HTML Input Types

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This chapter describes the different types for the HTML <input> element.

HTML Input Types

Here are the different input types you can use in HTML:

 <input type="button">
 <input type="checkbox">
 <input type="color">
 <input type="date">
 <input type="datetime-local">
 <input type="email">
 <input type="file">
 <input type="hidden">
 <input type="image">
 <input type="month">
 <input type="number">
 <input type="password">
 <input type="radio">
 <input type="range">
 <input type="reset">
 <input type="search">
 <input type="submit">
 <input type="tel">
 <input type="text">
 <input type="time">
 <input type="url">
 <input type="week">

Tip: The default value of the type attribute is "text".

Input Type Text

<input type="text"> defines a single-line text input field:
Example
<form>
<label for="fname">First name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname"><br>
<label for="lname">Last name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lname">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

First name:

Last name:

Input Type Password

<input type="password"> defines a password field:

Example
<form>
<label for="username">Username:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username"><br>
<label for="pwd">Password:</label><br>
<input type="password" id="pwd" name="pwd">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

Username:

Password:

The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).

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Input Type Submit
<input type="submit"> defines a button for submitting form data to a form-
handler.

The form-handler is typically a server page with a script for processing input
data.

The form-handler is specified in the form's action attribute:

Example
<form action="/action_page.php">
<label for="fname">First name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname" value="John"><br>
<label for="lname">Last name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lname" value="Doe"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

First name:
J ohn

Last name:
Doe

Submit

If you omit the submit button's value attribute, the button will get a default text:
Example
<form action="/action_page.php">
<label for="fname">First name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname" value="John"><br>
<label for="lname">Last name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lname" value="Doe"><br><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
Try it Yourself »
Input Type Reset
<input type="reset"> defines a reset button that will reset all form values to
their default values:

Example
<form action="/action_page.php">
<label for="fname">First name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname" value="John"><br>
<label for="lname">Last name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lname" value="Doe"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
<input type="reset" value="Reset">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

First name:
J ohn

Last name:
Doe

Submit Reset

If you change the input values and then click the "Reset" button, the form-data
will be reset to the default values.

Input Type Radio

<input type="radio"> defines a radio button.

Radio buttons let a user select ONLY ONE of a limited number of choices:

Example
<p>Choose your favorite Web language:</p>

<form>
<input type="radio" id="html" name="fav_language" value="HTML">
<label for="html">HTML</label><br>
 <input type="radio" id="css" name="fav_language" value="CSS">
<label for="css">CSS</label><br>
<input type="radio" id="javascript" name="fav_language" value="Ja
vaScript">
<label for="javascript">JavaScript</label>
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

HTML
CSS
JavaScript

Input Type Checkbox

<input type="checkbox"> defines a checkbox.

Checkboxes let a user select ZERO or MORE options of a limited number of

choices.

Example
<form>
<input type="checkbox" id="vehicle1" name="vehicle1" value="Bike"
>
<label for="vehicle1"> I have a bike</label><br>
<input type="checkbox" id="vehicle2" name="vehicle2" value="Car">
<label for="vehicle2"> I have a car</label><br>
<input type="checkbox" id="vehicle3" name="vehicle3" value="Boat"
>
<label for="vehicle3"> I have a boat</label>
</form>
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

I have a bike
I have a car
I have a boat
Input Type Button
<input type="button"> defines a button:

Example
<input type="button" onclick="alert('Hello World!')" value="Click
Me!">
Try it Yourself »

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

Input Type Color

The <input type="color"> is used for input fields that should contain a color.

Depending on browser support, a color picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="favcolor">Select your favorite color:</label>
<input type="color" id="favcolor" name="favcolor">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Date

The <input type="date"> is used for input fields that should contain a date.

Depending on browser support, a date picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="birthday">Birthday:</label>
 <input type="date" id="birthday" name="birthday">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

You can also use the min and max attributes to add restrictions to dates:

Example
<form>
<label for="datemax">Enter a date before 1980-01-01:</label>
<input type="date" id="datemax" name="datemax" max="1979-12-
31"><br><br>
<label for="datemin">Enter a date after 2000-01-01:</label>
<input type="date" id="datemin" name="datemin" min="2000-01-02">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Datetime-local

The <input type="datetime-local"> specifies a date and time input field, with no
time zone.

Depending on browser support, a date picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="birthdaytime">Birthday (date and time):</label>
<input type="datetime-local" id="birthdaytime" nam
e="birthdaytime">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Email

The <input type="email"> is used for input fields that should contain an e-mail
address.

Depending on browser support, the e-mail address can be automatically

validated when submitted.
Some smartphones recognize the email type, and add ".com" to the keyboard to
match email input.

Example
<form>
<label for="email">Enter your email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Image

The <input type="image"> defines an image as a submit button.

The path to the image is specified in the src attribute.

Example
<form>
<input type="image" src="img_submit.gif" alt="Submit" width="48" he
ight="48">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type File

The <input type="file"> defines a file-select field and a "Browse" button for file
uploads.

Example
<form>
<label for="myfile">Select a file:</label>
<input type="file" id="myfile" name="myfile">
</form>
Try it Yourself »
Input Type Hidden
The <input type="hidden"> defines a hidden input field (not visible to a user).

A hidden field lets web developers include data that cannot be seen or modified
by users when a form is submitted.

A hidden field often stores what database record that needs to be updated when
the form is submitted.

Note: While the value is not displayed to the user in the page's content, it is
visible (and can be edited) using any browser's developer tools or "View Source"
functionality. Do not use hidden inputs as a form of security!

Example
<form>
<label for="fname">First name:</label>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname"><br><br>
<input type="hidden" id="custId" name="custId" value="3487">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Month

The <input type="month"> allows the user to select a month and year.

Depending on browser support, a date picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="bdaymonth">Birthday (month and year):</label>
<input type="month" id="bdaymonth" name="bdaymonth">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Number

The <input type="number"> defines a numeric input field.

You can also set restrictions on what numbers are accepted.

The following example displays a numeric input field, where you can enter a
value from 1 to 5:

Example
<form>
<label for="quantity">Quantity (between 1 and 5):</label>
<input type="number" id="quantity" name="quantity" min="1" max="5
">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Restrictions
Here is a list of some common input restrictions:

Attribute Description

checked Specifies that an input field should be pre-selected when the page loads
type="checkbox" or type="radio")

disabled Specifies that an input field should be disabled

max Specifies the maximum value for an input field

maxlength Specifies the maximum number of character for an input field

 min Specifies the minimum value for an input field

pattern Specifies a regular expression to check the input value against

readonly Specifies that an input field is read only (cannot be changed)

required Specifies that an input field is required (must be filled out)

size Specifies the width (in characters) of an input field

step Specifies the legal number intervals for an input field

value Specifies the default value for an input field

You will learn more about input restrictions in the next chapter.

The following example displays a numeric input field, where you can enter a
value from 0 to 100, in steps of 10. The default value is 30:

Example
<form>
<label for="quantity">Quantity:</label>
<input type="number" id="quantity" name="quantity" min="0" max="1
00" step="10" value="30">
</form>
Try it Yourself »
Input Type Range
The <input type="range"> defines a control for entering a number whose exact
value is not important (like a slider control). Default range is 0 to 100. However,
you can set restrictions on what numbers are accepted with the min, max,
and step attributes:

Example
<form>
<label for="vol">Volume (between 0 and 50):</label>
<input type="range" id="vol" name="vol" min="0" max="50">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Search

The <input type="search"> is used for search fields (a search field behaves like a
regular text field).

Example
<form>
<label for="gsearch">Search Google:</label>
<input type="search" id="gsearch" name="gsearch">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Tel

The <input type="tel"> is used for input fields that should contain a telephone
number.

Example
<form>
<label for="phone">Enter your phone number:</label>
<input type="tel" id="phone" name="phone" pattern="[0-9]{3}-[0-9]
{2}-[0-9]{3}">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Time

The <input type="time"> allows the user to select a time (no time zone).

Depending on browser support, a time picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="appt">Select a time:</label>
<input type="time" id="appt" name="appt">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Input Type Url

The <input type="url"> is used for input fields that should contain a URL
address.

Depending on browser support, the url field can be automatically validated

when submitted.

Some smartphones recognize the url type, and adds ".com" to the keyboard to
match url input.

Example
<form>
<label for="homepage">Add your homepage:</label>
<input type="url" id="homepage" name="homepage">
</form>
Try it Yourself »
Input Type Week
The <input type="week"> allows the user to select a week and year.

Depending on browser support, a date picker can show up in the input field.

Example
<form>
<label for="week">Select a week:</label>
<input type="week" id="week" name="week">
</form>
Try it Yourself »

Exercise?
What is the default value of the INPUT element's type attribute?

button

submit

text

Submit Answer »

HTML Input Type Attribute

Tag Description

<input type=""> Specifies the input type to display