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Anchor Arrangement

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561 views41 pages

Anchor Arrangement

Uploaded by

bopaiahaayush
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANCHOR

ARRANGEMENT
REASONS FOR ANCHOR A VESSEL

1. No Voyage information.
2. Awaiting berth/ terminal/ shore readiness.
3. Bunkering, crew change, stores, and provision.
4. Ship-to-Ship Transfer operations.
5. The port is closed.
6. Waiting out a storm.
7. Breakdown or damage to hull or machinery.
8. Pilot/ tugboat/ mooring gangs strike or unavailable.
9. Underwater inspection.
10. Emergency anchoring.
11. Mooring involving anchors.
Basic Equipment Arrangement

 ANCHOR
 CHAIN CABLE
 HAWSE PIPE
 ANCHOR LASHING
 CHAIN STOPPER
 WINDLASS – CABLE LIFTER, GEARS
 DRIVE UNIT/SYSTEM – POWER UNIT, CONTROLS
 SPURLING PIPE
 CHAIN LOCKER
 BITTER END
TYPICAL FORCASTLE ARRANGEMENT
TYPICAL ANCHOR ARRANGEMENT
WHAT IS AN ANCHOR

 An anchor is a hook, attached to a length of chain called a cable,


by which a ship or boat can be held temporarily to the seabed in
comparatively shallow water.
TYPES OF ANCHOR

 1. STOCK ANCHOR
 2. STOCKLESS ANCHOR
STOCK ANCHOR
STOCKLESS ANCHOR
 The anchor is attached to a heavy chain cable
which is led through the hawse pipe over the
windlass and down through a spurling pipe into
the chain locker.
CONNECTION BETWEEN ANCHOR
AND CABLE
CONNECTION BETWEEN ANCHOR
AND COMMON LINKS
SWIVEL
ANCHOR CABLE

 A principal task of the chain cable is to provide enough weight to


ensure that the anchor lies horizontally on the seabed so that it
provides maximum holding force.
Anchor chain consists of 27.5-metre lengths of studded steel links,
known as shackles.
 Each shackle is connected to the other with a Kenter shackle OR
Luggged shackle.
 The Kenter shackles are slightly larger than the normal chain
links, and are normally identified by being painted or clamped.
 Chain links are made of steel bar or cast steel.
 Anchor Cable Accessories
1) Anchor shackle
Large shackle used for connecting the chain cable and the anchor
(2) Lugged shackle
shackles used for connecting two chain cables; if studless end links are
not provided at both ends , this shackle cannot be used.
(3) Kenter shackle
Shackles used for connecting a chain consisting of common links only
and no end links.
(4) Swivel
Swivel is ijoined close to the anchor, it has the role of preventing twists in
the chain cable due to its rotation. If a swivel is not provided in the
chain, the links in the chain may be twisted
JOINING SHACKLE
JOINING SHACKLE AND END LINK
KENTOR SHACKLE
KENTOR SHACKLE
A KENTOR SHACKLE
HAWSE PIPE

 Hawse pipes are to be of ample thickness and of suitable size and


form to house the Anchors efficiently and preventing, as much as
practicable, slackening of the cable or movements of the anchor
being caused by wave action.
 The shell plating and framing in the way of hawse pipes often
requires reinforcement.
 Substantial chafing lips are required at the ends of the hawse pipe at
the deck and shell.
 These are often steel castings welded to the ends of the
tubular steel hawse pipe and shell.
 Alternatively the hawse pipe may be an integral cast
steel structure.
HAWSE PIPE
CABLE/ BOW STOPPER

 A fitting used to secure the anchor chain when riding at anchor,


thereby relieving the strain/load on the windlass, and also for
securing the anchor in the housed position in the hawsepipe.
 Chain stopper usually consists of two parallel vertical plates
mounted on a base with a pivoting bar which drops down to bear
on a chain link.
CABLE STOPPER-ON POSITION
CABLE STOPPER IN OFF POSITION
CABLE LIFTER

 The drums of the windlass are shaped to suit the cable and are
known as cable lifters.
 The cable lifters are arranged over the spurling pipes to ensure a
direct lead for the cables into the lockers.
 The windlass may be electric in common with the other deck
auxiliaries.
 It should be capable of lifting the anchor from 82.5m to 27.5m at
9m/min
SPURLING PIPE

 The SPURLING pipes are of mild steel, bell mouthed at the bottom.
 The bells may be of cast iron, well rounded to avoid chafing.
 The pipes are fitted as near as possible to the centre of the chain
locker for ease of stowage.
SPURLING PIPE TO CHAIN LOCKER
Spurling pipe
CHAIN LOCKER

 It must be of sufficient volume to allow adequate headroom when


the anchors are in the stowed position.
 The locker is usually situated forward of the collision bulkhead, using
this bulkhead as the after locker bulkhead.
 The stiffeners are preferably fitted outside the locker to prevent
damage from the chains.
 A centreline division is fitted to separate the two chain lockers.
CHAIN LOCKER
 Foot holds are cut in to allow access from one side to the other.
 A hinged door is fitted in the forward bulkhead, giving access to the
locker from the store space.
 Many lockers are fitted with false floors to allow drainage of water
and mud, which is cleared by a drain plug in the forward bulkhead
leading into a drain hat from where it is discharged by means of a
chain locker blige educator system.
BITTER END

 The end of the cable must be connected to the deck or bulkhead in


the chain locker.
 The inboard end of a ship anchoring cable which is secured in the
chain locker by the clench pin is called the bitter end of anchor
cable.
 Provision is to be made for securing the bitter end of the chain cable
to the ship structure.
 It is to be provided with suitable means such that, in case of
emergency, the chain cable may be easily slipped to sea from an
accessible position outside the chain cable locker.
SLEDGE HAMMER

 A specially marked( red painted) sledge hammer should always


also be installed in an accessible position to allow the release of the
cable in any emergency.
SLEDGE HAMMER
BITTER END
BITTER END
ANCHOR CABLE ARRANGEMENT

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