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EC-Write up-Urea-Formaldehyde

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39 views

EC-Write up-Urea-Formaldehyde

Uploaded by

upenchandra246
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Somaiya Vidyavihar University

K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077.

Department of Science and Humanities


Applied Chemistry Laboratory

Subject: Engineering Chemistry

Name:
CO-2:
Batch: Roll No.:

Date

Experiment No. 4

Title: Synthesis of thermosetting polymer

Aim: To prepare Urea formaldehyde (UF) resin

Chemicals required: Urea (2g), 40% aq. formaldehyde solution or


formalin, conc. H2SO4

Theory
Thermosets: The polymers which on heating change irreversibly
into hard rigid and infusible materials are called thermosetting
polymers. These polymers are usually prepared by heating
relatively low molecular mass, semi fluid polymers, which
becomes infusible and form an insoluble hard mass on heating.
The hardening on heating is due to the formation of extensive
cross-linking between different polymeric chains. This lead to
the formation of a three dimensional network connecting the
polymer chains. Since the 3D network structure is rigid and does
not soften on heating, the thermosetting polymers cannot be
reprocessed. Some important examples of thermosetting
polymers are Phenol-Formaldehyde resin and urea
Formaldehyde resins.
Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, one of the most important
formaldehyde resin adhesives, is a polymeric condensation
product of formaldehyde with urea, and being widely used for
the manufacture of wood-based composite panels, such as
plywood, particleboard, and fiberboard. Urea formaldehyde
resins are formed by condensation of urea and formaldehyde in
acidic medium in following steps:

EC Sem-2 (2023- 24)


Somaiya Vidyavihar University
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077.

Department of Science and Humanities


Applied Chemistry Laboratory

Subject: Engineering Chemistry

Procedure :

Step 1: Formation of methylol urea derivative


Initially urea and formaldehyde react to form methylol urea
derivatives depending upon formaldehyde (U/F ratio).

Step 2: Polymerization of methylol urea


Several molecules of methylol urea derivatives condense with loss of
water molecules to form a highly cross linked urea formaldehyde
resin.

Procedure :
1. Take a 5 mL of 40% aqueous formaldehyde solution in a 100 mL
beaker.
2. To this gradually add 2g urea powder. Stir with a glass rod to make
a saturated solution.
3. Add a few drops of conc. H2SO4 and stir vigorously till a white
solid mass is formed.
4. Filter the residue and wash it several times with distilled water to
remove any acid.
5. Dry the residue in folds of filter paper or in an oven and
weigh. Report the yield of urea formaldehyde polymer formed.

Precautions:
1. While adding Conc. H2SO4, it is expected to be very careful
since the reaction is highly exothermic.
2. The reaction should be stirred continuously.

EC Sem-2 (2023- 24)


Somaiya Vidyavihar University
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077.

Department of Science and Humanities


Applied Chemistry Laboratory

Subject: Engineering Chemistry

Reaction:

Mechanism:

EC Sem-2 (2023- 24)


Somaiya Vidyavihar University
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077.

Department of Science and Humanities


Applied Chemistry Laboratory

Subject: Engineering Chemistry

OBSERVATIONS

Weight of empty filter paper = W1 g =

Weight of filter paper + polymer formed (after drying)= W2 g =

Weight of polymer formed = Wg = W2– W1 g =

Result

Weight of urea formaldehyde resin = W g=

EC Sem-2 (2023- 24)

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