctica. F
2 A car is safer than a bicycle. O
3 Rock-climbing is more dangerous than surfing. O
4 Travel by air is faster than travel by sea. F
5 An elephant is bigger than a lion. F
6 A holiday in the city is more expensive than camping in the countryside. F
7 Paris is better than New York. O
8 Train journeys are slower than plane journeys. F

11
Students’ own ideas

7b The deepest place on Earth

1
1 take 2 go 3 travel 4 go by 5 travel to 6 take

2
Example answers
1 I walk / drive / cycle / take the bus to work / school; I go to work by bike / car.
2 We normally fly but sometimes we take the train.
3 I love to travel by train for long journeys because I like to look at the countryside.

3
1 The Mariana Trench 2 11 km 3 two hours 4 (one-man) submarine 5 fangtooth 6 68

4
Students’ own answers
Possibilities: the place: in the ocean (deep, dark); type of transport: one-man submarine with special
lights; sea life: new and strange animals, fish, fangtooth – big teeth

5
1 -est 2 most 3 the

Answers to Grammar summary exercises on p171

4
1 biggest 2 longest 3 worst 4 fastest 5 highest 6 most dangerous 7 happiest
5
1 best 2 hottest 3 worst 4 highest 5 coldest 6 most popular
6
1 heavier than 2 lighter than 3 the lightest 4 the most expensive 5 cheaper than 6 the cheapest
7 shorter than 8 longer than 9 the longest

6
1 longest 2 shortest 3 fastest 4 slowest 5 most expensive 6 most difficult 7 best

7
1 most important 2 biggest 3 busiest 4 worst 5 fastest 6 most expensive 7 most popular 8 largest
8
1 the most famous 2 the most popular 3 the most beautiful 4 smaller 5 the hottest 6 the best 7 the
cheapest 8 better

7c Visit Colombia!
1
Example answers
Students’ own ideas. Possibilities: food and restaurants; history and architecture; festivals and
celebrations; nature

2
Topics: food, friendly people, sculptures, squares, museums, music and dancing, festivals, trekking in
jungles

3
1 Cali 2 Medellín 3 Ciudad Perdida 4 Cali 5 Cartagena 6 Medellín 7 Ciudad Perdida

4
1 port 2 chat 3 sculptor 4 sculptures 5 cable car 6 nightclubs/concerts 7 festival 8 ancient

5
1 spend time 2 have time for 3 Save time 4 have a good time

6
Students’ own answers
spend/save money

7
Students’ own answers

8
tourists (It includes different topics that might interest visitors.)

9
1 business people
2 It’s about practical information for business visitors (i.e. airport, public transport, hotel, restaurants).

7d Travel money
1
1 change, dollars 2 spend, money 3 take out, money 4 pay, credit card 5 lend, coins 6 borrow, cash 7
buy, ticket

2
1a 2c 3f

3
1 course 2 can 3 Sure 4 could 5 Certainly 6 sorry 7 Could 8 afraid

4
Example answers
A: Can you lend me ten pounds?
B: Yes, of course.
A: Thanks.
B: Can I pay by credit card?
A: I’m sorry, but you can’t. Do you have cash?
B: I’m afraid not.

7e The end of the road

1
1 on a bus journey from Lhasa to Kodari / in the Himalayas
2 three
3 the north side of Everest
4 it stopped
5 the driver
6 some of them were angry
7 he looked sad and lonely
8 he wanted a good hotel and a hot meal

2a
1 sentence b (the reason is that he wanted a hotel and a meal, the action is that he left the bus)
2 sentence a (the action is that he felt sorry for the driver, the reason is that the driver looked sad)
3 You use so to introduce a result. You use because to introduce a reason.

2b
1 because 2 so 3 because 4 so 5 so 6 because 7 so 8 because

3
1 and 2 so 3 because 4 but 5 because 6 so 7 and

7f The final journey

1
Example answers
It’s dangerous because the bears are trying to eat them, the river is fast and they are swimming up
river, and there may be rocks and other obstacles.

2
1 e, f 2 d 3 c 4 a 5 b

4
1b 2a 3d 4c 5f 6e 7g

5
1 Alaska
2 in the river
3 one in every thousand
4 the head turns green, the mouth grows longer, the skin turns red and becomes smooth
5 no
6 in the shallow water
7 fight over the females
8 lay their eggs
9 They become food for the baby salmon.

6
1a 2b 3a 4b 5b

UNIT 7 REVIEW
1
1 Mercury 2 Jupiter 3 Mercury 4 Neptune 5 Earth 6 Mercury
2
1 nearest (superlative) 2 big, biggest (superlative) 3 hot, hottest (superlative) 4 longer (comparative)
5 best (superlative) 6 smaller (comparative), smallest (superlative)

3
1 Qatar is hotter than Berlin. / Berlin is colder then Qatar.
2 A Porsche is faster than a Mini. / A Mini is slower than a Porsche.
3 This house is more expensive than this apartment. / This apartment is cheaper than this house.
4 London is bigger than Madrid. / Madrid is smaller than London.
5 The River Nile is shorter than the River Amazon. / The River Amazon is longer than the River Nile.

4
1 the coldest 2 the fastest 3 the most expensive 4 the biggest 5 the shortest

5
cheap – expensive
clean – dirty
cold – hot
easy – difficult
fast – slow
long – short
safe – dangerous
tiny – huge (or enormous)

6
Example answers
It’s often ____ in summer. (hot)
A Ferrari is very ____ and expensive. (fast)
Quantum physics is ____. (difficult)
A blue whale is a ____ animal. (huge)

7
1 by 2 walk / cycle 3 take 4 to

8
1 pay 2 lend 3 change 4 Take out

9
1c 2a 3b 4e 5d

10
Example answers
A: Can you lend me twenty euros?
B: Yes, of course.
A: Thanks. Can I pay you back on Monday?
B: Sure. No problem.

UNIT 8 Appearance
Opener
1
1 in the Philippines
2 colourful, crowded, exciting, fun, loud, noisy, popular