OPEN HOLE FISHING

PRACTICES

RUPESH KUMAR
 DRILLING COMPLICATION

• Drilling complications include any difficulties

encountered while drilling a well.
 TYPE OF COMPLICATIONS

1. STUCK UP
2. STRING FAILURE
3. OBJECT LOST/TOOLS FALLEN (TONG DIES, SLIP DIES, IRON SLING)
4. MISCELLANEOUS (CSING LEAKAGE, CASING CUTTING AND
RETRIEVAL)
5. ACTIVITY
6. MUD LOSS
1- STUCK UP
 TYPE OF STUCK UP

1. Pack off
2. Differential / Mechanical
3. Geometrical
 CAUSES OF STUCK UP

• Formation related causes

1. Mobile formation
2. Unconsolidated formation
3. Fractured of faulted formation
4. Reactive formation
 CAUSES OF STUCK UP
• Drilling operation related causes
1. Junk in hole
2. Poor hole cleaning
3. Key seat
4. Collapsed casing
5. Mud cake
6. Under gauged hole
7. Flash setting of cement
FORMATION RELATED CAUSES
DRILLING OPERATION RELATED CAUSES
DRILLING OPERATION RELATED CAUSES
 METHOD TO RELEASE STUCK UP

• MECHANICALLY
• HYDRAULICALLY
• CHEMICALLY
• UNCONVENTIONALY (VIBRATION)
 STUCKUP CASES WITH CIRCULATION
(DIFFERNTIAL STUCKUP)
• 1. AT THE TIME OF PIPE CONNECTION. (A. KELLY ,B. TDS)
• 2. STRING AT BOTTOM.
• 3. STRING 4-5 METER ABOVE BOTTOM.
• 4. AT THE TIME OF PULL OUT . (A. AT PIPE CONNECTION, B.4-5 METER
ABOVE TOOL JOINT. )
• 5. AT THE TIME OF RUNNING IN . (A. AT PIPE CONEECTION. B. 4.5 M
BELOW TOOL JOINT.)
 Important Points

• Use surface Jar up to 1000 M.

• P/out up to casing shoe for repair (mud pump ) job.
• Don't rotate string at one point during pump repair job (soft formation).
• In case of BHA change/stabilizer position change/ size change , C/out R/I
string job very care fully.
• Observed drag, torque, torque fluctuations.
 LIMIT FOR WORK

WORK DOWN SIDE – STRING WEIGHT (ROTATION OR NEUTRAL WIGHT) TO

KELLY OR TDS WEIGHT
TORQUE – UP TO DRLLING TORQUE / 80% MAKEUP TORQUE AT NEUTRAL
WT
PULL – G GRADE 200 TONS (KELLY), 225 TONS (TDS)
S GRADE 225 TONS (KELLY), 250 TONS (TDS)
 PACKOFF

• WORK DOWN SIDE – STRING WEIGHT (ROTATION OR NEUTRAL WIGHT)

TO KELLY OR TDS WEIGHT (WITH 500 PSI PRESSURE)
• TORQUE – UP TO DRLLING TORQUE / 80% MAKEUP TORQUE AT
NEUTRAL WT (WITH 500 PSI PRESSURE)
• PULL – G GRADE 200 TONS (KELLY), 225 TONS (TDS)
S GRADE 225 TONS (KELLY), 250 TONS (TDS)
 GEOMATRICAL

• BACKREAM (PULL LIMIT – MAX 50% OF NEUTRAL WEIGHT)

• GO DOWN ROTATE AT HIGH RPM
 PLAN

• WOS
• LOCATE STUCK POINT
• SPOTTING (HSD, CRUDE OIL, ACID,ENZYME,CAUSTIC,DD,PETROMAX –
PHPA DISOVER)
• LOCATE FREE POINT
• BACK OFF STRING, WASHOVER JOB, RETRIEVE STRING, SIDETRACK
• CUT STRING , SIDE TRACK
• CUT STRING ,WHIPSTOCK, SIDE TRACK
 FPIT

• DRILLERS METHOD
• ELECTRO LOGGING ( STRETCH METHOD)
• ELECTRO LOGGING ( MEGNETIC FIELD METHOD)
• CCL METHOD
 BACK OFF METHOD

• MECHANICAL BACK OFF

• STRING SHOT (RDX, HMX)
 STRING CUTTING

• CHEMICAL CUTTER
• JET CUTTER
• PERIPHERAL CUTTER
• COLLIDOL
• VERTICAL SPLIT CUTTER
 2&3

• FAILURE OF STRING
• OBJECT LOST/TOOLS FALLEN
 FAILURE OF STRING

1. Roller cones
2. Drill string rupture
 OBJECT LOST/TOOLS FALLEN

• Tools fallen into the hole (hammer, slip, slip die, tong die,
iron sling)
 Reason

• NDT
• Wrong practices (P/o with rotary)
• Work beyond limit (Pull, torque)
• Improper monitoring (pressure drop observation).
TECHNIQUES FOR CATCHING THE FISH
 TYPES OF FISHING TOOLS
Fishing Tools are categorized into five categories
according to their handling techniques.

1. Outside Catching

2. Inside Catching

3. Milling

4. Loose Junk

5. Auxiliary Tools
FACTORS THAT DECIDE THE TYPE OF TOOL
TO BE USED
1. Is the fish in open or in a cased hole?
2. What is the hole condition at the site of the fish?
3. Is the top of the fish smooth, or is it twisted or burred
so that milling will be required before it can be
retrieved?
4. Is the fish stuck or free?
5. Is the fish centered in the well bore, or is it off-center?
6. Is the fish large or small?
7. Is it metallic?
8. Is it a single unit or broken in to many pieces?
9. What is the Outside Diameter of the fish?
10. What is the Inside Diameter of the fish?
11. Is the Inside Diameter of the fish open or plugged?
 PROCEDURE
1. Collect complete and accurate information.
2.Cooperation and communication.
3. Drawings (including dimensions).
4.Plan A, B and C (Contingency plan).
5. Tools availability and mobilization.
6.Confirmation ( Tools working).
 PROCEDURE

7. Assembly , make up and Running In of tool.

8. Safe operation
9. Instruction for Pull out.
10. Inspection of recovered fish/ fishing tool.
11. Make report.
OUTSIDE CATCHING TOOLS
 OVERSHOT

Overshot is a +ve engagement and dis-engageable tool. +ve

engagement means the overshot is capable of withstanding
even jarring impact (F.S. type). Dis-engageable means, it can be
dis-engaged from the fish at any position/depth.

USE:
1. It is designed to catch smooth round tubular o/d fish.
2. The standard overshot is as the equivalent tool joint
strength for screw in connection, Excluding slim hole
overshot.
3. It can be disengaged from fish on requirement basis.
33
 CONSTRUCTION
Overshot is composed of three out side parts :-
1. TOP SUB:- It is fitted with the top side of the bowl
with matching thread for engaging overshot bowl
with the string. Top of top sub is having box
connection.

2. BOWL:- The inside of the overshot bowl is turned with

a tapered left-hand helical spiral thread. The gripping
member (spiral or basket grapple) is fitted into this
section. Bowl has got both side box connection with
fine or acme thread.

3. LIP GUIDE:- It is fitted against bottom of overshot

bowl with matching thread. The lip guide is meant
34
for centering the fish.
CONSTRUCTION

35
THE INTERNAL PARTS OF OVERSHOT
1. Spiral grapple: Thread and taper of spiral grapple
matches with the helically tapered thread of the bowl.
Its interior is wickered for engagement with the fish.

2. Spiral grapple control: used as a special key to

hold bottom part of grapple in position and to allow
grapple to expand during engagement. Spiral grapple
control is used with spiral grapple only. It is plain type
and without packer.

3. Type “A” Packer: type “A” packer is installed in

between top sub and bowl. It has an internal lip, which
seals around the fish. It is designed to pack off a
specific size of fish. It is changed with the change in
fish O.D.

36
THE INTERNAL PARTS OF OVERSHOT
when dressed with basket grapple assembly are:
i- Basket grapple: It is an expansible cylinder with a tapered
exterior to conform with the helically tapered thread of the
bowl. It’s interior is wickered for engagement with the fish.

ii-(A)Basket grapple Mill control: fish O.D can be packed off

and circulation can be established through the fish. Mill
control is dressed with type “R” packer.mill control is having
teeth profile to remove small burrs only. It is required to be
changed with the change in size of grapple to have
effective pack off against fish.

(B) Plain basket grapple control: It does not have any seal
and used when pack off is not required for circulation through
fish. It need not be changed for different size of the grapple.
37
 ii) Type “R” mill control packer: It is used with
mill control when a pack off is required. It is composed
of one inner seal and one outer seal. The double lip
seal of the inner packer provides a positive seal on
the fish. The outer seal of type ‘R” mill control packer
seals between bowl and mill control.

Tolerance in spiral grapple & Basket grapple:

F.S. type overshot.
(For both grapple) = + 1/32”
_ 3/32”
S.H. type overshot.
(For both grapple) = + 1/16”
_ 1/16”
38
 HOW TO SELECT CORRECT INTERNAL PARTS

1. If fish o/d is equal to or near to max. catch size.

Select ‘ Spiral grapple ’

2. If fish o/d is below by 1/8” to max. catch size.

Select ‘ Basket grapple’

Maximum catch size of overshot with

spiral and basket grapple is fixed for a
particular size and type of overshot.
39
For a particular size of over shot only one size spiral Grapple
control is available and it need not be changed with the change in
size of spiral grapple.

Because :- 1. I.D is more than the maximum catch size of over shot.
2. It does not have any packer to seal against the fish.

‘A’ type packer is to be selected as per the fish o.d., It must be

changed at 1/8” intervals.
In case of basket grapple control is required to be changed with
the change in size of grapple to have effective pack off against
fish. It is changed at 1/8”intervals.

40
OVERSHOT -- ACCESSORIES:
EXTENSION SUB: Sometimes twist-off of D/P may lead
either split in the upper end of the drill pipe or leave a
considerable portion of the upper end in an unengageable
shape.
An Extension sub should be installed between the Top Sub
and Bowl of the Overshot.So the grapple will engage with
an undamaged section of the fish.The damaged portion of
the fish will pass through the grapple and on up into the
Extension.

ITCOLOY MILL EXTENSION SUB:

It is used to mill away flared or jagged metal from
the top of the fish so that the fish will pass easily into the
overshot bowl. It is installed between the bowl and the
standard, oversize or wall hook guide.
41
 OVERSIZED GUIDE
If the hole size in which the Overshot to be operated
is so large that the Overshot might pass along one side of
and down past the top of the fish, an Oversized Guide should
be installed in place of the Standard Guide. The Oversized
Guide will contact the fish and bring it into alignment for entry
into the Bowl of the Overshot.

MILLING GUIDE where the top of the fish is a badly burred

tool joint or drill collar, a Type “A” Milling Guide should be
installed on the Overshot to trim the burrs off the fish so that
it can enter the Overshot. Type “C” Milling Guides are also
available, and they perform the same service to mill away an
external upset section or a damaged fish so that it can be
conditioned for proper engagement by the Overshot.

42
WALL HOOK GUIDE :- when the formation is caved away, the
top of fish may be laying in a recess to one side of the hole. Then
Overshot with standard lip guide cannot be brought into contact
with the top of the fish and it is necessary to provide a means to
move the fish into the center of the hole. By installing a Wall Hook
Guide in place of the Standard Guide, the Overshot can be
lowered until it contacts the pipe at the point below the cavity.
Operating procedure:-The configuration of the Wall Hook Guide
is such that it can be rotated to cause the lower lip to wrap itself
around the fish. Rotate the string to the right and hold the torque
with the help of tong. Then, by slowly elevating the Overshot, the
lipped Guide engagement with the pipe will pull it away from the
recess in the side of the hole and bring it into the center. After the
pipe has been centered by means of the Wall Hook Guide (when
release of holding torque is noticed at the surface, the Overshot
Grapple can be engage fish.
43
44
 LOCK RINGS:

Lock rings are available to prevent the top

sub and bowel from unthreading during
back-off operations. The rings have cam
teeth on one face, knurls on the other and
two breakout grooves on the edges.

One lock ring is inverted and placed on the other so the cam teeth intermesh
and the breakout grooves are aligned, and they are placed in between top
sub and bowl. As the joint is made up, the knurl faces grip the shoulders. The
pitch on the cam teeth is greater than the thread pitch. If reverse rotation is
applied, the cam teeth begin to ride up on each other. This produces a
wedging action, which effectively locks the top sub to the Bowl.

45
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF OVERSHOTS ARE:
1. F.S (Full Strength) : Capable to withstand all pulling,
torsional and jarring strain. This
is the most widely used overshot
in oil industry.
2. X.F.S.(Extra Full Strength): Engineered for extreme use.

3. S.F.S (Semi Full Strength): Engineered for special hole

condition commensurate
with max. strength.

4. S.H (Slim Hole): Meant for heavy pulling strain only.

5. X.S.H (Extra Slim Hole): For pick up jobs only.

46
Spiral Grapple
Basket Grapple
Engaging OVERSHOT WITH the FISH:
1. Assemble the overshot with correct size of grapple and
pack off assembly.
2. lower it with the help of string.
3. Before engaging the fish circulate above fish top.
4. Stop circulation. Or slow the pump speed.
5. Rest a fraction of weight and allow little rotation for
entering into the fish.
6. There will be increase in circulating pressure.
7. Rotation of the overshot and lowering will expand the
grapple, allowing the fish to enter the grapple.
8. Thereafter with rotation ceased and upward pull exerted,
the grapple is contracted by the taper in the bowl and
its deep wicker grip the fish firmly.
9. Further engagement can be confirmed by weight gain.
10.If inside of fish is not choked than circulation can be
established,which will help to clear the stuck position.
49
 disengaging OVERSHOT from the FISH:

During the releasing operation, a sharp downward bump breaks the

hold. Thereafter when the overshot is rotated to the right, the grapple
expands. The wickers will screw the grapple off the fish. Slow right hand
rotation and slow lifting are to be continued till the fish is out from the
grapple.

Note:

Circulating and releasing overshot require right

hand rotation only, for both during engagement and
disengagement.

50
SHORT CATCH OVERSHOT
The Short catch Overshot consists of a Top Sub, a Bowl, a
Grapple Control, and a Basket Grapple. It differs from the
Series 10 in that there is no Guide, and the Grapple
Control is above the Basket Grapple, permitting the
Basket Grapple to be placed at the lowest position in the
Bowl.
DIE COLLAR
 OUTSIDE CATCH FISHING TOOL DIE COLLAR
(NON POSITIVE)
Rotary Die Collar are the simplest fishing tool available
for engaging a fish externally. This is not a +ve
engagement tool.
CONSTRUCTION
Wickers: The wickers are plain watertight non-fluted
design if circulation is required below the stuck point.
Fluted type design also available to flush cutting while
engaging fish.

Length of wicker: The length of wicker is up to 24”. Length larger than 24”
requires two-piece construction.

Wall thickness: It should never be less than ¼” to avoid cracking.

Taper per feet : The standard TPF is ¾”. It should never be exceed 1” TPF as
it reduces the number of wickers, which can engage the fish during fishing
operation.
55
 SELECTION OF DIE COLLAR:
Larger wicker I.D: The larger wicker I.D should be at least ½” larger than fish O.D.
Smaller wicker I.D:The smaller wicker I.D should be at least ½” smaller than fish O.D.

OPERATION:In operation, run the Die Collar in the hole to the top of the fish, apply
less than one point of weight and rotate sufficiently to embed the taper threads of the
Die Collar into the fish, cease rotation, and pull the fish.

ADVANTAGE: The principle DIS-ADVANTAGE:Disadvantage of a Die

advantage of a Die Collar is Collar lies in fact that it cannot be
that it is inexpensive and that it disengaged from the fish in the event that
requires virtually no it proves impossible to pull the fish. it is
maintenance. difficult to gauge the amount of torque
required for its operation.

L.H.DIE-COLLAR: It has got left-hand box connection as well as left hand wickers. This
tool is mainly used in conjunction with left hand string for mechanical back off.

56
OUTSIDE CATCH FISHING TOOL – DIE COLLAR
(NON POSITIVE)
• THE GUIDE ON THE DIE COLLAR CAN BE INTEGRAL OR
THREADED LIPPED SO THAT OVER SIZE GUIDE OR
MILLING CAN BE FITTED.

• THE INSIDE OF THE DIE COLLAR HAVE VICKERS CUT

HORIZONTALLY SO THAT THE TOOL CAN WITHSTAND A
GREATER PULL.

• THE THREADS HAVE SHARP CUTTING EDGES WHICH ARE

CARBURIZED TO EXTREME HARDNESS TO ENSURE DEEP
AND EASILY CUTTING ABILITY.

• IF CIRCULATION IS DESIRED THROUGH THE FISH THE

VICKERS ARE PLAIN WATER TIGHT.

• FLUTED TYPE ARE ALSO AVAILABLE TO FLUSH CUTTINGS

WHILE ENGAGING THE FISH.

• ENGAGE THE FISH WITH 1-2T WEIGHT AND ROTATE.

57
INSIDE CATCH FISHING TOOL
 SPEAR
( POSITIVE FISHING TOOL)
• EASILY ENGAGE ABLE & DIS-ENGAGE ABLE INSIDE CATCH TOOL.
• CONSIST OF A MANDREL ON WHICH A GRAPPLE IS FITTED WITH RELEASE
RING AND RELEASE NUT.
• TAPERED LEFT HAND HELIX IS CUT ON THE MANDREL BODY.
THE TANG (LOCK) OF THE GRAPPLE RESTS AGAINST A STOP ON THE
MANDREL.
• LOWER THE SPEAR WITH THE GRAPPLE IN THE LOWER MOST POSITION.
• WHEN THE SPEAR HAS ENTERED INTO THE FISH ROTATE THE SPEAR TO ONE
FULL TURN TO THE LEFT.
• A PULL WILL ENGAGE THE SPEAR WITH THE FISH.
• TO RELEASE THE SPEAR FROM THE FISH BUMP DOWN THEN ROTATE 2-3
TURNS TO THE RIGHT.
• STRAIGHT PULL WILL FREE THE SPEAR. AS THE SPEAR IS COMING OUT OF
THE FISH,
59 SLOWLY ROTATE THE STRING.
1.

SPEAR: -
MANDREL

Tang of the grapple

Tapered left hand

helical thread

GRAPPLE

RELEASE RING

NUT

60
Itco® Spear Operation Animation
 INSIDE CATCH FISHING TOOL –TAPER TAP
(NON POSITIVE )
• For engaging fish which cannot be caught by
over shot.
• Construction is same as die collar.
• Tap can be plain or guided, wickers can be
fluted or non fluted.
• Length of wickers can be 48”. TPF is ¾” but
never more than 1”.
• Min wicker OD should be 1/8” less than fish ID
& larger wicker OD should be at least ½” larger
than fish ID.
• Fish should be engaged with 1-2 t weight and
rotate sufficiently , to embed the tapered thread.
• It is non positive tool, it can not be disengaged
from pt. Of engagement.
64
JUNK CATCH FISHING TOOL
 REVERSE CIRCULATION JUNK BASKET

• RCJB Is used to recover small pieces of junk like

bit rollers, bit bearing & other small pieces like
tong dies, hand tools, etc.
• The reverse circulation helps to deflect small
pieces of junk into the catcher.
• The assembly consists of a top sub, bowl, junk
catcher, valve assembly and shoe.
•The reverse circ. Is made possible by the hollow
barrel.
•When the ball is seated in the valve seat, the
mud passes down thru. The inner barrel and
outward/ downward against the circumference
of the hole.
• This flow then passes thru the barrel and out at 66
the upper end of the barrel.
• ‘C’ Type shoe is flat bottomed with hard facing itcoly on
the bottom, on the inner & outer face.
• Finger type shoe is used to retrieve loose junk lying at
the bottom.
• Depending on position of the junk is embedded in hard
formation or lying loose at the bottom the correct shoe is
selected.
• Itcoloy faced shoes like “b” & ‘c’ will assist in removal of
excess protruding metal to allow entry into the barrel.
• Check the condition of the shoe and the catcher while
assembling the rcjb.
• Run the rcjb to just above the fish top.
• C& c mud. Stop pump. Open kelly. Drop ball.
• While circ. At high discharge start rotation of the string.
Lower and cut a core.
• Break the core and pull out to retrieve the junk. 67
RCJB Operation Animation
JUNK CATCH TOOLS – FISHING MAGNET
• Used to retrieve undrillable material having magnetic attraction.
• Small odd shaped items, such as bit rollers bearings, dies, tong
pin, hammers, etc, which cannot be caught by inside or outside
catching tools are retrieved by magnets.
• Magnets are available in sizes 1” to 20”; with a pin up
connection.
• They can be run on drill string or wire line.
• The force of attraction can vary from 5lbs to 3000 lbs
depending on size.
• Full circ. Can be maintained thru. Most magnets.
• Only the bottom of the tool is magnetized.
• The standard guide is flush type although lip guide & mill guide
are also available.
• Flush guide is used to catch objects such as hammers or flat
objects that cannot enter lip guide or mill guide.

69
• After the magnet is run on drill string, start circ. One
stand / single above fish top.
• Start rotary. With rotation and circ. Run the tool to
within 6” of fish top. Leave it for 3-4 min. Without
rotation to wash the bottom. Observe for any wt. Loss.
If there is wt. Loss, additional circ. Is required.
• With rot. & Circ. Prove the hole to bottom with 1-2t wt.
• Lift off bottom. Stop rot. And circ. Slowly lower without
circ. Or rot. With tool resting on there fish rot.3-4 times.
• Repeat this procedure 2-3 times.
• Magnet will get damaged if excessive wt. Is applied. It
should not be more than 5000 lbs.
• Magnets should be stored on wooden planks, so that
they do not get demagnetized on contact with other
metal.

70
JUNK RETRIEVAL TOOL – JUNK SUB.
•Junk sub is run above bit or milling tools to
collect metal which is too heavy to be circulated
out.
•Cup in which junk is collected is supported by
ribs welded to main body.
•The ribs support the cup and prevent the cup
from getting crushed.
•In order to collect junk in the junk sub the pump
is stopped as the string is lifted up.
•The heavy metal junk falls down into cup & can
be retrieved once assembly is polled out.
• Junk subs can be run above a scrapper to get a
faster and more cleaner scrapping job.
71
MILLING & CUTTING TOOLS
Milling Tools, hard faced with Itcoloy, sintered
tungsten carbide particles, are designed to mill away
stuck fish that cannot be retrieved by conventional
fishing methods.
Internal Pressure Pipe Cutters

The Internal Pressure Pipe Cutter is a simple hydraulic actuated pipe

cutter, consisting of a Body, with multiple Knives and Knife Pins:
actuated by a Piston with a Pressure Relief Valve System consisting of
a Flow Bushing, Valve Stem, Flow Bean Retainer, Valve Stop Spider,
Flow Bean, and Set Screws.

Operation

The Cutter is attached to the drill pipe or tubing. The knives are wired
to retain them in the groove and lowered to the desired depth. Rotation
is started (usually 30 to 50 rpm). The pump is turned on, usually to 900
psi. The cutter is held in one position while cutting, and the piston
forces the knives through the pipe. When the knives reach the pre-set
diameter, the piston will separate from the valve stem and provide
more mud flow through the tool, causing a marked decrease in pump
pressure, indicating the knives have severed the pipe. The pump
pressure indication is pre-set by a simple adjustment, allowing the
knives to extend at exactly the desired diameter.
AUXILARY FISHING TOOLS
 washover
When the wellbore is collapsed
and there are cuttings over the
fish, we need to wash over the
top of fish in order to clear any
debris. The washover pipe is used
for this operation. It will slip over
the stuck pipe and drilling mud will Drive sub
flush out any debris in the annulus
between pipe and wellbore. When
the top of fish is clean, we can run
in hole with fishing assembly to
engage and recover the fish down
hole.

Shoe 76
IMPRESSION BLOCK.

• Consists of a soft insert in lower end of a

steel housing.
• Enables fishing personnel to determine
exact configuration of fish top and to
locate its position in well bore.
• Is run at bottom of fishing string & when
tool comes in contact with fish, wt. of
string is further lowered without rotation.
• The fish indents into the soft lead.
• Shape and size of mark on impression
block reveals the condition of the fish.
• Impression blocks can be a solid block.
Or one which has a water course through
it. Water course helps to clean top of the
fish to get a better impression.

77
DITCH MAGNET.

78
Coarse Thread Safety Joints

Coarse Thread Safety Joint allows quick release

from drilling, fishing, testing, wash over, or tubing
strings should they become stuck, leaving a
minimum of pipe in the hole, thereby reducing the
problems of fishing or side-tracking. The new design
is simple, eliminating the need of a release ring
mechanism and lengthy disengagement procedures.

The Safety Joint has a rugged coarse thread design

which will not loosen or wedge during operation.
Once in the string the Safety Joint is resistant to
vibration, heavy loads, and left or right-hand torque.
The tool will disengage by simple left-hand rotation
at approximately 40% of the tool’s right-hand make-
up torque.
FISHING JAR

Jar is used for fishing, testing, coring, reaming, light

drilling, side tracking, and wash over operations. It is a
straight-pull operated Jar. This Jar is simple to assemble
and easy to use.
Each blow can be controlled positively by the operator
to deliver a very light blow or a blow of
very heavy impact. Full circulation may be maintained
throughout the tool for effective flushing.
Full torque may be utilized in either direction and is at all
times by means of heavy duty spines
which are continuously in engagement.
Fishing Bumper Sub

It is composed of only five primary parts and a double

seal assembly. The hexagon shaped mandrel slides in a
similar shaped mandrel body to provide continuous
torque capability. The standard 20-inch stroke of these
tools is optimum for most purposes.
Full circulation may be maintained through the bores of
the tools at all times. Fishing Bumper Subs are suited for
all fishing operations. They will bump down, jar up, or
help disengage a fish after retrieval.
 4 - ACTIVITY

• CLOSE BOP
• NOTE SICP , SIDP & PIT GAIN
 KILLING METHOD

• DRILLERS METHOD
• WAIT & WEIGHT METHOD (MASP IS CRITICAL)
• VOLUMETERIC METHOD (NO STRING IN WELL)
 5- MUD LOSS

• COMPLETE LOSS (NO RETURN)

• PARTIAL LOSS/DYNAMIC LOSS ( LESS RETURN)
 PLAN

• LCM PILL
• CEMENT GEL/PLUG
• THIKSOLITE GEL
Reason of complication
 Stuck up

• Higher mud weight

• High pipe connection time
• Negligence ( high torque & drag)
• Wrong practice (extra pull)
• String Rotation at one point
• Unavailability of chemical
 Stuck up

• Quality of chemical
• Excess Drill / exposure time (special clay)
• Fast drilling at COAL section
• Poor hole cleaning at high angle well
• Deviation from SOP ( wash down at least 3 singles during R/I)
 Stuck up

• Change in BHA (sab position, gauge change -stuck up at R/I)

 String failure

• NDT ( 1. unavailability 2. whole body & tool joint test)

• Wrong practices ( P/O with rotary
• Work beyond limit (pull/ torque)
• Failure of solid control equipment
• Excess/less torque during pipe connection
 Misc.

• BARICADE, LOCAL FESTIVAL,CONSTRUCTION,FUNCTION

• MAST/RIG CENTERING
• CHEMICAL (QUALITY, UNAVAILABILITY, IMPROPER STORAGE)
THANK YOU