WORKSHEET
CLASS : VIII
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER : ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Q 1. Fil in the blanks
i) A molecule is capable of independent existence & retains the characteristics of the
substances.
ii) J. J. Thomson discovered electrons in 1897.
iii) A molecule of an element composed of only one atom is known as monoatomic.
iv) In a salt – the positive and negative parts exist as ions.
v) Protons are the positively charged particle present in the nucleus of an atom.
vi) Dalton said that atoms could not be divided.
vii) Rutherford bombarded a thin sheet of gold foil with alpha particles in an evacuated
chamber.
viii) The outermost shell of an atom is known as valence shell.
ix) An atom is electrically neutral.
x) Isotopes differ from each other only in their number of neutrons / physical properties.
xi) Elements try to attain a stable electronic configuration of nearest noble gas.
xii) The shell lying closest to the nucleus carries the less energy.
Q 2. Name or state the following
i) A radical which behaves like hydrogen or a metal in a chemical reaction.
Basic radical.
ii) The number of atoms present in a molecule of an element.
Atomicity.
iii) The number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic number.
iv) An imaginary path in which electrons revolve around the nucleus
Orbits.
v) The number of electrons an atom can donate or accept so as to achieve stable electronic
configuration.
Valency.
vi) The sub – atomic particle with negative charge and negligible mass.
Electron.
vii) The electrons present in the outermost shell.
Valence electrons.
viii) Arrangement of electrons in the shells of an atom.
Electronic configuration.
ix) The sum of the number of protons and neutrons of an atom.
Mass number.
x) Atoms of same element with same atomic number but a different mass number.
Isotopes.
xi) The smallest unit of an element which take part in a chemical reaction.
Atom.
xii) The number of valence electrons present in magnesium
Two.
Q 3. State the Atomic number, Mass number, no. of protons, electrons, neutrons, Electronic
configuration, no. of valence electrons and draw the atomic structure of the following atoms.
i) Helium ii) Neon
iii) Carbon iv) Sodium
v) Hydrogen vi) Aluminium
vii) Oxygen viii) Phosphorus
ix) Fluorine x) Potassium
Q 4.State the valency of the following elements or radicals
i) Sodium – Na1+ vi) Aluminium – Al3+
ii) Potassium – K1+ vii) Chloride – Cl1-
iii) Calcium – Ca2+ viii) Hydroxide – OH1-
iv) Zinc - Zn2+ ix) Carbonate – CO32-
v) Magnesium - Mg2+ x) Sulphate – SO42-
Q 5. Complete the table below by identifying A, B, C, D, E and F.
Element Symbol No. of protons No. of No. of
neutrons electrons
19
Fluorine 9F 9 A B
Aluminium C D 14 13
39
Potassium 19K E F 19
A – 10
B–9
C – Al
D – 13
E – 19
F - 20
