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16 - Multithreading

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28 views17 pages

16 - Multithreading

Uploaded by

rohit pawar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

to Threads
Introduction to Threads
Learning Objective

 Creating Threads
 Thread States
 Runnable Interface
 Priority of Thread
 Interrupting Threads

 ThreadGroup
Introduction of Thread
 A thread is a single sequential flow of control within a
program.

 A single thread also has a beginning, an end, a sequence,


and at any given time during the runtime of the thread
there is a single point of execution.

 Multithreading in java is a process of executing multiple


threads simultaneously.

 Multiprocessing and multithreading, both are used to


achieve multitasking.

 Java Multithreading is mostly used in games, animation


etc.
Life-cycle of Thread
Creating Threads
 Threads can be created using either of the two ways:

 Extending Thread Class

 Thread class provide constructors and methods to


create and perform operations on a thread.

 Thread class extends Object class and implements


Runnable interface.

 Implementing Runnable Interface


Runnable Interface
 A Thread can be created by extending Thread class .

 However, Java allows only one class to extend, it wont


allow multiple inheritance.

 This can be done by implementing Runnable interface.

 To implement Runnable interface , implement a run() .


This method provides entry point for the thread
Runnable Interface
 Thread object is instantiated using the Thread
class constructor.
Thread(Runnable threadObj, String threadName);

 The run() is executed by calling the start().


Example
public class FirstThread implements Runnable
{
public void run()
{
for ( int i=1; i<=10; i++)
{
System.out.println( "Message from First Thread : " +i);
try
{
Thread.sleep (1000);
}
catch (InterruptedException obj)
{
System.out.println( “Thread is interrupted when it is
sleeping "+obj);
}
}
}
Example : Runnable Interface
public class ThreadDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
FirstThread firstThread = new FirstThread();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(firstThread);
thread1.start();
}
}

o/p
Message from First Thread : 1
Message from First Thread : 2
.
Message from First Thread : 10
Priority Of Thread
 Priorities are represented by a number between 1 and
10.

 public static int MIN_PRIORITY


 public static int NORM_PRIORITY
 public static int MAX_PRIORITY
Example
class Test implements Runnable
{
Thread t;
boolean runn = true;
Test(String st , int p)
{
t = new Thread(this,st);
t.setPriority(p);
t.start();
}
public void run()
{
System.out.println("Thread name : " + t.getName());
System.out.println("Thread Priority : " + t.getPriority());
}
Example
Program conti…
class priority
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
Test t1 = new Test("Thread1",Thread.NORM_PRIORITY + 2);
Test t2 = new Test("Thread2",Thread.NORM_PRIORITY - 2);
System.out.println("Main Thread : " + Thread.currentThread());
System.out.println("Main Thread Priority
:"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
Example
Output

Thread name : Thread1


Main Thread : Thread[main,10,main]
Thread name : Thread2
Thread Priority : 7
Main Thread Priority : 10
Thread Priority : 3
Interrupting Thread
 If any thread is in sleeping or waiting state (i.e.
sleep() or wait() is invoked), calling the interrupt()
method on the thread, breaks out the sleeping or
waiting state throwing InterruptedException.

 If the thread is not in the sleeping or waiting state,


calling the interrupt() method performs normal
behaviour and doesn't interrupt the thread but sets
the interrupt flag to true.
ThreadGroup
Thread groups offer a convenient way to manage
groups of threads as a unit.

Used to suspend and resume a number of related


threads.

Syntax

ThreadGroup groupA = new ThreadGroup("Group


A");
NewThread ob1 = new NewThread("One", groupA);
NewThread ob2 = new NewThread("Two", groupA);
Interview Questions

 What is the difference between Process and Thread?


 What are the different ways to start a thread?
 What are different states in lifecycle of Thread?
 What are the benefits of multi-threaded programming?
 What is difference between user Thread and daemon
Thread?
 How do you change the thread name?
 What is context-switching in multi-threading?
 How is synchronization achieved in Java?
 How do you make a class thread safe?
 Why Thread sleep() and yield() methods are static?
Any Questions

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