Writing Task 1 - R eport

DYNAMIC & STATIC CHARTS

Pie Chart
Understand Task Achievement

Analyse Compare
● Identify all subjects/categories ● Compare the subjects themselves in

● Select & report the main features of different periods

the subjects/categories ● Compare the subjects to one another

Structure for a full report
Paragraph 1 INTRODUCTION (1-2 sentences): explain in your own words what the chart is showing

OVERVIEW (2 sentences): in general terms, tell what 2 main/ interesting features are
Paragraph 2 1 - overall trends (increase/decrease/steadiness/fluctuation) *if any
2 - highlights (the highest, the lowest/ significant difference from the general trend)

Paragraph 3 BODY 1 (3 - 4 sentences) - describe the data using subject/category-based approach*

Paragraph 4 BODY 2 (3 - 4 sentences) - describe the data using subject/category-based approach*

*Use the subject/category-based approach to organize the data into 2 body paragraphs.
You can arrange information from highest to lowest counts or from increasing to
decreasing trends. If there are 2 charts, dedicate each paragraph to one chart.
How to write an Introduction
➢ Step 1: Identify the elements in the questions

Key elements Elements in the question

Chart type

What

Where

When

Category

Measurement
The charts show the distribution of money on music in
Tense Northern Ireland.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main

features and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150
words.
 Structures for Introduction

Graph name Verb What Where (if any) When (if any)

The pie chart(s) show(s) information/ in … from … to …

describe(s) data about … between … and ….
illustrate(s) in the last … years
present(s) over the past … years
demonstrate(s) over a period of …. years from … to …
highlight(s) over the …-year period from … to …
compare(s) over the period from … to …
How to write an Introduction
➢ Step 2: Write the introduction following the structure

Graph type Verb What Where When

Question The charts show the distribution of money in Northern

on music Ireland.

Introduction The three describes/ the allocation of money to in Northern in 2005, 2008, and
(paraphrase with pie charts illustrates/ different forms of music Ireland
2011.
synonyms) presents/
demonstrates
/compare
How to write an Overview
➢ Sentence 1: Overall trends

Overall, digital downloads spending witnessed an upward

trend, while CDs and concerts decreased.

● Increase: digital downloads

● Decrease: CD & concerts
● Steadiness: other source

Upward an increase in the proportion of a particular

trend category over multiple pie charts The charts show the distribution of money on music in
Northern Ireland.
Downward a decrease in the proportion of a particular
trend category over multiple pie charts Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main
features and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least
Steadiness little to no change in the proportion of a 150 words.
particular category over multiple pie charts

Fluctuation irregular changes in the proportion of a

particular category over multiple pie charts, with
no clear upward or downward trend
How to write an Overview
➢ Sentence 2: Highlights

Additionally, the highest figure was recorded in the

proportion of money on CDs in 2005 and 2008, but it
was overtaken by digital downloads in 2011.

● The highest/ lowest

● The significant difference from the general trend
The charts show the distribution of money on music in
● The most significant increase/ decrease Northern Ireland.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main

features and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least
150 words.
Structures for Body
1 There be + [data] + S1, while the figure for/ percentage of + S2 + stood at + [data]

Ex. There were 75% of students with very good qualifications (S1), while the
percentage of students with excellent qualifications (S2) stood at 22%.

2 S1 + stood at + [data], compared to + [data] + S2

Ex. The percentage of students with very good qualifications (S2) stood at 75%,
compared to only 22% of students with excellent qualifications (S2).

3 S1 + stood at + [data], multiple numbers + as much as that of S2

Ex. The percentage of students with very good qualifications (S1) stood at 75%,
about three times as much as that of students with excellent qualifications (S2).

4 S1 + stood at + [data], difference + higher than that of S2

Ex. The percentage of students with very good qualifications (S1) stood at over 75%,
53% higher than that of students with excellent qualifications (S2).
Comparative Structures
Superlative Structures
Other structures
Transitions & Subordinating Conjunctions
Words/ Phrases of Approximation

» Approximately » Just over

» Nearly » Just under

» Roughly » Just around

» Almost » Just about

» About » Just below

» Around » A little more than

» More or less » A little less than

Words/ Phrases of Approximation
Percentage/ Fraction

Percentage Fraction Phrase

10% a tenth a small/minor/modest + percentage/proportion/fraction

a minority

20% a fifth

25% a fourth/ a quarter

33% a third

50% a half

66% two-thirds a considerable/significant + percentage/ proportion/fraction

a considerable/ significant + data
75% three-fourths/ three quarters a majority

Verbs:
- account for (Education expenditure accounted for 66% of the total expenses.)
- make up (Education expenditure made up 66% of the total expenses.)
- comprise (Education expenditure comprised 66% of the total expenses.)
- constitute (Education expenditure constituted 66% of the total expenses.)
- contribute (Education expenditure contributed 66% of the total expenses.)
Pie Charts - Sample Report
The pie charts show the different foods included in diets in China, The pie charts provide a comparison of what makes up the diets
India, and the average around the world in 2008. of people in China, India, and the world in general.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main
Overall, processed food was the main energy source for the
features, and make comparisons where relevant.
world population. In addition, consumption of nuts and seeds in
Write at least 150 words. China and India was significantly higher than the world
average.

As the illustration suggests, just over 40% diet of the global

population came from processed food in 2008, which was slightly
greater than that of India and exactly 7% higher than that of
China. Vegetables and fruits provided about a third dietary
requirements of the Chinese citizens and precisely 23% of
Indians. The world average for fruit and vegetable consumption
was just below 30%.

Interestingly, nuts and seeds accounted for almost a fifth food

stocks for the Chinese, a noticeably higher rate than the world
standard. Approximately a tenth food rations in India was from
nuts and seeds. Food derived from animals supplied more than a
quarter Indian dietary provisions, which was 12% higher than
that of China and almost the same of the world’s dietary
demands.