Data Base
ASSIGNMENT NO 1
Talha
ACS233025 Sub : Mam Asma Ali
Modern Database Models and Their Future
1. Relational Database Model:
This is the most common model, where data is organized into tables (relations) that can
be linked by keys. Examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
2. NoSQL Database Models:
These are non-relational databases that can handle unstructured data. There are several
types:
Document Stores: Store data in documents (e.g., MongoDB, CouchDB).
Key-Value Stores: Store data as key-value pairs (e.g., Redis, DynamoDB).
Column Family Stores: Store data in columns rather than rows (e.g., Cassandra,
HBase).
Graph Databases:
Focus on relationships between data points (e.g., Neo4j, ArangoDB).
3. Object-Oriented Database Model:
This model integrates object-oriented programming principles with database technology,
allowing for the storage of complex data types (e.g., db4o).
4. Hierarchical Database Model:
Data is organized in a tree-like structure, where each record has a single parent (e.g.,
IBM Information Management System).
5. Network Database Model:
Similar to the hierarchical model but allows more complex relationships with multiple
parent-child relationships (e.g., Integrated Data Store).
6. Time-Series Databases
Specialized for handling time-stamped data, often used in IoT and monitoring
applications (e.g., InfluxDB, TimescaleDB).
7. NewSQL Databases:
These combine the scalability of NoSQL with the ACID guarantees of traditional SQL
databases (e.g., Google Spanner, CockroachDB).
8. Data Warehousing:
Focuses on the storage and analysis of large volumes of data, often using OLAP (Online
Analytical Processing) techniques (e.g., Amazon Redshift, Snowflake).
MySQL
MySQL is a widely used open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). It is known for
its reliability, performance, and ease of use, making it a popular choice for a variety of applications.
Key Features of MySQL:
• Relational Model: Stores data in tables, rows, and columns, following the relational
database model.
• SQL Support: Fully supports the Structured Query Language (SQL), allowing users to
define, manipulate, and query data.
• High Performance: Optimized for efficient data storage, retrieval, and processing.
• Scalability: Can handle large datasets and heavy workloads.
• Security: Provides robust security features to protect sensitive data.
• Community Support: Has a large and active community, offering extensive
documentation, tutorials, and forums.
• Replication and Clustering: Supports replication and clustering for high availability and
scalability.
• Storage Engines: Offers multiple storage engines, including InnoDB, MyISAM, and
MariaDB, to suit different needs.
